Beclin 1 deficiency correlated with lymph node metastasis, predicts a distinct outcome in intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

PLoS ONE

Volumn 8, Issue 11, 2013, Pages

  Wang, Tian Tian ^a   Cao, Qing Hua ^a   Chen, Ming Yuan ^b   Xia, Qing ^b,c   Fan, Xin Juan ^a   Ma, Xiao Kun ^a   Lin, Qu ^a   Jia, Chang Chang ^a   Dong, Min ^a   Ruan, Dan Yun ^a   Lin, Ze Xiao ^a   Wen, Jing Yun ^a   Wei, Li ^a   Li, Xing ^a   Chen, Zhan Hong ^a   Wang, Lei ^a   Wu, Xiang Yuan ^a   Wan, Xiang Bo ^a  

^a SUN YAT SEN UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b SUN YAT SEN UNIVERSITY CANCER CENTER   (China)

^c SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BECLIN 1; MEMBRANE PROTEIN;

ADULT; ARTICLE; AUTOPHAGY; BECLIN 1 DEFICIENCY; BILE DUCT CARCINOMA; CANCER GRADING; CANCER PROGNOSIS; CANCER STAGING; CARCINOGENESIS; CHOLELITHIASIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE COURSE; HEPATITIS B; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; LYMPH VESSEL METASTASIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; OVERALL SURVIVAL; PROGRESSION FREE SURVIVAL; PROTEIN DEFICIENCY; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; SURVIVAL;

ADULT; AGED; APOPTOSIS REGULATORY PROTEINS; CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION; HUMANS; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; LYMPH NODES; LYMPHATIC METASTASIS; MALE; MEMBRANE PROTEINS; MIDDLE AGED; NEOPLASM STAGING; PROGNOSIS; TUMOR BURDEN;

EID: 84896716099     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080317     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Gatto M, Bragazzi MC, Semeraro R, Napoli C, Gentile R et al. (2010) Cholangiocarcinoma: update and future perspectives. Dig Liver Dis 42: 253-260. doi:10.1016/j.dld.2009.12.008. PubMed: 20097142.
2. Shaib Y, El-Serag HB (2004) The epidemiology of cholangiocarcinoma. Semin Liver Dis 24: 115-125. doi:10.1055/s-2004-828889. PubMed: 15192785. (Pubitemid 38738341)
3. Patel T (2006) Cholangiocarcinoma. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol 3: 33-42. doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep0389. PubMed: 16397610.
4. Gores GJ, Baskin-Bey ES, Baron TH, Alberts SR (2004) Treatment endpoints for advanced cholangiocarcinoma. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol 1: 4-5. doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep0008. PubMed: 16265019. (Pubitemid 40823682)
5. Cai X, Zhai J, Kaplan DE, Zhang Y, Zhou L et al. (2012) Background progenitor activation is associated with recurrence after hepatectomy of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatology 56: 1804-1816. doi:10.1002/hep.25874. PubMed: 22684921.
6. Fan L, He F, Liu H, Zhu J, Liu Y et al. (2011) CD133: a potential indicator for differentiation and prognosis of human cholangiocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 11: 320. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-11-320. PubMed: 21798073.
7. Hashimoto N, Yachida S, Okano K, Wakabayashi H, Imaida K et al. (2009) Immunohistochemically detected expression of p27(Kip1) and Skp2 predicts survival in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. Ann Surg Oncol 16: 395-403. doi:10.1245/s10434-008-0236-0. PubMed: 19034576.
8. Zhou L, He XD, Cui QC, Zhou WX, Qu Q et al. (2008) Expression of LAPTM4B-35: a novel marker of progression, invasiveness and poor prognosis of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Lett 264: 209-217. doi:10.1016/j.canlet. 2008.01.025. PubMed: 18334282.
9. Kim HJ, Yoo TW, Park DI, Park JH, Cho YK et al. (2007) Gene amplification and protein overexpression of HER-2/neu in human extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma as detected by chromogenic in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry: its prognostic implication in node-positive patients. Ann Oncol 18: 892-897. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdm006. PubMed: 17322545. (Pubitemid 47054087)
10. Yoshikawa D, Ojima H, Iwasaki M, Hiraoka N, Kosuge T et al. (2008) Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of EGFR, VEGF, and HER2 expression in cholangiocarcinoma. Br J Cancer 98: 418-425. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc. 6604129. PubMed: 18087285. (Pubitemid 351161240)
11. Gruenberger B, Schueller J, Heubrandtner U, Wrba F, Tamandl D et al. (2010) Cetuximab, gemcitabine, and oxaliplatin in patients with unresectable advanced or metastatic biliary tract cancer: a phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol 11: 1142-1148. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(10)70247-3. PubMed: 21071270.
12. Wang RC, Wei Y, An Z, Zou Z, Xiao G et al. (2012) Akt-mediated regulation of autophagy and tumorigenesis through Beclin 1 phosphorylation. Science 338: 956-959. doi:10.1126/science.1225967. PubMed: 23112296.
13. White E (2012) Deconvoluting the context-dependent role for autophagy in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 12: 401-410. doi:10.1038/nrc3262. PubMed: 22534666.
14. Liu B, Bao JK, Yang JM, Cheng Y (2013) Targeting autophagic pathways for cancer drug discovery. Chin J Cancer, 32: 113-20. PubMed: 22835386.
15. Liang XH, Kleeman LK, Jiang HH, Gordon G, Goldman JE et al. (1998) Protection against fatal Sindbis virus encephalitis by beclin, a novel Bcl-2-interacting protein. J Virol 72: 8586-8596. PubMed: 9765397. (Pubitemid 28471796)
16. Yue Z, Jin S, Yang C, Levine AJ, Heintz N (2003) Beclin 1, an autophagy gene essential for early embryonic development, is a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100: 15077-15082. doi:10.1073/pnas. 2436255100. PubMed: 14657337. (Pubitemid 37518019)
17. Cliby W, Ritland S, Hartmann L, Dodson M, Halling KC et al. (1993) Human epithelial ovarian cancer allelotype. Cancer Res 53: 2393-2398. PubMed: 8485726. (Pubitemid 23156830)
18. Gao X, Zacharek A, Salkowski A, Grignon DJ, Sakr W et al. (1995) Loss of heterozygosity of the BRCA1 and other loci on chromosome 17q in human prostate cancer. Cancer Res 55: 1002-1005. PubMed: 7866981.
19. Saito H, Inazawa J, Saito S, Kasumi F, Koi S et al. (1993) Detailed deletion mapping of chromosome 17q in ovarian and breast cancers: 2-cM region on 17q21.3 often and commonly deleted in tumors. Cancer Res 53: 3382-3385. PubMed: 8100738. (Pubitemid 23223313)
20. Apel A, Herr I, Schwarz H, Rodemann HP, Mayer A (2008) Blocked autophagy sensitizes resistant carcinoma cells to radiation therapy. Cancer Res 68: 1485-1494. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-0562. PubMed: 18316613. (Pubitemid 351346857)
21. Huang S, Jia K, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Levine B (2012) Autophagy genes function in apoptotic cell corpse clearance during C. elegans embryonic development. Autophagy 9.
22. Shi YH, Ding ZB, Zhou J, Qiu SJ, Fan J (2009) Prognostic significance of Beclin 1-dependent apoptotic activity in hepatocellular carcinoma. Autophagy 5: 380-382. doi:10.4161/auto.5.3.7658. PubMed: 19145109.
23. Pirtoli L, Cevenini G, Tini P, Vannini M, Oliveri G et al. (2009) The prognostic role of Beclin 1 protein expression in high-grade gliomas. Autophagy 5: 930-936. doi:10.4161/auto.5.7.9227. PubMed: 19556884.
24. Myung Park J, Huang S, Wu TT, Foster NR, Sinicrope FA (2013) Prognostic impact of Beclin, p62/sequestosome 1 and LC3 protein expression in colon carcinomas from patients receiving 5-fluorouracil as adjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer Biol Ther 14: 1-4. p. 1
25. Zhou WH, Tang F, Xu J, Wu X, Yang SB et al. (2012) Low expression of Beclin 1, associated with high Bcl-xL, predicts a malignant phenotype and poor prognosis of gastric cancer. Autophagy 8: 389-400. doi:10.4161/auto.18641. PubMed: 22240664.
26. Dong LW, Hou YJ, Tan YX, Tang L, Pan YF et al. (2011) Prognostic significance of Beclin 1 in intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma. Autophagy 7: 1222-1229. doi:10.4161/auto.7.10.16610. PubMed: 21654208.
27. Wu XY, Chen J, Cao QH, Dong M, Lin Q et al. (2013) Beclin 1 activation enhances chemosensitivity and predicts a favorable outcome for primary duodenal adenocarcinoma. Tumour Biol, 34: 713-22. PubMed: 23225331.
28. Fan XJ, Wan XB, Huang Y, Cai HM, Fu XH et al. (2012) Epithelial- mesenchymal transition biomarkers and support vector machine guided model in preoperatively predicting regional lymph node metastasis for rectal cancer. Br J Cancer 106: 1735-1741. doi:10.1038/bjc.2012.82. PubMed: 22538975.
29. Wan XB, Zhao Y, Fan XJ, Cai HM, Zhang Y et al. (2012) Molecular prognostic prediction for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma by support vector machine integrated approach. PLOS ONE 7: e31989. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0031989. PubMed: 22427815.
30. He C, Levine B (2010) The Beclin 1 interactome. Curr Opin Cell Biol 22: 140-149. doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2010.01.001. PubMed: 20097051.
31. Levine B, Mizushima N, Virgin HW (2011) Autophagy in immunity and inflammation. Nature 469: 323-335. doi:10.1038/nature09782. PubMed: 21248839.
32. Wan XB, Fan XJ, Chen MY, Xiang J, Huang PY et al. (2010) Elevated Beclin 1 expression is correlated with HIF-1alpha in predicting poor prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Autophagy 6: 395-404. doi:10.4161/auto.6.3.11303. PubMed: 20150769.
33. Schoenlein PV, Periyasamy-Thandavan S, Samaddar JS, Jackson WH, Barrett JT (2009) Autophagy facilitates the progression of ERalpha-positive breast cancer cells to antiestrogen resistance. Autophagy 5: 400-403. doi:10.4161/auto.5.3.7784. PubMed: 19221464.
34. Kim KW, Hwang M, Moretti L, Jaboin JJ, Cha YI et al. (2008) Autophagy upregulation by inhibitors of caspase-3 and mTOR enhances radiotherapy in a mouse model of lung cancer. Autophagy 4: 659-668. PubMed: 18424912.
35. Edge SB, Byrd DR, Compton CC, Fritz AG, Greene FL et al. (2010) AJCC cancer staging manual (7th ed). New York: Springer; .
36. Chen Y, Lu Y, Lu C, Zhang L (2009) Beclin-1 expression is a predictor of clinical outcome in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and correlated to hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha expression. Pathol Oncol Res 15: 487-493. doi:10.1007/s12253-008-9143-8. PubMed: 19130303.
37. Tyson GL, El-Serag HB (2011) Risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatology 54: 173-184. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.08.004. PubMed: 21488076.
38. Lee SJ, Kim HP, Jin Y, Choi AM, Ryter SW (2011) Beclin 1 deficiency is associated with increased hypoxia-induced angiogenesis. Autophagy 7: 829-839. doi:10.4161/auto.7.8.15598. PubMed: 21685724.
39. Korkmaz G, le Sage C, Tekirdag KA, Agami R, Gozuacik D (2012) miR-376b controls starvation and mTOR inhibition-related autophagy by targeting ATG4C and BECN1. Autophagy 8: 165-176. doi:10.4161/auto.8.2.18351. PubMed: 22248718.
40. Luo S, Garcia-Arencibia M, Zhao R, Puri C, Toh PP et al. (2012) Bim inhibits autophagy by recruiting Beclin 1 to microtubules. Mol Cell 47: 359-370. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2012.05.040. PubMed: 22742832.
41. Kang R, Zeh HJ, Lotze MT, Tang D (2011) The Beclin 1 network regulates autophagy and apoptosis. Cell Death Differ 18: 571-580. doi:10.1038/cdd.2010. 191. PubMed: 21311563.
42. Jung KH, Noh JH, Kim JK, Eun JW, Bae HJ et al. (2012) Histone deacetylase 6 functions as a tumor suppressor by activating c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase-mediated beclin 1-dependent autophagic cell death in liver cancer. Hepatology 56: 644-657. doi:10.1002/hep.25699. PubMed: 22392728.
43. Fimia GM, Stoykova A, Romagnoli A, Giunta L, Di Bartolomeo S et al. (2007) Ambra1 regulates autophagy and development of the nervous system. Nature 447: 1121-1125. PubMed: 17589504. (Pubitemid 47014434)
44. Takahashi Y, Coppola D, Matsushita N, Cualing HD, Sun M et al. (2007) Bif-1 interacts with Beclin 1 through UVRAG and regulates autophagy and tumorigenesis. Nat Cell Biol 9: 1142-1151. doi:10.1038/ncb1634. PubMed: 17891140. (Pubitemid 47500490)
45. Sun Q, Fan W, Chen K, Ding X, Chen S et al. (2008) Identification of Barkor as a mammalian autophagy-specific factor for Beclin 1 and class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105: 19211-19216. doi:10.1073/pnas.0810452105. PubMed: 19050071.
46. Chen YB, Hou JH, Feng XY, Chen S, Zhou ZW et al. (2012) Decreased expression of Beclin 1 correlates with a metastatic phenotypic feature and adverse prognosis of gastric carcinomas. J Surg Oncol 105: 542-547. doi:10.1002/jso.22151. PubMed: 22095667.
47. Cheng HY, Zhang YN, Wu QL, Sun XM, Sun JR et al. (2012) Expression of beclin 1, an autophagy-related protein, in human cervical carcinoma and its clinical significance. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 33: 15-20. PubMed: 22439399.
48. Kim HS, Lee SH, Do SI, Lim SJ, Park YK et al. (2011) Clinicopathologic correlation of beclin-1 expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 207: 247-252. doi:10.1016/j.prp.2011.02.007. PubMed: 21420796.
49. Koukourakis MI, Giatromanolaki A, Sivridis E, Pitiakoudis M, Gatter KC et al. (2010) Beclin 1 over- and underexpression in colorectal cancer: distinct patterns relate to prognosis and tumour hypoxia. Br J Cancer 103: 1209-1214. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6605904. PubMed: 20842118.