Late-Cenozoic relief evolution under evolving climate: A review

Tectonophysics

Volumn 614, Issue , 2014, Pages 44-65

  Champagnac, Jean Daniel ^a   Valla, Pierre G ^a,b   Herman, Frédéric ^b  

^a GEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Switzerland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LAUSANNE   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Climate change; Erosion; Glaciation; Landscape evolution; Relief; Topography

Indexed keywords

FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIP; GLACIATION; LANDSCAPE EVOLUTIONS; MEAN PRECIPITATION; METHODOLOGICAL TOOLS; PERIGLACIAL PROCESS; RELIEF; TERRESTRIAL COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES;

CLIMATE CHANGE; EROSION; GLACIAL GEOLOGY; TOPOGRAPHY;

STRESS RELIEF;

CENOZOIC; CLIMATE CHANGE; GLACIAL EROSION; GLACIATION; LANDSCAPE EVOLUTION; RELIEF; TECTONIC EVOLUTION;

EID: 84892997304     PISSN: 00401951     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2013.11.037     Document Type: Review

References (354)

1. Aalto R., Dunne T., Guyot J.-L. Geomorphic controls on Andean denudation rates. J. Geol. 2006, 114:85-99.
2. Abbott L.D., Silver E.A., Anderson R.S., Smith R., Ingle J.C., Kling S.A., Haig D., Small E., Galewsky J., Sliter W. Measurement of tectonic surface uplift rate in a young collisional mountain belt. Nature 1997, 385:501-507.
3. Ahnert F. Functional relationship between denudation, relief, and uplift in large mid-latitude drainage basins. Am. J. Sci. 1970, 268:243-263.
4. Ahnert F. Local relief and the height limits of mountain ranges. Am. J. Sci. 1984, 284:1035-1055.
5. Anders A.M., Mitchell S.G., Tomkin J.H. Cirques, peaks, and precipitation patterns in the Swiss Alps: connections among climate, glacial erosion, and topography. Quat. Res. 2010, 65:96-107.
6. Anderson R.S. Near-surface thermal profiles in Alpine bedrock: implications for the frost weathering of rock. Arct. Alp. Res. 1998, 30:362-372.
7. Anderson R.S. Modeling the tor-dotted crests, bedrock edges, and parabolic profiles of high alpine surfaces of the Wind River Range, Wyoming. Geomorphology 2002, 46:35-58.
8. Anderson R.S., Molnar P., Kessler M.A. Features of glacial valley profiles simply explained. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2006, 111.
9. Arsenault A.M., Meigs A.J. Contribution of deep-seated bedrock landslides to erosion of a glaciated basin in southern Alaska. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2005, 30:1111-1125.
10. Attal M., Lavé J. Change of Bedload Characteristic Along the Marsyandi River (cenral Nepal): Implication for Understanding Hillslope Sediment Supply, Sediment Load Evolution Along Fluvial Networks, and Denudation in Active Orogenic Belts. Geological Society of America, Boulder 2006, 143-171. S.D. Willett (Ed.).
11. Avdeev B., Niemi N.A., Clark M.K. Doing more with less: Bayesian estimation of erosion models with detrital thermochronometric data. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2011, 305:385-395.
12. Avouac J.P., Burov E.B. Erosion as a driving mechanism of intracontinental mountain growth. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 1996, 101:17747-17769.
13. Baldwin J.A., Whipple K.X., Tucker G.E. Implications of the shear stress river incision model for the timescale of postorogenic decay of topography. J. Geophys. Res. B Solid Earth 2003, 108.
14. Batt G.E., Braun J. On the thermomechanical evolution of compressional orogens. Geophys. J. Int. 1997, 128:364-382.
15. Beaudelaire C. L'invitation au Voyage, Les Fleurs du Mal. A. Poulet-Malassis & E. de Broise, Paris 1857.
16. Beaumont C., Fullsack P., Hamilton J. Erosional Control of Active Compressional Orogens. Thrust Tectonics 1992, 1-18. Chapman and Hall. K. McClay (Ed.).
17. Beaumont C., Jamieson R.A., Nguyen M.H., Lee B. Himalayan tectonics explained by extrusion of a low-viscosity crustal channel coupled to focused surface denudation. Nature 2001, 414:738-742.
18. Berger A.L., Gulick S.P.S., Spotila J.A., Upton P., Jaeger J.M., Chapman J.B., Worthington L.A., Pavlis T.L., Ridgway K.D., Willems B.A., McAleer R.J. Quaternary tectonic response to intensified glacial erosion in an orogenic wedge. Nat. Geosci. 2008, 1:793-799.
19. Bernet M., Brandon M., Garver J., Molitor B. Fundamental of zircon fission-tracks analysis for provenance and exhumation studies with examples from the European alps. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. 2004, 378:25-36.
20. Bettinelli P., Avouac J.P., Flouzat M., Bollinger L., Ramillien G., Rajaure S., Sapkota S. Seasonal variations of seismicity and geodetic strain in the Himalaya induced by surface hydrology. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2008, 266:332-344.
21. Beucher R., van der Beek P., Braun J., Batt G.E. Exhumation and relief development in the Pelvoux and Dora-Maira massifs (western Alps) assessed by spectral analysis and inversion of thermochronological age transects. J. Geophys. Res. 2012, 117.
22. Bierman P. Using in situ cosmogenic isotopes to estimate rates of landscape evolution: a review from the geomorphic perspective. J. Geophys. Res. B Solid Earth 1994, 99:13885-13896.
23. Bierman P.R., Caffee M.W. Slow rates of rock surface erosion and sediment production across the Namib Desert and escarpment, Southern Africa. Am. J. Sci. 2001, 301:326-358.
24. Bierman P.R., Albrecht A., Bothner M.H., Brown E.T., Bullen T.T., Gray L.B., Turpin L. Erosion, Weathering, and Sedimentation. Isotope Tracers in Catchment Hydrology 1998, 839. Elsevier. C. Kendall, J. McDonnell (Eds.).
25. Binnie S.A., Phillips W.M., Summerfield M.A., Fifield L.K. Tectonic uplift, threshold hillslopes, and denudation rates in a developing mountain range. Geology 2007, 35:743-746.
26. Birch F. Flow of heat in the Front Range, Colorado. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 1950, 61:567-630.
27. Bishop P. Long-term landscape evolution: Linking tectonics and surface processes. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2007, 32:329-365.
28. Bishop P., Brown R. Denudational isostatic rebound of intraplate highlands: the Lachlan River valley, Australia. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 1992, 17:345-360.
29. Bollinger L., Nicolas M., Marin S. Hydrological triggering of the seismicity around a salt diapir in Castellane, France. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 290:20-29.
30. Bond T.C., Doherty S.J., Fahey D.W., Forster P.M., Berntsen T., DeAngelo B.J., Flanner M.G., Ghan S., Kärcher B., Koch D., Kinne S., Kondo Y., Quinn P.K., Sarofim M.C., Schultz M.G., Schulz M., Venkataraman C., Zhang H., Zhang S., Bellouin N., Guttikunda S.K., Hopke P.K., Jacobson M.Z., Kaiser J.W., Klimont Z., Lohmann U., Schwarz J.P., Shindell D., Storelvmo T., Warren S.G., Zender C.S. Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: a scientific assessment. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 2013, 11:5380-5552.
31. Bonnet S., Crave A. Landscape response to climate change: insights from experimental modeling and implications for tectonic versus climatic uplift of topography. Geology 2003, 31:123-126.
32. Bonnet S., Guillocheau F., Brun J.-P., Van Den Driessche J. Large-scale relief development related to Quaternary tectonic uplift of a Proterozoic-Paleozoic basement: the Armorican Massif, NW France. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 2000, 105:19273-19288.
33. Bonnet C., Malavieille J., Mosar J. Interactions between tectonics, erosion, and sedimentation during the recent evolution of the Alpine orogen: Analogue modeling insights. Tectonics 2007, 26. (TC6016).
34. Braun J. Estimating exhumation rate and relief evolution by spectral analysis of age-elevation datasets. Terra Nova 2002, 14:210-214.
35. Braun J. Quantifying the effect of recent relief changes on age-elevation relationships. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2002, 200:331-343.
36. Braun J. Earth science: glaciers shield mountain tops. Nature 2010, 467:281-282.
37. Braun J., van der Beek P., Valla P., Robert X., Herman F., Glotzbach C., Pedersen V., Perry C., Simon-Labric T., Prigent C. Quantifying rates of landscape evolution and tectonic processes by thermochronology and numerical modeling of crustal heat transport using PECUBE. Tectonophysics 2012, 524-525:1-28.
38. Brewer I.D., Burbank D.W., Hodges K.V. Modelling detrital cooling-age populations: insights fromtwo Himalayan catchments. Basin Res. 2003, 15:305-320.
39. Bridgland D., Westaway R. Climatically controlled river terrace staircases: a worldwide Quaternary phenomenon. Geomorphology 2008, 98:285-315.
40. Briner J.P., Swanson T.W. Using inherited cosmogenic 36Cl to constrain glacial erosion rates of the Cordilleran ice sheet. Geology 1998, 26:3-6.
41. Brocklehurst S.H., Whipple K.X. Glacial erosion and relief production in the Eastern Sierra Nevada, California. Geomorphology 2002, 42:1-24.
42. Brocklehurst S.H., Whipple K.X. Hypsometry of glaciated landscapes. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2004, 29:907-926.
43. Brocklehurst S.H., Whipple K.X., Foster D. Ice thickness and topographic relief in glaciated landscapes of the western USA. Geomorphology 2008, 97:35-51.
44. Broecker W.S., Denton G.H. The role of ocean-atmosphere reorganizations in glacial cycles. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1989, 53:2465-2501.
45. Brown E.T., Stallard R.F., Larsen M.C., Raisbeck G.M., Yiou F. Denudation rates determined from the accumulation of in situ-produced 10Be in the luquillo experimental forest, Puerto Rico. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1995, 129:193-202.
46. Brozović N., Burbank D.W., Meigs A.J. Climatic limits on landscape development in the northwestern Himalaya. Science 1997, 276:571-574.
47. Bullard E. The disturbance of the temperature gradient in the earth's crust by inequalities of height. Geophys. J. Int. 1938, 4:360-362.
48. Burbank D.W., Leland J., Fielding E., Anderson R.S., Brozovic N., Reid M.R., Duncan C. Bedrock incision, rock uplift and threshold hillslopes in the Northwestern Himalayas. Nature 1996, 379:505-510.
49. Calais E., Freed A.M., Van Arsdale R., Stein S. Triggering of New Madrid seismicity by late-Pleistocene erosion. Nature 2010, 466:608-U602.
50. Carretier S., Regard V., Vassallo R., Aguilar G., Martinod J., Riquelme R., Pepin E., Charrier R., Hérail G., Farías M., Guyot J.L., Vargas G., Lagane C. Slope and climate variability control of erosion in the Andes of central Chile. Geology 2013, 41:195-198.
51. Cesca S., Dost B., Oth A. Preface to the special issue "Triggered and induced seismicity: probabilities and discrimination". J. Seismol. 2012, 17:1-4.
52. Champagnac J.-D., Molnar P., Anderson R.S., Sue C., Delacou B. Quaternary erosion-induced isostatic rebound in the western Alps. Geology 2007, 35:195-198.
53. Champagnac J.-D., van der Beek P., Diraison G., Dauphin S. Flexural isostatic response of the Alps to increased Quaternary erosion recorded by foreland basin remnants, SE France. Terra Nova 2008, 20:213-220.
54. Champagnac J.-D., Schlunegger F., Norton K., von Blanckenburg F., Abbühl L.M., Schwab M. Erosion-driven uplift of the modern Central Alps. Tectonophysics 2009, 474:236-249.
55. Champagnac J.-D., Molnar P., Sue C., Herman F. Tectonics, climate, and mountain topography. J. Geophys. Res. B Solid Earth 2012, 117.
56. Charlson R.J., Schwartz S.E., Hales J.M., Cess R.D., Coakley J.A., Hansen J.E., Hofmann D.J. Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols. Science 1992, 255:423-430.
57. Clapp E.M., Bierman P.R., Schick A.P., Lekach J., Enzel Y., Caffee M. Sediment yield exceeds sediment production in arid region drainage basins. Geology 2000, 28:995-998.
58. Clapp E.M., Bierman P.R., Nichols K.K., Pavich M., Caffee M. Rates of sediment supply to Arroyos from upland erosion determined using in situ produced cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al. Quat. Res. 2001, 55:235-245.
59. Clapp E.M., Bierman P.R., Caffee M. Using 10Be and 26Al to determine sediment generation rates and identify sediment source areas in an arid region drainage basin. Geomorphology 2002, 45:89-104.
60. Clark M.K., Maheo G., Saleeby J., Farley K.A. The Non-Equilibrium Landscape of the Southern Sierra Nevada 2005, Geological Society of America Today, California, (15).
61. Clark M.K., Royden L.H., Whipple K.X., Burchfiel B.C., Zhang X., Tang W. Use of a regional, relict landscape to measure vertical deformation of the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface 2006, 111. (F03002).
62. Clarke B.A., Burbank D.W. Bedrock fracturing, threshold hillslopes, and limits to the magnitude of bedrock landslides. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 297:577-586.
63. Clarke B.A., Burbank D.W. Quantifying bedrock-fracture patterns within the shallow subsurface: implications for rock mass strength, bedrock landslides, and erodibility. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface 2011, 116. (F04009).
64. Cook K.L., Whipple K.X., Heimsath A.M., Hanks T.C. Rapid incision of the Colorado River in Glen Canyon - insights from channel profiles, local incision rates, and modeling of lithologic controls. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2009, 34:994-1010.
65. Cox P.M., Betts R.A., Jones C.D., Spall S.A., Totterdell I.J. Acceleration of global warming due to carbon-cycle feedbacks in a coupled climate model. Nature 2000, 408:184-187.
66. Dadson S.J., Hovius N., Chen H., Dade W.B., Hsieh M.L., Willett S.D., Hu J.C., Horng M.J., Chen M.C., Stark C.P., Lague D., Lin J.C. Links between erosion, runoff variability and seismicity in the Taiwan orogen. Nature 2003, 426:648-651.
67. Dahlen F.A., Suppe J. Mechanics, growth, and erosion of mountain belts. Processes in Continental Lithospheric Deformation 1988, 218:161-178.
68. Damon P.E., Shafiqullah M., Leventhal J.S. K-Ar Chronology for the San Francisco Volcanic Field and Rate of Erosion of the Little Colorado River, Geology of Northern Arizona, With Notes on Archaeology and Paleoclimate, Part 1, Regional Studies. Geological Society of America Guidebook, Rocky Mountain Section Meeting, Flagstaff, AZ 1974, 221-235.
69. Davis W.M. The geographical cycle. Geogr. J. 1899, 14:481-504.
70. Davis D.W., Davis M.E., Lucchitta I., Hanks T.C., Finkel R.C., Caffee M. Erosional History of the Colorado River Through the Glen and Grand Canyons. Monograph 2001, 135-139. The Colorado River Origin and Evolution. Grand Canyon Association, Grand Canyon National Park, Grand Canyon National Monument. G.C.A. (Ed.).
71. Dehnert A., Preusser F., Kramers J.D., AkÇAr N., Kubik P.W., Reber R., SchlÜChter C. A multi-dating approach applied to proglacial sediments attributed to the Most Extensive Glaciation of the Swiss Alps. Boreas 2010, 39:620-632.
72. Deichmann N., Ernst J. Earthquake focal mechanisms of the induced seismicity in 2006 and 2007 below Basel (Switzerland). Swiss J. Geosci. 2009, 102:457-466.
73. Delacou B., Sue C., Champagnac J.-D., Burkhard M. Origin of the current stress field in the western/central Alps: role of gravitational re-equilibration constrained by numerical modelling. Geol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ. 2005, 243:295-310.
74. Delmas M., Calvet M., Gunnell Y. Variability of quaternary glacial erosion rates - a global perspective with special reference to the Eastern Pyrenees. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2009, 28:484-498.
75. Delunel R., van der Beek P.A., Bourlès D.L., Carcaillet J., Schlunegger F. Transient Sediment Supply in a High-Altitude Alpine Environment Evidenced Through a 10Be Budget of the Etages Catchment (French Western Alps) 2013.
76. Delunel R., van der Beek P.A., Carcaillet J., Bourles D.L., Valla P.G. Frost-cracking control on catchment denudation rates: insights from in situ produced Be-10 concentrations in stream sediments (Ecrins-Pelvoux massif, French Western Alps). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 293:72-83.
77. Densmore A.L., Dawers N.H., Gupta S., Guidon R., Goldin T. Footwall topographic development during continental extension. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 2004, 109.
78. Descroix L., Gautier E. Water erosion in the southern French Alps: climatic and human mechanisms. Catena 2002, 50:53-85.
79. DiBiase R.A., Whipple K.X. The influence of erosion thresholds and runoff variability on the relationships among topography, climate, and erosion rate. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2011, 116:F04036-F.
80. DiBiase R.A., Whipple K.X., Heimsath A.M., Ouimet W.B. Landscape form and millennial erosion rates in the San Gabriel Mountains, CA. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 289:134-144.
81. Dietrich W.E., Bellugi D.G., Sklar L.S., Stock J.D., Heimsath A.M., Roering J.J. Geomorphic Transport Laws for Predicting Landscape Form and Dynamics 2003, AGU, Washington, D. C.
82. Dixon J.L., Heimsath A.M., Amundson R. The critical role of climate and saprolite weathering in landscape evolution. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2009, 34:1507-1521.
83. Doornkamp J.C. Trend Analysis of Planation Surfaces, With an East African Case Study. Spatial Analysis in Geomorphology, London 1972, 247-281. R.J. Chorley (Ed.).
84. Dortch J.M., Owen L.A., Caffee M.W., Brease P. Late Quaternary glaciation and equilibrium line altitude variations of the McKinley River region, central Alaska Range. Boreas 2010, 39:233-246.
85. Doser D.I., Rodriguez H. A seismotectonic study of the Southeastern Alaska Region. Tectonophysics 2011, 497:105-113.
86. Dühnforth M., Anderson R.S., Ward D., Stock G.M. Bedrock fracture control of glacial erosion processes and rates. Geology 2010, 38:423-426.
87. Dürst Stucki M., Schlunegger F. Identification of erosional mechanisms during past glaciations based on a bedrock surface model of the central European Alps. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2013, 384:57-70.
88. Duxburry J. Erosion Rates in and Around Shenandoah National Park, VA, Determined Using Analysis of Cosmogenic 10Be 2009, 134. University of Vermont.
89. Egholm D.L., Nielsen S.B., Pedersen V.K., Lesemann J.E. Glacial effects limiting mountain height. Nature 2009, 460:884-888.
90. Farber D.L., Mériaux A.-S., Finkel R.C. Attenuation length for fast nucleon production of 10Be derived from near-surface production profiles. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2008, 274:295-300.
91. Farley K.A., Rusmore M.E., Bogue S.W. Post-10Ma uplift and exhumation of the northern Coast mountains, British Columbia. Geology 2001, 29:99-102.
92. Fielding E., Isacks B., Barazangi M., Duncan C. How flat is Tibet. Geology 1994, 22:163-167.
93. Flowerdew M.J., Tyrrell S., Peck V.L. Inferring sites of subglacial erosion using the Pb isotopic composition of ice-rafted feldspar: examples from the Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Geology 2013, 41:147-150.
94. Flowers R., Farley K. Apatite 4He/3He and (U-Th)/He evidence for an ancient Grand Canyon. Science 2012, 338:1616-1619.
95. Foster D., Brocklehurst S.H., Gawthorpe R.L. Small valley glaciers and the effectiveness of the glacial buzzsaw in the northern Basin and Range, USA. Geomorphology 2008, 102:624-639.
96. Gabet E.J., Pratt-Sitaula B.A., Burbank D.W. Climatic controls on hillslope angle and relief in the Himalayas. Geology 2004, 32:629-632.
97. Gallagher K., Stephenson J., Brown R., Holmes C., Fitzgerald P. Low temperature thermochronology and modeling strategies for multiple samples 1: vertical profiles. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2005, 237:193-208.
98. Gallen S.F., Wegmann K.W., DelWayne R. Miocene rejuvenation of topographic relief in the southern Appalachians. GSA Today 2013, 23.
99. Garvin C.D., Hanks T.C., Finkel R.C., Heimsath A.M. Episodic incision of the Colorado River in Glen Canyon, Utah. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2005, 30:973-984.
100. Gemmer L., Houseman G.A. Convergence and extension driven by lithospheric gravitational instability: evolution of the Alpine-Carpathian-Pannonian system. Geophys. J. Int. 2007, 168:1276-1290.
101. Gibbard P.L., Lewin J. River incision and terrace formation in the Late Cenozoic of Europe. Tectonophysics 2009, 474:41-55.
102. Gilchrist A.R., Summerfield M.A., Cockburn H.A.P. Landscape dissection, isostatic uplift, and the morphologic development of orogens. Geology 1994, 22:963-966.
103. Glotzbach C., Bernet M., van der Beek P. Detrital thermochronology records changing source areas and steady exhumation in the Western European Alps. Geology 2011, 39:239-242.
104. Glotzbach C., van der Beek P., Carcaillet J., Delunel R. Deciphering the driving forces of erosion rates on millennial to million-year timescales in glacially impacted landscapes: an example from the Western Alps. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2013, 118:1491-1515.
105. Glotzbach C., van der Beek P.A., Spiegel C. Episodic exhumation and relief growth in the Mont Blanc massif, Western Alps from numerical modelling of thermochronology data. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2013.
106. Godon C., Mugnier J.L., Fallourd R., Paquette J.L., Pohl A., Buoncristiani J.F. The Bossons glacier protects Europe's summit from erosion. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2013, 375:135-147.
107. Gonzalez P.J., Tiampo K.F., Palano M., Cannavo F., Fernandez J. The 2011 Lorca earthquake slip distribution controlled by groundwater crustal unloading. Nat. Geosci. 2012, 5:821-825.
108. Gosse J.C., Phillips F.M. Terrestrial in situ cosmogenic nuclides: theory and application. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2001, 20:1475-1560.
109. Granger D.E., Kirchner J.W., Finkel R. Spatially averaged long-term erosion rates measured from in situ-produced cosmogenic nuclides in alluvial sediment. J. Geol. 1996, 104:249-257.
110. Granger D.E., Fabel D., Palmer A.N. Pliocene-Pleistocene incision of the Green River, Kentucky, determined from radioactive decay of cosmogenic 26Al and 10Be in Mammoth Cave sediments. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 2001, 113:825-836.
111. Grasemann B., Mancktelow N.S. Two-dimensional thermal modelling of normal faulting: the Simplon Fault Zone, Central Alps, Switzerland. Tectonophysics 1993, 225:155-165.
112. Grujic D., Coutand I., Bookhagen B., Bonnet S., Blythe A., Duncan C. Climatic forcing of erosion, landscape, and tectonics in the Bhutan Himalayas. Geology 2006, 34:801-804.
113. Guralnik B., Jain M., Herman F., Paris R.B., Harrison T.M., Murray A.S., Valla P.G., Rhodes E.J. Effective closure temperature in leaky and/or saturating thermochronometers. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2013, 384:209-218.
114. Hack J.T. Interpretation of erosional topography in humid temperate regions. Am. J. Sci. 1960, 258-A:80-97.
115. Haeuselmann P., Granger D.E., Jeannin P.Y., Lauritzen S.E. Abrupt glacial valley incision at 0.8Ma dated from cave deposits in Switzerland. Geology 2007, 35:143-146.
116. 2 consumption via chemical weathering: an example from the Australian Victorian Alps. Chem. Geol. 2009, 260:234-253.
117. Hales T.C., Roering J.J. Climatic controls on frost cracking and implications for the evolution of bedrock landscapes. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2007, 112. (F02033).
118. Hales T.C., Roering J.J. A frost "buzzsaw" mechanism for erosion of the eastern Southern Alps, New Zealand. Geomorphology 2009, 107:241-253.
119. Hallet B. A theoretical model of glacial abrasion. J. Glaciol. 1979, 23:39-50.
120. Hallet B., Hunter L., Bogen J. Rates of erosion and sediment evacuation by glaciers: a review of field data and their implications. Glob. Planet. Chang. 1996, 12:213-235.
121. Hamann N.E., Whittaker R.C., Stemmerik L. Geological Development of the Northeast Greenland Shelf. Petroleum geology: North-west Europe and global perspectives: Proceedings of the 6th Petroleum Conference 2005, 887-902. Geological Society, London. A.G. Doré, B. Vining (Eds.).
122. Hambrey M.J., Glasser N.F., McKelvey B.C., Sugden D.E., Fink D. Cenozoic landscape evolution of an East Antarctic oasis (Radok Lake area, northern Prince Charles Mountains), and its implications for the glacial and climatic history of Antarctica. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2007, 26:598-626.
123. Hampel A., Hetzel R., Densmore A.L. Postglacial slip-rate increase on the Teton normal fault, northern Basin and Range Province, caused by melting of the Yellowstone ice cap and deglaciation of the Teton Rangeα. Geology 2007, 35:1107-1110.
124. Hancock G., Kirwan M. Summit erosion rates deduced from 10Be: implications for relief production in the central Appalachians. Geology 2007, 35:89-92.
125. Hanks T.C., Lucchitta I., Davis S.W., Davis M.E., Finkel R.C., Lefton S.A., Garvin C.D. The Colorado River and the Age of Glen Canyon. The Colorado River Origin and Evolution 2001, 129-133. Grand Canyon Association, Grand Canyon National Park, AZ, Grand Canyon National Monument. R.A. Young, E.E. Spamer (Eds.).
126. Harris S.E., Mix A. Climate and tectonic influences on continental erosion of tropical South America, 0-13Ma. Geology 2002, 30:447-450.
127. Hättestrand C., Stroeven A.P. A relict landscape in the centre of Fennoscandian glaciation: geomorphological evidence of minimal Quaternary glacial erosion. Geomorphology 2002, 44:127-143.
128. Hay W.W. Tectonics and climate. Geol. Rundsch. 1996, 85:409-437.
129. Headley R., Hallet B., Roe G., Waddington E.D., Rignot E. Spatial distribution of glacial erosion rates in the St. Elias range, Alaska, inferred from a realistic model of glacier dynamics. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2012, 117:F03027.
130. Heikinnen O. A trend-surface analysis of relief in Sipoo, southern Finnland. Fennia 1975, 141:1-47.
131. Heimsath A.M., Chappell J., Dietrich W.E., Nishiizumi K., Finkel R.C. Late Quaternary erosion in southeastern Australia: a field example using cosmogenic nuclides. Quat. Int. 2001, 83-85:169-185.
132. Heimsath A.M., Dietrich W.E., Nishiizumi K., Finkel R.C. Stochastic processes of soil production and transport: erosion rates, topography variation and cosmogenic nuclides in the Oregon Coast Range. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2001, 26:531-552.
133. Heimsath A., Chappel J., Finkel R.C., Fifield K., Alimanovic A. Escarpment erosion and landscape evolution in Southeastern Australia. Spec. Pap. Geol. Soc. Am. 2006, 398:173-190.
134. Heimsath A.M., Fink D., Hancock G.R. The 'humped' soil production function: eroding Arnhem Land, Australia. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2009, 34:1674-1684.
135. Heimsath A.M., Chappell J., Fifield K. Eroding Australia: rates and processes from Bega Valley to Arnhem Land. Geol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ. 2010, 346:225-241.
136. Helgason J., Duncan R.A. Glacial-interglacial history of the Skaftafell region, southeast Iceland, 0-5Ma. Geology 2001, 29:179-182.
137. Henck A.C., Huntington K.W., Stone J.O., Montgomery D.R., Hallet B. Spatial controls on erosion in the Three Rivers Region, southeastern Tibet and southwestern China. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2011, 303:71-83.
138. Herman F., Braun J. Fluvial response to horizontal shortening and glaciations: a study in the Southern Alps of New Zealand. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2006, 111. (F01008).
139. Herman F., Braun J. Evolution of the glacial landscape of the Southern Alps of New Zealand: Insights from a glacial erosion model. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2008, 113.
140. Herman F., Copeland P., Avouac J.P., Bollinger L., Maheo G., Le Fort P., Rai S., Foster D., Pecher A., Stuwe K., Henry P. Exhumation, crustal deformation, and thermal structure of the Nepal Himalaya derived from the inversion of thermochronological and thermobarometric data and modeling of the topography. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 2010, 115. (B06407).
141. Herman F., Rhodes E.J., Braun J., Heiniger L. Uniform erosion rates and relief amplitude during glacial cycles in the Southern Alps of New Zealand, as revealed from OSL-thermochronology. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 297:183-189.
142. Herman F., Beaud F., Champagnac J.-D., Lemieux J.-M., Sternai P. Glacial hydrology and erosion patterns: a mechanism for carving glacial valleys. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2011, 310:498-508.
143. Herman F., Seward D., Valla P.G., Carter A., Kohn B., Willett S.D., Ehlers T.A. Worldwide acceleration of mountain erosion under a cooling climate. Nature 2013, 504(7480).
144. Hijmans R.J., Cameron S.E., Parra J.L., Jones P.G., Jarvis A. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. Int. J. Climatol. 2005, 25:1965-1978.
145. Hilley G.E., Strecker M.R. Steady state erosion of critical Coulomb wedges with applications to Taiwan and the Himalaya. J. Geophys. Res. B Solid Earth 2004, 109. (B01411).
146. Hippe K., Kober F., Zeilinger G., Ivy-Ochs S., Maden C., Wacker L., Kubik P.W., Wieler R. Quantifying denudation rates and sediment storage on the eastern Altiplano, Bolivia, using cosmogenic 10Be, 26Al, and in situ 14C. Geomorphology 2012, 179:58-70.
147. Holmes A. Principles of Physical Geology 1965, Ronald Press, New York.
148. Hoskins B.J., Karoly D.J. The steady linear response of a spherical atmosphere to thermal and orographic forcing. J. Atmos. Sci. 1981, 38:1179-1196.
149. House M.A., Wernicke B.P., Farley K.A. Dating topography of the Sierra Nevada, California, using apatite (U-Th)/He ages. Nature 1998, 396:66-69.
150. House M.A., Wernicke B.P., Farley K.A. Paleo-geomorphology of the Sierra Nevada, California, from (U-TH)/He ages in Apatite. Am. J. Sci. 2001, 301:77-102.
151. Hovius N. Regular spacing of drainage outlets from linear mountain belts. Basin Res. 1996, 8:29-44.
152. Howard A.D., Dietrich W.E., Seidl M.A. Modeling fluvial erosion on regional to continental scales. J. Geophys. Res. 1994, 99.
153. Huang M.Y.F., Montgomery D.R. Fluvial response to rapid episodic erosion by earthquake and typhoons, Tachia River, central Taiwan. Geomorphology 2012, 175-176:126-138.
154. Hurford A., Hunziker J., Stöckhert B J.C. Constraints on the late thermotectonic evolution of the western Alps: evidence for episodic rapid uplift. Tectonics 1991, 10:758-769.
155. IPCC Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2007, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. S. Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor, H.L. Miller (Eds.).
156. IPCC Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2012, 582. C.B. Field, V. Barros, T.F. Stocker, D. Qin, D.J. Dokken, K.L. Ebi, M.D. Mastrandrea, K.J. Mach, G.-K. Plattner, S.K. Allen, M. Tignor, P.M. Midgley (Eds.).
157. Issar A.S., Zohar M. Climate Change: Environment and Civilization in the Middle East 2004, Springer.
158. Jacob J., Disnar J.R., Arnaud F., Gauthier E., Billaud Y., Chapron E., Bardoux G. Impacts of new agricultural practices on soil erosion during the Bronze Age in the French Prealps. The Holocene 2009, 19:241-249.
159. Jamieson S.S.R., Hulton N.R.J., Sugden D.E., Payne A.J., Taylor J. Cenozoic landscape evolution of the Lambert basin, East Antarctica: the relative role of rivers and ice sheets. Glob. Planet. Chang. 2005, 45:35-49.
160. Jansen I.M.L., Painter R.B. Predicting sediment yield from climate and topography. J. Hydrol. 1974, 21:371-380.
161. Jansson K.N., Stroeven A.P., Alm G., Dahlgren K.I.T., Glasser N.F., Goodfellow B.W. Using a GIS filtering approach to replicate patterns of glacial erosion. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2011, 36:408-418.
162. Jiménez-Munt I., Garcia-Castellanos D., Negredo A.M., Platt J.P. Gravitational and tectonic forces controlling postcollisional deformation and the present-day stress field of the Alps: constraints from numerical modeling. Tectonics 2005, 24:1-15.
163. Kasahara A., Sasamori T., Washington W.M. Simulation experiments with a 12 layer stratospheric global circulation model. I. Dynamical effect of the Earth's orography and thermal influence of continentality. J. Atmos. Sci. 1973, 30:1229-1251.
164. King C.A.M. Trend surface analysis of central Pennine erosion surfaces. Trans. Inst. Br. Geogr. 1969, 47:47-59.
165. Konstantinovskaia E., Malavieille J. Erosion and exhumation in accretionary orogens: experimental and geological approaches. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2005, 6. (Q02006).
166. Koons P.O., Norris R.J., Craw D., Cooper A.F. Influence of exhumation of the structural evolution of transpressional plate boundaries: an example from the Southern Alps, New Zealand. Geology 2003, 31:3-6.
167. Koppes M., Hallet B., Anderson J. Synchronous acceleration of ice loss and glacial erosion, Glaciar Marinelli, Chilean Tierra del Fuego. J. Glaciol. 2009, 55:207-220.
168. Korup O. Distribution of landslides in southwest New Zealand. Landslides 2005, 2:43-51.
169. Korup O. Large landslides and their effect on sediment flux in South Westland, New Zealand. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2005, 30:305-323.
170. Korup O. Earth's portfolio of extreme sediment transport events. Earth Sci. Rev. 2012, 112:115-125.
171. Korup O., Clague J.J., Hermanns R.L., Hewitt K., Strom A.L., Weidinger J.T. Giant landslides, topography, and erosion. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2007, 261:578-589.
172. Krabbendam M., Glasser N.F. Glacial erosion and bedrock properties in NW Scotland: abrasion and plucking, hardness and joint spacing. Geomorphology 2011, 130:374-383.
173. Kuhlemann J. Post-collisional sediment budget of circum-Alpine basins (Central Europe). Memorie di Scienze Geologiche Università di Padova 2000, 52:1-91.
174. Kuhlemann J., Frisch W., Székely B., Dunkl I., Kázmér M. Post-collisional sediment budget history of the Alps: tectonic versus climatic control. Int. J. Earth Sci. 2002, 91:818-837.
175. Kuhlemann J., Dunkl I., Brügel A., Spiegel C., Frisch W. From source terrains of the Eastern Alps to the Molasse Basin: detrital record of non-steady-state exhumation. Tectonophysics 2006, 413:301-316.
176. Kuhlemann J., van der Borg K., Bons P.D., Danišík M., Frisch W. Erosion rates on subalpine paleosurfaces in the western Mediterranean by in-situ 10Be concentrations in granites: implications for surface processes and long-term landscape evolution in Corsica (France). Int. J. Earth Sci. 2007, 97:549-564.
177. Lal D. Cosmic ray labeling of erosion surfaces: in situ nuclide production rates and erosion models. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1991, 104:424-439.
178. Lamb S., Davis P. Cenozoic climate change as a possible cause for the rise of the Andes. Nature 2003, 425:792-797.
179. Larsen I.J., Montgomery D.R. Landslide erosion coupled to tectonics and river incision. Nat. Geosci. 2012, 5:468-473.
180. Lees C.H. On the shapes of the isogeotherms under mountain ranges in radio-active districts. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character 1910, 83:339-346.
181. Li B., Li S.-H. Determining the cooling age using luminescence-thermochronology. Tectonophysics 2012, 580:242-248.
182. Li C., Ma T., Zhu X., Li W. The power-law relationship between landslide occurrence and rainfall level. Geomorphology 2011, 130:221-229.
183. Lisiecki L.E., Raymo M.E. A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic δ18O records. Paleoceanography 2005, 20:1-17.
184. Loye A., Pedrazzini A., Theule J.I., Jaboyedoff M., Liébault F., Metzger R. Influence of bedrock structures on the spatial pattern of erosional landforms in small alpine catchments. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2012, 37:1407-1423.
185. Lucazeau F., Hurtrez J.-E. Length-scale dependence of relief along the southeastern border of Massif Central (France). Geophys. Res. Lett. 1997, 24:1823-1826.
186. Lucht W., Prentice I.C., Myneni R.B., Sitch S., Friedlingstein P., Cramer W., Bousquet P., Buermann W., Smith B. Climatic control of the high-latitude vegetation greening trend and Pinatubo effect. Science 2002, 296:1687-1689.
187. Ludwig W., Probst J.L., Kempe S. Predicting the oceanic input of organic carbon by continental erosion. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 1996, 10:23-41.
188. MacGregor K.R., Anderson R.S., Anderson S.P., Waddington E.D. Numerical simulations of glacial-valley longitudinal profile evolution. Geology 2000, 28:1031-1034.
189. MacGregor K.R., Anderson R.S., Waddington E.D. Numerical modeling of glacial erosion and headwall processes in alpine valleys. Geomorphology 2009, 103:189-204.
190. Mancktelow N.S., Grasemann B. Time-dependent ejects of heat advection and topography on cooling histories during erosion. Tectonophysics 1997, 270:167-195.
191. Mann M.E., Bradley R.S., Hughes M.K. Global-scale temperature patterns and climate forcing over the past six centuries. Nature 1998, 392:779-787.
192. Marchetti D.W., Cerling T.E. Bedrock Incision Rates for the Fremont River, Tributary of the Colorado River. The Colorado River Origin and Evolution, Grand Canyon Association: Grand Canyon National 2001, 125-127. Grand Canyon Association Monograph, Grand Canyon National Monument. Park ed. R.A. Young, E.E. Spamer (Eds.).
193. Matmon A., Bierman P.R., Larsen J., Southworth S., Pavich M.J., Finkel R., Caffee M. Erosion of an ancient mountain range, the Great Smocky Mountains, North Carolina and Tenessee. Am. J. Sci. 2003, 303:817-855.
194. Matsuoka N. Frost weathering and rockwall erosion in the southeastern Swiss Alps: long-term (1994-2006) observations. Geomorphology 2008, 99:353-368.
195. McPhillips D., Brandon M.T. Using tracer thermochronology to measure modern relief change in the Sierra Nevada, California. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 296:373-383.
196. Medvedev S., Hartz E.H., Podladchikov Y.Y. Vertical motions of the fjord regions of central East Greenland: Impact of glacial erosion, deposition, and isostasy. Geology 2008, 36:539-542.
197. Medvedev S., Souche A., Hartz E.H. Influence of ice sheet and glacial erosion on passive margins of Greenland. Geomorphology 2013, 193:36-46.
198. Meigs A., Sauber J. Southern Alaska as an example of the long-term consequences of mountain building under the influence of glaciers. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2000, 19:1543-1562.
199. Menéndez I., Silva P.G., Martín-Betancor M., Pérez-Torrado F.J., Guillou H., Scaillet S. Fluvial dissection, isostatic uplift, and geomorphological evolution of volcanic islands (Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain). Geomorphology 2008, 102:189-203.
200. Meronen H., Henriksson S.V., Räisänen P., Laaksonen A. Climate effects of northern hemisphere volcanic eruptions in an Earth System Model. Atmos. Res. 2012, 114-115:107-118.
201. Meyer H., Hetzel R., Fügenschuh B., Strauss H. Determining the growth rate of topographic relief using in situ-produced 10Be: A case study in the Black Forest, Germany. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 290:391-402.
202. Milivojević M., Menković L., Ćalić J. Pleistocene glacial relief of the central part of Mt. Prokletije (Albanian Alps). Quat. Int. 2008, 190:112-122.
203. Miller D.J., Dunne T. Topographic perturbations of regional stresses and consequent bedrock fracturing. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 1996, 101:25,523-525,536.
204. Milliman J.D., Syvitski Geomorphic/tectonic control of sediment discharge to the ocean: the importance of small mountainous rivers. J. Geol. 1992, 100:525-544.
205. Mills H.H. Apparent increasing rates of stream incision in the eastern United States during the late Cenozoic. Geology 2000, 28:955-957.
206. Mitchell S.G., Montgomery D.R. Influence of a glacial buzzsaw on the height and morphology of the Cascade Range in central Washington State, USA. Quat. Res. 2006, 65:96-107.
207. Mitchell S.G., Montgomery D.R. Polygenetic topography of the Cascade Range, Washington State, USA. Am. J. Sci. 2006, 306:736-768.
208. Mitchell J.F.B., Johns T.C., Gregory J.M., Tett S.F.B. Climate response to increasing levels of greenhouse gases and sulphate aerosols. Nature 1995, 376:501-504.
209. Molnar P. Interactions among topographically induced elastic stress, static fatigue, and valley incision. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2004, 109.
210. Molnar P. Late Cenozoic increase in accumulation rates of terrestrial sediment: how might climate change have affected erosion ratesα. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 2004, 32:67-89.
211. Molnar P. The state of interactions among tectonics, erosion, and climate: A polemic. GSA Today 2009, 19:44-45.
212. Molnar P., England P. Late Cenozoic uplift of mountain ranges and global climate change: chicken or eggα. Nature 1990, 346:29-34.
213. Molnar P., Anderson R.S., Anderson S.P. Tectonics, fracturing of rock, and erosion. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2007, 112. (F03014).
214. Montgomery D.R. Valley incision and the uplift of mountain peaks. J. Geophys. Res. 1994, 99:13913-13921.
215. Montgomery D.R. Predicting landscape-scale erosion rates using digital elevation models. Compt. Rendus Geosci. 2003, 335:1121-1130.
216. Montgomery D.R. Soil erosion and agricultural sustainability. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2007, 104:13268-13272.
217. Montgomery D.R., Brandon M.T. Topographic controls on erosion rates in tectonically active mountain ranges. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2002, 201:481-489.
218. Montgomery D.R., Greenberg H.M. Local relief and the height of Mount Olympus. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2000, 25:385-396.
219. Montgomery D.R., Balco G., Willett S.D. Climate, tectonics, and the morphology of the Andes. Geology 2001, 29:579-582.
220. Muttoni G., Carcano C., Garzanti E., Ghielmi M., Piccin A., Pini R., Rogledi S., Sciunnach D. Onset of major Pleistocene glaciations in the Alps. Geology 2003, 31:989-992.
221. Naish T., Powell R., Levy R., Wilson G., Scherer R., Talarico F., Krissek L., Niessen F., Pompilio M., Wilson T., Carter L., DeConto R., Huybers P., McKay R., Pollard D., Ross J., Winter D., Barrett P., Browne G., Cody R., Cowan E., Crampton J., Dunbar G., Dunbar N., Florindo F., Gebhardt C., Graham I., Hannah M., Hansaraj D., Harwood D., Helling D., Henrys S., Hinnov L., Kuhn G., Kyle P., Laufer A., Maffioli P., Magens D., Mandernack K., McIntosh W., Millan C., Morin R., Ohneiser C., Paulsen T., Persico D., Raine I., Reed J., Riesselman C., Sagnotti L., Schmitt D., Sjunneskog C., Strong P., Taviani M., Vogel S., Wilch T., Williams T. Obliquity-paced Pliocene West Antarctic ice sheet oscillations. Nature 2009, 458:322-328.
222. Naylor S., Gabet E.J. Valley asymmetry and glacial versus nonglacial erosion in the Bitterroot Range, Montana, USA. Geology 2007, 35:375-378.
223. Naylor M., Sinclair H.D. Pro- vs. retro-foreland basins. Basin Res. 2008, 20:285-303.
224. Niemi N.A., Oskin M., Burbank D.W., Heimsath A.M., Gabet E.J. Effects of bedrock landslides on cosmogenically determined erosion rates. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2005, 237:480-498.
225. Nishiizumi K., Lal D., Klein J., Middleton R., Arnold J.R. Production of 10Be and 26Al by cosmic rays in terrestrial quartz in situ and implications for erosion rates. Nature 1986, 319:134-136.
226. Norton K.P., Abbuhl L.M., Schlunegger F. Glacial conditioning as an erosional driving force in the Central Alps. Geology 2010, 38:655-658.
227. Nott J., Young R., McDougall I. Wearing down, wearing back, and Gorge extension in the long-term denudation of a highland mass: quantitative evidence from the Shoalhaven catchment, southeast Australia. J. Geol. 1996, 104:224-232.
228. Olen S.M., Ehlers T.A., Densmore M.S. Limits to reconstructing paleotopography from thermochronometer data. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2012, 117:F01024-F.
229. Ouimet W.B., Whipple K.X., Royden L.H., Sun Z., Chen Z. The influence of large landslides on river incision in a transient landscape: eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau (Sichuan, China). Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 2007, 119:1462-1476.
230. Palumbo L., Hetzel R., Tao M., Li X. Topographic and lithologic control on catchment-wide denudation rates derived from cosmogenic 10Be in two mountain ranges at the margin of NE Tibet. Geomorphology 2009, 117:130-142.
231. Palumbo L., Hetzel R., Tao M., Li X. Catchment-wide denudation rates at the margin of NE Tibet from in situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be. Terra Nova 2011, 23:42-48.
232. Pan B.-t, Geng H.-p, Hu X.-f, Sun R.-h, Wang C. The topographic controls on the decadal-scale erosion rates in Qilian Shan Mountains, N.W. China. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 292:148-157.
233. Parker G. Selective sorting and abrasion of river gravel. I: theory. J. Hydraul. Eng. 1991, 117:131-147.
234. Parker R.N., Densmore A.L., Rosser N.J., de Michele M., Li Y., Huang R., Whadcoat S., Petley D.N. Mass wasting triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake is greater than orogenic growth. Nat. Geosci. 2011, 4:449-452.
235. Partsch J. Schlesien: eine Landeskunde für das deutsche Volk 1911, Breslau.
236. Pedersen V.K., Egholm D.L. Glaciations in response to climate variations preconditioned by evolving topography. Nature 2013, 493:206-210.
237. Pedersen V.K., Egholm D.L., Nielsen S.B. Alpine glacial topography and the rate of rock column uplift: a global perspective. Geomorphology 2010, 122:129-139.
238. Pederson J.L., Mackley R.D., Eddleman J.L. Colorado Plateau uplift and erosion evaluated using GIS. GSA Today 2002, 12:4-10.
239. Pederson J.L., Anders M.D., Rittenhour T.M., Sharp W.D., Gosse J.C., Karlstrom K.E. Using fill terraces to understand incision rates and evolution of the Colorado River in eastern Grand Canyon, Arizona. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2006, 111. (F02003).
240. Pelletier J.D. Estimate of three-dimensional flexural-isostatic response to unloading: rock uplift due to late Cenozoic glacial erosion in the western United States. Geology 2004, 32:161-164.
241. Pelletier J.D. A spatially distributed model for the long-term suspended sediment discharge and delivery ratio of drainage basins. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2012, 117. (F02028).
242. Penck A. Glacial features in the surface of the Alps. J. Geol. 1905, 19:1-14.
243. Penk W. Morphological Analysis of Land Forms, a Contribution to Physical Geology 1972, Hafner, New York.
244. Perron J.T., Kirchner J.W., Dietrich W.E. Formation of evenly spaced ridges and valleys. Nature 2009, 460:502-505.
245. Pinet P., Souriau M. Continental erosion and large-scale relief. Tectonics 1988, 7:563-582.
246. Placzek C.J., Matmon A., Granger D.E., Quade J., Niedermann S. Evidence for active landscape evolution in the hyperarid Atacama from multiple terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 295:12-20.
247. Portenga E.W., Bierman P.R. Understanding Earth's eroding surface with 10Be. GSA Today 2011, 21:4-10.
248. Portenga E.W., Bierman P.R., Rizzo D.M., Rood D.H. Low rates of bedrock outcrop erosion in the central Appalachian Mountains inferred from in situ 10Be. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 2013, 125:201-215.
249. Porter S.C. The Glacial Ages: Late Cenozoic Climatic Variability on Several Time Scales. Man and nature - makers of climatic variation 1977, 1-27. College of Geosciences Texas A, M University (Eds.).
250. Porter S.C. Some geological implications of average Quaternary glacial conditions. Quat. Res. 1989, 32:245-261.
251. Quigley M., Sandiford M., Fifield K., Alimanovic A. Bedrock erosion and relief production in the northern Flinders Ranges, Australia. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2007, 32:929-944.
252. Quigley M., Sandiford M., Fifield L.K., Alimanovic A. Landscape responses to intraplate tectonism: quantitative constraints from 10Be nuclide abundances. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2007, 261:120-133.
253. Raymo M.E. The initiation of Northern Hemisphere glaciation. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 1994, 22:353-383.
254. Raymo M.E., Ruddiman W. Cooling in the late Cenozoic. Nature 1993, 361:124.
255. Raymo M.E., Oppo D.W., Curry W. The mid-Pleistocene climate transition: a deep sea carbon isotopic perspective. Paleoceanography 1997, 12:546-559.
256. Reiners P.W., Brandon M.T. Using thermochronology to understand orogenic erosion. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 2006, 34:419-466.
257. Reinhardt L.J., Dempster T.J., Shroder J.F., Persano C. Tectonic denudation and topographic development in the Spanish Sierra Nevada. Tectonics 2007, 26. (TC3001).
258. Reinhardt L.J., Bishop P., Hoey T.B., Dempster T.J., Sanderson D.C.W. Quantification of the transient response to base-level fall in a small mountain catchment: Sierra Nevada, southern Spain. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2007, 112:F03S05.
259. Resentini A., Malusà M.G. Sediment budgets by detrital apatite fission-track dating (Rivers Dora Baltea and Arc, Western Alps). Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. 2012, 487:125-140.
260. Reuter J.M. Erosion Rates and Patterns Inferred From Cosmogenic 10Be in the Susquehanna River Basin 2005, 172. University of Vermont, Burlington.
261. Rey P., Vanderhaeghe O., Teyssier C. Gravitational collapse of the continental crust: definition, regimes and modes. Tectonophysics 2001, 342:435-449.
262. Roe G. Orographic precipitation. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 2005, 33:645-671.
263. Roe G., Whipple K.X., Fletcher J.K. Feedbacks among climate, erosion, and tectonics in a critical wedge orogen. Am. J. Sci. 2008, 308:815-842.
264. Roering J.J., Kirchner J.W., Dietrich W.E. Evidence for nonlinear, diffusive sediment transport on hillslopes and implications for landscape morphology. Water Resour. Res. 1999, 35:853-870.
265. Roering J.J., Perron J.T., Kirchner J.W. Functional relationships between denudation and hillslope form and relief. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2007, 264:245-258.
266. Roller S., Wittmann H., Kastowski M., Hinderer M. Erosion of the Rwenzori Mountains, East African Rift, from in situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be. J. Geophys. Res. 2012, 117. (F03003-F03003).
267. Ruxton B.P., McDougall I. Denudation rates in northeast Papua from potassium-argon dating of lavas. Am. J. Sci. 1967, 265:545-561.
268. Safran E.B., Bierman P.R., Aalto R., Dunne T., Whipple K.X., Caffee M. Erosion rates driven by channel network incision in the Bolivian Andes. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2005, 30:1007-1024.
269. Saito K., Marchenko S., Romanovsky V., Bigelow N., Yoshikawa K., Walsh J. Thermally-conditioned Paleo-Permafrost variations from global climate modeling. SOLA 2009, 5:101-104.
270. Schaller M., Von Blanckenburg F., Hovius N., Kubik P.W. Large-scale erosion rates from in situ-produced cosmogenic nuclides in European river sediments. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2001, 188:441-458.
271. Schildgen T.F., Hodges K.V., Whipple K.X., Pringle M.S., Van Soest M., Cornell K. Late cenozoic structural and tectonic development of the western margin of the central andean plateau in southwest Peru. Tectonics 2009, 28. (TC4007).
272. Schlüchter C. The Quaternary glaciations of Switzerland, with special reference to the northern Alpine Foreland. Quat. Sci. Rev. 1986, 5:413-419.
273. Schlunegger F., Hinderer M. Crustal uplift in the Alps: why the drainage pattern matters. Terra Nova 2001, 13:425-432.
274. Schlunegger F., Hinderer M. Pleistocene/Holocene climate change, re-establishment of fluvial drainage network and increase in relief in the Swiss Alps. Terra Nova 2003, 15:88-95.
275. Schlunegger F., Melzer J., Tucker G. Climate, exposed source-rock lithologies, crustal uplift and surface erosion: a theoretical analysis calibrated with data from the Alps/North Alpine foreland basin system. Int. J. Earth Sci. 2001, 90:484-499.
276. Schlunegger F., Zeilinger G., Kounov A., Kober F., Hüsser B. Scale of relief growth in the forearc of the Andes of Northern Chile (Arica latitude, 18°S). Terra Nova 2006, 18:217-223.
277. Schmidt K.M., Montgomery D.R. Limits to relief. Science 1995, 270:617-620.
278. Schmidt R., Koinig K.A., Thompson R., Kamenik C. A multi proxy core study of the last 7000years of climate and alpine land-use impacts on an Austrian mountain lake (Unterer Landschitzsee, Niedere Tauern). Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 2002, 187:101-120.
279. Schumer R., Jerolmack D.J. Real and apparent changes in sediment deposition rates through time. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2009, 114:F00A06.
280. Seager R., Battisti D.R., Yin J., Gordon N., Naik N., Clement A.C., Cane M.A. Is the Gulf Stream responsible for Europe's mild winters. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 2002, 128:2563-2586.
281. Seidl M.A., Dietrich W.E. The Problem of Channel Erosion into Bedrock. Functional Geomorphology 1992, 101-124. Cremlingen-Destedt, Verlag. J. de Ploey (Ed.).
282. Shuster D.L., Farley K.A. 4He/3He thermochronometry. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2004, 217:1-17.
283. Shuster D.L., Ehlers T.A., Rusmore M.E., Farley K.A. Rapid glacial erosion at 1.8Ma revealed by 4He/3He thermochronometry. Science 2005, 310:1668-1670.
284. Shuster D.L., Cuffey K.M., Sanders J.W., Balco G. Thermochronometry reveals headward propagation of erosion in an alpine landscape. Science 2011, 332:84-88.
285. Siame L., Chu H.T., Carcaillet J., Bourlès D., Braucher R., Lu W.C., Angelier J., Dussouliez P. Glacial retreat history of Nanhuta Shan (north-east Taiwan) from preserved glacial features: the cosmic ray exposure perspective. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2007, 26:2185-2200.
286. Simoes M., Braun J., Bonnet S. Continental-scale erosion and transport laws: a new approach to quantitatively investigate macroscale landscapes and associated sediment fluxes over the geological past. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2010, 11. (Q09001).
287. Small E.E., Anderson R.S. Geomorphically driven late Cenozoic rock uplift in the Sierra Nevada, California. Science 1995, 270:277-280.
288. Small E.E., Anderson R.S. Pleistocene relief production in Laramide mountain ranges, western United States. Geology 1998, 26:123-126.
289. Small E.E., Anderson R.S., Repka J.L., Finkel R. Erosion rates of alpine bedrock summit surfaces deduced from in situ 10Be and 26Al. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1997, 150:413-425.
290. Spotila J.A., Berger A.L. Exhumation at orogenic indentor corners under long-term glacial conditions: example of the St. Elias orogen, Southern Alaska. Tectonophysics 2010, 490:241-256.
291. Spotila J.A., Buscher J.T., Meigs A.J., Reiners P.W. Long-term glacial erosion of active mountain belts: Example of the Chugach- St. Elias Range, Alaska. Geology 2004, 32:501-504.
292. Staiger J.K.W., Gosse J.C., Johnson J.V., Fastook J., Gray J.T., Stockli D.F., Stockli L., Finkel R. Quaternary relief generation by polythermal glacier ice. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2005, 30:1145-1159.
293. Steer P., Huismans R.S., Valla P.G., Gac S., F., H. Bimodal Plio-Quaternary glacial erosion of fjords and low-relief surfaces in Scandinavia. Nat. Geosci. 2012, 5:635-639.
294. Stern T.A., Baxter A.K., Barrett P.J. Isostatic rebound due to glacial erosion within the Transantarctic Mountains. Geology 2005, 33:221-224.
295. Sternai P., Herman F., Champagnac J.-D., Salcher B., Fox M., Willett S. The pre-glacial topography of the Alps. Geology 2012, 40:1067-1079.
296. Sternai P., Herman F., Valla P.G., Champagnac J.D. Spatial and temporal variations of glacial erosion in the RhÔne valley; implications for relief development and sediment production. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2013, 368:119-131.
297. Stock J.D., Montgomery D.R. Estimating palaeorelief from detrital mineral age ranges. Basin Res. 1996, 8:317-327.
298. Stock G.M., Ehlers T.A., Farley K.A. Where does sediment come fromα Quantifying catchment erosion with detrital apatite (U-Th)/He thermochronometry. Geology 2006, 34:725-728.
299. Stolar D.B., Willett S.D., Roe G.H. Climatic and Tectonic Forcing of a Critical Orogen. Penrose Conference Series 2006, Geological Society of America Special Publication. S.D. Willett, N. Hovius, M.T. Brandon, D.M. Fisher (Eds.).
300. Stolar D.B., Willett S., Roe G. Climatic and tectonic forcing of a critical orogen. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. 2006, 398:241-250.
301. Stolar D.B., Roe G., Willett S. Controls on the patterns of topography and erosion rate in a critical orogen. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2007, 112. (F04002).
302. Strobl M., Hetzel R., Niedermann S., Ding L., Zhang L. Landscape evolution of a bedrock peneplain on the southern Tibetan Plateau revealed by in situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be and 21Ne. Geomorphology 2012, 153-154:192-204.
303. Stroeven A.P., Fabel D., Hättestrand C., Harbor J. A relict landscape in the centre of Fennoscandian glaciation: cosmogenic radionuclide evidence of tors preserved through multiple glacial cycles. Geomorphology 2002, 44:145-154.
304. Stuiver M., Grootes P.M., Braziunas T.F. The GISP2 δ18O climate record of the past 16,500years and the role of the sun, ocean, and volcanoes. Quat. Res. 1995, 44:341-354.
305. Stüwe K., White L., Brown R. The influence of eroding topography on steady-state isotherms. Application to fission track analysis. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1994, 124:63-74.
306. Summerfield M., Hulton N.R.J. Natural controls of fluvial denudation rates in major world drainage basins. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 1994, 99:13871-13883.
307. Székely B. The Eastern Alps in an envelope - an estimation on the "missing volume". N. Jb. Geol. Paläont. (Abh.) 2003, 230:257-275.
308. Terakawa T., Miller S.A., Deichmann N. High fluid pressure and triggered earthquakes in the enhanced geothermal system in Basel, Switzerland. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 2012, 117. (B07305).
309. Thomson S.N., Brandon M.T., Tomkin J.H., Reiners P.W., Vasquez C., Wilson N.J. Glaciation as a destructive and constructive control on mountain building. Nature 2010, 467:313-317.
310. Thomson S.N., Reiners P.W., Hemming S.R., Gehrels G.E. The contribution of glacial erosion to shaping the hidden landscape of East Antarctica. Nat. Geosci. 2013, 6:203-207.
311. Tiedemann R., Sarnthein M., Shackleton N.J. Astronomic timescale for the Pliocene Atlantic δ18O and dust flux records of Ocean Drilling Program site 659. Paleoceanography 1994, 9:619-638.
312. Tomkin J.H. Coupling glacial erosion and tectonics at active orogens: a numerical modeling study. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2007, 112.
313. Tomkin J.H., Braun J. The influence of alpine glaciation on the relief of tectonically active mountain belts. Am. J. Sci. 2002, 302:169-190.
314. Tranel L.M., Spotila J.A., Kowalewski M.J., Waller C.M. Spatial variation of erosion in a small, glaciated basin in the Teton Range, Wyoming, based on detrital apatite (U-Th)/He thermochronology. Basin Res. 2011, 23. (no-no).
315. Tucker G.E., Hancock G.R. Modelling landscape evolution. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2010, 35:28-50.
316. Valla P.G., van der Beek P.A., Carcaillet J. Dating bedrock gorge incision in the French Western Alps (Ecrins-Pelvoux massif) using cosmogenic 10Be. Terra Nova 2010, 22:18-25.
317. Valla P.G., Herman F., Beek P.A.v.d, Braun J. Inversion of thermochronological age-elevation profiles to extract independent estimates of denudation and relief history-I: theory and conceptual model. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 295:511-522.
318. Valla P.G., Shuster D.L., Van Der Beek P.A. Significant increase in relief of the European Alps during Mid-Pleistocene glaciations. Nat. Geosci. 2011, 4:688-692.
319. van der Beek P., Bourbon P. A quantification of the glacial imprint on relief development in the French western Alps. Geomorphology 2008, 97:52-72.
320. van der Beek P., Braun J. Numerical modelling of landscape evolution on geological time-scales: a parameter analysis and comparison with the south-eastern highlands of Australia. Basin Res. 1998, 10:49-68.
321. van der Beek P., Valla P.G., Herman F., Braun J., Persano C., Dobson K.J., Labrin E. Inversion of thermochronological age-elevation profiles to extract independent estimates of denudation and relief history-II: application to the French Western Alps. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 295:9-22.
322. van der Wel N., Christoffersen P., Bougamont M. The influence of subglacial hydrology on the flow of Kamb Ice StreamWest Antarctica. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2013, 118.
323. Vance D., Bickle M., Ivy-Ochs S., Kubik P.W. Erosion and exhumation in the Himalaya from cosmogenic isotope inventories of river sediments. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2003, 206:273-288.
324. 2 over the last 100million years. Am. J. Sci. 1987, 287:763-779.
325. von Blanckenburg F. The control mechanisms of erosion and weathering at basin scale from cosmogenic nuclides in river sediment. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2005, 237:462-479.
326. von Blanckenburg F., Hewawasam T., Kubik P.W. Cosmogenic nuclide evidence for low weathering and denudation in the wet, tropical highlands of Sri Lanka. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2004, 109. (F03008).
327. Wager L.R. The Arun River drainage pattern and the rise of the Himalaya. Geogr. J. 1937, 89:239-250.
328. Wagner G.A., Miller D.S., Jäger E. Fission track ages on apatite of Bergell rocks from Central Alps and Bergell boulders in Oligocene sediments. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1979, 45:355-360.
329. Walder J., Hallet B. A theoretical model of the fracture of rock during freezing. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 1985, 96:336-346.
330. Wan S., Kürschner W.M., Clift P.D., Li A., Li T. Extreme weathering/erosion during the Miocene climatic optimum: evidence from sediment record in the South China Sea. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2009, 36. (L19706).
331. Ward D.J., Anderson R.S., Haeussler P.J. Scaling the Teflon peaks: granite, glaciers, and the highest relief in North America. J. Geophys. Res. 2012, 117.
332. Weissel J.K., Pratson L.F., Malinverno A. The length-scaling properties of topography. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 1994, 99:13997-14012.
333. WGMS, NSIDC World Glacier Inventory based on WGMS (1989): World glacier inventory - Status 1988. IAHS (ICSI)/UNEP/UNESCO. World Glacier Monitoring Service, Zurich, Switzerland, and National Snow and Ice Data Center, Boulder CO, U.S.A. Digital Media 1989, updated 2012, W. Haeberli, H. Bösch, K. Scherler, G. Østrem, C.C. Wallén (Eds.).
334. Whipp D.M.J., Ehlers T.A., Braun J., Spath C.D. Effects of exhumation kinematics and topographic evolution on detrital thermochronometer data. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2009, 114. (F04021).
335. Whipple K.X. Bedrock rivers and the geomorphology of active orogens. Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 2004, 32:151-185.
336. Whipple K.X., Meade B.J. Orogen response to changes in climatic and tectonic forcing. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2006, 243:218-228.
337. Whipple K.X., Tucker G.E. Implications of sediment-flux-dependent river incision models for landscape evolution. J. Geophys. Res. B Solid Earth 2002, 107.
338. Whipple K.X., Kirby E., Brocklehurst S.H. Geomorphic limits to climate-induced increases in topographic relief. Nature 1999, 401:39-43.
339. White A.F., Blum A.E. Effects of climate on chemical_ weathering in watersheds. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1995, 59:1729-1747.
340. Willenbring J.K., von Blanckenburg F. Long-term stability of global erosion rates and weathering during late-Cenozoic cooling. Nature 2010, 465:211-214.
341. Willenbring J.K., Codilean A.T., Ferrier K.L., McElroy B., Kirchner J.W. Earth is (mostly) flat, but mountains dominate global denudation: Apportionment of the continental mass flux over millennial time scales, revisited. Geology 2013, (submitted for publication).
342. Willett S.D. Late neogene erosion of the Alps: a climate driverα. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 2010, 38:411-437.
343. Willett S.D., Brandon M.T. On steady states in mountain belts. Geology 2002, 30:175-178.
344. Willett S.D., Beaumont C., Fullsack P. Mechanical model for the tectonics of doubly vergent compressional orogens. Geology 1993, 21:371-374.
345. Wittmann H., von Blanckenburg F., Kruesmann T., Norton K.P., Kubik P.W. Relation between rock uplift and denudation from cosmogenic nuclides in river sediment in the Central Alps of Switzerland. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2007, 112. (F04010).
346. Yanites B.J., Ehlers T.A. Global climate and tectonic controls on the denudation of glaciated mountains. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2012, 325-326:63-75.
347. Yanites B.J., Tucker G.E., Anderson R.S. Numerical and analytical models of cosmogenic radionuclide dynamics in landslide-dominated drainage basins. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2009, 114.
348. Zeitler P.K., Johnson N.M., Naeser C.W., Tahirkheli R.A.K. Fission-track evidence for Quaternary uplift of the Nanga Parbat region, Pakistan. Nature 1982, 298:255-257.
349. Zeitler P.K., Herczeg A.L., McDougall I., Honda M. U-Th-He dating of apatite: a potential thermochronometer. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1987, 51:2865-2868.
350. Zeitler P.K., Koons P.O., Bishop M.P., Chamberlain C.P., Craw D., Edwards M.A., Hamidullah S., Jan M.Q., Khan M.A., Khattak M.U.K., Kidd W.S.F., Mackie R.L., Meltzer A.S., Park S.K., Pecher A., Poage M.A., Sarker G., Schneider D.A., Seeber L., Shroder J.F. Crustal reworking at Nanga Parbat, Pakistan: metamorphic consequences of thermal-mechanical coupling facilitated by erosion. Tectonics 2001, 20:712-728.
351. Zhang X.-Y., Drake N.A., QWainwright J., Mulligan M. Comparison of slope estimates from low resolution DEMs: scalling issues, and a fractal method for their solution. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 1999, 24.
352. Zhang P.-Z., Molnar P., Downs W.R. Increased sedimentation rates and grain sizes 2-4Myr ago due to the influence of climate change on erosion rates. Nature 2001, 410:891-897.
353. Zielinski G.A. Use of paleo-records in determining variability within the volcanism-climate system. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2000, 19:417-438.
354. Zoet L.K., Alley R.B., Anandakrishnan S., Christianson K. Accelerated subglacial erosion in response to stick-slip motion. Geology 2013, 41:159-162.