The redox pair chemical environment influence on the recombination loss in dye-sensitized solar cells

Journal of Physical Chemistry C

Volumn 118, Issue 8, 2014, Pages 3878-3889

  Idígoras, Jesús ^a   Pellejà, Laia ^b   Palomares, Emilio ^b,c   Anta, Juan A ^a  

^a UNIVERSIDAD PABLO DE OLAVIDE   (Spain)

^b INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH OF CATALONIA ICIQ   (Spain)

^c INSTITUCIÓ CATALANA DE RECERCA I ESTUDIS AVANÇATS ICREA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL; DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS; ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES; ELECTRON RECOMBINATIONS; IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; INTENSITY-MODULATED PHOTOVOLTAGE SPECTROSCOPIES; REORGANIZATION ENERGIES; SEMI-LOGARITHMIC PLOTS;

COBALT; ELECTROLYTES; ETHYLENE; IONIC LIQUIDS; OPEN CIRCUIT VOLTAGE; ORGANIC SOLVENTS; PERTURBATION TECHNIQUES; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS;

SOLAR CELLS;

EID: 84896842883     PISSN: 19327447     EISSN: 19327455     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp4088095     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. O'Regan, B.; Gratzel, M. A Low-Cost, High-Efficiency Solar-Cell Based on Dye-Sensitized Colloidal Tio2 Films Nature 1991, 353, 737-740 (Pubitemid 21912607)
2. Grätzel, M. Recent Advances in Sensitized Mesoscopic Solar Cells Acc. Chem. Res. 2009, 42, 1788-1798
3. Hardin, B. E.; Snaith, H. J.; McGehee, M. D. The Renaissance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Nat. Photonics 2012, 6, 162-169
4. Yella, A.; Lee, H.-W.; Tsao, H. N.; Yi, C.; Chandiran, A. K.; Nazeeruddin, M. K.; Diau, E. W.-G.; Yeh, C.-Y.; Zakeeruddin, S. M.; Grätzel, M. Porphyrin-Sensitized Solar Cells with Cobalt (II/III)-Based Redox Electrolyte Exceed 12% Efficiency Science 2011, 334, 629-634
5. Kim, H.-S.; Lee, C.-R.; Im, J.-H.; Lee, K.-B.; Moehl, T.; Marchioro, A.; Moon, S.-J.; Humphry-Baker, R.; Yum, J.-H.; Moser, J. E. Lead Iodide Perovskite Sensitized All-Solid-State Submicron Thin Film Mesoscopic Solar Cell with Efficiency Exceeding 9% Sci. Rep. 2012, 2, 591
6. Chung, I.; Lee, B.; He, J.; Chang, R. P. H.; Kanatzidis, M. G. All-Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with High Efficiency Nature 2012, 485, 486-489
7. Ball, J. M.; Lee, M. M.; Hey, A.; Snaith, H. Low-Temperature Processed Mesosuperstructured to Thin-Film Perovskite Solar Cells. Energy Environ. Sci. 2013.
8. Colodrero, S.; Mihi, A.; Anta, J. A.; Ocaña, M.; Míguez, H. Experimental Demonstration of the Mechanism of Light Harvesting Enhancement in Photonic-Crystal-Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113, 1150-1154
9. Mihi, A.; Calvo, M. E.; Anta, J. A.; Miguez, H. Spectral Response of Opal-Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 13-17 (Pubitemid 351160439)
10. Justin Thomas, K. R.; Hsu, Y.-C.; Lin, J. T.; Lee, K.-M.; Ho, K.-C.; Lai, C.-H.; Cheng, Y.-M.; Chou, P.-T. 2,3-Disubstituted Thiophene-Based Organic Dyes for Solar Cells Chem. Mater. 2008, 20, 1830-1840 (Pubitemid 351560844)
11. Peter, L. M. Characterization and Modeling of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 6601-6612 (Pubitemid 46826415)
12. Hagfeldt, A.; Boschloo, G.; Sun, L.; Kloo, L.; Pettersson, H. Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 6595-6663
13. Anta, J. A.; Guillén, E.; Tena-Zaera, R. ZnO-Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 11413-114253
14. Bisquert, J.; Mora-Seró, I. Simulation of Steady-State Characteristics of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells and the Interpretation of the Diffusion Length J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2010, 1, 450-456
15. Anta, J. A.; Idígoras, J.; Guillén, E.; Villanueva-Cab, J.; Mandujano-Ramirez, H. J.; Oskam, G.; Pelleja, L.; Palomares, E. J. Continuity Equation for the Simulation of the Current-Voltage Curve and the Time-Dependent Properties in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2012, 10285-10299
16. Fabregat-Santiago, F.; Bisquert, J.; Palomares, E.; Otero, L.; Kuang, D. B.; Zakeeruddin, S. M.; Gratzel, M. Correlation between Photovoltaic Performance and Impedance Spectroscopy of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Ionic Liquids J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 6550-6560 (Pubitemid 46787884)
17. Guillén, E.; Fernández-Lorenzo, C.; Alcántara, R.; Martín-Calleja, J.; Anta, J. A. Solvent-Free ZnO Dye-Sensitised Solar Cells Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2009, 93, 1846-1852
18. Wang, M.; Chen, P.; Humphry-Baker, R.; Zakeeruddin, S. M.; Gratzel, M. The Influence of Charge Transport and Recombination on the Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells ChemPhysChem 2009, 10, 290-299
19. Wang, H.; Nicholson, P. G.; Peter, L.; Zakeeruddin, S. M.; Grätzel, M. Transport and Interfacial Transfer of Electrons in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Utilizing a Co(dbbip)2 Redox Shuttle J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114, 14300-14306
20. Jennings, J. R.; Liu, Y.; Wang, Q.; Zakeeruddin, S. M.; Grätzel, M. The Influence of Dye Structure on Charge Recombination in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2011, 13, 6637-6648
21. Jang, S.-R.; Zhu, K.; Ko, M. J.; Kim, K.; Kim, C.; Park, N.-G.; Frank, A. J. Voltage-Enhancement Mechanisms of an Organic Dye in High Open-Circuit Voltage Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells ACS Nano 2011, 5, 8267-8274
22. Liu, Y.; Jennings, J. R.; Zakeeruddin, S. M.; Grätzel, M.; Wang, Q. Heterogeneous Electron Transfer from Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline TiO2 to [Co(bpy)3]3+: Insights Gained from Impedance Spectroscopy J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 3939-3952
23. Bisquert, J.; Fabregat-Santiago, F.; Mora-Seró, I.; Garcia-Belmonte, G.; Giménez, S. Electron Lifetime in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Theory and Interpretation of Measurements J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113, 17278-17290
24. Fabregat-Santiago, F.; Bisquert, J.; Garcia-Belmonte, G.; Boschloo, G.; Hagfeldt, A. Influence of Electrolyte in Transport and Recombination in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Studied by Impedance Spectroscopy Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2005, 87, 117-131 (Pubitemid 40556565)
25. Halme, J. Linking Optical and Electrical Small Amplitude Perturbation Techniques for Dynamic Performance Characterization of Dye Solar Cells Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2011, 13, 12435-12446
26. Zaban, A.; Greenshtein, M.; Bisquert, J. Determination of the Electron Lifetime in Nanocrystalline Dye Solar Cells by Open-Circuit Voltage Decay Measurements ChemPhysChem 2003, 4, 859-864
27. Barnes, P. R. F.; Miettunen, K.; Li, X.; Anderson, A. Y.; Bessho, T.; Gratzel, M.; O'Regan, B. C. Interpretation of Optoelectronic Transient and Charge Extraction Measurements in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Adv. Mater. 2013, 1881-1922
28. Ondersma, J. W.; Hamann, T. W. Measurements and Modeling of Recombination from Nanoparticle TiO2 Electrodes J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 8264-8271
29. Ansari-Rad, M.; Abdi, Y.; Arzi, E. Simulation of Non-Linear Recombination of Charge Carriers in Sensitized Nanocrystalline Solar Cells J. Appl. Phys. 2012, 112, 074319-074319-7
30. Gonzalez-Vazquez, J. P.; Oskam, G.; Anta, J. A. Origin of Nonlinear Recombination in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Interplay between Charge Transport and Charge Transfer J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 22687-22697
31. Nakade, S.; Kanzaki, T.; Kubo, W.; Kitamura, T.; Wada, Y.; Yanagida, S. Role of Electrolytes on Charge Recombination in Dye-Sensitized TiO2 Solar Cell (1): The Case of Solar Cells Using the I-/I3- Redox Couple J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 3480-3487
32. Wang, Q.; Ito, S.; Gratzel, M.; Fabregat-Santiago, F.; Mora-Sero, I.; Bisquert, J.; Bessho, T.; Imai, H. Characteristics of High Efficiency Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 25210-25221 (Pubitemid 46196825)
33. Marcus, R. A. On the Theory of Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Involving Electron Transfer. I J. Chem. Phys. 1956, 24, 966-978
34. Gerischer, H. Über Den Ablauf von Redoxreaktionen an Metallen Und an Halbleitern Z. Phys. Chem. 1960, 26, 223-247
35. Bisquert, J.; Marcus, R. A. Device Modeling of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Topics in Current Chemistry; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013; pp 1-71.
36. Boschloo, G.; Gibson, E. A.; Hagfeldt, A. Photomodulated Voltammetry of Iodide/Triiodide Redox Electrolytes and Its Relevance to Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2011, 2, 3016-3020
37. Villanueva-Cab, J.; Wang, H.; Oskam, G.; Peter, L. M. Electron Diffusion and Back Reaction in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: The Effect of Nonlinear Recombination Kinetics J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2010, 1, 748-751
38. Jennings, J. R.; Wang, Q. Influence of Lithium Ion Concentration on Electron Injection, Transport, and Recombination in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114, 1715-1724
39. Jennings, J. R.; Li, F.; Wang, Q. Reliable Determination of Electron Diffusion Length and Charge Separation Efficiency in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114, 14665-14674
40. Reynal, A.; Forneli, A.; Palomares, E. Dye Structure-charge Transfer Process Relationship in Efficient Ruthenium-Dye Based Dye Sensitized Solar Cells Energy Environ. Sci. 2010, 3, 805-812
41. Liu, Y.; Jennings, J. R.; Huang, Y.; Wang, Q.; Zakeeruddin, S. M.; Grätzel, M. Cobalt Redox Mediators for Ruthenium-Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: A Combined Impedance Spectroscopy and Near-IR Transmittance Study J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 18847-18855
42. Bisquert, J. Theory of the Impedance of Electron Diffusion and Recombination in a Thin Layer J. Phys. Chem. B 2002, 106, 325-333 (Pubitemid 35281722)
43. Watson, D. F.; Meyer, G. J. Cation Effects in Nanocrystalline Solar Cells Coord. Chem. Rev. 2004, 248, 1391-1406
44. Boschloo, G.; Haggman, L.; Hagfeldt, A. Quantification of the Effect of 4-Tert-Butylpyridine Addition to I-/I-3 Redox Electrolytes in Dye-Sensitized Nanostructured TiO2 Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 13144-13150 (Pubitemid 44115651)
45. Bisquert, J. Chemical Capacitance of Nanostructured Semiconductors: Its Origin and Significance for Nanocomposite Solar Cells Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2003, 5, 5360-5364
46. Ansari-Rad, M.; Abdi, Y.; Arzi, E. Reaction Order and Ideality Factor in Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline Solar Cells: A Theoretical Investigation J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 10867-10872
47. Kern, R.; Sastrawan, R.; Ferber, J.; Stangl, R.; Luther, J. Modeling and Interpretation of Electrical Impedance Spectra of Dye Solar Cells Operated under Open-Circuit Conditions Electrochim. Acta 2002, 47, 4213-4225 (Pubitemid 35384371)
48. Cameron, P. J.; Peter, L. M. How Does Back-Reaction at the Conducting Glass Substrate Influence the Dynamic Photovoltage Response of Nanocrystalline Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells? J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 7392-7398
49. Bisquert, J.; Zaban, A.; Greenshtein, M.; Mora-Sero, I. Determination of Rate Constants for Charge Transfer and the Distribution of Semiconductor and Electrolyte Electronic Energy Levels in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by Open-Circuit Photovoltage Decay Method J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 13550-13559 (Pubitemid 39382780)
50. - by Titanium Dioxide J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113, 18444-18447
51. Guillén, E.; Peter, L. M.; Anta, J. A. Electron Transport and Recombination in ZnO-Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 22622-22632
52. Raga, S. R.; Barea, E. M.; Fabregat-Santiago, F. Analysis of the Origin of Open Circuit Voltage in Dye Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2012, 3, 1629-1634
53. González-Pedro, V.; Xu, X.; Mora-Seró, I.; Bisquert, J. Modeling High-Efficiency Quantum Dot Sensitized Solar Cells ACS Nano 2010, 4, 5783-5790
54. Kambe, S.; Nakade, S.; Kitamura, T.; Wada, Y.; Yanagida, S. Influence of the Electrolytes on Electron Transport in Mesoporous TiO2-Electrolyte Systems J. Phys. Chem. B 2002, 106, 2967-2972 (Pubitemid 35290308)
55. Kubo, W.; Kambe, S.; Nakade, S.; Kitamura, T.; Hanabusa, K.; Wada, Y.; Yanagida, S. Photocurrent-Determining Processes in Quasi-Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Ionic Gel Electrolytes J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107, 4374-4381
56. Lynden-Bell, R. M. Does Marcus Theory Apply to Redox Processes in Ionic Liquids? A Simulation Study Electrochem. Commun. 2007, 9, 1857-1861 (Pubitemid 47069070)
57. Feldt, S. M.; Wang, G.; Boschloo, G.; Hagfeldt, A. Effects of Driving Forces for Recombination and Regeneration on the Photovoltaic Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Cobalt Polypyridine Redox Couples J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 21500-21507
58. Feldt, S. M.; Lohse, P. W.; Kessler, F.; Nazeeruddin, M. K.; Grätzel, M.; Boschloo, G.; Hagfeldt, A. Regeneration and Recombination Kinetics in Cobalt Polypyridine Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, Explained Using Marcus Theory Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15, 7087-7097
59. Marcus, R. A. Reorganization Free Energy for Electron Transfers at Liquid-Liquid and Dielectric Semiconductor-Liquid Interfaces J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 1050-1055
60. Dzhavakhidze, P. G.; Kornyshev, A. A.; Krishtalik, L. I. Activation Energy of Electrode Reactions: The Non-Local Effects J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 1987, 228, 329-346
61. Hartnig, C.; Koper, M. T. M. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Solvent Reorganization in Electron-Transfer Reactions J. Chem. Phys. 2001, 115, 8540-8546 (Pubitemid 33084393)
62. Bisquert, J.; Palomares, E.; Quinones, C. A. Effect of Energy Disorder in Interfacial Kinetics of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with Organic Hole Transport Material J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 19406-19411 (Pubitemid 44626416)
63. Ondersma, J. W.; Hamann, T. W. Recombination and Redox Couples in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Coord. Chem. Rev. 2013, 257, 1533-1543
64. Wang, H.; Peter, L. M. Influence of Electrolyte Cations on Electron Transport and Electron Transfer in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 10468-10475