Artificial sweeteners in a large Canadian river reflect human consumption in the watershed

PLoS ONE

Volumn 8, Issue 12, 2013, Pages

  Spoelstra, John ^a,b   Schiff, Sherry L ^b   Brown, Susan J ^a  

^a ENVIRONMENT CANADA   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACESULFAME; CYCLAMATE SODIUM; DISSOLVED OXYGEN; DRINKING WATER; SACCHARIN; SUCRALOSE; SURFACE WATER; SWEETENING AGENT;

AGRICULTURE; ARTICLE; BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY; CANADA; CITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; EFFLUENT; FOOD INTAKE; LAKE; LIMIT OF DETECTION; MICROFLORA; NUTRIENT; PLUME; RIVER; RIVER BASIN; URBAN AREA; WASTE; WASTE WATER; WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT; WATER CONTAMINATION; WATER POLLUTION INDICATOR; WATER SAMPLING; WATERSHED;

FRESH WATER; GEOGRAPHY; HUMANS; ONTARIO; RIVERS; SWEETENING AGENTS; WATER POLLUTANTS, CHEMICAL;

EID: 84892621861     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082706     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Brorström-Lundén E, Svenson A, Viktor T, Woldegiorgis A, Remberger M, et al. (2008) Measurements of sucralose in the Swedish Screening Program 2007 - PART I; Sucralose in surface waters and STP samples. Report B1769, IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Ltd., Stockholm, Sweden. 24 p.
2. Buerge IJ, Buser H-R, Kahle M, Müller MD, Poiger T (2009) Ubiquitous occurrence of the artificial sweetener acesulfame in the aquatic environment: an ideal chemical marker of domestic wastewater in groundwater. Environ Sci Technol 43(12): 4381-4385.
3. Scheurer M, Brauch H-J, Lange FT (2009) Analysis and occurrence of seven artificial sweeteners in German waste water and surface water and in soil aquifer treatment (SAT). Anal Bioanal Chem 394: 1585-1594.
4. Van Stempvoort DR, Roy JW, Brown SJ, Bickerton G (2011) Artificial sweeteners as potential tracers in groundwater in urban environments. J Hydrol 401(102): 126-133.
5. Van Stempvoort DR, Robertson WO, Brown S (2011) Artificial sweeteners in a large septic plume. Ground Water Monit R 31(4): 95-102.
6. Robertson WD, Van Stempvoort DR, Solomon DK, Homewood J, Brown SJ, et al. (2013) Persistence of artificial sweeteners in a 15-year-old septic system plume. J Hydrol 477: 43-54.
7. Van Stempvoort DR, Roy JW, Grabuski J, Brown SJ, Bickerton G, et al. (2013) An artificial sweetener and pharmaceutical compounds as co-tracers of urban wastewater in groundwater. Sci Total Environ 461-462: 348-359.
8. Wolf L, Zwiener C, Zemann M (2012) Tracking artificial sweeteners and pharmaceuticals introduced into urban groundwater by leaking sewer networks. Sci Total Environ 430: 8-19.
9. Scheurer M, Storck FR, Brauch H-J, Lange FT (2010) Performance of conventional multi-barrier drinking water treatment plants for the removal of four artificial sweeteners. Water Res 44(12): 3573-3584.
10. Mawhinney DB, Young RB, Vanderford BJ, Borch T, Snyder SA (2011) Artificial sweetener sucralose in U.S. drinking water systems. Environ Sci Technol 45(20): 8716-8722.
11. Grand River Conservation Authority (2012) Grand River Conservation Authority Strategic Plan. Available: http://www.grandriver.ca/grca/2012- StratPlan.pdf. 6 pp. Accessed 2012 Dec 4.
12. Rosamond MS, Thuss SJ, Schiff SL (2012) Dependence of riverine nitrous oxide emissions on dissolved oxygen levels. Nat Geosci 5: 715-718.
13. Ferrer I, Thurman EM (2010) Analysis of sucralose and other sweeteners in water and beverage samples by liquid chromatography/time-of flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1217(25): 4127-4134.
14. Oppenheimer J, Eaton A, Badruzzaman M, Haghani AW, Jacangelo JG (2011) Occurrence and suitability of sucralose as an indicator compound of wastewater loading to surface waters in urbanized regions. Water Res 45(13): 4019-4027.
15. Labare MP, Alexander M (1993) Biodegradation of sucralose, a chlorinated carbohydrate, in samples of natural environments. Environ Chem 12: 797-804.
16. Labare MP, Alexander M (1994) Microbial cometabolism of sucralose, a chlorinated disaccharide, in environmental samples. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 42: 173-178.
17. The Corporation of the City of Brantford (2013) City of Brantford water system 2012 annual report. Avalable: http://www.brantford.ca/ Water%20Quality%20Publications%20%20Documents/Annual%20Report%202012%20-%20 including%20Parts%202A,%20Part%203.pdf. 27 pp. Accessed 2013 Aug 12.
18. Leclercq C, Berardi D, Sorbillo MR, Lambe J (1999) Intake of saccharin, aspartame, acesulfame K and cyclamate in Italian teenagers: present levels and projections. Food Addit Contam 16(3): 99-109.
19. Leth T, Jensen U, Fagt S, Andersen R (2008) Estimated intake of intense sweeteners from non-alcoholic beverages in Denmark, 2005. Food Addit Contam 25: 662-668.
20. Lino CM, Costa IM, Pena A, Ferreira R, Cardoso SM (2008) Estimated intake of the sweeteners, acesulfame-K and aspartame, from soft drinks, soft drinks based on mineral waters and nectars for a group of Portuguese teenage students. Food Addit Contam 25(11): 1291-1296.
21. Huvaere K, Vandevijvere S, Hasni M, Vinkx C, Van Loco J (2012) Dietary intake of artificial sweeteners by the Belgian population. Food Addit Contam 29(1): 54-65.
22. Hjorth M, Hansen JH, Camus L (2011) Short-term effects of sucralose on Calanus finmarchicus and Calanus glacialis in Disko Bay, Greenland. Chem Ecol 26: 385-393.
23. Huggett DB, Stoddard KI (2011) Effects of the artificial sweetener sucralose on Daphnia magna and Americamysis bahia survival, growth and reproduction. Food Chem Toxicol 49: 2575-2579.
24. Lillicrap A, Langford K, Tollefsen KE (2011) Bioconcentration of the intense sweetener sucralose in a multitrophic battery of aquatic organisms. Environ Toxicol Chem 30: 673-681.
25. Soh L, Connors KA, Brooks BW, Zimmerman J (2011) Fate of sucralose through environmental and water treatment processes and impact on plant indicator species. Environ Sci Technol 45(4): 1363-1369.
26. Wiklund A-KE, Breitholtz M, Bengtsson B-E, Adolfsson-Erici M (2012) Sucralose - An ecotoxicological challenger? Chemosphere 86: 50-55.
27. Buerge IJ, Keller M, Buser H-R, Müller MD, Poiger T (2011) Saccharin and other artificial sweeteners in soils: estimated inputs from agriculture and households, degradation, and leaching to groundwater. Environ Sci Technol 45(2): 615-621.
28. Loos R, Gawlik BM, Boettcher K, Locoro G, Contini S, et al. (2009) Sucralose screening in European surface waters using a solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method. J Chromatogr A 1216(7): 1126-1131.
29. Engelhardt I, Piepenbrink M, Trauth N, Stadler S, Kludt C, et al. (2011) Comparison of tracer methods to quantify hydrodynamic exchange within the hyporheic zone. J Hydrol 400: 255-266.
30. Minten J, Adolfsson-Erici M, Bjorlenius B, Alsberg T (2011) A method for the analysis of sucralose with electrospray LC/MS in recipient waters and in sewage effluent subjected to tertiary treatment technologies. Int J Environ Anal Chem 91: 357-366.
31. Müller CE, Gerecke AC, Alder AC, Scheringer M, Hungerbühler K (2011) Identification of perfluoroalkyl acid sources in Swiss surface waters with the help of the artificial sweetener acesulfame. Environ Pollut 159: 1419-1426.