Hydrogen production from bioethanol

Hydrogen Production: Prospects and Processes

Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 274-294

  Vizcaíno, Arturo J ^a   Carrero, Alicia ^a   Calles, José A ^a  

^a UNIVERSIDAD REY JUAN CARLOS   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84892022284     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (175)

1. International Energy Agency. World Energy Outlook 2008; IEA Publications: Paris, 2008
2. Momirlan, M.; Veziroǧlu, T. Recent directions of world hydrogen production. Renew. Sust. Energy Rev. 1999, 3, 219-231
3. Huber, G.W.; Iborra, S.; Corma, A. Synthesis of Transportation Fuels from Biomass: Chemistry, Catalysts and Engineering. Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 4044-4098
4. Bockris, J.O'M. The origin of ideas on a Hydrogen Economy and its solution to the decay of the environment. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2002, 27, 731-740
5. Abbott, D. Keeping the Energy Debate Clean: How Do We Supply the World's Energy Needs? Proc. IEEE 2010, 98, 42-66
6. Holladay, J.D.; Hu, J.; King, D.L.; Wang, Y. An overview of hydrogen production technologies. Catal. Today 2009, 139, 244-260
7. Mormilan, M.; Veziroǧlu T.N. The properties of hydrogen as fuel tomorrow in sustainable energy system. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2005, 30, 795-802
8. Tanksale, A.; Beltramini, J.N.; Max Lu, G.Q. A review of catalytic hydrogen production processes from biomass. Renew. Sust. Energy Rev. 2010, 14, 166-182
9. Kothari, R.; Buddhi, D.; Sawhney, R.L. Comparison of environmental and economic aspects of various hydrogen production methods. Renew. Sust. Energy Rev. 2008, 12, 553-563
10. Haryanto, A.; Fernando, S.; Murali, N.; Adhikari, S. Current Status of Hydrogen Production Techniques by Steam Reforming of Ethanol: A Review. Energy Fuels 2005, 19, 2098-2106
11. Kalinci, Y.; Hepbasli, A.; Dincer, I. Biomass-based hydrogen production: A review and analysis. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2009, 34, 8799-8817
12. Balat, H.; Ki{dotless}rtay, E. Hydrogen from biomass - Present scenario and future prospects. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2010, 35, 7416-7426
13. Kapdan, I.K.; Kargi, F. Bio-hydrogen production from waste materials. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 2006, 38, 569-582
14. MacLean, H.L.; Lave, L.B. Evaluating automobile fuel/propulsion system technologies. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 2003, 29, 1-69
15. Silveira, J.L.; Braga, L.B.; de Souza, A.C.C.; Antunes, J.S.; Zanzi, R. The benefits of ethanol use for hydrogen production in urban transportation. Renew. Sust. Energy Rev. 2009, 13, 2525-2534
16. Gray, K.A.; Zhao, L.; Emptage, M. Bioethanol. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2006, 10, 141-146
17. Ferreira-Aparicio, P.; Benito, M.J.; Sanz, J. L. New Trends in Reforming Technologies: from Hydrogen Industrial Plants to Multifuel Microreformers. Catal. Rev. 2005, 47, 491-588
18. Demirbas, A. Progress and recent trends in biofuels. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 2007, 33, 1-18
19. Kunze, J.; Stimming, U. Electrochemical Versus Heat-Engine Energy Technology: A Tribute to Wilhelm Ostwald's Visionary Statements. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 9230-9237
20. International Energy Agency. Sustainable Production of Second-Generation Biofuels: Potential and perspectives in major economies and developing countries; OECD/IEA: Paris, 2010
21. Shapouri, H.; Duffield, J.A.; Wang, M. The energy balance of corn ethanol revisited, Trans. ASAE 2003, 46, 959-968
22. Deluga, G.A.; Salge, J.R.; Schmidt, L.D.; Verykios, X.E. Renewable hydrogen from ethanol by autothermal reforming. Science 2004, 303, 993-997
23. Navarro, R.M.; Peña, M.A.; Fierro, J.L.G. Hydrogen Production Reactions from Carbon Feedstocks: Fossil Fuels and Biomass. Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 3952-3991
24. Cruz, I.O.; Ribeiro, N.F.P.; Aranda, D.A.G.; Souza, M.M.V.M. Hydrogen production by aqueous-phase reforming of ethanol over nickel catalysts prepared from hydrotalcite precursors. Catal. Commun. 2008, 9, 2606-2611
25. Roy, B.; Loganathan, K.; Pham, H.N.; Datye, A.K.; Leclerc, C.A. Surface modification of solution combustion synthesized Ni/Al2O3 catalyst for aqueous-phase reforming of ethanol. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2010, 35, 11700-11708
26. Tokarev, A.V.; Kirilin, A.V.; Murzina, E.V.; Eränen, K.; Kustov, L.M.; Murzin, D.Y.; Mikkola, J.P. The role of bioethanol in aqueous phase reforming to sustainable hydrogen. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2010, 35, 12642-12649
27. De Oliveira-Vigier, K.; Abatzoglou, N.; Gitzhofer, F. Dry reforming of ethanol in the presence of a 316 stainless steel catalyst. Can. J. Chem. Eng. 2005, 83, 978-984
28. Jankhah, S.; Abatzoglou, N.; Gitzhofer, F. Thermal and catalytic dry reforming and cracking of ethanol for hydrogen and carbon nanofilaments' production. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2008, 33, 4769-4779
29. Wang, W.; Wang, Y. Dry reforming of ethanol for hydrogen production: Thermodynamic investigation. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2009, 34, 5382-5389
30. Bellido, J.D.A.; Tanabe, E.Y.; Assaf, E.M. Carbon dioxide reforming of ethanol over Ni/Y2O3-ZrO2 catalysts. Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 2009, 90, 485-488
31. Jankhah, S.; Abatzoglou, N.; Gitzhofer, F.; Blanchard, J.; Oudghiri-Hassani, H. Catalytic properties of carbon nano-filaments produced by iron-catalysed reforming of ethanol. Chem. Eng. J. 2008, 139, 532-539
32. Xuan, J.; Leung, M.K.H.; Leung, D.Y.C.; Ni, M. A review of biomass-derived fuel processors for fuel cell systems. Renew. Sust. Energy Rev. 2009, 13, 1301-1313
33. Ni, M.; Leung, D.Y.C.; Leung, M.K.H. A review on reforming bioethanol for hydrogen production. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2007, 32, 3238-3247
34. Rabenstein, G.; Hacker, V. Hydrogen for fuel cells from ethanol by steam-reforming, partial-oxidation and combined auto-thermal reforming: A thermodynamic analysis. J. Power Sources 2008, 185, 1293-1304
35. Brown, L.F. A comparative study of fuels for on-board hydrogen production for fuelcell-powered automobiles. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2001, 26, 381-397
36. Ritter, J.A.; Ebner, A.D. State-of-the-Art Adsorption and Membrane Separation Processes for Hydrogen Production in the Chemical and Petrochemical Industries. Sep. Sci. Technol. 2007, 42, 1123-1193
37. Armor, J.N. The multiple roles for catalysis in the production of H2. Appl. Catal. AGen. 1999, 176, 159-176
38. Liguras, D.K.; Goundani, K.; Verykios, X.E. Production of hydrogen for fuel cells by catalytic partial oxidation of ethanol over structured Ru catalysts. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2004, 29, 419-427
39. Liguras, D.K.; Goundani, K.; Verykios, X.E. Production of hydrogen for fuel cells by catalytic partial oxidation of ethanol over structured Ni catalysts. J. Power Sources 2004, 130, 30-37
40. Mattos, L.V.; Noronha, F.B. Partial oxidation of ethanol on supported Pt catalysts. J. Power Sources 2005, 145, 10-15
41. Silva, A.M.; Barandas, A.P.M.G.; Costa, L.O.O.; Borges, L.E.P.; Mattos, L.V.; Noronha, F.B. Partial oxidation of ethanol on Ru/Y2O3 and Pd/Y2O3, catalysts for hydrogen production. Catal. Today 2007, 129, 297-304
42. Silva, A.M.; de Farias, A.M.D.; Barandas, A.P.M.G.; Mattos, L.V. Fraga, M.A.; Noronha, F.B. Partial oxidation and water gas shift reaction in an integrated system for hydrogen production from ethanol. Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 2008, 334, 179-186
43. Cavallaro, S. Ethanol Steam Reforming on Rh/Al2O3 Catalysts. Energy Fuels 2000, 14, 1195-1199
44. Fatsikostas, A.N.; Verykios, X.E. Reaction network of steam reforming of ethanol over Ni-based catalysts. J. Catal. 2004, 225, 439-452
45. Benito, M.; Sanz, J.L.; Isabel, R.; Padilla, R.; Arjona, R.; Daza, L. Bioethanol steam reforming: Insights on the mechanism for hydrogen production. J. Power Sources 2005, 151, 11-17
46. Vaidya, P.D.; Rodrigues, A.E. Insight into steam reforming of ethanol to produce hydrogen for fuel cells. Chem. Eng. J. 2006, 117, 39-49
47. Frusteri, F.; Freni, S. Bioethanol, a suitable fuel to produce hydrogen for a molten carbonate fuel cell. J. Power Sources 2007, 173, 200-209
48. Trimm, D.L. Coke formation and minimisation during steam reforming reactions. Catal. Today 1997, 37, 233-238
49. Joensen, F.; Rostrup-Nielsen, J.R. Conversion of hydrocarbons and alcohols for fuel cells. J. Power Sources 2002, 105, 1995-201
50. Armor, J.N. Catalysis and the hydrogen economy. Catal. Lett. 2005, 101, 131-135
51. Rostrup-Nielsen, J.R.; Rostrup-Nielsen, T. Large-scale hydrogen production. CATTECH 2002, 4, 150-159
52. Mas, V.; Bergamini, M.L.; Baronetti, G., Amadeo, N.; Laborde, M. A Kinetic Study of Ethanol Steam Reforming Using a Nickel Based Catalyst. Top. Catal. 2008, 51, 39-48
53. García, E.Y.; Laborde, M.A. Hydrogen production by the steam reforming of ethanol - Thermodynamic analysis. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 1991, 16, 307-312
54. Comas, J.; Laborde, M.; Amadeo, N. Thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen production from ethanol using CaO as a CO2 sorbent. J. Power Sources 2004, 138, 61-67
55. Mas, V.; Kipreos, R.; Amadeo, N.; Laborde, M. Thermodynamic analysis of ethanol/water system with the stoichiometric method. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2006, 31, 21-28
56. Giunta, P.; Mosquera, C.; Amadeo, N.; Laborde, M. Simulation of a hydrogen production and purification system for a PEM fuel-cell using bioethanol as raw material. J. Power Sources 2007, 164, 336-343
57. Vasudeva, K.; Mitra, N.; Umasankar, P.; Dhingra, S.C. Steam reforming of ethanol for hydrogen production: Thermodynamic analysis. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 1996, 21, 13-18
58. Auprêtre, F.; Descorme, C.; Duprez, D. Hydrogen production for fuel cells from the catalytic ethanol steam reforming. Top. Catal. 2004, 30/31,487-491
59. Fishtik, I.; Alexander, A.; Datta, R.; Geana, D. A thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen production by steam reforming of ethanol via response reactions. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2000, 25, 31-45
60. da Silva, A.L.; Malfatti, C.F.; Müller, I.L. Thermodynamic analysis of ethanol steam reforming using Gibbs energy minimization method: A detailed study of the conditions of carbon deposition. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2009, 34, 4321-4330
61. Ioannides, T. Thermodynamic analysis of ethanol processors for fuel cell applications. J. Power Sources 2001, 92, 17-25
62. Salemme, L.; Menna, L.; Simeone, M. Thermodynamic analysis of ethanol processors - PEM fuel cell systems. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2010, 35, 3480-3489
63. Hernández, L.; Kafarov, V. Thermodynamic evaluation of hydrogen production for fuel cells by using bioethanol steam reforming: Effect of carrier gas addition. J. Power Sources 2009, 192, 195-199
64. Kloutz, V.; Fierro, V.; Denton, P.; Katz, H.; Lisse, J.P.; Bouvot-Mauduit, S.; Mirodatos, C. Ethanol reforming for hydrogen production in a hybrid vehicle: process optimisation. J. Power Sources 2002, 105, 26-34
65. Christensen, T.S. Adiabatic prereforming of hydrocarbons - important step in syngas production. Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 1996, 138, 285-309
66. Mendes, D.; Mendes, A.; Madeira, L.M.; Iulianelli, A.; Sousa, J.M.; Basile, A. The water-gas shift reaction: from conventional catalytic systems to Pd-based membrane reactors - a review. Asia-Pac. J. Chem. Eng. 2010, 5, 111-137
67. Trimm, D.L. Minimisation of carbon monoxide in a hydrogen stream for fuel cell application. Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 2005, 296, 1-11
68. Park, E.D.; Lee, D.; Lee, H.C. Recent progress in selective CO removal in a H2-rich stream. Catal. Today 2009, 139, 280-290
69. Ratnasamy, C.; Wagner, J.P. Water Gas Shift Catalysis. Catal. Rev. 2009, 51, 325-440
70. Erdinc, O.; Uzunoglu, M. Recent trends in PEM fuel cell-powered hybrid systems: Investigation of application areas, design architectures and energy management approaches. Renew. Sust. Energy Rev. 2010, 14, 2874-2884
71. Hinchliffe, A.B.; Porter, K.E. A comparison of membrane separation and distillation. Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng. 2000, 78, 255-268
72. Adhikari, S.; Fernando, S. Hydrogen Membrane Separation Techniques. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2006, 45, 875-881
73. Bion, N.; Epron, F.; Moreno, M.; Mariño, F.; Duprez D. Preferential Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide in the Presence of Hydrogen (PROX) over Noble Metals and Transition Metal Oxides: Advantages and Drawbacks. Top. Catal. 2008, 51, 76-88
74. Ockwig, N.W.; Nenoff, T.M. Membranes for Hydrogen Separation. Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 4078-4110
75. Ravanchi, M.T.; Kaghazchi, T.; Kargari, A. Application of membrane separation processes in petrochemical industry: a review. Desalination 2009, 235, 199-244
76. Uemiya, S. Brief review of steam reforming using a metal membrane reactor. Top. Catal. 2004, 29, 79-84
77. Young, J.R. Purity of Hydrogen Permeating Through Pd, Pd-25% Ag, and Ni. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1963, 34, 891-892
78. Kikuchi, E. Membrane reactor application to hydrogen production. Catal. Today 2000, 56, 97-101
79. Paglieri, S.N.; Way, J.D. Innovations in palladium membrane research. Sep. Purif. Methods 2002, 31, 1-169
80. Armor, J.N. Applications of catalytic inorganic membrane reactors to refinery products. J. Membr. Sci. 1998, 147, 217-233
81. Hwang, S.T. Inorganic Membranes and Membrane Reactors. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 2001, 18, 775-787
82. Deshmukh, S.A.R.K.; Heinricha, S.; Mörl, L.; van Sint Annaland, M.; Kuipers, J.A.M. Membrane assisted fluidized bed reactors: Potentials and hurdles. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2007, 62, 416-436
83. Lukyanov, B.N.; Andreev, D.V.; Parmon, V.N. Catalytic reactors with hydrogen membrane separation. Chem. Eng. J. 2009, 154, 258-266
84. Basile, A.; Gallucci, F.; Iulianelli, A.; Tosti S. CO-Free Hydrogen Production by Ethanol Steam Reforming in a Pd-Ag Membrane Reactor. Fuel Cells 2008, 1, 62-68
85. Tosti, S.; Basile, A.; Borgognoni, F.; Capaldo, V.; Cordiner, S.; Di Cave, S.; Gallucci, F.; Rizzello, C.; Santucci, A.; Traversa, E. Low temperature ethanol steam reforming in a Pd-Ag membrane reactor Part 1: Ru-based catalyst. J. Membr. Sci. 2008, 308, 250-257
86. Tosti, S.; Basile, A.; Borgognoni, F.; Capaldo, V.; Cordiner, S.; Di Cave, S.; Gallucci, F.; Rizzello, C.; Santucci, A.; Traversa, E. Low-temperature ethanol steam reforming in a Pd-Ag membrane reactor Part 2: Pt-based and Ni-based catalysts and general comparison. J. Membr. Sci. 2008, 308, 258-263
87. Yu, C.Y.; Lee, D.W.; Park, S.J.; Lee, K.Y.; Lee, K.H. Ethanol steam reforming in a membrane reactor with Pt-impregnated Knudsen membranes. Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 2009, 86, 121-126
88. Yu, C.Y.; Lee, D.W.; Park, S.J.; Lee, K.Y.; Lee, K.H. Study on a catalytic membrane reactor for hydrogen production from ethanol steam reforming. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2009, 34, 2947-2954
89. Papadias, D.D.; Lee, S.H.D.; Ferrandon, M.; Ahmed, S. An analytical and experimental investigation of high-pressure catalytic steam reforming of ethanol in a hydrogen selective membrane reactor. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2010, 35, 2004-2017
90. Iulianelli, A.; Basile, A. An experimental study on bioethanol steam reforming in a catalytic membrane reactor. Part I: Temperature and sweep-gas flow configuration effects. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2010, 35, 3159-3164
91. Iulianelli, A.; Liguori, S.; Longo, T.; Tosti, S.; Pinacci, P.; Basile, A. An experimental study on bioethanol steam reforming in a catalytic membrane reactor. Part II: Reaction pressure, sweep factor and WHSV effects. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2010, 35, 3170-3177
92. Gallucci, F.; De Falco, M.; Tosti, S.; Marrelli, L.; Basile A. Co-current and countercurrent configurations for ethanol steam reforming in a dense Pd-Ag membrane reactor. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2008, 33, 6165-6171
93. Gallucci, F.; De Falco, M.; Tosti, S.; Marrelli, L.; Basile, A. Ethanol steam reforming in a dense Pd-Ag membrane reactor: A modelling work. Comparison with the traditional system. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2008, 33, 644-651
94. Tosti, S.; Basile, A.; Borelli, R.; Borgognoni, F.; Castelli, S.; Fabbricino, M.; Gallucci, F.; Licusati, C. Ethanol steam reforming kinetics of a Pd-Ag membrane reactor. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2009, 34, 4747-4754
95. Basile, A. Hydrogen Production Using Pd-based Membrane Reactors for Fuel Cells. Top. Catal. 2008, 51, 107-122
96. Lim, H.; Gu, Y.; Oyama, S.T. Reaction of primary and secondary products in a membrane reactor: Studies of ethanol steam reforming with a silica-alumina composite membrane. J. Membr. Sci. 2010, 351, 149-159
97. Bi, Y.; Xu, H.; Li, W.; Goldbach, A. Water-gas shift reaction in a Pd membrane reactor over Pt/Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 catalyst. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2009, 34, 2965-2971
98. Tang, Z.; Kim, S.J.; Reddy, G.K.; Dong, J.; Smirniotis, P. Modified zeolite membrane reactor for high temperature water gas shift reaction. J. Membr. Sci. 2010, 354, 114-122
99. Abdollahi, M.; Yu, J.; Liu, P.K.T.; Ciora, R.; Sahimi, M.; Tsotsis, T.T. Hydrogen production from coal-derived syngas using a catalytic membrane reactor based process. J. Membr. Sci. 2010, 363, 160-169
100. Abdollahi, M.; Yu, J.; Hwang, H.T.; Liu, P.K.T.; Ciora, R.; Sahimi, M.; Tsotsis, T.T. Process Intensification in Hydrogen Production from Biomass-Derived Syngas. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2010, 49, 10986-10993
101. Aasberg-Petersen, K.; Stub Nielsen, C.; Laegsgaard Jorgensen, S. Membrane reforming for hydrogen. Catal. Today 1998, 46, 193-201
102. Markova, D.; Bazbauers, G.; Valters, K.; Alhucema Arias, R.; Weuffen, C.; Rochlitz, L. Optimization of bioethanol autothermal reforming and carbon monoxide removal processes. J. Power Sources 2009, 193, 9-16
103. Chen, H.; Yu, H.; Tang, Y.; Pan, M.; Yang, G.; Peng, F.; Wang, H.; Yang, J. Hydrogen production via autothermal reforming of ethanol over noble metal catalysts supported on oxides. J. Nat. Gas Chem. 2009, 18, 191-198
104. Chen, H.; Yu, H.; Peng, F.; Yang, G.; Wang, H.; Yang, J.; Tang, Y. Autothermal reforming of ethanol for hydrogen production over perovskite LaNiO3. Chem. Eng. J. 2010, 160, 333-339
105. de Lima, S.M.; da Cruz, I.O.; Jacobs, G.; Davis, B.H; Mattos, L.V.; Noronha, F.B. Steam reforming, partial oxidation, and oxidative steam reforming of ethanol over Pt/CeZrO2 catalyst. J. Catal. 2008, 257, 356-368
106. Gallucci, F.; Van Sint Annaland, M.; Kuipers, J.A.M. Pure hydrogen production via autothermal reforming of ethanol in a fluidized bed membrane reactor: A simulation study. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2010, 35, 1659-1668
107. Liu, S.; Zhang, K.; Fang, L.; Li, Y. Thermodynamic Analysis of Hydrogen Production from Oxidative Steam Reforming of Ethanol. Energy Fuels 2008, 22, 1365-1370
108. Akdim, O.; Cai, W.; Fierro, V.; Provendier, H.; van Veen, A.; Shen, W.; Mirodatos, C. Oxidative Steam Reforming of Ethanol over Ni-Cu/SiO2, Rh/Al2O3 and Ir/CeO2: Effect of Metal and Support on Reaction Mechanism. Top. Catal. 2008, 51, 22-38
109. Cheekatamarla, P.K.; Finnerty, C.M. Reforming catalysts for hydrogen generation in fuel cell applications. J. Power Sources 2006, 160, 490-499
110. de Lima, S.M.; da Silva, A.M.; da Costa, L.O.O.; Assaf, J.M.; Jacobs, G.; Davis, B.H.; Mattos, L.M.; Noronha, F.B. Evaluation of the performance of Ni/La2O3 catalyst prepared from LaNiO3 perovskite-type oxides for the production of hydrogen through steam reforming and oxidative steam reforming of ethanol. Appl. Catal. AGen. 2010, 377, 181-190
111. Freni, S.; Cavallaro, S.; Mondello, N.; Spadaro, L.; Frusteri, F. Production of hydrogen for MC fuel cell by steam reforming of ethanol over MgO supported Ni and Co catalysts. Catal. Commun. 2003, 4, 259-268
112. Auprêtre, F.; Descorme, C.; Duprez, D. Bioethanol catalytic steam reforming over supported metal catalysts. Catal. Commun. 2002, 3, 263-267
113. Llorca, J.; Homs, N.; Sales, J.; Ramirez de la Piscina, P. Efficient Production of Hydrogen over Supported Cobalt Catalysts from Ethanol Steam Reforming. J. Catal. 2002, 209, 306-317
114. Idriss, H. Ethanol Reactions over the Surfaces of Noble Metal/Cerium Oxide Catalysts. Platinum Metals Rev. 2004, 48, 105-115
115. Sheng, P.Y.; Yee, A.; Bowmaker, G.A.; Idriss, H. H2 Production from Ethanol over Rh-Pt/CeO2 Catalysts: The Role of Rh for the Efficient Dissociation of the Carbon- Carbon Bond. J. Catal. 2002, 208, 393-403
116. Haga, F.; Nakajima, T.; Yamashita, K.; Mishima,S. Effect of crystallite size on the catalysis of alumina-supported cobalt catalysts for steam reforming of ethanol. React. Kinet. Catal. Lett. 1998, 63, 253-259
117. Cavallaro, S.; Freni, S. Ethanol steam reforming in a molten carbonate fuel cell. A preliminary kinetic investigation. Int. J.Hydrogen Energy 1996, 21, 465-469
118. Karim, A.M.; Su, Y.; Sun, J.; Yang, C.; Strohm, J.J.; King, D.L., Wang, Y. A comparative study between Co and Rh for steam reforming of ethanol. Appl. Catal. BEnviron. 2010, 96, 441-448
119. Breen, J.P.; Burch, R.; Coleman, H.M. Metal-catalysed steam reforming of ethanol in the production of hydrogen for fuel cell applications. Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 2002, 39, 65-74
120. Liguras, D.K.; Kondarides, D.I.; Verykios, X.E. Production of hydrogen for fuel cells by steam reforming of ethanol over supported noble metal catalysts. Appl. Catal. BEnviron. 2003, 43, 345-354
121. Basagiannis, A.C.; Panagiotopoulou, P.; Verykios, X.E. Low Temperature Steam Reforming of Ethanol Over Supported Noble Metal Catalysts. Top. Catal. 2008, 51, 2-12
122. Frusteri, F.; Freni, S.; Spadaro, L.; Chiodo, V.; Bonura, G.; Donato, S.; Cavallaro, S. H2 production for MC fuel cell by steam reforming of ethanol over MgO supported Pd, Rh, Ni and Co catalysts. Catal. Commun. 2004, 5, 611-615
123. Zhang, B.; Tang, X.; Li, Y.; Cai, W.; Xu, Y.; Shen, W. Steam reforming of bioethanol for the production of hydrogen over ceria-supported Co, Ir and Ni catalysts. Catal. Commun. 2006, 7, 367-372
124. Sheng, P.Y.; Chiu, W.W.; Yee, A.; Morrison, S.J.; Idriss, H. Hydrogen production from ethanol over bimetallic Rh-M/CeO2 (M = Pd or Pt). Catal. Today 2007, 129, 313-321
125. Mariño, F.J.; Cerrella, E.G.; Duhalde, S.; Jobbagy, M.; Laborde, M.A. Hydrogen from steam reforming of ethanol: characterization and performance of copper-nickel supported catalysts. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 1998, 23, 1095-1101
126. Mariño, F.; Boveri, M.; Baronetti, G.; Laborde, M. Hydrogen production from steam reforming of bioethanol using Cu/Ni/K/γ-Al2O3 catalysts. Effect of Ni. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2001, 26, 665-668
127. Mariño, F., Baronetti, G.; Jobbagy, M.; Laborde, M. Cu-Ni-K/γ-Al2O3 supported catalysts for ethanol steam reforming: Formation of hydrotalcite-type compounds as a result of metal-support interaction. Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 2003, 238, 41-54
128. Fierro, V.; Akdim, O.; Mirodatos, C. On-board hydrogen production in a hybrid electric vehicle by bioethanol oxidative steam reforming over Ni and noble metal based catalysts. Green Chem. 2003, 5, 20-24
129. Vizcaíno, A.J.; Carrero, A.; Calles, J.A. Hydrogen production by ethanol steam reforming over Cu-Ni supported catalysts. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2007, 32, 1450-1461
130. Carrero, A.; Calles, J.A.; Vizcaíno, A.J. Hydrogen production by ethanol steam reforming over Cu-Ni/SBA-15 supported catalysts prepared by direct synthesis and impregnation. Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 2007, 327, 82-94
131. Calles, J.A.; Carrero, A.; Vizcaíno, A.J. Ce and La modification of mesoporous Cu-Ni/SBA-15 catalysts for hydrogen production through ethanol steam reforming. Microporous Mesoporous Mat. 2009, 119, 200-207
132. Vizcaíno, A.J.; Carrero, A.; Calles, J.A. Ethanol steam reforming on Mg- and Camodified Cu-Ni/SBA-15 catalysts. Catal. Today 2009, 146, 63-70
133. Velu, S.; Suzuki, K.; Vijayaraj, M.; Barman, S.; Gopinath, C.S. In situ XPS investigations of Cu1-xNixZnAl-mixed metal oxide catalysts used in the oxidative steam reforming of bioethanol. Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 2005, 55, 287-299
134. Kugai, J.; Velu, S.; Song, C.; Engelhard, M.H.; Chin, Y.H. Effects of nanocrystalline CeO2 supports on the properties and performance of Ni-Rh bimetallic catalyst for oxidative steam reforming of ethanol. J. Catal. 2006, 238, 430-440
135. Profeti, L.P.R.; Dias, J.A.C.; Assaf, J.M.; Assaf, E.M. Hydrogen production by steam reforming of ethanol over Ni-based catalysts promoted with noble metals. J. Power Sources 2009, 190, 525-533
136. Profeti, L.P.R.; Ticianelli, E.A.; Assaf, E.M. Production of hydrogen by ethanol steam reforming on Co/Al2O3 catalysts: Effect of addition of small quantities of noble metals. J. Power Sources 2008, 175, 482-489
137. Profeti, L.P.R.; Ticianelli, E.A.; Assaf, E.M. Ethanol steam reforming for production of hydrogen on magnesium aluminate-supported cobalt catalysts promoted by noble metals. Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 2009, 360, 17-25
138. He, L.; Berntsen, H.; Ochoa-Fernández, E.; Walmsley, J.C.; Blekkan, E.A.; Chen, D. Co-Ni Catalysts Derived from Hydrotalcite-Like Materials for Hydrogen Production by Ethanol Steam Reforming. Top. Catal. 2009, 52, 206-217
139. Busca, G.; Costantino, U.; Montanari, T.; Ramis, G.; Resini, C.; Sisani, M. Nickel versus cobalt catalysts for hydrogen production by ethanol steam reforming: Ni-Co-Zn-Al catalysts from hydrotalcite-like precursors. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2010, 35, 5356-5366
140. Carrero, A.; Calles, J.A.; Vizcaíno, A.J. Effect of Mg and Ca addition on coke deposition over Cu-Ni/SiO2 catalysts for ethanol steam reforming. Chem. Eng. J. 2010, 163, 395-402
141. Duprez, D.; Peireira, P.; Miloudi, A.; Maurel, R. Steam dealkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons: II. Role of the support and kinetic pathway of oxygenated species in toluene steam dealkylation over group VIII metal catalysts. J. Catal. 1982, 75, 151-163
142. Llorca, J.; Ramírez de la Piscina, P.; Sales, J.; Homs, N. Direct production of hydrogen from ethanolic aqueous solutions over oxide catalysts. Chem. Commun. 2001, 7, 641-642
143. Srinivas, D.; Satyanarayana, C.V.V; Potdar, H.S.; Ratnasamy, P. Structural studies on NiO-CeO2-ZrO2 catalysts for steam reforming of ethanol. Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 2003, 246, 323-334
144. Biswas, P.; Kunzru, D. Steam reforming of ethanol for production of hydrogen over Ni/CeO2-ZrO2 catalyst: Effect of support and metal loading. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2007, 32, 969-980
145. Erdóhelyi, A.; Raskó, J.; Kecskés, T.; Tóth, M.; Dömök, M.; Baán, K. Hydrogen formation in ethanol reforming on supported noble metal catalysts. Catal. Today 2006, 116, 367-376
146. Freni, S. Rh based catalysts for indirect internal reforming ethanol applications in molten carbonate fuel cells. J. Power Sources 2001, 94, 14-19
147. Haga, F.; Nakajima, T.; Miya, H.; Mishima, S. Catalytic properties of supported cobalt catalysts for steam reforming of ethanol. Catal. Lett. 1997, 48, 223-227
148. Cavallaro, S.; Mondello, N,; Freni, S. Hydrogen produced from ethanol for internal reforming molten carbonate fuel cell. J. Power Sources 2001, 102, 198-204
149. Batista, M.S.; Santos, R.K.S.; Assaf, E.M.; Assaf, J.M., Ticianelli, E.A. Characterization of the activity and stability of supported cobalt catalysts for the steam reforming of ethanol. J. Power Sources 2003, 124, 99-103
150. Llorca, J.; Dalmon, J.A.; Ramírez de la Piscina, P.; Homs, N. In situ magnetic characterisation of supported cobalt catalysts under steam-reforming of ethanol. Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 2003, 243, 261-269
151. Llorca, J.; Ramirez de la Piscina, P.; Dalmon, J.A.; Sales, J.; Homs, N. CO-free hydrogen from steam-reforming of bioethanol over ZnO-supported cobalt catalysts: Effect of the metallic precursor. Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 2003, 43, 355-369
152. Fatsikostas, A.N.; Kondarides, D.I.; Verykios, X.E. Production of hydrogen for fuel cells by reformation of biomass-derived ethanol. Catal. Today 2002, 75, 145-155
153. Fatsikostas, A.N.; Verykios, X.E. Reaction network of steam reforming of ethanol over Ni-based catalysts. J. Catal. 2004, 225, 439-452
154. Sun, J.; Qiu, X.P.; Wu, F.; Zhu, W.T. H2 from steam reforming of ethanol at low temperature over Ni/Y2O3, Ni/La2O3 and Ni/Al2O3 catalysts for fuel-cell application. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2005, 30, 437-445
155. Yang, Y.; Ma, J.; Wu, F. Production of hydrogen by steam reforming of ethanol over a Ni/ZnO catalyst. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2006, 31, 877-882
156. Frusteri, F.; Freni, S.; Chiodo, V.; Donato, S.; Bonura, S.; Cavallaro, S. Steam and auto-thermal reforming of bioethanol over MgO and CeO2 Ni supported catalysts. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2006, 31, 2193-2199
157. Urasaki, K.; Tokunaga, K.; Sekine, Y.; Matsukata, M.; Kikuchi, E. Production of hydrogen by steam reforming of ethanol over cobalt and nickel catalysts supported on perovskite-type oxides. Catal. Commun. 2008, 9, 600-604
158. Lindo, M.; Vizcaíno, A.J.; Calles, J.A.; Carrero, A. Ethanol steam reforming on Ni/Al-SBA-15 catalysts: Effect of the aluminium content. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2010, 35, 5895-5901
159. Ozdogan, E.; Dogu, T.; Dogu, G. Ni-MCM-41 type mesoporous catalysts synthesized by one-pot hydrothermal procedure for steam reforming of ethanol. Int. J. Chem. React. Eng. 2007, 5, A111
160. Auprêtre, F.; Descorme, C.; Duprez, D.; Casanave, D.; Uzio, D. Ethanol steam reforming over MgxNi1-xAl2O3 spinel oxide-supported Rh catalysts. J. Catal. 2005, 233, 464-477
161. Sánchez-Sánchez, M.C.; Navarro, R.M.; Fierro, J.L.G. Ethanol steam reforming over Ni/MxOy-Al2O3 (M=Ce, La, Zr and Mg) catalysts: Influence of support on the hydrogen production. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2007, 32, 1462-1471
162. Vizcaíno, A.J.; Arena, P.; Baronetti, G.; Carrero, A.; Calles, J.A.; Laborde, M.A.; Amadeo, N. Ethanol steam reforming on Ni/Al2O3 catalysts: Effect of Mg addition. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2008, 33, 3489-3492
163. Sánchez-Sánchez, M.C.; Navarro, R.M.; Fierro, J.L.G. Ethanol steam reforming over Ni/La-Al2O3 catalysts: Influence of lanthanum loading. Catal. Today 2007, 129, 336-345
164. Frusteri, F.; Freni, S., Chiodo, V.; Spadaro, L.; Di Blasi, O.; Bonura, G.; Cavallaro, S. Steam reforming of bioethanol on alkali-doped Ni/MgO catalysts: hydrogen production for MC fuel cell. Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 2004, 270, 1-7
165. Llorca, J.; Homs, N.; Sales, J.; Fierro, J.L.G.; Ramírez de la Piscina, P. Effect of sodium addition on the performance of Co-ZnO-based catalysts for hydrogen production from bioethanol. J. Catal. 2004, 222, 470-480
166. Diagne, C.; Idriss, H.; Kiennemann, A. Hydrogen production by ethanol reforming over Rh/CeO2-ZrO2 catalysts. Catal. Commun. 2002, 3, 565-571
167. Kaddouri, A.; Mazzocchia, C. A study of the influence of the synthesis conditions upon the catalytic properties of Co/SiO2 or Co/Al2O3 catalysts used for ethanol steam reforming. Catal. Commun. 2004, 5, 339-345
168. Akande, A.J.; Idem, R.O.; Dalai, A.K. Synthesis, characterization and performance evaluation of Ni/Al2O3 catalysts for reforming of crude ethanol for hydrogen production. Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 2005, 287, 159-175
169. Lin, S.S.Y.; Daimon, H.; Ha, S.Y. Co/CeO2-ZrO2 catalysts prepared by impregnation and coprecipitation for ethanol steam reforming. Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 2009, 366, 252-261
170. Song, H.; Tan, B.; Ozkan, U.S. Novel Synthesis Techniques for Preparation of Co/CeO2 as Ethanol Steam Reforming Catalysts. Catal. Lett. 2009, 132, 422-429
171. Song, H.; Ozkan, U.S. The role of impregnation medium on the activity of ceriasupported cobalt catalysts for ethanol steam reforming. J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem. 2010, 318, 21-29
172. Song, H.; Mirkelamoglu, B.; Ozkan, U.S. Effect of cobalt precursor on the performance of ceria-supported cobalt catalysts for ethanol steam reforming. Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 2010, 382, 58-64
173. Romero, A.; Jobbágy, M.; Laborde, M.; Baronetti, G.; Amadeo, N. Ni(II)-Mg(II)- Al(III) catalysts for hydrogen production from ethanol steam reforming: Influence of the activation treatments. Catal. Today 2010, 149, 407-412
174. Resini, C.; Montanari, T.; Barattini, L.; Ramis, G.; Busca, G.; Presto, S.; Riani, P.; Marazza, R.; Sisani, M.; Marmottini, F.; Costantino, U. Hydrogen production by ethanol steam reforming over Ni catalysts derived from hydrotalcite-like precursors: Catalyst characterization, catalytic activity and reaction path. Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 2009, 355, 83-93
175. Barroso, M.N.; Gómez, M.F.; Arrúa, L.A., Abello, M.C. Steam reforming of ethanol over a NiZnAl catalyst: Influence of pre-reduction treatment with H2. React. Kinet. Catal. Lett. 2009, 97, 27-33