메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 13, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 655-667

Raynaud's phenomenon: From molecular pathogenesis to therapy

Author keywords

Autoantibodies; Connective tissue disease; Raynaud's phenomenon; Smooth muscle cells; Systemic sclerosis; Targeted therapy

Indexed keywords

AMBRISENTAN; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; AUTOANTIBODY; BOSENTAN; BUFLOMEDIL; CALCITONIN GENE RELATED PEPTIDE; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CILOSTAZOL; DIHYDROPYRIDINE; ENDOTHELIN RECEPTOR; FASUDIL; FLUOXETINE; GLYCERYL TRINITRATE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; ILOPROST; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; MQX 503; NEUROKININ A; NIFEDIPINE; QUINAPRIL; SEROTONIN; SILDENAFIL; SUBSTANCE P; TADALAFIL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VARDENAFIL;

EID: 84896546898     PISSN: 15689972     EISSN: 18730183     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2013.12.001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (89)

References (178)
  • 1
    • 0343134557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology and classification of the vibration white finger
    • Noel B. Pathophysiology and classification of the vibration white finger. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2000, 73:150-155.
    • (2000) Int Arch Occup Environ Health , vol.73 , pp. 150-155
    • Noel, B.1
  • 2
    • 0026768527 scopus 로고
    • Vascular toxicity associated with antineoplastic agents
    • Doll D.C., Yarbro J.W. Vascular toxicity associated with antineoplastic agents. Semin Oncol 1992, 19:580-596.
    • (1992) Semin Oncol , vol.19 , pp. 580-596
    • Doll, D.C.1    Yarbro, J.W.2
  • 4
    • 84864625242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of Raynaud phenomenon
    • Herrick A.L. The pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of Raynaud phenomenon. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2012, 8:469-479.
    • (2012) Nat Rev Rheumatol , vol.8 , pp. 469-479
    • Herrick, A.L.1
  • 5
    • 0037179578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice. Raynaud's Phenomenon
    • Wigley F.M. Clinical practice. Raynaud's Phenomenon. N Engl J Med 2002, 347:1001-1008.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.347 , pp. 1001-1008
    • Wigley, F.M.1
  • 6
    • 33947330899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The diagnosis and treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon: a practical approach
    • Pope J.E. The diagnosis and treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon: a practical approach. Drugs 2007, 67:517-525.
    • (2007) Drugs , vol.67 , pp. 517-525
    • Pope, J.E.1
  • 7
    • 47249092325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic model based on nailfold capillaroscopy for identifying Raynaud's phenomenon patients at high risk for the development of a scleroderma spectrum disorder: PRINCE (prognostic index for nailfold capillaroscopic examination)
    • Ingegnoli F., Boracchi P., Gualtierotti R., Lubatti C., Meani L., Zahalkova L., et al. Prognostic model based on nailfold capillaroscopy for identifying Raynaud's phenomenon patients at high risk for the development of a scleroderma spectrum disorder: PRINCE (prognostic index for nailfold capillaroscopic examination). Arthritis Rheum 2008, 58:2174-2182.
    • (2008) Arthritis Rheum , vol.58 , pp. 2174-2182
    • Ingegnoli, F.1    Boracchi, P.2    Gualtierotti, R.3    Lubatti, C.4    Meani, L.5    Zahalkova, L.6
  • 8
    • 17244372490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incidence and natural history of Raynaud's phenomenon in the community
    • Suter L.G., Murabito J.M., Felson D.T., Fraenkel L. The incidence and natural history of Raynaud's phenomenon in the community. Arthritis Rheum 2005, 52:1259-1263.
    • (2005) Arthritis Rheum , vol.52 , pp. 1259-1263
    • Suter, L.G.1    Murabito, J.M.2    Felson, D.T.3    Fraenkel, L.4
  • 9
    • 33746499012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raynaud's phenomenon: prevalence in an Italian population sample
    • De Angelis R., Salaffi F., Grassi W. Raynaud's phenomenon: prevalence in an Italian population sample. Clin Rheumatol 2006, 25:506-510.
    • (2006) Clin Rheumatol , vol.25 , pp. 506-510
    • De Angelis, R.1    Salaffi, F.2    Grassi, W.3
  • 10
    • 0032968141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different factors influencing the expression of Raynaud's phenomenon in men and women
    • Fraenkel L., Zhang Y., Chaisson C.E., Maricq H.R., Evans S.R., Brand F., et al. Different factors influencing the expression of Raynaud's phenomenon in men and women. Arthritis Rheum 1999, 42:306-310.
    • (1999) Arthritis Rheum , vol.42 , pp. 306-310
    • Fraenkel, L.1    Zhang, Y.2    Chaisson, C.E.3    Maricq, H.R.4    Evans, S.R.5    Brand, F.6
  • 11
    • 77949431466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The minimally important difference and patient acceptable symptom state for the Raynaud's condition score in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon in a large randomised controlled clinical trial
    • Khanna P.P., Maranian P., Gregory J., Khanna D. The minimally important difference and patient acceptable symptom state for the Raynaud's condition score in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon in a large randomised controlled clinical trial. Ann Rheum Dis 2010, 69:588-591.
    • (2010) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.69 , pp. 588-591
    • Khanna, P.P.1    Maranian, P.2    Gregory, J.3    Khanna, D.4
  • 13
    • 84858450790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of gender and organ specific autoimmunity
    • Nussinovitch U., Shoenfeld Y. The role of gender and organ specific autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev 2012, 11:A377-A385.
    • (2012) Autoimmun Rev , vol.11
    • Nussinovitch, U.1    Shoenfeld, Y.2
  • 14
    • 33847363052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking, alcohol consumption, and Raynaud's phenomenon in middle age
    • Suter L.G., Murabito J.M., Felson D.T., Fraenkel L. Smoking, alcohol consumption, and Raynaud's phenomenon in middle age. Am J Med 2007, 120:264-271.
    • (2007) Am J Med , vol.120 , pp. 264-271
    • Suter, L.G.1    Murabito, J.M.2    Felson, D.T.3    Fraenkel, L.4
  • 15
    • 67649660073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Digital ulcers: overt vascular disease in systemic sclerosis
    • iii19-iii24
    • Steen V., Denton C.P., Pope J.E., Matucci-Cerinic M. Digital ulcers: overt vascular disease in systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2009, 48(Suppl. 3):iii19-iii24.
    • (2009) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.48 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Steen, V.1    Denton, C.P.2    Pope, J.E.3    Matucci-Cerinic, M.4
  • 17
    • 78349250176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel COL4A1 mutations associated with HANAC syndrome: a role for the triple helical CB3[IV] domain
    • Plaisier E., Chen Z., Gekeler F., Benhassine S., Dahan K., Marro B., et al. Novel COL4A1 mutations associated with HANAC syndrome: a role for the triple helical CB3[IV] domain. Am J Med Genet A 2010, 152A:2550-2555.
    • (2010) Am J Med Genet A , vol.152 A , pp. 2550-2555
    • Plaisier, E.1    Chen, Z.2    Gekeler, F.3    Benhassine, S.4    Dahan, K.5    Marro, B.6
  • 18
    • 21244444661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of Raynaud's phenomenon
    • Herrick A.L. Pathogenesis of Raynaud's phenomenon. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2005, 44:587-596.
    • (2005) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.44 , pp. 587-596
    • Herrick, A.L.1
  • 19
    • 33748654917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology and clinical consequences of Raynaud's phenomenon related to systemic sclerosis
    • iii33-iii35
    • Sunderkotter C., Riemekasten G. Pathophysiology and clinical consequences of Raynaud's phenomenon related to systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006, 45(Suppl. 3):iii33-iii35.
    • (2006) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.45 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Sunderkotter, C.1    Riemekasten, G.2
  • 20
    • 84896547488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raynaud's syndrome and upper extremities small artery occlusive diseases
    • Marcell Dekker, Inc, New York
    • Edwards J.M., Taylor L.M., Porter J.M., Hobson, Wilson, Veith Raynaud's syndrome and upper extremities small artery occlusive diseases. Vascular surgery: principle and practise 2004, 903-912. Marcell Dekker, Inc, New York.
    • (2004) Vascular surgery: principle and practise , pp. 903-912
    • Edwards, J.M.1    Taylor, L.M.2    Porter, J.M.3    Hobson, W.V.4
  • 21
    • 85048354147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Images in clinical medicine. Lingual Raynaud's phenomenon
    • Katada Y., Tanaka T. Images in clinical medicine. Lingual Raynaud's phenomenon. N Engl J Med 2012, 366:e12.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.366
    • Katada, Y.1    Tanaka, T.2
  • 22
    • 77950634411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thumb involvement in Raynaud's phenomenon as an indicator of underlying connective tissue disease
    • Chikura B., Moore T., Manning J., Vail A., Herrick A.L. Thumb involvement in Raynaud's phenomenon as an indicator of underlying connective tissue disease. J Rheumatol 2010, 37:783-786.
    • (2010) J Rheumatol , vol.37 , pp. 783-786
    • Chikura, B.1    Moore, T.2    Manning, J.3    Vail, A.4    Herrick, A.L.5
  • 23
    • 77749298326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional vascular diseases: Raynaud's syndrome, acrocyanosis and erythromelalgia
    • Heidrich H. Functional vascular diseases: Raynaud's syndrome, acrocyanosis and erythromelalgia. Vasa 2010, 39:33-41.
    • (2010) Vasa , vol.39 , pp. 33-41
    • Heidrich, H.1
  • 24
    • 0028071884 scopus 로고
    • Primary Raynaud's phenomenon. Age of onset and pathogenesis in a prospective study of 424 patients
    • Planchon B., Pistorius M.A., Beurrier P., De F.P. Primary Raynaud's phenomenon. Age of onset and pathogenesis in a prospective study of 424 patients. Angiology 1994, 45:677-686.
    • (1994) Angiology , vol.45 , pp. 677-686
    • Planchon, B.1    Pistorius, M.A.2    Beurrier, P.3    De, F.P.4
  • 25
    • 0029978505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Familial aggregation of primary Raynaud's disease
    • Freedman R.R., Mayes M.D. Familial aggregation of primary Raynaud's disease. Arthritis Rheum 1996, 39:1189-1191.
    • (1996) Arthritis Rheum , vol.39 , pp. 1189-1191
    • Freedman, R.R.1    Mayes, M.D.2
  • 26
    • 0026714852 scopus 로고
    • Raynaud's phenomenon: a proposal for classification
    • LeRoy E.C., Medsger T.A. Raynaud's phenomenon: a proposal for classification. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1992, 10:485-488.
    • (1992) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.10 , pp. 485-488
    • LeRoy, E.C.1    Medsger, T.A.2
  • 27
    • 0025219545 scopus 로고
    • Early detection of connective tissue disease in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon
    • Kallenberg C.G. Early detection of connective tissue disease in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1990, 16:11-30.
    • (1990) Rheum Dis Clin North Am , vol.16 , pp. 11-30
    • Kallenberg, C.G.1
  • 28
    • 77954186831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Digital ulcers in scleroderma: staging, characteristics and sub-setting through observation of 1614 digital lesions
    • Amanzi L., Braschi F., Fiori G., Galluccio F., Miniati I., Guiducci S., et al. Digital ulcers in scleroderma: staging, characteristics and sub-setting through observation of 1614 digital lesions. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010, 49:1374-1382.
    • (2010) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.49 , pp. 1374-1382
    • Amanzi, L.1    Braschi, F.2    Fiori, G.3    Galluccio, F.4    Miniati, I.5    Guiducci, S.6
  • 29
    • 31144471309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Digital ulcers in patients with systemic sclerosis
    • Chung L., Fiorentino D. Digital ulcers in patients with systemic sclerosis. Autoimmun Rev 2006, 5:125-128.
    • (2006) Autoimmun Rev , vol.5 , pp. 125-128
    • Chung, L.1    Fiorentino, D.2
  • 31
    • 84863857123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update on the profile of the EUSTAR cohort: an analysis of the EULAR Scleroderma Trials and Research group database
    • Meier F.M., Frommer K.W., Dinser R., Walker U.A., Czirjak L., Denton C.P., et al. Update on the profile of the EUSTAR cohort: an analysis of the EULAR Scleroderma Trials and Research group database. Ann Rheum Dis 2012, 71:1355-1360.
    • (2012) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.71 , pp. 1355-1360
    • Meier, F.M.1    Frommer, K.W.2    Dinser, R.3    Walker, U.A.4    Czirjak, L.5    Denton, C.P.6
  • 32
    • 23444442524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raynaud's phenomenon in mixed connective tissue disease
    • [vi]
    • Grader-Beck T., Wigley F.M. Raynaud's phenomenon in mixed connective tissue disease. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2005, 31:465-481. [vi].
    • (2005) Rheum Dis Clin North Am , vol.31 , pp. 465-481
    • Grader-Beck, T.1    Wigley, F.M.2
  • 33
    • 40649126170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and immunologic manifestations of mixed connective tissue disease in a Miami population compared to a Midwestern US Caucasian population
    • Maldonado M.E., Perez M., Pignac-Kobinger J., Marx E.T., Tozman E.M., Greidinger E.L., et al. Clinical and immunologic manifestations of mixed connective tissue disease in a Miami population compared to a Midwestern US Caucasian population. J Rheumatol 2008, 35:429-437.
    • (2008) J Rheumatol , vol.35 , pp. 429-437
    • Maldonado, M.E.1    Perez, M.2    Pignac-Kobinger, J.3    Marx, E.T.4    Tozman, E.M.5    Greidinger, E.L.6
  • 34
    • 77954074375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disease activity and damage accrual during the early disease course in a multinational inception cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Nossent J., Kiss E., Rozman B., Pokorny G., Vlachoyiannopoulos P., Olesinska M., et al. Disease activity and damage accrual during the early disease course in a multinational inception cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2010, 19:949-956.
    • (2010) Lupus , vol.19 , pp. 949-956
    • Nossent, J.1    Kiss, E.2    Rozman, B.3    Pokorny, G.4    Vlachoyiannopoulos, P.5    Olesinska, M.6
  • 35
    • 67849101678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Undifferentiated connective tissue disease: a seven-center cross-sectional study of 184 patients
    • Vaz C.C., Couto M., Medeiros D., Miranda L., Costa J., Nero P., et al. Undifferentiated connective tissue disease: a seven-center cross-sectional study of 184 patients. Clin Rheumatol 2009, 28:915-921.
    • (2009) Clin Rheumatol , vol.28 , pp. 915-921
    • Vaz, C.C.1    Couto, M.2    Medeiros, D.3    Miranda, L.4    Costa, J.5    Nero, P.6
  • 36
    • 57349190187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The temporal relationship of Raynaud's phenomenon and features of connective tissue disease in rheumatoid arthritis
    • Pope J.E., Al-Bishri J., Al-Azem H., Ouimet J.M. The temporal relationship of Raynaud's phenomenon and features of connective tissue disease in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 2008, 35:2329-2333.
    • (2008) J Rheumatol , vol.35 , pp. 2329-2333
    • Pope, J.E.1    Al-Bishri, J.2    Al-Azem, H.3    Ouimet, J.M.4
  • 37
    • 0036229097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raynaud's phenomenon in primary Sjogren's syndrome. Prevalence and clinical characteristics in a series of 320 patients
    • Garcia-Carrasco M., Siso A., Ramos-Casals M., Rosas J., de la R.G., Gil V., et al. Raynaud's phenomenon in primary Sjogren's syndrome. Prevalence and clinical characteristics in a series of 320 patients. J Rheumatol 2002, 29:726-730.
    • (2002) J Rheumatol , vol.29 , pp. 726-730
    • Garcia-Carrasco, M.1    Siso, A.2    Ramos-Casals, M.3    Rosas, J.4    de la, R.G.5    Gil, V.6
  • 38
    • 84867901723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scleroderma pattern of nailfold capillary changes as predictive value for the development of a connective tissue disease: a follow-up study of 3,029 patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon
    • Pavlov-Dolijanovic S., Damjanov N.S., Stojanovic R.M., Vujasinovic Stupar N.Z., Stanisavljevic D.M. Scleroderma pattern of nailfold capillary changes as predictive value for the development of a connective tissue disease: a follow-up study of 3,029 patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon. Rheumatol Int 2012, 32:3039-3045.
    • (2012) Rheumatol Int , vol.32 , pp. 3039-3045
    • Pavlov-Dolijanovic, S.1    Damjanov, N.S.2    Stojanovic, R.M.3    Vujasinovic Stupar, N.Z.4    Stanisavljevic, D.M.5
  • 39
    • 57349116070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoantibodies and microvascular damage are independent predictive factors for the progression of Raynaud's phenomenon to systemic sclerosis: a twenty-year prospective study of 586 patients, with validation of proposed criteria for early systemic sclerosis
    • Koenig M., Joyal F., Fritzler M.J., Roussin A., Abrahamowicz M., Boire G., et al. Autoantibodies and microvascular damage are independent predictive factors for the progression of Raynaud's phenomenon to systemic sclerosis: a twenty-year prospective study of 586 patients, with validation of proposed criteria for early systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Rheum 2008, 58:3902-3912.
    • (2008) Arthritis Rheum , vol.58 , pp. 3902-3912
    • Koenig, M.1    Joyal, F.2    Fritzler, M.J.3    Roussin, A.4    Abrahamowicz, M.5    Boire, G.6
  • 40
    • 78049385493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving outcome prediction of systemic sclerosis from isolated Raynaud's phenomenon: role of autoantibodies and nail-fold capillaroscopy
    • Ingegnoli F., Boracchi P., Gualtierotti R., Biganzoli E.M., Zeni S., Lubatti C., et al. Improving outcome prediction of systemic sclerosis from isolated Raynaud's phenomenon: role of autoantibodies and nail-fold capillaroscopy. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010, 49:797-805.
    • (2010) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.49 , pp. 797-805
    • Ingegnoli, F.1    Boracchi, P.2    Gualtierotti, R.3    Biganzoli, E.M.4    Zeni, S.5    Lubatti, C.6
  • 41
    • 34247388871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of nailfold capillaroscopy by ×30 digital epiluminescence (dermoscopy) in patients with Raynaud phenomenon
    • Beltran E., Toll A., Pros A., Carbonell J., Pujol R.M. Assessment of nailfold capillaroscopy by ×30 digital epiluminescence (dermoscopy) in patients with Raynaud phenomenon. Br J Dermatol 2007, 156:892-898.
    • (2007) Br J Dermatol , vol.156 , pp. 892-898
    • Beltran, E.1    Toll, A.2    Pros, A.3    Carbonell, J.4    Pujol, R.M.5
  • 42
    • 62649152815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of patients with and without digital ulcers in systemic sclerosis: detection of possible risk factors
    • Sunderkotter C., Herrgott I., Bruckner C., Moinzadeh P., Pfeiffer C., Gerss J., et al. Comparison of patients with and without digital ulcers in systemic sclerosis: detection of possible risk factors. Br J Dermatol 2009, 160:835-843.
    • (2009) Br J Dermatol , vol.160 , pp. 835-843
    • Sunderkotter, C.1    Herrgott, I.2    Bruckner, C.3    Moinzadeh, P.4    Pfeiffer, C.5    Gerss, J.6
  • 43
    • 78649315195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension from REVEAL: identifying systemic sclerosis as a unique phenotype
    • Chung L., Liu J., Parsons L., Hassoun P.M., McGoon M., Badesch D.B., et al. Characterization of connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension from REVEAL: identifying systemic sclerosis as a unique phenotype. Chest 2010, 138:1383-1394.
    • (2010) Chest , vol.138 , pp. 1383-1394
    • Chung, L.1    Liu, J.2    Parsons, L.3    Hassoun, P.M.4    McGoon, M.5    Badesch, D.B.6
  • 44
    • 84859772546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus: current status and future direction
    • Dhala A. Pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus: current status and future direction. Clin Dev Immunol 2012, 2012:854941.
    • (2012) Clin Dev Immunol , vol.2012 , pp. 854941
    • Dhala, A.1
  • 45
    • 79954447011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous vasculitis in systemic lupus erythematosus: association with anti-ribosomal P protein antibody and Raynaud phenomenon
    • Shinjo S.K., Bonfa E. Cutaneous vasculitis in systemic lupus erythematosus: association with anti-ribosomal P protein antibody and Raynaud phenomenon. Clin Rheumatol 2011, 30:173-177.
    • (2011) Clin Rheumatol , vol.30 , pp. 173-177
    • Shinjo, S.K.1    Bonfa, E.2
  • 46
    • 77956257895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous manifestations and serological findings in 260 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Gronhagen C.M., Gunnarsson I., Svenungsson E., Nyberg F. Cutaneous manifestations and serological findings in 260 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2010, 19:1187-1194.
    • (2010) Lupus , vol.19 , pp. 1187-1194
    • Gronhagen, C.M.1    Gunnarsson, I.2    Svenungsson, E.3    Nyberg, F.4
  • 47
    • 74549164196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and serologic correlations and autoantibody clusters in systemic lupus erythematosus: a retrospective review of 917 patients in South China
    • Tang X., Huang Y., Deng W., Tang L., Weng W., Zhang X. Clinical and serologic correlations and autoantibody clusters in systemic lupus erythematosus: a retrospective review of 917 patients in South China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2010, 89:62-67.
    • (2010) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.89 , pp. 62-67
    • Tang, X.1    Huang, Y.2    Deng, W.3    Tang, L.4    Weng, W.5    Zhang, X.6
  • 50
    • 84857117208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors and comorbidities associated with central nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: a retrospective cross-sectional case-control study from a single center
    • Padovan M., Castellino G., Bortoluzzi A., Caniatti L., Trotta F., Govoni M. Factors and comorbidities associated with central nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: a retrospective cross-sectional case-control study from a single center. Rheumatol Int 2012, 32:129-135.
    • (2012) Rheumatol Int , vol.32 , pp. 129-135
    • Padovan, M.1    Castellino, G.2    Bortoluzzi, A.3    Caniatti, L.4    Trotta, F.5    Govoni, M.6
  • 51
    • 84883773564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A subset of systemic sclerosis but not of systemic lupus erythematosus is defined by isolated anti-Ku autoantibodies
    • Cavazzana I., Fredi M., Taraborelli M., Quinzanini M., Tincani A., Franceschini F. A subset of systemic sclerosis but not of systemic lupus erythematosus is defined by isolated anti-Ku autoantibodies. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2013, 31:118-121.
    • (2013) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.31 , pp. 118-121
    • Cavazzana, I.1    Fredi, M.2    Taraborelli, M.3    Quinzanini, M.4    Tincani, A.5    Franceschini, F.6
  • 52
    • 0036176685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scleroderma-like nailfold capillaroscopic abnormalities are associated with anti-U1-RNP antibodies and Raynaud's phenomenon in SLE patients
    • Furtado R.N., Pucinelli M.L., Cristo V.V., Andrade L.E., Sato E.I. Scleroderma-like nailfold capillaroscopic abnormalities are associated with anti-U1-RNP antibodies and Raynaud's phenomenon in SLE patients. Lupus 2002, 11:35-41.
    • (2002) Lupus , vol.11 , pp. 35-41
    • Furtado, R.N.1    Pucinelli, M.L.2    Cristo, V.V.3    Andrade, L.E.4    Sato, E.I.5
  • 53
    • 79954434925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship with antiphospholipid antibodies and severe disease outcome
    • Cefle A., Inanc M., Sayarlioglu M., Kamali S., Gul A., Ocal L., et al. Pulmonary hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship with antiphospholipid antibodies and severe disease outcome. Rheumatol Int 2011, 31:183-189.
    • (2011) Rheumatol Int , vol.31 , pp. 183-189
    • Cefle, A.1    Inanc, M.2    Sayarlioglu, M.3    Kamali, S.4    Gul, A.5    Ocal, L.6
  • 54
    • 41949124968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lupus nephritis and Raynaud's phenomenon are significant risk factors for vascular thrombosis in SLE patients with positive antiphospholipid antibodies
    • Choojitarom K., Verasertniyom O., Totemchokchyakarn K., Nantiruj K., Sumethkul V., Janwityanujit S. Lupus nephritis and Raynaud's phenomenon are significant risk factors for vascular thrombosis in SLE patients with positive antiphospholipid antibodies. Clin Rheumatol 2008, 27:345-351.
    • (2008) Clin Rheumatol , vol.27 , pp. 345-351
    • Choojitarom, K.1    Verasertniyom, O.2    Totemchokchyakarn, K.3    Nantiruj, K.4    Sumethkul, V.5    Janwityanujit, S.6
  • 55
    • 77952920291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical analysis of systemic lupus erythematosus with gastrointestinal manifestations
    • Xu D., Yang H., Lai C.C., Li P., Zhang X., Yang X.O., et al. Clinical analysis of systemic lupus erythematosus with gastrointestinal manifestations. Lupus 2010, 19:866-869.
    • (2010) Lupus , vol.19 , pp. 866-869
    • Xu, D.1    Yang, H.2    Lai, C.C.3    Li, P.4    Zhang, X.5    Yang, X.O.6
  • 56
    • 84857118137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for avascular bone necrosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Sayarlioglu M., Yuzbasioglu N., Inanc M., Kamali S., Cefle A., Karaman O., et al. Risk factors for avascular bone necrosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int 2012, 32:177-182.
    • (2012) Rheumatol Int , vol.32 , pp. 177-182
    • Sayarlioglu, M.1    Yuzbasioglu, N.2    Inanc, M.3    Kamali, S.4    Cefle, A.5    Karaman, O.6
  • 57
    • 70349514872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, risk factors and outcome of digital gangrene in 2684 lupus patients
    • Liu A., Zhang W., Tian X., Zhang X., Zhang F., Zeng X. Prevalence, risk factors and outcome of digital gangrene in 2684 lupus patients. Lupus 2009, 18:1112-1118.
    • (2009) Lupus , vol.18 , pp. 1112-1118
    • Liu, A.1    Zhang, W.2    Tian, X.3    Zhang, X.4    Zhang, F.5    Zeng, X.6
  • 58
    • 84904747335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe pulmonary hypertension as the initial manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report and review of the literature
    • [[Epub ahead of print]. PM:24351505;
    • Prete M., Fatone M.C., Vacca A., Racanelli V., Perosa F. Severe pulmonary hypertension as the initial manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report and review of the literature. Clin Exp Rheumatol Dec.16 2013, [[Epub ahead of print]. PM:24351505; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24351505?dopt=Citation].
    • (2013) Clin Exp Rheumatol
    • Prete, M.1    Fatone, M.C.2    Vacca, A.3    Racanelli, V.4    Perosa, F.5
  • 59
    • 0031691811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The predictive value of quantitative nailfold capillary microscopy in patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease
    • Ohtsuka T., Tamura T., Yamakage A., Yamazaki S. The predictive value of quantitative nailfold capillary microscopy in patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease. Br J Dermatol 1998, 139:622-629.
    • (1998) Br J Dermatol , vol.139 , pp. 622-629
    • Ohtsuka, T.1    Tamura, T.2    Yamakage, A.3    Yamazaki, S.4
  • 60
    • 17544373498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raynaud's phenomenon in undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD)
    • De Angelis R., Cerioni A., Del Medico P., Blasetti P. Raynaud's phenomenon in undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD). Clin Rheumatol 2005, 24:145-151.
    • (2005) Clin Rheumatol , vol.24 , pp. 145-151
    • De Angelis, R.1    Cerioni, A.2    Del Medico, P.3    Blasetti, P.4
  • 61
    • 84886627049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Undifferentiated connective tissue disease in a rheumatology center in Cali, Colombia: clinical features of 94 patients followed for a year
    • Guerrero L.F., Rueda J.C., Arciniegas R., Rueda J.M. Undifferentiated connective tissue disease in a rheumatology center in Cali, Colombia: clinical features of 94 patients followed for a year. Rheumatol Int 2013, 33:1085-1088.
    • (2013) Rheumatol Int , vol.33 , pp. 1085-1088
    • Guerrero, L.F.1    Rueda, J.C.2    Arciniegas, R.3    Rueda, J.M.4
  • 62
    • 33746653708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis: results of a university hospital of 526 patients in Turkey
    • Calguneri M., Ureten K., Akif O.M., Onat A.M., Ertenli I., Kiraz S., et al. Extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis: results of a university hospital of 526 patients in Turkey. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2006, 24:305-308.
    • (2006) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.24 , pp. 305-308
    • Calguneri, M.1    Ureten, K.2    Akif, O.M.3    Onat, A.M.4    Ertenli, I.5    Kiraz, S.6
  • 65
    • 70449624163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon-gamma is increased in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome and Raynaud's phenomenon
    • Willeke P., Schluter B., Schotte H., Domschke W., Gaubitz M., Becker H. Interferon-gamma is increased in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome and Raynaud's phenomenon. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2009, 39:197-202.
    • (2009) Semin Arthritis Rheum , vol.39 , pp. 197-202
    • Willeke, P.1    Schluter, B.2    Schotte, H.3    Domschke, W.4    Gaubitz, M.5    Becker, H.6
  • 66
    • 34548678641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary arterial hypertension: a rare complication of primary Sjogren syndrome: report of 9 new cases and review of the literature
    • Launay D., Hachulla E., Hatron P.Y., Jais X., Simonneau G., Humbert M. Pulmonary arterial hypertension: a rare complication of primary Sjogren syndrome: report of 9 new cases and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2007, 86:299-315.
    • (2007) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.86 , pp. 299-315
    • Launay, D.1    Hachulla, E.2    Hatron, P.Y.3    Jais, X.4    Simonneau, G.5    Humbert, M.6
  • 67
    • 63349088803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case of MCTD overlapped by Takayasu's arteritis, presenting Raynaud's phenomenon as the initial manifestation of both diseases
    • Lim M.J., Kwon S.R., Kim S.G., Park W. A case of MCTD overlapped by Takayasu's arteritis, presenting Raynaud's phenomenon as the initial manifestation of both diseases. Rheumatol Int 2009, 29:685-688.
    • (2009) Rheumatol Int , vol.29 , pp. 685-688
    • Lim, M.J.1    Kwon, S.R.2    Kim, S.G.3    Park, W.4
  • 68
    • 0141743568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Buerger's disease in the 21st century: diagnosis, clinical features, and therapy
    • Mills J.L. Buerger's disease in the 21st century: diagnosis, clinical features, and therapy. Semin Vasc Surg 2003, 16:179-189.
    • (2003) Semin Vasc Surg , vol.16 , pp. 179-189
    • Mills, J.L.1
  • 69
    • 80052588406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association of Raynaud's syndrome with rheumatoid arthritis-a meta-analysis
    • Hartmann P., Mohokum M., Schlattmann P. The association of Raynaud's syndrome with rheumatoid arthritis-a meta-analysis. Clin Rheumatol 2011, 30:1013-1019.
    • (2011) Clin Rheumatol , vol.30 , pp. 1013-1019
    • Hartmann, P.1    Mohokum, M.2    Schlattmann, P.3
  • 70
    • 0031032175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raynaud's phenomenon
    • Belch J. Raynaud's phenomenon. Cardiovasc Res 1997, 33:25-30.
    • (1997) Cardiovasc Res , vol.33 , pp. 25-30
    • Belch, J.1
  • 71
    • 0043031048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thoracic outlet syndrome-aspects of diagnosis in the differential diagnosis of hand-arm vibration syndrome
    • Cooke R.A. Thoracic outlet syndrome-aspects of diagnosis in the differential diagnosis of hand-arm vibration syndrome. Occup Med (Lond) 2003, 53:331-336.
    • (2003) Occup Med (Lond) , vol.53 , pp. 331-336
    • Cooke, R.A.1
  • 72
    • 14544307528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calciphylaxis in a patient with POEMS syndrome without renal failure and/or hyperparathyroidism. A case report
    • De Roma I., Filotico R., Cea M., Procaccio P., Perosa F. Calciphylaxis in a patient with POEMS syndrome without renal failure and/or hyperparathyroidism. A case report. Ann Ital Med Int 2004, 19:283-287.
    • (2004) Ann Ital Med Int , vol.19 , pp. 283-287
    • De Roma, I.1    Filotico, R.2    Cea, M.3    Procaccio, P.4    Perosa, F.5
  • 74
    • 84863332808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association of Raynaud's syndrome with carpal tunnel syndrome: a meta-analysis
    • Hartmann P., Mohokum M., Schlattmann P. The association of Raynaud's syndrome with carpal tunnel syndrome: a meta-analysis. Rheumatol Int 2012, 32:569-574.
    • (2012) Rheumatol Int , vol.32 , pp. 569-574
    • Hartmann, P.1    Mohokum, M.2    Schlattmann, P.3
  • 75
    • 25444450761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclosporine-a treatment and a rare complication: Raynaud's phenomenon
    • Arinsoy T., Derici U., Yuksel A., Reis K.A., Sindel S. Cyclosporine-a treatment and a rare complication: Raynaud's phenomenon. Int J Clin Pract 2005, 59:863-864.
    • (2005) Int J Clin Pract , vol.59 , pp. 863-864
    • Arinsoy, T.1    Derici, U.2    Yuksel, A.3    Reis, K.A.4    Sindel, S.5
  • 76
    • 84866402500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association of Raynaud syndrome with beta-blockers: a meta-analysis
    • Mohokum M., Hartmann P., Schlattmann P. The association of Raynaud syndrome with beta-blockers: a meta-analysis. Angiology 2012, 63:535-540.
    • (2012) Angiology , vol.63 , pp. 535-540
    • Mohokum, M.1    Hartmann, P.2    Schlattmann, P.3
  • 77
    • 84874814884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bleomycin-induced Raynaud's phenomenon after single-dose exposure: risk factors and treatment with intravenous iloprost infusion
    • McGrath S.E., Webb A., Walker-Bone K. Bleomycin-induced Raynaud's phenomenon after single-dose exposure: risk factors and treatment with intravenous iloprost infusion. J Clin Oncol 2013, 31:e51-e52.
    • (2013) J Clin Oncol , vol.31
    • McGrath, S.E.1    Webb, A.2    Walker-Bone, K.3
  • 78
    • 0035938946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raynaud's phenomenon
    • Block J.A., Sequeira W. Raynaud's phenomenon. Lancet 2001, 357:2042-2048.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.357 , pp. 2042-2048
    • Block, J.A.1    Sequeira, W.2
  • 79
    • 0020607936 scopus 로고
    • Production of a novel neuropeptide encoded by the calcitonin gene via tissue-specific RNA processing
    • Rosenfeld M.G., Mermod J.J., Amara S.G., Swanson L.W., Sawchenko P.E., Rivier J., et al. Production of a novel neuropeptide encoded by the calcitonin gene via tissue-specific RNA processing. Nature 1983, 304:129-135.
    • (1983) Nature , vol.304 , pp. 129-135
    • Rosenfeld, M.G.1    Mermod, J.J.2    Amara, S.G.3    Swanson, L.W.4    Sawchenko, P.E.5    Rivier, J.6
  • 80
    • 72449175372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide in anterior and posterior horns of the spinal cord after brachial plexus injury
    • Chen L.J., Zhang F.G., Li J., Song H.X., Zhou L.B., Yao B.C., et al. Expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide in anterior and posterior horns of the spinal cord after brachial plexus injury. J Clin Neurosci 2010, 17:87-91.
    • (2010) J Clin Neurosci , vol.17 , pp. 87-91
    • Chen, L.J.1    Zhang, F.G.2    Li, J.3    Song, H.X.4    Zhou, L.B.5    Yao, B.C.6
  • 82
    • 62849124664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulating receptor function through RAMPs: can they represent drug targets in themselves?
    • Sexton P.M., Poyner D.R., Simms J., Christopoulos A., Hay D.L. Modulating receptor function through RAMPs: can they represent drug targets in themselves?. Drug Discov Today 2009, 14:413-419.
    • (2009) Drug Discov Today , vol.14 , pp. 413-419
    • Sexton, P.M.1    Poyner, D.R.2    Simms, J.3    Christopoulos, A.4    Hay, D.L.5
  • 83
    • 0029914596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcitonin gene-related peptide, endothelin-1, the cutaneous microvasculature and Raynaud's phenomenon
    • Bunker C.B., Goldsmith P.C., Leslie T.A., Hayes N., Foreman J.C., Dowd P.M. Calcitonin gene-related peptide, endothelin-1, the cutaneous microvasculature and Raynaud's phenomenon. Br J Dermatol 1996, 134:399-406.
    • (1996) Br J Dermatol , vol.134 , pp. 399-406
    • Bunker, C.B.1    Goldsmith, P.C.2    Leslie, T.A.3    Hayes, N.4    Foreman, J.C.5    Dowd, P.M.6
  • 85
    • 0025612061 scopus 로고
    • Local venomotor response to intravenous infusion of substance P and glyceryl trinitrate in systemic sclerosis
    • Matucci-Cerinic M., Pietrini U., Marabini S. Local venomotor response to intravenous infusion of substance P and glyceryl trinitrate in systemic sclerosis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1990, 8:561-565.
    • (1990) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.8 , pp. 561-565
    • Matucci-Cerinic, M.1    Pietrini, U.2    Marabini, S.3
  • 86
    • 0035860439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colocalization of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and neurokinin-1 receptor in striatal interneurons in the rat
    • Li J.L., Kaneko T., Mizuno N. Colocalization of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and neurokinin-1 receptor in striatal interneurons in the rat. Neurosci Lett 2001, 310:109-112.
    • (2001) Neurosci Lett , vol.310 , pp. 109-112
    • Li, J.L.1    Kaneko, T.2    Mizuno, N.3
  • 88
    • 0033534515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smooth muscle cells are the site of neurokinin-1 receptor localization in the arterial supply of the rat sciatic nerve
    • Kummer W., Shigemoto R., Haberberger R. Smooth muscle cells are the site of neurokinin-1 receptor localization in the arterial supply of the rat sciatic nerve. Neurosci Lett 1999, 259:119-122.
    • (1999) Neurosci Lett , vol.259 , pp. 119-122
    • Kummer, W.1    Shigemoto, R.2    Haberberger, R.3
  • 90
    • 0031283503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The tachykinin NK1 receptor. Part I: ligands and mechanisms of cellular activation
    • Quartara L., Maggi C.A. The tachykinin NK1 receptor. Part I: ligands and mechanisms of cellular activation. Neuropeptides 1997, 31:537-563.
    • (1997) Neuropeptides , vol.31 , pp. 537-563
    • Quartara, L.1    Maggi, C.A.2
  • 91
    • 0031594899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The tachykinin NK1 receptor. Part II: distribution and pathophysiological roles
    • Quartara L., Maggi C.A. The tachykinin NK1 receptor. Part II: distribution and pathophysiological roles. Neuropeptides 1998, 32:1-49.
    • (1998) Neuropeptides , vol.32 , pp. 1-49
    • Quartara, L.1    Maggi, C.A.2
  • 92
    • 0035172147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal responses to endothelial agonists in Raynaud's phenomenon and scleroderma
    • Freedman R.R., Girgis R., Mayes M.D. Abnormal responses to endothelial agonists in Raynaud's phenomenon and scleroderma. J Rheumatol 2001, 28:119-121.
    • (2001) J Rheumatol , vol.28 , pp. 119-121
    • Freedman, R.R.1    Girgis, R.2    Mayes, M.D.3
  • 93
    • 0032923519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired cholinergic dilator response of resistance arteries isolated from patients with Raynaud's disease
    • Smith P.J., Ferro C.J., McQueen D.S., Webb D.J. Impaired cholinergic dilator response of resistance arteries isolated from patients with Raynaud's disease. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1999, 47:507-513.
    • (1999) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.47 , pp. 507-513
    • Smith, P.J.1    Ferro, C.J.2    McQueen, D.S.3    Webb, D.J.4
  • 94
    • 84859703456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VPAC receptors: structure, molecular pharmacology and interaction with accessory proteins
    • Couvineau A., Laburthe M. VPAC receptors: structure, molecular pharmacology and interaction with accessory proteins. Br J Pharmacol 2012, 166:42-50.
    • (2012) Br J Pharmacol , vol.166 , pp. 42-50
    • Couvineau, A.1    Laburthe, M.2
  • 95
    • 34548480168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Class II G protein-coupled receptors for VIP and PACAP: structure, models of activation and pharmacology
    • Laburthe M., Couvineau A., Tan V. Class II G protein-coupled receptors for VIP and PACAP: structure, models of activation and pharmacology. Peptides 2007, 28:1631-1639.
    • (2007) Peptides , vol.28 , pp. 1631-1639
    • Laburthe, M.1    Couvineau, A.2    Tan, V.3
  • 97
    • 0025776548 scopus 로고
    • Image analysis quantification of peptide-immunoreactive nerves in the skin of patients with Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis
    • Terenghi G., Bunker C.B., Liu Y.F., Springall D.R., Cowen T., Dowd P.M., et al. Image analysis quantification of peptide-immunoreactive nerves in the skin of patients with Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis. J Pathol 1991, 164:245-252.
    • (1991) J Pathol , vol.164 , pp. 245-252
    • Terenghi, G.1    Bunker, C.B.2    Liu, Y.F.3    Springall, D.R.4    Cowen, T.5    Dowd, P.M.6
  • 98
    • 0036948251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vasoactive intestinal peptide binding autoantibodies in autoimmune humans and mice
    • Bangale Y., Cavill D., Gordon T., Planque S., Taguchi H., Bhatia G., et al. Vasoactive intestinal peptide binding autoantibodies in autoimmune humans and mice. Peptides 2002, 23:2251-2257.
    • (2002) Peptides , vol.23 , pp. 2251-2257
    • Bangale, Y.1    Cavill, D.2    Gordon, T.3    Planque, S.4    Taguchi, H.5    Bhatia, G.6
  • 99
    • 77951877716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphodiesterase inhibitors in the management of autoimmune disease
    • Shenoy P., Agarwal V. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors in the management of autoimmune disease. Autoimmun Rev 2010, 9:511-515.
    • (2010) Autoimmun Rev , vol.9 , pp. 511-515
    • Shenoy, P.1    Agarwal, V.2
  • 100
    • 0033624608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased alpha2-adrenergic constriction of isolated arterioles in diffuse scleroderma
    • Flavahan N.A., Flavahan S., Liu Q., Wu S., Tidmore W., Wiener C.M., et al. Increased alpha2-adrenergic constriction of isolated arterioles in diffuse scleroderma. Arthritis Rheum 2000, 43:1886-1890.
    • (2000) Arthritis Rheum , vol.43 , pp. 1886-1890
    • Flavahan, N.A.1    Flavahan, S.2    Liu, Q.3    Wu, S.4    Tidmore, W.5    Wiener, C.M.6
  • 101
    • 2642569161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rho kinase mediates cold-induced constriction of cutaneous arteries: role of alpha2C-adrenoceptor translocation
    • Bailey S.R., Eid A.H., Mitra S., Flavahan S., Flavahan N.A. Rho kinase mediates cold-induced constriction of cutaneous arteries: role of alpha2C-adrenoceptor translocation. Circ Res 2004, 94:1367-1374.
    • (2004) Circ Res , vol.94 , pp. 1367-1374
    • Bailey, S.R.1    Eid, A.H.2    Mitra, S.3    Flavahan, S.4    Flavahan, N.A.5
  • 104
    • 71049116861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating nerve growth factor in primary and secondary Raynaud's syndrome - results of a pilot study
    • Klein-Weigel P., Gutsche-Petrak B., Humpel C., Riemekasten G., Ivanov S., Heidrich H. Circulating nerve growth factor in primary and secondary Raynaud's syndrome - results of a pilot study. Vasa 2009, 38:39-45.
    • (2009) Vasa , vol.38 , pp. 39-45
    • Klein-Weigel, P.1    Gutsche-Petrak, B.2    Humpel, C.3    Riemekasten, G.4    Ivanov, S.5    Heidrich, H.6
  • 105
    • 0023959020 scopus 로고
    • The effect of cooling on in vitro vascular prostacyclin and platelet thromboxane A2 synthesis: relevance to cold-induced pathology
    • Jeremy J.Y., Mikhailidis D.P., Hutton R.A., Dandona P. The effect of cooling on in vitro vascular prostacyclin and platelet thromboxane A2 synthesis: relevance to cold-induced pathology. Microcirc Endothelium Lymphatics 1988, 4:3-20.
    • (1988) Microcirc Endothelium Lymphatics , vol.4 , pp. 3-20
    • Jeremy, J.Y.1    Mikhailidis, D.P.2    Hutton, R.A.3    Dandona, P.4
  • 106
    • 0037666993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased asymmetric dimethylarginine and endothelin 1 levels in secondary Raynaud's phenomenon: implications for vascular dysfunction and progression of disease
    • Rajagopalan S., Pfenninger D., Kehrer C., Chakrabarti A., Somers E., Pavlic R., et al. Increased asymmetric dimethylarginine and endothelin 1 levels in secondary Raynaud's phenomenon: implications for vascular dysfunction and progression of disease. Arthritis Rheum 2003, 48:1992-2000.
    • (2003) Arthritis Rheum , vol.48 , pp. 1992-2000
    • Rajagopalan, S.1    Pfenninger, D.2    Kehrer, C.3    Chakrabarti, A.4    Somers, E.5    Pavlic, R.6
  • 107
    • 33745929609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of endothelin-1 and selected cytokines in the pathogenesis of Raynaud's phenomenon associated with systemic connective tissue diseases
    • Rychlik-Golema W., Mastej K., Adamiec R. The role of endothelin-1 and selected cytokines in the pathogenesis of Raynaud's phenomenon associated with systemic connective tissue diseases. Int Angiol 2006, 25:221-227.
    • (2006) Int Angiol , vol.25 , pp. 221-227
    • Rychlik-Golema, W.1    Mastej, K.2    Adamiec, R.3
  • 108
    • 0027074852 scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning of human endothelin (ET) receptors ETA and ETB
    • Haendler B., Hechler U., Schleuning W.D. Molecular cloning of human endothelin (ET) receptors ETA and ETB. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1992, 20(Suppl. 12):S1-S4.
    • (1992) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.20 , Issue.SUPPL. 12
    • Haendler, B.1    Hechler, U.2    Schleuning, W.D.3
  • 109
    • 84861227481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular endothelin receptor type B: structure, function and dysregulation in vascular disease
    • Mazzuca M.Q., Khalil R.A. Vascular endothelin receptor type B: structure, function and dysregulation in vascular disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2012, 84:147-162.
    • (2012) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.84 , pp. 147-162
    • Mazzuca, M.Q.1    Khalil, R.A.2
  • 110
    • 0025000706 scopus 로고
    • Serum endothelin-1 concentrations and cold provocation in primary Raynaud's phenomenon
    • Zamora M.R., O'Brien R.F., Rutherford R.B., Weil J.V. Serum endothelin-1 concentrations and cold provocation in primary Raynaud's phenomenon. Lancet 1990, 336:1144-1147.
    • (1990) Lancet , vol.336 , pp. 1144-1147
    • Zamora, M.R.1    O'Brien, R.F.2    Rutherford, R.B.3    Weil, J.V.4
  • 111
    • 0030043877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum endothelin concentrations in workers exposed to vibration
    • Palmer K.T., Mason H. Serum endothelin concentrations in workers exposed to vibration. Occup Environ Med 1996, 53:118-124.
    • (1996) Occup Environ Med , vol.53 , pp. 118-124
    • Palmer, K.T.1    Mason, H.2
  • 112
    • 0028040486 scopus 로고
    • Localization of endothelin-1 and its binding sites in scleroderma skin
    • Vancheeswaran R., Azam A., Black C., Dashwood M.R. Localization of endothelin-1 and its binding sites in scleroderma skin. J Rheumatol 1994, 21:1268-1276.
    • (1994) J Rheumatol , vol.21 , pp. 1268-1276
    • Vancheeswaran, R.1    Azam, A.2    Black, C.3    Dashwood, M.R.4
  • 113
    • 67149146809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raynaud's phenomenon and plasma endothelin: correlations with capillaroscopic patterns in systemic sclerosis
    • Sulli A., Soldano S., Pizzorni C., Montagna P., Secchi M.E., Villaggio B., et al. Raynaud's phenomenon and plasma endothelin: correlations with capillaroscopic patterns in systemic sclerosis. J Rheumatol 2009, 36:1235-1239.
    • (2009) J Rheumatol , vol.36 , pp. 1235-1239
    • Sulli, A.1    Soldano, S.2    Pizzorni, C.3    Montagna, P.4    Secchi, M.E.5    Villaggio, B.6
  • 114
    • 77950604271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capillary dimension measured by computer-based digitalized image correlated with plasma endothelin-1 levels in patients with systemic sclerosis
    • Kim H.S., Park M.K., Kim H.Y., Park S.H. Capillary dimension measured by computer-based digitalized image correlated with plasma endothelin-1 levels in patients with systemic sclerosis. Clin Rheumatol 2010, 29:247-254.
    • (2010) Clin Rheumatol , vol.29 , pp. 247-254
    • Kim, H.S.1    Park, M.K.2    Kim, H.Y.3    Park, S.H.4
  • 115
    • 0032819565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelin-1 and endothelin receptor antagonists in cardiovascular remodeling
    • Kirchengast M., Munter K. Endothelin-1 and endothelin receptor antagonists in cardiovascular remodeling. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1999, 221:312-325.
    • (1999) Proc Soc Exp Biol Med , vol.221 , pp. 312-325
    • Kirchengast, M.1    Munter, K.2
  • 116
    • 33646830648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in vascular remodeling and inflammation: a clinical review
    • Duprez D.A. Role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in vascular remodeling and inflammation: a clinical review. J Hypertens 2006, 24:983-991.
    • (2006) J Hypertens , vol.24 , pp. 983-991
    • Duprez, D.A.1
  • 117
    • 0346458565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin II in the lesional skin of systemic sclerosis patients contributes to tissue fibrosis via angiotensin II type 1 receptors
    • Kawaguchi Y., Takagi K., Hara M., Fukasawa C., Sugiura T., Nishimagi E., et al. Angiotensin II in the lesional skin of systemic sclerosis patients contributes to tissue fibrosis via angiotensin II type 1 receptors. Arthritis Rheum 2004, 50:216-226.
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , pp. 216-226
    • Kawaguchi, Y.1    Takagi, K.2    Hara, M.3    Fukasawa, C.4    Sugiura, T.5    Nishimagi, E.6
  • 118
    • 2342609777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased tyrosine phosphorylation mediates the cooling-induced contraction and increased vascular reactivity of Raynaud's disease
    • Furspan P.B., Chatterjee S., Freedman R.R. Increased tyrosine phosphorylation mediates the cooling-induced contraction and increased vascular reactivity of Raynaud's disease. Arthritis Rheum 2004, 50:1578-1585.
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , pp. 1578-1585
    • Furspan, P.B.1    Chatterjee, S.2    Freedman, R.R.3
  • 120
    • 79961135014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased urotensin-II activity in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Buyukhatipoglu H., Buyukaslan H., Pehlivan Y., Ceylan N., Ulas T., Tarakcioglu M., et al. Increased urotensin-II activity in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic lupus erythematosus. Int J Rheum Dis 2011, 14:276-281.
    • (2011) Int J Rheum Dis , vol.14 , pp. 276-281
    • Buyukhatipoglu, H.1    Buyukaslan, H.2    Pehlivan, Y.3    Ceylan, N.4    Ulas, T.5    Tarakcioglu, M.6
  • 121
    • 33847348491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic sclerosis: a prototypic multisystem fibrotic disorder
    • Varga J., Abraham D. Systemic sclerosis: a prototypic multisystem fibrotic disorder. J Clin Invest 2007, 117:557-567.
    • (2007) J Clin Invest , vol.117 , pp. 557-567
    • Varga, J.1    Abraham, D.2
  • 122
    • 0032929924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of microvascular pericytes in autoimmune Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis
    • Rajkumar V.S., Sundberg C., Abraham D.J., Rubin K., Black C.M. Activation of microvascular pericytes in autoimmune Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Rheum 1999, 42:930-941.
    • (1999) Arthritis Rheum , vol.42 , pp. 930-941
    • Rajkumar, V.S.1    Sundberg, C.2    Abraham, D.J.3    Rubin, K.4    Black, C.M.5
  • 123
    • 84879240261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scleroderma Mesenchymal Stem Cells display a different phenotype from healthy controls; implications for regenerative medicine
    • Cipriani P., Marrelli A., Benedetto P.D., Liakouli V., Carubbi F., Ruscitti P., et al. Scleroderma Mesenchymal Stem Cells display a different phenotype from healthy controls; implications for regenerative medicine. Angiogenesis 2013, 16:595-607.
    • (2013) Angiogenesis , vol.16 , pp. 595-607
    • Cipriani, P.1    Marrelli, A.2    Benedetto, P.D.3    Liakouli, V.4    Carubbi, F.5    Ruscitti, P.6
  • 124
    • 17844378504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel fibrogenic pathways are activated in response to endothelial apoptosis: implications in the pathophysiology of systemic sclerosis
    • Laplante P., Raymond M.A., Gagnon G., Vigneault N., Sasseville A.M., Langelier Y., et al. Novel fibrogenic pathways are activated in response to endothelial apoptosis: implications in the pathophysiology of systemic sclerosis. J Immunol 2005, 174:5740-5749.
    • (2005) J Immunol , vol.174 , pp. 5740-5749
    • Laplante, P.1    Raymond, M.A.2    Gagnon, G.3    Vigneault, N.4    Sasseville, A.M.5    Langelier, Y.6
  • 126
    • 67449096835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of biomarkers of endothelium dysfunction and matrix remodeling in patients with systemic sclerosis
    • Blaise S., Maas R., Trocme C., Kom G.D., Roustit M., Carpentier P.H., et al. Correlation of biomarkers of endothelium dysfunction and matrix remodeling in patients with systemic sclerosis. J Rheumatol 2009, 36:984-988.
    • (2009) J Rheumatol , vol.36 , pp. 984-988
    • Blaise, S.1    Maas, R.2    Trocme, C.3    Kom, G.D.4    Roustit, M.5    Carpentier, P.H.6
  • 127
    • 0022912490 scopus 로고
    • Pathological changes observed in the finger biopsy of patients with vibration-induced white finger
    • Takeuchi T., Futatsuka M., Imanishi H., Yamada S. Pathological changes observed in the finger biopsy of patients with vibration-induced white finger. Scand J Work Environ Health 1986, 12:280-283.
    • (1986) Scand J Work Environ Health , vol.12 , pp. 280-283
    • Takeuchi, T.1    Futatsuka, M.2    Imanishi, H.3    Yamada, S.4
  • 129
    • 0030071159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Von Willebrand factor, thrombomodulin, thromboxane, beta-thromboglobulin and markers of fibrinolysis in primary Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis
    • Herrick A.L., Illingworth K., Blann A., Hay C.R., Hollis S., Jayson M.I. Von Willebrand factor, thrombomodulin, thromboxane, beta-thromboglobulin and markers of fibrinolysis in primary Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis 1996, 55:122-127.
    • (1996) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.55 , pp. 122-127
    • Herrick, A.L.1    Illingworth, K.2    Blann, A.3    Hay, C.R.4    Hollis, S.5    Jayson, M.I.6
  • 130
    • 0034769920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative roles of endothelial cell damage and platelet activation in primary Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) and RP secondary to systemic sclerosis
    • Silveri F., De A.R., Poggi A., Muti S., Bonapace G., Argentati F., et al. Relative roles of endothelial cell damage and platelet activation in primary Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) and RP secondary to systemic sclerosis. Scand J Rheumatol 2001, 30:290-296.
    • (2001) Scand J Rheumatol , vol.30 , pp. 290-296
    • Silveri, F.1    De, A.R.2    Poggi, A.3    Muti, S.4    Bonapace, G.5    Argentati, F.6
  • 131
    • 79953332135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma platelet-derived microparticles in patients with connective tissue diseases
    • Oyabu C., Morinobu A., Sugiyama D., Saegusa J., Tanaka S., Morinobu S., et al. Plasma platelet-derived microparticles in patients with connective tissue diseases. J Rheumatol 2011, 38:680-684.
    • (2011) J Rheumatol , vol.38 , pp. 680-684
    • Oyabu, C.1    Morinobu, A.2    Sugiyama, D.3    Saegusa, J.4    Tanaka, S.5    Morinobu, S.6
  • 134
    • 0026950415 scopus 로고
    • Tissue-type plasminogen activator and von Willebrand factor plasma levels as markers of endothelial involvement in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon
    • Marasini B., Cugno M., Bassani C., Stanzani M., Bottasso B., Agostoni A. Tissue-type plasminogen activator and von Willebrand factor plasma levels as markers of endothelial involvement in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon. Int J Microcirc Clin Exp 1992, 11:375-382.
    • (1992) Int J Microcirc Clin Exp , vol.11 , pp. 375-382
    • Marasini, B.1    Cugno, M.2    Bassani, C.3    Stanzani, M.4    Bottasso, B.5    Agostoni, A.6
  • 135
    • 0035098516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emerging problem of oxidative stress and the role of antioxidants in systemic sclerosis
    • Herrick A.L., Matucci C.M. The emerging problem of oxidative stress and the role of antioxidants in systemic sclerosis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2001, 19:4-8.
    • (2001) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.19 , pp. 4-8
    • Herrick, A.L.1    Matucci, C.M.2
  • 136
    • 0028026729 scopus 로고
    • Micronutrient antioxidant status in patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis
    • Herrick A.L., Rieley F., Schofield D., Hollis S., Braganza J.M., Jayson M.I. Micronutrient antioxidant status in patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis. J Rheumatol 1994, 21:1477-1483.
    • (1994) J Rheumatol , vol.21 , pp. 1477-1483
    • Herrick, A.L.1    Rieley, F.2    Schofield, D.3    Hollis, S.4    Braganza, J.M.5    Jayson, M.I.6
  • 137
    • 0037370038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current pathophysiological views on vibration-induced Raynaud's phenomenon
    • Stoyneva Z., Lyapina M., Tzvetkov D., Vodenicharov E. Current pathophysiological views on vibration-induced Raynaud's phenomenon. Cardiovasc Res 2003, 57:615-624.
    • (2003) Cardiovasc Res , vol.57 , pp. 615-624
    • Stoyneva, Z.1    Lyapina, M.2    Tzvetkov, D.3    Vodenicharov, E.4
  • 138
    • 0029098260 scopus 로고
    • Increased susceptibility to oxidation of low-density lipoproteins isolated from patients with systemic sclerosis
    • Bruckdorfer K.R., Hillary J.B., Bunce T., Vancheeswaran R., Black C.M. Increased susceptibility to oxidation of low-density lipoproteins isolated from patients with systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Rheum 1995, 38:1060-1067.
    • (1995) Arthritis Rheum , vol.38 , pp. 1060-1067
    • Bruckdorfer, K.R.1    Hillary, J.B.2    Bunce, T.3    Vancheeswaran, R.4    Black, C.M.5
  • 140
    • 0033857245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormalities of erythrocyte membrane fluidity, lipid composition, and lipid peroxidation in systemic sclerosis: evidence of free radical-mediated injury
    • Solans R., Motta C., Sola R., La Ville A.E., Lima J., Simeon P., et al. Abnormalities of erythrocyte membrane fluidity, lipid composition, and lipid peroxidation in systemic sclerosis: evidence of free radical-mediated injury. Arthritis Rheum 2000, 43:894-900.
    • (2000) Arthritis Rheum , vol.43 , pp. 894-900
    • Solans, R.1    Motta, C.2    Sola, R.3    La Ville, A.E.4    Lima, J.5    Simeon, P.6
  • 141
    • 0030827772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hemorheologic effects of hand-transmitted vibration
    • Greenstein D., Kester R.C. The hemorheologic effects of hand-transmitted vibration. Angiology 1997, 48:813-819.
    • (1997) Angiology , vol.48 , pp. 813-819
    • Greenstein, D.1    Kester, R.C.2
  • 142
    • 0026575126 scopus 로고
    • White blood cell activation in Raynaud's phenomenon of systemic sclerosis and vibration induced white finger syndrome
    • Lau C.S., O'Dowd A., Belch J.J. White blood cell activation in Raynaud's phenomenon of systemic sclerosis and vibration induced white finger syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 1992, 51:249-252.
    • (1992) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.51 , pp. 249-252
    • Lau, C.S.1    O'Dowd, A.2    Belch, J.J.3
  • 143
    • 33745042376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transition from primary Raynaud's phenomenon to secondary Raynaud's phenomenon identified by diagnosis of an associated disease: results of ten years of prospective surveillance
    • Hirschl M., Hirschl K., Lenz M., Katzenschlager R., Hutter H.P., Kundi M. Transition from primary Raynaud's phenomenon to secondary Raynaud's phenomenon identified by diagnosis of an associated disease: results of ten years of prospective surveillance. Arthritis Rheum 2006, 54:1974-1981.
    • (2006) Arthritis Rheum , vol.54 , pp. 1974-1981
    • Hirschl, M.1    Hirschl, K.2    Lenz, M.3    Katzenschlager, R.4    Hutter, H.P.5    Kundi, M.6
  • 144
    • 79957633257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoantibodies to intracellular antigens: generation and pathogenetic role
    • Racanelli V., Prete M., Musaraj G., Dammacco F., Perosa F. Autoantibodies to intracellular antigens: generation and pathogenetic role. Autoimmun Rev 2011, 10:503-508.
    • (2011) Autoimmun Rev , vol.10 , pp. 503-508
    • Racanelli, V.1    Prete, M.2    Musaraj, G.3    Dammacco, F.4    Perosa, F.5
  • 145
    • 50949088213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive value of antinuclear autoantibodies: the lessons of the systemic sclerosis autoantibodies
    • Koenig M., Dieude M., Senecal J.L. Predictive value of antinuclear autoantibodies: the lessons of the systemic sclerosis autoantibodies. Autoimmun Rev 2008, 7:588-593.
    • (2008) Autoimmun Rev , vol.7 , pp. 588-593
    • Koenig, M.1    Dieude, M.2    Senecal, J.L.3
  • 147
    • 77956618639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The immunodominant epitope of centromere-associated protein A displays homology with the transcription factor forkhead box E3 (FOXE3)
    • Perosa F., Vicenti C., Racanelli V., Leone P., Valentini G., Dammacco F. The immunodominant epitope of centromere-associated protein A displays homology with the transcription factor forkhead box E3 (FOXE3). Clin Immunol 2010, 137:60-73.
    • (2010) Clin Immunol , vol.137 , pp. 60-73
    • Perosa, F.1    Vicenti, C.2    Racanelli, V.3    Leone, P.4    Valentini, G.5    Dammacco, F.6
  • 148
    • 84876434895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoantibodies recognizing the amino terminal 1-17 segment of CENP-A display unique specificities in systemic sclerosis
    • Favoino E., Digiglio L., Cuomo G., Favia I.E., Racanelli V., Valentini G., et al. Autoantibodies recognizing the amino terminal 1-17 segment of CENP-A display unique specificities in systemic sclerosis. PLoS One 2013, 8:e61453.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8
    • Favoino, E.1    Digiglio, L.2    Cuomo, G.3    Favia, I.E.4    Racanelli, V.5    Valentini, G.6
  • 149
    • 36448974512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-fibroblast antibodies detected by cell-based ELISA in systemic sclerosis enhance the collagenolytic activity and matrix metalloproteinase-1 production in dermal fibroblasts
    • Fineschi S., Cozzi F., Burger D., Dayer J.M., Meroni P.L., Chizzolini C. Anti-fibroblast antibodies detected by cell-based ELISA in systemic sclerosis enhance the collagenolytic activity and matrix metalloproteinase-1 production in dermal fibroblasts. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007, 46:1779-1785.
    • (2007) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.46 , pp. 1779-1785
    • Fineschi, S.1    Cozzi, F.2    Burger, D.3    Dayer, J.M.4    Meroni, P.L.5    Chizzolini, C.6
  • 150
    • 0033758304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial cell apoptosis in systemic sclerosis is induced by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity via CD95
    • Sgonc R., Gruschwitz M.S., Boeck G., Sepp N., Gruber J., Wick G. Endothelial cell apoptosis in systemic sclerosis is induced by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity via CD95. Arthritis Rheum 2000, 43:2550-2562.
    • (2000) Arthritis Rheum , vol.43 , pp. 2550-2562
    • Sgonc, R.1    Gruschwitz, M.S.2    Boeck, G.3    Sepp, N.4    Gruber, J.5    Wick, G.6
  • 152
    • 66149100618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EULAR recommendations for the treatment of systemic sclerosis: a report from the EULAR Scleroderma Trials and Research group (EUSTAR)
    • Kowal-Bielecka O., Landewe R., Avouac J., Chwiesko S., Miniati I., Czirjak L., et al. EULAR recommendations for the treatment of systemic sclerosis: a report from the EULAR Scleroderma Trials and Research group (EUSTAR). Ann Rheum Dis 2009, 68:620-628.
    • (2009) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.68 , pp. 620-628
    • Kowal-Bielecka, O.1    Landewe, R.2    Avouac, J.3    Chwiesko, S.4    Miniati, I.5    Czirjak, L.6
  • 153
    • 79957870153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of metoprolol alone and combined metoprolol-felodipin on the digital microcirculation of patients with primary Raynaud's syndrome
    • Csiki Z., Garai I., Shemirani A.H., Papp G., Zsori K.S., Andras C., et al. The effect of metoprolol alone and combined metoprolol-felodipin on the digital microcirculation of patients with primary Raynaud's syndrome. Microvasc Res 2011, 82:84-87.
    • (2011) Microvasc Res , vol.82 , pp. 84-87
    • Csiki, Z.1    Garai, I.2    Shemirani, A.H.3    Papp, G.4    Zsori, K.S.5    Andras, C.6
  • 154
    • 0034794451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine
    • Coleiro B., Marshall S.E., Denton C.P., Howell K., Blann A., Welsh K.I., et al. Treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2001, 40:1038-1043.
    • (2001) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.40 , pp. 1038-1043
    • Coleiro, B.1    Marshall, S.E.2    Denton, C.P.3    Howell, K.4    Blann, A.5    Welsh, K.I.6
  • 155
    • 0036105780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Digital vascular response to topical glyceryl trinitrate, as measured by laser Doppler imaging, in primary Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis
    • Anderson M.E., Moore T.L., Hollis S., Jayson M.I., King T.A., Herrick A.L. Digital vascular response to topical glyceryl trinitrate, as measured by laser Doppler imaging, in primary Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2002, 41:324-328.
    • (2002) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.41 , pp. 324-328
    • Anderson, M.E.1    Moore, T.L.2    Hollis, S.3    Jayson, M.I.4    King, T.A.5    Herrick, A.L.6
  • 156
    • 61649118817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MQX-503, a novel formulation of nitroglycerin, improves the severity of Raynaud's phenomenon: a randomized, controlled trial
    • Chung L., Shapiro L., Fiorentino D., Baron M., Shanahan J., Sule S., et al. MQX-503, a novel formulation of nitroglycerin, improves the severity of Raynaud's phenomenon: a randomized, controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum 2009, 60:870-877.
    • (2009) Arthritis Rheum , vol.60 , pp. 870-877
    • Chung, L.1    Shapiro, L.2    Fiorentino, D.3    Baron, M.4    Shanahan, J.5    Sule, S.6
  • 157
    • 84887451338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multi-centre, blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled, laboratory-based study of MQX-503, a novel topical gel formulation of nitroglycerine, in patients with Raynaud phenomenon
    • Hummers L.K., Dugowson C.E., Dechow F.J., Wise R.A., Gregory J., Michalek J., et al. A multi-centre, blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled, laboratory-based study of MQX-503, a novel topical gel formulation of nitroglycerine, in patients with Raynaud phenomenon. Ann Rheum Dis 2013, 72:1962-1967.
    • (2013) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.72 , pp. 1962-1967
    • Hummers, L.K.1    Dugowson, C.E.2    Dechow, F.J.3    Wise, R.A.4    Gregory, J.5    Michalek, J.6
  • 158
    • 36049042221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of vascular damage in scleroderma and autoimmune Raynaud's phenomenon: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor quinapril
    • Gliddon A.E., Dore C.J., Black C.M., McHugh N., Moots R., Denton C.P., et al. Prevention of vascular damage in scleroderma and autoimmune Raynaud's phenomenon: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor quinapril. Arthritis Rheum 2007, 56:3837-3846.
    • (2007) Arthritis Rheum , vol.56 , pp. 3837-3846
    • Gliddon, A.E.1    Dore, C.J.2    Black, C.M.3    McHugh, N.4    Moots, R.5    Denton, C.P.6
  • 160
    • 84865682812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vardenafil for the treatment of Raynaud phenomenon: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study
    • Caglayan E., Axmann S., Hellmich M., Moinzadeh P., Rosenkranz S. Vardenafil for the treatment of Raynaud phenomenon: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. Arch Intern Med 2012, 172:1182-1184.
    • (2012) Arch Intern Med , vol.172 , pp. 1182-1184
    • Caglayan, E.1    Axmann, S.2    Hellmich, M.3    Moinzadeh, P.4    Rosenkranz, S.5
  • 161
    • 0033867915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term low molecular weight heparin therapy for severe Raynaud's phenomenon: a pilot study
    • Denton C.P., Howell K., Stratton R.J., Black C.M. Long-term low molecular weight heparin therapy for severe Raynaud's phenomenon: a pilot study. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2000, 18:499-502.
    • (2000) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.18 , pp. 499-502
    • Denton, C.P.1    Howell, K.2    Stratton, R.J.3    Black, C.M.4
  • 162
    • 14044261363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium channel blockers for primary Raynaud's phenomenon: a meta-analysis
    • Thompson A.E., Pope J.E. Calcium channel blockers for primary Raynaud's phenomenon: a meta-analysis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2005, 44:145-150.
    • (2005) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.44 , pp. 145-150
    • Thompson, A.E.1    Pope, J.E.2
  • 163
  • 164
    • 70450206401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial of tadalafil in Raynaud's phenomenon secondary to systemic sclerosis
    • Schiopu E., Hsu V.M., Impens A.J., Rothman J.A., McCloskey D.A., Wilson J.E., et al. Randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial of tadalafil in Raynaud's phenomenon secondary to systemic sclerosis. J Rheumatol 2009, 36:2264-2268.
    • (2009) J Rheumatol , vol.36 , pp. 2264-2268
    • Schiopu, E.1    Hsu, V.M.2    Impens, A.J.3    Rothman, J.A.4    McCloskey, D.A.5    Wilson, J.E.6
  • 165
    • 79953696248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modified-release sildenafil reduces Raynaud's phenomenon attack frequency in limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis
    • Herrick A.L., van den H.F., Gabrielli A., Tamimi N., Reid C., O'Connell D., et al. Modified-release sildenafil reduces Raynaud's phenomenon attack frequency in limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Rheum 2011, 63:775-782.
    • (2011) Arthritis Rheum , vol.63 , pp. 775-782
    • Herrick, A.L.1    van den, H.F.2    Gabrielli, A.3    Tamimi, N.4    Reid, C.5    O'Connell, D.6
  • 166
    • 0034881398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium-channel blockers for Raynaud's phenomenon in systemic sclerosis
    • Thompson A.E., Shea B., Welch V., Fenlon D., Pope J.E. Calcium-channel blockers for Raynaud's phenomenon in systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Rheum 2001, 44:1841-1847.
    • (2001) Arthritis Rheum , vol.44 , pp. 1841-1847
    • Thompson, A.E.1    Shea, B.2    Welch, V.3    Fenlon, D.4    Pope, J.E.5
  • 168
    • 54049137284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low versus high-dose iloprost therapy over 21days in patients with secondary Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis: a randomized, open, single-center study
    • Kawald A., Burmester G.R., Huscher D., Sunderkotter C., Riemekasten G. Low versus high-dose iloprost therapy over 21days in patients with secondary Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis: a randomized, open, single-center study. J Rheumatol 2008, 35:1830-1837.
    • (2008) J Rheumatol , vol.35 , pp. 1830-1837
    • Kawald, A.1    Burmester, G.R.2    Huscher, D.3    Sunderkotter, C.4    Riemekasten, G.5
  • 169
    • 33747839186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iloprost treatment in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon secondary to systemic sclerosis and the quality of life: a new therapeutic protocol
    • Milio G., Corrado E., Genova C., Amato C., Raimondi F., Almasio P.L., et al. Iloprost treatment in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon secondary to systemic sclerosis and the quality of life: a new therapeutic protocol. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006, 45:999-1004.
    • (2006) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.45 , pp. 999-1004
    • Milio, G.1    Corrado, E.2    Genova, C.3    Amato, C.4    Raimondi, F.5    Almasio, P.L.6
  • 170
    • 0034837756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of long-term cyclic iloprost therapy in systemic sclerosis with Raynaud's phenomenon. A randomized, controlled study
    • Scorza R., Caronni M., Mascagni B., Berruti V., Bazzi S., Micallef E., et al. Effects of long-term cyclic iloprost therapy in systemic sclerosis with Raynaud's phenomenon. A randomized, controlled study. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2001, 19:503-508.
    • (2001) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.19 , pp. 503-508
    • Scorza, R.1    Caronni, M.2    Mascagni, B.3    Berruti, V.4    Bazzi, S.5    Micallef, E.6
  • 171
    • 10444270963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Digital ulcers in systemic sclerosis: prevention by treatment with bosentan, an oral endothelin receptor antagonist
    • Korn J.H., Mayes M., Matucci C.M., Rainisio M., Pope J., Hachulla E., et al. Digital ulcers in systemic sclerosis: prevention by treatment with bosentan, an oral endothelin receptor antagonist. Arthritis Rheum 2004, 50:3985-3993.
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , pp. 3985-3993
    • Korn, J.H.1    Mayes, M.2    Matucci, C.M.3    Rainisio, M.4    Pope, J.5    Hachulla, E.6
  • 172
    • 78650678451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bosentan treatment of digital ulcers related to systemic sclerosis: results from the RAPIDS-2 randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Matucci-Cerinic M., Denton C.P., Furst D.E., Mayes M.D., Hsu V.M., Carpentier P., et al. Bosentan treatment of digital ulcers related to systemic sclerosis: results from the RAPIDS-2 randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis 2011, 70:32-38.
    • (2011) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.70 , pp. 32-38
    • Matucci-Cerinic, M.1    Denton, C.P.2    Furst, D.E.3    Mayes, M.D.4    Hsu, V.M.5    Carpentier, P.6
  • 173
    • 78649723957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bosentan improves skin perfusion of hands in patients with systemic sclerosis with pulmonary arterial hypertension
    • Rosato E., Molinaro I., Borghese F., Rossi C., Pisarri S., Salsano F. Bosentan improves skin perfusion of hands in patients with systemic sclerosis with pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Rheumatol 2010, 37:2531-2539.
    • (2010) J Rheumatol , vol.37 , pp. 2531-2539
    • Rosato, E.1    Molinaro, I.2    Borghese, F.3    Rossi, C.4    Pisarri, S.5    Salsano, F.6
  • 174
    • 78549284312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of tadalafil in secondary Raynaud's phenomenon resistant to vasodilator therapy: a double-blind randomized cross-over trial
    • Shenoy P.D., Kumar S., Jha L.K., Choudhary S.K., Singh U., Misra R., et al. Efficacy of tadalafil in secondary Raynaud's phenomenon resistant to vasodilator therapy: a double-blind randomized cross-over trial. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010, 49:2420-2428.
    • (2010) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.49 , pp. 2420-2428
    • Shenoy, P.D.1    Kumar, S.2    Jha, L.K.3    Choudhary, S.K.4    Singh, U.5    Misra, R.6
  • 176
    • 54049086247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins: potentially useful in therapy of systemic sclerosis-related Raynaud's phenomenon and digital ulcers
    • Abou-Raya A., Abou-Raya S., Helmii M. Statins: potentially useful in therapy of systemic sclerosis-related Raynaud's phenomenon and digital ulcers. J Rheumatol 2008, 35:1801-1808.
    • (2008) J Rheumatol , vol.35 , pp. 1801-1808
    • Abou-Raya, A.1    Abou-Raya, S.2    Helmii, M.3
  • 177
    • 70450252040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The treatment with N-acetylcysteine of Raynaud's phenomenon and ischemic ulcers therapy in sclerodermic patients: a prospective observational study of 50 patients
    • Rosato E., Borghese F., Pisarri S., Salsano F. The treatment with N-acetylcysteine of Raynaud's phenomenon and ischemic ulcers therapy in sclerodermic patients: a prospective observational study of 50 patients. Clin Rheumatol 2009, 28:1379-1384.
    • (2009) Clin Rheumatol , vol.28 , pp. 1379-1384
    • Rosato, E.1    Borghese, F.2    Pisarri, S.3    Salsano, F.4
  • 178
    • 84878150325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of ambrisentan in the treatment of digital ulcers in patients with systemic sclerosis: a preliminary study
    • Parisi S., Peroni C.L., Lagana A., Scarati M., Ambrogio F., Bruzzone M., et al. Efficacy of ambrisentan in the treatment of digital ulcers in patients with systemic sclerosis: a preliminary study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013, 52:1142-1144.
    • (2013) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.52 , pp. 1142-1144
    • Parisi, S.1    Peroni, C.L.2    Lagana, A.3    Scarati, M.4    Ambrogio, F.5    Bruzzone, M.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.