Characterisation and expression profile of the bovine cathelicidin gene repertoire in mammary tissue

BMC Genomics

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2014, Pages

  Whelehan, Cormac J ^a   Barry Reidy, Anne ^a   Meade, Kieran G ^b   Eckersall, P D ^c   Chapwanya, Aspinas ^d   Narciandi, Fernando ^a   Lloyd, Andrew T ^e   O'Farrelly, Cliona ^a  

^a TRINITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

^b GRANGE RESEARCH CENTRE   (Ireland)

^c UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA   (South Africa)

^e Ireland   (Ireland)

Author keywords

Cathelicidin; Gene cluster; Hidden Markov Model (HMM); Locus; Tissue expression

Indexed keywords

ANTIMICROBIAL CATIONIC PEPTIDE; CAP18 LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-BINDING PROTEIN; TRANSCRIPTOME;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMAL; BOVINAE; CHEMISTRY; CLASSIFICATION; FEMALE; GENETICS; METABOLISM; MICROBIOLOGY; MILK; MOLECULAR GENETICS; MULTIGENE FAMILY; PATHOGENICITY; PHYLOGENY; PROBABILITY; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; UDDER;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; ANTIMICROBIAL CATIONIC PEPTIDES; CATTLE; FEMALE; MAMMARY GLANDS, ANIMAL; MARKOV CHAINS; MILK; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; MULTIGENE FAMILY; PHYLOGENY; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; TRANSCRIPTOME;

EID: 84893666555     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14712164     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-128     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Uzzell T, Stolzenberg ED, Shinnar AE, Zasloff M. Hagfish intestinal antimicrobial peptides are ancient cathelicidins. Peptides 2003, 24:1655-1667. 10.1016/j.peptides.2003.08.024, 15019197.
2. Hao X, Yang H, Wei L, Yang S, Zhu W, Ma D, Yu H, Lai R. Amphibian cathelicidin fills the evolutionary gap of cathelicidin in vertebrate. Amino Acids 2012, 43:677-685. 10.1007/s00726-011-1116-7, 22009138.
3. Chang C-I, Pleguezuelos O, Zhang Y-A, Zou J, Secombes CJ. Identification of a novel cathelicidin gene in the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Infect Immun 2005, 73:5053-5064. 10.1128/IAI.73.8.5053-5064.2005, 1201231, 16041021.
4. Lynn DJ, Higgs R, Gaines S, Tierney J, James T, Lloyd AT, Fares MA, Mulcahy G, O'Farrelly C. Bioinformatic discovery and initial characterisation of nine novel antimicrobial peptide genes in the chicken. Immunogenetics 2004, 56:170-177. 10.1007/s00251-004-0675-0, 15148642.
5. Zhao H, Gan T-X, Liu X-D, Jin Y, Lee W-H, Shen J-H, Zhang Y. Identification and characterization of novel reptile cathelicidins from elapid snakes. Peptides 2008, 29:1685-1691. 10.1016/j.peptides.2008.06.008, 18620012.
6. Leonard BC, Chu H, Johns JL, Gallo RL, Moore PF, Marks SL, Bevins CL. Expression and activity of a novel cathelicidin from domestic cats. PLoS One 2011, 6:e18756. 10.1371/journal.pone.0018756, 3075274, 21533281.
7. Zanetti M. The role of cathelicidins in the innate host defenses of mammals. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2005, 7:179-196.
8. Brogden KA. Antimicrobial peptides: pore formers or metabolic inhibitors in bacteria?. Nat Rev Micro 2005, 3:238-250.
9. Lai Y, Gallo RL. AMPed up immunity: how antimicrobial peptides have multiple roles in immune defense. Trends Immunol 2009, 30:131-141. 10.1016/j.it.2008.12.003, 2765035, 19217824.
10. Wuerth K, Hancock REW. New insights into cathelicidin modulation of adaptive immunity. Eur J Immunol 2011, 41:2817-2819. 10.1002/eji.201142055, 21953640.
11. De Y, Chen Q, Schmidt AP, Anderson GM, Wang JM, Wooters J, Oppenheim JJ, Chertov O. LL-37, the neutrophil granule- and epithelial cell-derived cathelicidin, utilizes formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) as a receptor to chemoattract human peripheral blood neutrophils, monocytes, and T cells. J Exp Med 2000, 192:1069-1074. 10.1084/jem.192.7.1069, 2193321, 11015447.
12. Zanetti M, Gennaro R, Romeo D. Cathelicidins: a novel protein family with a common proregion and a variable C-terminal antimicrobial domain. FEBS Lett 1995, 374:1-5. 10.1016/0014-5793(95)01050-O, 7589491.
13. Ritonja A, Kopitar M, Jerala R, Turk V. Primary structure of a new cysteine proteinase inhibitor from pig leucocytes. FEBS Lett 1989, 255:211-214. 10.1016/0014-5793(89)81093-2, 2792375.
14. Zaiou M, Gallo RL. Cathelicidins, essential gene-encoded mammalian antibiotics. J Mol Med 2002, 80:549-561. 10.1007/s00109-002-0350-6, 12226737.
15. Tomasinsig L, Zanetti M. The cathelicidins- structure, function and evolution. Cur Protein Pept Sci 2005, 6:23-34.
16. Zanetti M. Cathelicidins, multifunctional peptides of the innate immunity. J Leukoc Biol 2004, 75:39-48.
17. Romeo D, Skerlavaj B, Bolognesi M, Gennaro R. Structure and bactericidal activity of an antibiotic dodecapeptide purified from bovine neutrophils. J Biol Chem 1988, 263:9573-9575.
18. Selsted ME, Novotny MJ, Morris WL, Tang YQ, Smith W, Cullor JS. Indolicidin, a novel bactericidal tridecapeptide amide from neutrophils. J Biol Chem 1992, 267:4292-4295.
19. van Abel RJ, Tang YQ, Rao VS, Dobbs CH, Tran D, Barany G, Selsted ME. Synthesis and characterization of indolicidin, a tryptophan-rich antimicrobial peptide from bovine neutrophils. Int J Pept Protein Res 1995, 45:401-409.
20. Zanetti M, Del Sal G, Storici P, Schneider C, Romeo D. The cDNA of the neutrophil antibiotic Bac5 predicts a pro-sequence homologous to a cysteine proteinase inhibitor that is common to other neutrophil antibiotics. J Biol Chem 1993, 268:522-526.
21. Gennaro R, Skerlavaj B, Romeo D. Purification, composition, and activity of two bactenecins, antibacterial peptides of bovine neutrophils. Infect Immun 1989, 57:3142-3146. 260782, 2777377.
22. Storici P, Del Sal G, Schneider C, Zanetti M. cDNA sequence analysis of an antibiotic dodecapeptide from neutrophils. FEBS Lett 1992, 314:187-190. 10.1016/0014-5793(92)80971-I, 1459251.
23. Scocchi M, Wang S, Zanetti M. Structural organization of the bovine cathelicidin gene family and identification of a novel member. FEBS Lett 1997, 417:311-315. 10.1016/S0014-5793(97)01310-0, 9409740.
24. Tomasinsig L, De Conti G, Skerlavaj B, Piccinini R, Mazzilli M, D'Este F, Tossi A, Zanetti M. Broad-spectrum activity against bacterial mastitis pathogens and activation of mammary epithelial cells support a protective role of neutrophil cathelicidins in bovine mastitis. Infect Immun 2010, 78:1781-1788. 10.1128/IAI.01090-09, 2849419, 20100862.
25. Di Nardo A, Vitiello A, Gallo RL. Cutting edge: mast cell antimicrobial activity is mediated by expression of cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide. J Immunol 2003, 170:2274-2278.
26. Agerberth B, Gunne H, Odeberg J, Kogner P, Boman HG, Gudmundsson GH. FALL-39, a putative human peptide antibiotic, is cysteine-free and expressed in bone marrow and testis. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1995, 92:195-199. 10.1073/pnas.92.1.195, 42844, 7529412.
27. Cowland JB, Johnsen AH, Borregaard N. hCAP-18, a cathelin/pro-bactenecin-like protein of human neutrophil specific granules. FEBS Lett 1995, 368:173-176. 10.1016/0014-5793(95)00634-L, 7615076.
28. Koon HW, Shih DQ, Chen J, Bakirtzi K, Hing TC, Law I, Ho S, Ichikawa R, Zhao D, Xu H, Gallo R, Dempsey P, Cheng G, Targan SR, Pothoulakis C. Cathelicidin Signaling via the Toll-like receptor protects against colitis in mice. Gastroenterology 2011, 141:1852.e3-1863.e3.
29. Murakami M, Lopez-Garcia B, Braff M, Dorschner RA, Gallo RL. Postsecretory processing generates multiple cathelicidins for enhanced topical antimicrobial defense. J Immunol 2004, 172:3070-3077.
30. Malm J, Sørensen O, Persson T, Frohm-Nilsson M, Johansson B, Bjartell A, Lilja H, Ståhle-Bäckdahl M, Borregaard N, Egesten A. The human cationic antimicrobial protein (hCAP-18) is expressed in the epithelium of human epididymis, is present in seminal plasma at high concentrations, and is attached to spermatozoa. Infect Immun 2000, 68:4297-4302. 10.1128/IAI.68.7.4297-4302.2000, 101750, 10858248.
31. Bals R, Wang X, Zasloff M, Wilson J. The peptide antibiotic LL-37/hCAP-18 is expressed in epithelia of the human lung where it has broad antimicrobial activity at the airway surface. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998, 95:9541-9546. 10.1073/pnas.95.16.9541, 21374, 9689116.
32. Hase K, Eckmann L, Leopard JD, Varki N, Kagnoff MF. Cell differentiation is a key determinant of cathelicidin LL-37/human cationic antimicrobial protein 18 expression by human colon epithelium. Infect Immun 2002, 70:953-963. 10.1128/IAI.70.2.953-963.2002, 127717, 11796631.
33. Murakami M, Dorschner R, Stern L, Lin K, Gallo R. Expression and secretion of cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides in murine mammary glands and human milk. Pediatr Res 2005, 57:10-15. 10.1203/01.PDR.0000148068.32201.50, 15531744.
34. Zasloff M. Defending the epithelium. Nature Med 2006, 12:607-608. 10.1038/nm0606-607, 16760999.
35. Sequencing TBG, Consortium A, Elsik CG, Tellam RL, Worley KC. The genome sequence of taurine cattle: a window to ruminant biology and evolution. Science 2009, 324:522-528. 2943200, 19390049.
36. Dawson HD, Loveland JE, Pascal G, Gilbert JGR, Uenishi H, Mann KM, Sang Y, Zhang J, Carvalho-Silva D, Hunt T, Hardy M, Hu Z, Zhao SH, Anselmo A, Shinkai H, Chen C, Badaoui B, Berman D, Amid C, Kay M, Lloyd D, Snow C, Morozumi T, Cheng RPY, Bystrom M, Kapetanovic R, Schwartz JC, Kataria R, Astley M, Fritz E, Steward C, Thomas M, Wilming L, Toki D, Archibald AL, Bed'Hom B, Beraldi D, Huang TH, Ait-Ali T, Blecha F, Botti S, Freeman TC, Giuffra E, Hume DA, Lunney JK, Murtaugh MP, Reecy JM, Harrow JL, Rogel-Gaillard C, Tuggle CK. Structural and functional annotation of the porcine immunome. BMC Genom 2013, 14:332.
37. Altschul S, Madden T, Schaffer A, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Miller W, Lipman D. Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res 1997, 25:3389-3402. 10.1093/nar/25.17.3389, 146917, 9254694.
38. Eddy SR. Profile hidden Markov models. Bioinformatics 1998, 14:755-763. 10.1093/bioinformatics/14.9.755, 9918945.
39. Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar S. MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol 2011, 28:2731-2739. 10.1093/molbev/msr121, 3203626, 21546353.
40. Childers CP, Reese JT, Sundaram JP, Vile DC, Dickens CM, Childs KL, Salih H, Bennett AK, Hagen DE, Adelson DL, Elsik CG. Bovine Genome Database: integrated tools for genome annotation and discovery. Nucleic Acids Res 2011, 39:D830-D834. 10.1093/nar/gkq1235, 3013744, 21123190.
41. Gennaro R, Scocchi M, Skerlavaj B, Tossi A, Romeo D. Synthetic approach to the identification of the antibacterial domain of bactenecins, Pro/Arg-rich peptides from bovine neutrophils. Peptides: Chemistry, Structure and Biology: Proceedings of the Thirteenth American Peptide Symposium: 20-25 June 1993; Edmonton 1994, 461-463. Leiden: ESCOM, Hodges RS, Smith JA.
42. Scocchi M, Wang S, Gennaro R, Zanetti M. Cloning and analysis of a transcript derived from two contiguous genes of the cathelicidin family. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998, 1398:393-396. 10.1016/S0167-4781(98)00076-1, 9655944.
43. Thomas L, Haider W, Hill A, Cook R. Pathologic findings of experimentally induced Streptococcus uberis infection in the mammary gland of cows. Am J Vet Res 1994, 55:1723.
44. Pryor SM, Smolenski GA, Wieliczko RJ, Broadhurst MK, Stelwagen K, Wheeler TT, Haigh BJ. Cathelicidin levels in milk from cows infected with a range of mastitis causing pathogens. Proc New Zeal Soc An 2010, 70:243-245.
45. Smolenski G, Wieliczko R, Pryor S, Broadhurst M, Wheeler T, Haigh B. The abundance of milk cathelicidin proteins during bovine mastitis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2011, 143:125-130. 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.06.034, 21774993.
46. Whelehan CJ, Meade KG, Eckersall DP, Young FJ, O'Farrelly C. Experimental Staphylococcus aureus infection of the mammary gland induces region-specific changes in innate immune gene expression. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2011, 140:181-189. 10.1016/j.vetimm.2010.11.013, 21292330.
47. Burge C, Karlin S. Prediction of complete gene structures in human genomic DNA. J Mol Biol 1997, 268:78-94. 10.1006/jmbi.1997.0951, 9149143.
48. Darriba D, Taboada GL, Doallo R, Posada D. jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing. Nat Methods 2012, 9:772.
49. Ulmer A, Scholz W, Ernst M, Brandt E, Flad HD. Isolation and subfractionation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by density gradient centrifugation on Percoll. Immunobiology 1984, 166:238-250. 10.1016/S0171-2985(84)80042-X, 6329947.
50. Eckersall PD, Young FJ, Nolan AM, Knight CH, McComb C, Waterston MM. Acute phase proteins in bovine milk in an experimental model of Staphylococcus aureus subclinical mastitis. J Dairy Sci 2006, 89:1488-1501. 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72216-0, 16606719.
51. Piepers S, De Vliegher S, Demeyere K, Lambrecht BN, de Kruif A, Opsomer G. Technical note: Flow cytometric identification of bovine milk neutrophils and simultaneous quantification of their viability. J Dairy Sci 2009, 92:626-631. 10.3168/jds.2008-1393, 19164674.
52. Schmittgen TD, Livak KJ. Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative C(T) method. Nat Protoc 2008, 3:1101-1108. 10.1038/nprot.2008.73, 18546601.
53. Vandesompele J, De Preter K, Pattyn F, Poppe B, Van Roy N, De Paepe A, Speleman F. Accurate normalization of real-time quantitative RT-PCR data by geometric averaging of multiple internal control genes. Genome Biol 2002, 3:7.