메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 12, 2013, Pages

Revisiting the Central Metabolism of the Bloodstream Forms of Trypanosoma brucei: Production of Acetate in the Mitochondrion Is Essential for Parasite Viability

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETIC ACID; ACETYL COENZYME A SYNTHETASE; PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE; PYRUVIC ACID; THREONINE;

EID: 84892737050     PISSN: 19352727     EISSN: 19352735     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002587     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (77)

References (55)
  • 2
    • 36549074152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cell biology of Trypanosoma brucei differentiation
    • Fenn K, Matthews KR, (2007) The cell biology of Trypanosoma brucei differentiation. Curr Opin Microbiol 10: 539-546.
    • (2007) Curr Opin Microbiol , vol.10 , pp. 539-546
    • Fenn, K.1    Matthews, K.R.2
  • 3
    • 33745810581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy metabolism of trypanosomatids: adaptation to available carbon sources
    • Bringaud F, Riviere L, Coustou V, (2006) Energy metabolism of trypanosomatids: adaptation to available carbon sources. Mol Biochem Parasitol 149: 1-9.
    • (2006) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.149 , pp. 1-9
    • Bringaud, F.1    Riviere, L.2    Coustou, V.3
  • 4
    • 70149106811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surprising variety in energy metabolism within Trypanosomatidae
    • Tielens AG, van Hellemond JJ, (2009) Surprising variety in energy metabolism within Trypanosomatidae. Trends Parasitol 25: 482-490.
    • (2009) Trends Parasitol , vol.25 , pp. 482-490
    • Tielens, A.G.1    van Hellemond, J.J.2
  • 5
    • 47749098363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose-induced remodelling of intermediary and energy metabolism in procyclic Trypanosoma brucei
    • Coustou V, Biran M, Breton M, Guegan F, Riviere L, et al. (2008) Glucose-induced remodelling of intermediary and energy metabolism in procyclic Trypanosoma brucei. J Biol Chem 283: 16342-16354.
    • (2008) J Biol Chem , vol.283 , pp. 16342-16354
    • Coustou, V.1    Biran, M.2    Breton, M.3    Guegan, F.4    Riviere, L.5
  • 6
    • 15044345677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proline metabolism in procyclic Trypanosoma brucei is down-regulated in the presence of glucose
    • Lamour N, Riviere L, Coustou V, Coombs GH, Barrett MP, et al. (2005) Proline metabolism in procyclic Trypanosoma brucei is down-regulated in the presence of glucose. J Biol Chem 280: 11902-11910.
    • (2005) J Biol Chem , vol.280 , pp. 11902-11910
    • Lamour, N.1    Riviere, L.2    Coustou, V.3    Coombs, G.H.4    Barrett, M.P.5
  • 7
    • 0017366999 scopus 로고
    • Localization of nine glycolytic enzymes in a microbody-like organelle in Trypanosoma brucei: the glycosome
    • Opperdoes FR, Borst P, (1977) Localization of nine glycolytic enzymes in a microbody-like organelle in Trypanosoma brucei: the glycosome. FEBS Lett 80: 360-364.
    • (1977) FEBS Lett , vol.80 , pp. 360-364
    • Opperdoes, F.R.1    Borst, P.2
  • 8
    • 0032539820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosomatidae produce acetate via a mitochondrial acetate:succinate CoA transferase
    • Van Hellemond JJ, Opperdoes FR, Tielens AG, (1998) Trypanosomatidae produce acetate via a mitochondrial acetate:succinate CoA transferase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95: 3036-3041.
    • (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.95 , pp. 3036-3041
    • Van Hellemond, J.J.1    Opperdoes, F.R.2    Tielens, A.G.3
  • 9
    • 8544270947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetyl:succinate CoA-transferase in procyclic Trypanosoma brucei. Gene identification and role in carbohydrate metabolism
    • Riviere L, van Weelden SW, Glass P, Vegh P, Coustou V, et al. (2004) Acetyl:succinate CoA-transferase in procyclic Trypanosoma brucei. Gene identification and role in carbohydrate metabolism. J Biol Chem 279: 45337-45346.
    • (2004) J Biol Chem , vol.279 , pp. 45337-45346
    • Riviere, L.1    van Weelden, S.W.2    Glass, P.3    Vegh, P.4    Coustou, V.5
  • 10
    • 84861215880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATP synthesis-coupled and -uncoupled acetate production from acetyl-CoA by the mitochondrial acetate:succinate CoA-transferase and acetyl-CoA thioesterase in Trypanosoma
    • Millerioux Y, Morand P, Biran M, Mazet M, Moreau P, et al. (2012) ATP synthesis-coupled and-uncoupled acetate production from acetyl-CoA by the mitochondrial acetate:succinate CoA-transferase and acetyl-CoA thioesterase in Trypanosoma. J Biol Chem 287: 17186-17197.
    • (2012) J Biol Chem , vol.287 , pp. 17186-17197
    • Millerioux, Y.1    Morand, P.2    Biran, M.3    Mazet, M.4    Moreau, P.5
  • 11
    • 0016708529 scopus 로고
    • Utilization of amino acids by Trypanosoma brucei in culture: L-threonine as a precursor for acetate
    • Cross GA, Klein RA, Linstead DJ, (1975) Utilization of amino acids by Trypanosoma brucei in culture: L-threonine as a precursor for acetate. Parasitology 71: 311-326.
    • (1975) Parasitology , vol.71 , pp. 311-326
    • Cross, G.A.1    Klein, R.A.2    Linstead, D.J.3
  • 13
    • 69149109724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetate produced in the mitochondrion is the essential precursor of lipid biosynthesis in procyclic trypanosomes
    • Riviere L, Moreau P, Allmann S, Hahn M, Biran M, et al. (2009) Acetate produced in the mitochondrion is the essential precursor of lipid biosynthesis in procyclic trypanosomes. Proc Natl Aca Sci USA 106: 12694-12699.
    • (2009) Proc Natl Aca Sci USA , vol.106 , pp. 12694-12699
    • Riviere, L.1    Moreau, P.2    Allmann, S.3    Hahn, M.4    Biran, M.5
  • 14
    • 0001695264 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the metabolism of protozoa. 9. Comparative metabolism of bloodstream and culture forms of Trypanosoma rhodesiense
    • Ryley JF, (1962) Studies on the metabolism of protozoa. 9. Comparative metabolism of bloodstream and culture forms of Trypanosoma rhodesiense. Biochem J 85: 211-223.
    • (1962) Biochem J , vol.85 , pp. 211-223
    • Ryley, J.F.1
  • 15
    • 0017089323 scopus 로고
    • Trypanosomiasis: an approach to chemotherapy by the inhibition of carbohydrate catabolism
    • Clarkson AB Jr, Brohn FH, (1976) Trypanosomiasis: an approach to chemotherapy by the inhibition of carbohydrate catabolism. Science 194: 204-206.
    • (1976) Science , vol.194 , pp. 204-206
    • Clarkson Jr., A.B.1    Brohn, F.H.2
  • 16
    • 0018977225 scopus 로고
    • Glycolysis in Trypanosoma brucei
    • Visser N, Opperdoes FR, (1980) Glycolysis in Trypanosoma brucei. Eur J Biochem 103: 623-632.
    • (1980) Eur J Biochem , vol.103 , pp. 623-632
    • Visser, N.1    Opperdoes, F.R.2
  • 17
    • 0000753134 scopus 로고
    • The catabolism of glucose by strains of Trypanosoma rhodesiense
    • Grant PT, Fulton JD, (1957) The catabolism of glucose by strains of Trypanosoma rhodesiense. Biochem J 66: 242-250.
    • (1957) Biochem J , vol.66 , pp. 242-250
    • Grant, P.T.1    Fulton, J.D.2
  • 19
    • 68549090822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptations in the glucose metabolism of procyclic Trypanosoma brucei isolates from tsetse flies and during differentiation of bloodstream forms
    • van Grinsven KW, Van Den Abbeele J, Van den Bossche P, van Hellemond JJ, Tielens AG, (2009) Adaptations in the glucose metabolism of procyclic Trypanosoma brucei isolates from tsetse flies and during differentiation of bloodstream forms. Eukaryot Cell 8: 1307-1311.
    • (2009) Eukaryot Cell , vol.8 , pp. 1307-1311
    • van Grinsven, K.W.1    Van Den Abbeele, J.2    Van den Bossche, P.3    van Hellemond, J.J.4    Tielens, A.G.5
  • 20
    • 0015864708 scopus 로고
    • Cultivation of Trypanosoma brucei sspp. in semi-defined and defined media
    • Cross GA, Manning JC, (1973) Cultivation of Trypanosoma brucei sspp. in semi-defined and defined media. Parasitology 67: 315-331.
    • (1973) Parasitology , vol.67 , pp. 315-331
    • Cross, G.A.1    Manning, J.C.2
  • 21
    • 50049119391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fly transmission and mating of Trypanosoma brucei brucei strain 427
    • Peacock L, Ferris V, Bailey M, Gibson W, (2008) Fly transmission and mating of Trypanosoma brucei brucei strain 427. Mol Biochem Parasitol 160: 100-106.
    • (2008) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.160 , pp. 100-106
    • Peacock, L.1    Ferris, V.2    Bailey, M.3    Gibson, W.4
  • 22
    • 0024948840 scopus 로고
    • Continuous cultivation of Trypanosoma brucei blood stream forms in a medium containing a low concentration of serum protein without feeder cell layers
    • Hirumi H, Hirumi K, (1989) Continuous cultivation of Trypanosoma brucei blood stream forms in a medium containing a low concentration of serum protein without feeder cell layers. J Parasitol 75: 985-989.
    • (1989) J Parasitol , vol.75 , pp. 985-989
    • Hirumi, H.1    Hirumi, K.2
  • 23
    • 0018601361 scopus 로고
    • Cultivation and in vitro cloning or procyclic culture forms of Trypanosoma brucei in a semi-defined medium
    • Brun R, Schonenberger M, (1979) Cultivation and in vitro cloning or procyclic culture forms of Trypanosoma brucei in a semi-defined medium. Acta Trop 36: 289-292.
    • (1979) Acta Trop , vol.36 , pp. 289-292
    • Brun, R.1    Schonenberger, M.2
  • 24
    • 0033525524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A tightly regulated inducible expression system for conditional gene knock-outs and dominant-negative genetics in Trypanosoma brucei
    • Wirtz E, Leal S, Ochatt C, Cross GA, (1999) A tightly regulated inducible expression system for conditional gene knock-outs and dominant-negative genetics in Trypanosoma brucei. Mol Biochem Parasitol 99: 89-101.
    • (1999) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.99 , pp. 89-101
    • Wirtz, E.1    Leal, S.2    Ochatt, C.3    Cross, G.A.4
  • 25
    • 34247480578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highly efficient stable transformation of bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei
    • Burkard G, Fragoso CM, Roditi I, (2007) Highly efficient stable transformation of bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei. Mol Biochem Parasitol 153: 220-223.
    • (2007) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.153 , pp. 220-223
    • Burkard, G.1    Fragoso, C.M.2    Roditi, I.3
  • 28
    • 77957775869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ablation of succinate production from glucose metabolism in the procyclic trypanosomes induces metabolic switches to the glycerol 3-phosphate/dihydroxyacetone phosphate shuttle and to proline metabolism
    • Ebikeme C, Hubert J, Biran M, Gouspillou G, Morand P, et al. (2010) Ablation of succinate production from glucose metabolism in the procyclic trypanosomes induces metabolic switches to the glycerol 3-phosphate/dihydroxyacetone phosphate shuttle and to proline metabolism. J Biol Chem 285: 32312-32324.
    • (2010) J Biol Chem , vol.285 , pp. 32312-32324
    • Ebikeme, C.1    Hubert, J.2    Biran, M.3    Gouspillou, G.4    Morand, P.5
  • 29
    • 0029564258 scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterization of the mitochondrial heat shock protein 60 gene from Trypanosoma brucei
    • Bringaud F, Peyruchaud S, Baltz D, Giroud C, Simpson L, et al. (1995) Molecular characterization of the mitochondrial heat shock protein 60 gene from Trypanosoma brucei. Mol Biochem Parasitol 74: 119-123.
    • (1995) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.74 , pp. 119-123
    • Bringaud, F.1    Peyruchaud, S.2    Baltz, D.3    Giroud, C.4    Simpson, L.5
  • 30
    • 0033555250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Affinity chromatography using trypanocidal arsenical drugs identifies a specific interaction between glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Trypanosoma brucei and Cymelarsan
    • Denise H, Giroud C, Barrett MP, Baltz T, (1999) Affinity chromatography using trypanocidal arsenical drugs identifies a specific interaction between glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Trypanosoma brucei and Cymelarsan. Eur J Biochem 259: 339-346.
    • (1999) Eur J Biochem , vol.259 , pp. 339-346
    • Denise, H.1    Giroud, C.2    Barrett, M.P.3    Baltz, T.4
  • 33
    • 0033169005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentration Measurement by Proton NMR Using the ERETIC Method
    • Akoka S, Barantin L, Trierweiler M, (1999) Concentration Measurement by Proton NMR Using the ERETIC Method. Anal Chem 71: 2554-2557.
    • (1999) Anal Chem , vol.71 , pp. 2554-2557
    • Akoka, S.1    Barantin, L.2    Trierweiler, M.3
  • 34
    • 0018734583 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of acetate in human blood by gas chromatography: effects of sample preparation, feeding, and various diseases
    • Tollinger CD, Vreman HJ, Weiner MW, (1979) Measurement of acetate in human blood by gas chromatography: effects of sample preparation, feeding, and various diseases. Clin Chem 25: 1787-1790.
    • (1979) Clin Chem , vol.25 , pp. 1787-1790
    • Tollinger, C.D.1    Vreman, H.J.2    Weiner, M.W.3
  • 35
    • 84877140339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of plasma amino Acid concentrations and chondroprotective effects of glucosamine and fish collagen Peptide on the development of osteoarthritis
    • Ohnishi A, Osaki T, Matahira Y, Tsuka T, Imagawa T, et al. (2013) Correlation of plasma amino Acid concentrations and chondroprotective effects of glucosamine and fish collagen Peptide on the development of osteoarthritis. J Vet Med Sci 75: 497-502.
    • (2013) J Vet Med Sci , vol.75 , pp. 497-502
    • Ohnishi, A.1    Osaki, T.2    Matahira, Y.3    Tsuka, T.4    Imagawa, T.5
  • 36
    • 33947414585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis in Trypanosoma brucei
    • Stephens JL, Lee SH, Paul KS, Englund PT, (2007) Mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis in Trypanosoma brucei. J Biol Chem 282: 4427-4436.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , pp. 4427-4436
    • Stephens, J.L.1    Lee, S.H.2    Paul, K.S.3    Englund, P.T.4
  • 37
    • 84877863145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolomics guides rational development of a simplified cell culture medium for drug screening against Trypanosoma brucei
    • Creek DJ, Nijagal B, Kim DH, Rojas F, Matthews KR, et al. (2013) Metabolomics guides rational development of a simplified cell culture medium for drug screening against Trypanosoma brucei. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 57 (6) (): 2768-79.
    • (2013) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.57 , Issue.6 , pp. 2768-2779
    • Creek, D.J.1    Nijagal, B.2    Kim, D.H.3    Rojas, F.4    Matthews, K.R.5
  • 38
    • 0001227791 scopus 로고
    • Carbohydrate metabolism in african trypanosomes, with special reference to the glycosome
    • (Morgan, M. J. ed.), Plenum Publishing Corporation
    • Fairlamb AH, Opperdoes FR (1986) Carbohydrate metabolism in african trypanosomes, with special reference to the glycosome. in Carbohydrate Metabolism in Cultured Cells (Morgan, M. J. ed.), Plenum Publishing Corporation. pp 183-224.
    • (1986) Carbohydrate Metabolism in Cultured Cells , pp. 183-224
    • Fairlamb, A.H.1    Opperdoes, F.R.2
  • 39
    • 84856218111 scopus 로고
    • The glucose metabolism in vitro of Trypanosoma rhodesiense
    • Fulton JD, Stevens TS, (1945) The glucose metabolism in vitro of Trypanosoma rhodesiense. Biochem J 39: 317-320.
    • (1945) Biochem J , vol.39 , pp. 317-320
    • Fulton, J.D.1    Stevens, T.S.2
  • 40
    • 0013675730 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the metabolism of the Protozoa. 7. Comparative carbohydrate metabolism of eleven species of trypanosome
    • Ryley JF, (1956) Studies on the metabolism of the Protozoa. 7. Comparative carbohydrate metabolism of eleven species of trypanosome. Biochem J 62: 215-222.
    • (1956) Biochem J , vol.62 , pp. 215-222
    • Ryley, J.F.1
  • 41
    • 84866002513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Third target of rapamycin complex negatively regulates development of quiescence in Trypanosoma brucei
    • Barquilla A, Saldivia M, Diaz R, Bart JM, Vidal I, et al. (2012) Third target of rapamycin complex negatively regulates development of quiescence in Trypanosoma brucei. Proc Natl Aca Sci USA 109: 14399-14404.
    • (2012) Proc Natl Aca Sci USA , vol.109 , pp. 14399-14404
    • Barquilla, A.1    Saldivia, M.2    Diaz, R.3    Bart, J.M.4    Vidal, I.5
  • 42
    • 79960718370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipoamide dehydrogenase is essential for both bloodstream and procyclic Trypanosoma brucei
    • Roldan A, Comini MA, Crispo M, Krauth-Siegel RL, (2011) Lipoamide dehydrogenase is essential for both bloodstream and procyclic Trypanosoma brucei. Mol Microbiol 81: 623-639.
    • (2011) Mol Microbiol , vol.81 , pp. 623-639
    • Roldan, A.1    Comini, M.A.2    Crispo, M.3    Krauth-Siegel, R.L.4
  • 43
    • 84867423957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteome remodelling during development from blood to insect-form Trypanosoma brucei quantified by SILAC and mass spectrometry
    • Gunasekera K, Wuthrich D, Braga-Lagache S, Heller M, Ochsenreiter T, (2012) Proteome remodelling during development from blood to insect-form Trypanosoma brucei quantified by SILAC and mass spectrometry. BMC Genomics 13: 556.
    • (2012) BMC Genomics , vol.13 , pp. 556
    • Gunasekera, K.1    Wuthrich, D.2    Braga-Lagache, S.3    Heller, M.4    Ochsenreiter, T.5
  • 44
    • 84862312013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proliferating bloodstream-form Trypanosoma brucei use a negligible part of consumed glucose for anabolic processes
    • Haanstra JR, van Tuijl A, van Dam J, van Winden W, Tielens AG, et al. (2012) Proliferating bloodstream-form Trypanosoma brucei use a negligible part of consumed glucose for anabolic processes. Int J Parasitol 42: 667-673.
    • (2012) Int J Parasitol , vol.42 , pp. 667-673
    • Haanstra, J.R.1    van Tuijl, A.2    van Dam, J.3    van Winden, W.4    Tielens, A.G.5
  • 45
    • 0020675344 scopus 로고
    • The role of threonine in the metabolism of acetyl coenzyme a by Trypanosoma brucei brucei
    • Gilbert RJ, Klein RA, Miller PG, (1983) The role of threonine in the metabolism of acetyl coenzyme a by Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Comp Biochem Physiol B 74: 277-281.
    • (1983) Comp Biochem Physiol B , vol.74 , pp. 277-281
    • Gilbert, R.J.1    Klein, R.A.2    Miller, P.G.3
  • 46
    • 84884702027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The threonine degradation pathway of the Trypanosoma brucei procyclic form: the main carbon source for lipid biosynthesis is under metabolic control
    • Millerioux Y, Ebikeme C, Biran M, Morand P, Bouyssou G, et al. (2013) The threonine degradation pathway of the Trypanosoma brucei procyclic form: the main carbon source for lipid biosynthesis is under metabolic control. Mol Microbiol 90 (1) (): 114-29.
    • (2013) Mol Microbiol , vol.90 , Issue.1 , pp. 114-129
    • Millerioux, Y.1    Ebikeme, C.2    Biran, M.3    Morand, P.4    Bouyssou, G.5
  • 47
    • 79953043038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Requirement for acetyl-CoA carboxylase in Trypanosoma brucei is dependent upon the growth environment
    • Vigueira PA, Paul KS, (2011) Requirement for acetyl-CoA carboxylase in Trypanosoma brucei is dependent upon the growth environment. Mol Microbiol 80: 117-132.
    • (2011) Mol Microbiol , vol.80 , pp. 117-132
    • Vigueira, P.A.1    Paul, K.S.2
  • 48
    • 33747154470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid synthesis by elongases in trypanosomes
    • Lee SH, Stephens JL, Paul KS, Englund PT, (2006) Fatty acid synthesis by elongases in trypanosomes. Cell 126: 691-699.
    • (2006) Cell , vol.126 , pp. 691-699
    • Lee, S.H.1    Stephens, J.L.2    Paul, K.S.3    Englund, P.T.4
  • 49
    • 33947407572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A fatty-acid synthesis mechanism specialized for parasitism
    • Lee SH, Stephens JL, Englund PT, (2007) A fatty-acid synthesis mechanism specialized for parasitism. Nat Rev Microbiol 5: 287-297.
    • (2007) Nat Rev Microbiol , vol.5 , pp. 287-297
    • Lee, S.H.1    Stephens, J.L.2    Englund, P.T.3
  • 50
    • 77953552971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid metabolism in Trypanosoma brucei
    • Smith TK, Butikofer P, (2010) Lipid metabolism in Trypanosoma brucei. Mol Biochem Parasitol 172: 66-79.
    • (2010) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.172 , pp. 66-79
    • Smith, T.K.1    Butikofer, P.2
  • 51
    • 0023492718 scopus 로고
    • Further biochemical characterization of chronic Trypanosoma brucei gambiense-Microtus montanus infection
    • Seed JR, Sechelski J, Hall JE, (1987) Further biochemical characterization of chronic Trypanosoma brucei gambiense-Microtus montanus infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 37: 314-319.
    • (1987) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.37 , pp. 314-319
    • Seed, J.R.1    Sechelski, J.2    Hall, J.E.3
  • 52
    • 43149097159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global metabolic responses of mice to Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection
    • Wang Y, Utzinger J, Saric J, Li JV, Burckhardt J, et al. (2008) Global metabolic responses of mice to Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105: 6127-6132.
    • (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.105 , pp. 6127-6132
    • Wang, Y.1    Utzinger, J.2    Saric, J.3    Li, J.V.4    Burckhardt, J.5
  • 53
    • 70449720907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alanine aminotransferase of Trypanosoma brucei - a key role in proline metabolism in procyclic life forms
    • Spitznagel D, Ebikeme C, Biran M, Nic a' Bhaird N, Bringaud F, et al. (2009) Alanine aminotransferase of Trypanosoma brucei- a key role in proline metabolism in procyclic life forms. FEBS J 276: 7187-7199.
    • (2009) FEBS J , vol.276 , pp. 7187-7199
    • Spitznagel, D.1    Ebikeme, C.2    Biran, M.3    Nic a' Bhaird, N.4    Bringaud, F.5
  • 54
    • 14644431768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origin of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase genes of kinetoplastids, with special reference to their biological significance and adaptation to anaerobic, parasitic conditions
    • Annoura T, Nara T, Makiuchi T, Hashimoto T, Aoki T, (2005) The origin of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase genes of kinetoplastids, with special reference to their biological significance and adaptation to anaerobic, parasitic conditions. J Mol Evol 60: 113-127.
    • (2005) J Mol Evol , vol.60 , pp. 113-127
    • Annoura, T.1    Nara, T.2    Makiuchi, T.3    Hashimoto, T.4    Aoki, T.5
  • 55
    • 78649891891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Trypanosoma brucei MitoCarta and its regulation and splicing pattern during development
    • Zhang X, Cui J, Nilsson D, Gunasekera K, Chanfon A, et al. (2010) The Trypanosoma brucei MitoCarta and its regulation and splicing pattern during development. Nucleic Acids Res 38: 7378-87.
    • (2010) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.38 , pp. 7378-7387
    • Zhang, X.1    Cui, J.2    Nilsson, D.3    Gunasekera, K.4    Chanfon, A.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.