Coping with complexity: Developmental systems and multilevel analyses in developmental psychopathology

Development and Psychopathology

Volumn 25, Issue 4 PART 2, 2013, Pages 1311-1324

  Marshall, Peter J ^a  

^a TEMPLE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CHILD; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; HUMAN; MENTAL DISEASE; METHODOLOGY; MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS;

CHILD; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; HUMANS; MENTAL DISORDERS; MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY;

EID: 84891416921     PISSN: 09545794     EISSN: 14692198     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0954579413000631     Document Type: Article

References (149)

1. Addington, A. M., & Rapoport, J. L. (2012). Annual research review: Impact of advances in genetics in understanding developmental psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53, 510-518.
2. Beauchaine, T. P., Neuhaus, E., Brenner, S. L., & Gatzke-Kopp, L. (2008). Ten good reasons to consider biological processes in prevention and intervention research. Development and Psychopathology, 20, 745-774.
3. Bergman, L. R., von Eye, A., & Magnusson, D. (2006). Person-oriented research strategies in developmental psychopathology. In D. Cicchetti& D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology: Vol. 1. Theory and method (2nd ed., pp. 850-888). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
4. Blachowicz, J. (2012). Essential difference: Toward a metaphysics of emergence. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
5. Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. New York: Basic Books.
6. Bretherton, I., & Munholland, K. A. (1999). Internal working models in attachment relationships:A construct revisited. In J. Cassidy&P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (pp. 89-111). New York: Guilford Press.
7. Bruner, J. (1990). Acts of meaning. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
8. Brunetti, C. R., Selegue, J. E., Monteiro, A., French, V., Brakefield, P. M., & Carroll, S. B. (2001). The generation and diversification of butterfly eyespot color patterns. Current Biology, 11, 1578-1585.
9. Burnette, M. L., & Cicchetti, D. (2012). Multilevel approaches toward understanding antisocial behavior: Current research and future directions. Development and Psychopathology, 24, 703-704.
10. Cairns, R. B., &Cairns, B. D. (2006). The making of developmental psychology. In R.M. Lerner&W. Damon (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol 1. Theoretical models of human development (6th ed., pp. 89-165). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
11. Charney, E. (2012). Behavior genetics and postgenomics. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 35, 331-358.
12. Cicchetti, D. (1990). A historical perspective on the discipline of developmental psychopathology. In J. E. Rolf, A. S. Masten, D. Cicchetti, K. H. Nuechterlein, & S. Weintraub (Eds.), Risk and protective factors in the development of psychopathology (pp. 2-28). New York: Cambridge University Press.
13. Cicchetti, D. (2008). A multiple-levels-of-analysis perspective on research in development and psychopathology. In T. P. Beauchaine & S. P. Hinshaw (Eds.), Child and adolescent psychopathology (pp. 27-57). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
14. Cicchetti, D. (2010). Developmental psychopathology. InM. E. Lamb, A. M. Freund, & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), The handbook of life-span development: Vol. 2. Social and emotional development (pp. 511-589). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
15. Cicchetti, D. (2011). Pathways to resilient functioning in maltreated children: From single-level to multilevel investigations. In D. Cicchetti & G. I. Roisman (Eds.), Minnesota symposia on child psychology: Vol. 36. The origins and organization of adaptation and maladaptation (pp. 423-459). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
16. Cicchetti, D., & Cannon, T. D. (1999). Neurodevelopmental processes in the ontogenesis and epigenesis of psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 11, 375-393.
17. Cicchetti, D., & Cohen, D. J. (2006). Developmental psychopathology (Vols. 1-3). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
18. Cicchetti, D., & Curtis, W. J. (2006). The developing brain and neural plasticity: Implications for normality, psychopathology, and resilience. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology: Vol. 2. Developmental neuroscience (2nd ed., pp. 1-64). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
19. Cicchetti, D., & Curtis,W. J. (2007). Multilevel perspectives on pathways to resilient functioning. Development and Psychopathology, 19, 627-629.
20. Cicchetti, D., & Rogosch, F. A. (1996). Equifinality and multifinality in developmental psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 8, 597-600.
21. Cicchetti, D., & Roisman, G. I. (2011). Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology: Vol. 36. The origins and organization of adaptation and maladaptation. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
22. Cicchetti, D., & Thomas, K. M. (2008). Editorial: Imaging brain systems in normality and psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 20, 1023-1027.
23. Cicchetti, D., & Toth, S. L. (Eds.). (1991). Rochester Symposium on Developmental Psychopathology: Vol. 3. Models and integrations. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press.
24. Cicchetti, D., & Toth, S. L. (1997). Transactional ecological systems in developmental psychopathology. In S. S. Luthar, J. A. Burack, D. Cicchetti, & J. R. Weisz (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology: Perspectives on adjustment, risk, and disorder (pp. 317-349). New York: Cambridge University Press.
25. Clark, A. (1998). Being there: Putting brain, body, and world together again. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
26. Clark, A. (2013). Whatever next? Predictive brains, situated agents, and the future of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 36, 181-253.
27. Craik, K. J. W. (1943). The nature of explanation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
28. Craver, C. F. (2007). Explaining the brain. New York: Oxford University Press.
29. Curran, P. J., & Willoughby, M. T. (2003). Implications of latent trajectory models for the study of developmental psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 15, 581-612.
30. Dennett, D. C. (1987). The intentional stance. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
31. Dewsbury, D. A. (1999). The proximate and the ultimate: Past, present, and future. Behavioural Processes, 46, 189-199.
32. Ellis, B. J., & Bjorklund, D. F. (2012). Beyond mental health: An evolutionary analysis of development under risky and supportive environmental conditions. Developmental Psychology, 48, 591-597.
33. Engel, A. K. (2010). Directive minds: How dynamics shapes cognition. In J. Stewart, O. Gapenne, & E. A. D. Paolo (Eds.), Enaction: Toward a new paradigm for cognitive science (pp. 219-243). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
34. Ford, D. H., & Lerner, R. M. (1992). Developmental systems theory: An integrative approach. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
35. Garmezy, N., Masten, A. S., & Tellegen, A. (1984). The study of stress and competence in children: A building block for developmental psychopathology. Child Development, 55, 97-111.
36. Gehring, W. J. (1998). Master control genes in development and evolution: The homeobox story. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
37. Gilbert, S. F. (2001). Ecological developmental biology: Developmental biology meets the real world. Developmental Biology, 233, 1-12.
38. Gilbert, S. F. (2010). Developmental biology (10th ed.). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer.
39. Gilbert, S. F., & Sarkar, S. (2000). Embracing complexity: Organicism for the 21st century. Developmental Dynamics, 219, 1-9.
40. Godfrey-Smith, P. (2000). Explanatory symmetries, preformationism, and developmental systems theory. Philosophy of Science, 67, S322-S331.
41. Gottfried, G. M., Gelman, S. A.,& Schultz, J. (1999). Children's understanding of the brain: From early essentialism to biological theory. Cognitive Development, 14, 147-174.
42. Gottlieb, G. (1992). Individual development and evolution: The genesis of novel behavior. New York: Oxford University Press.
43. Gottlieb, G. (1998). Normally occurring environmental and behavioral influences on gene activity: from central dogma to probabilistic epigenesis. Psychological Review, 105, 792-802.
44. Gottlieb, G. (2007). Probabilistic epigenesis. Developmental Science, 10, 1-11.
45. Gottlieb, G., & Willoughby, M. T. (2006). Probabilistic epigenesis of psychopathology. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology: Vol. 1. Theory and method (2nd ed., pp. 673-700). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
46. Gould, S. J. (1977). Ever since Darwin: Reflections on natural history. New York: W. H. Norton.
47. Granic, I., & Hollenstein, T. (2006). A survey of dynamic systems methods for developmental psychopathology. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology: Vol. 1. Theory and method (2nd ed., pp. 889-930). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
48. Granic, I., & Patterson, G. R. (2006). Toward a comprehensive model of antisocial development: A dynamic systems approach. Psychological Review, 113, 101-131.
49. Greenberg, G.,& Partridge, T. (2010). Biology, evolution, and psychological development. In W. F. Overton & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), The handbook of life-span development: Vol. 1. Cognition, biology, and methods (pp. 115-148). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
50. Griffiths, P., & Gray, R. (1994). Developmental systems and evolutionary explanation. Journal of Philosophy, 91, 277-304.
51. Griffiths, P., & Knight, R. D. (1998). What is the developmentalist challenge? Philosophy of Science, 65, 253-258.
52. Grigorenko, E. L., & Cicchetti, D. (2012). Genomic sciences for developmentalists: The current state of affairs. Development and Psychopathology, 24, 1157-1164.
53. Hall, B. K. (1992). Evolutionary developmental biology. London: Chapman & Hall.
54. Ho, M. W. (2010). Development and evolution revisited. In K. Hood, C. T. Halpern, G. Greenberg, & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of developmental science, behavior, and genetics (pp. 61-109). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
55. Hollenstein, T. (2011). Twenty years of dynamic systems approaches to development: Significant contributions, challenges, and future directions. Child Development Perspectives, 5, 256-259.
56. Ialongo, N. (2010). Steps substantive researchers can take to build a scientifically strong case for the existence of trajectory groups. Development and Psychopathology, 22, 273-275.
57. Jablonka, E., & Lamb, M.W. (2005). Evolution in four dimensions: Genetic, epigenetic, behavioral, and symbolic variation in the history of life. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
58. Jablonka, E., & Raz, G. (2009). Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance: Prevalence, mechanisms, and implications for the study of heredity and evolution. The Quarterly Review of Biology, 84, 131-176.
59. Johnson, M. (2008). What makes a body? Journal of Speculative Philosophy, 22, 159-169.
60. Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1983). Mental models. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
61. Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, fast and slow. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux.
62. Keller, E. F. (2005). DDS: Dynamics of developmental systems. Biology and Philosophy, 20, 409-416.
63. Keller, E. F. (2010). The mirage of a space between nature and nurture. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
64. Keller, E. F. (2011). Genes, genomes, and genomics. Biological Theory, 6, 132-140.
65. Kendler, K. S. (2012). The dappled nature of causes of psychiatric illness: Replacing the organic-functional/hardware-software dichotomy with empirically based pluralism. Molecular Psychiatry, 17, 377-388.
66. Kiverstein, J. (2012). The meaning of embodiment. Topics in Cognitive Science, 4, 740-758.
67. Kosslyn, S. M., & Koenig, O. (1992). Wet mind: The new cognitive neuroscience. New York: Free Press.
68. Kuo, Z. Y. (1939). Studies in the physiology of the embryonic nervous system: IV. Development of acetylcholine in the chick embryo. Journal of Neurophysiology, 2, 488-493.
69. Lehrman, D. S. (1970). Semantic and conceptual issues in the nature-nurture problem. In L. R. Aronson, E. Tobach, D. S. Lehrman, & J. S. Rosenblatt (Eds.), Development and evolution of behavior: Essays in memory of T. C. Schneirla (pp. 17-52). San Francisco, CA: Freeman.
70. Lerner, R. M. (2002). Concepts and theories of human development. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
71. Lerner, R. M. (2006). Developmental science, developmental systems, and contemporary theories of human development. In R. M. Lerner &W. Damon (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology (Vol. 1, pp. 1-17). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
72. Lerner, R. M. (2012). Developmental science: Past, present, and future. International Journal of Developmental Science, 6, 29-36.
73. Lerner, R. M., & Overton,W. F. (2008). Exemplifying the integrations of the relational developmental system: Synthesizing theory, research, and application to promote positive development and social justice. Journal of Adolescent Research, 23, 245-255.
74. Lerner, R. M., & Overton, W. F. (2012). Relational developmental systems: A paradigm for developmental science in the postgenomic era. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 35, 375-376.
75. Lerner, R. M., Theokas, C., & Bobek, D. L. (2005). Concepts and theories of human development: Historical and contemporary dimensions. In M. H. Bornstein & M. E. Lamb (Eds.), Developmental science: An advanced textbook (5th ed., pp. 3-43). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
76. Lickliter, R., & Honeycutt, H. (2003). Developmental dynamics: Toward a biologically plausible evolutionary psychology. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 819-835.
77. Main, M. (1991). Metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive monitoring, and singular (coherent) vs. multiple (incoherent) model of attachment: Findings and directions for future research. In C. M. Parkes, J. Stevenson-Hinde, & P. Marris (Eds.), Attachment across the life cycle (pp. 127-159). New York: Tavistock/Routledge.
78. Mangold, H., & Spemann, H. (1924).Ü ber induktion von embryonalanlagen durch implantation artfremder organisatoren [Induction of embryonic primordia by implantation of organizers from a different species]. Roux's Archiv für Entwicklungsmechanik, 100, 599-638.
79. Mangold, H., & Spemann, H. (2001). Induction of embryonic primordia by implantation of organizers froma different species. International Journal of Developmental Biology, 45, 13-38.
80. Manning, A., & Dawkins, M. S. (2012). An introduction to animal behavior (6th ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
81. Marr, D. (1982). Vision. San Francisco, CA: W. H. Freeman.
82. Marshall, P. J. (2009). Relating psychology and neuroscience: Taking up the challenges. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4, 113-125.
83. Marshall, P. J. (in press). Embodiment, development, and neuroscience. In W. F. Overton & P. C. Molenaar (Eds.) & R. M. Lerner (Series Ed.), Handbook of child psychology and developmental science (7th ed., Vol. 1). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
84. Marshall, P. J., & Comalli, C. E. (2012). Young children's changing conceptualizations of brain function: Implications for teaching neuroscience in early elementary settings. Early Education and Development, 23, 4-23.
85. Maturana, H. R., & Varela, F. J. (1980). Autopoiesis and cognition: The realization of the living (Vol. 42). Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
86. Meaney, M. J. (2010). Epigenetics and the biological definition of gene-environment interactions. Child Development, 81, 41-79.
87. Merleau-Ponty, M. (1962). Phenomenology of perception. London: Routledge.
88. Mikhailov, A. T. (2005). Putting evo-devo into focus: An interview with Scott F. Gilbert. International Journal of Developmental Biology, 49, 9-16.
89. Miller, G. A. (2003). The cognitive revolution: A historical perspective. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7, 141-144.
90. Miller, G. A. (2010). Mistreating psychology in the decades of the brain. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5, 716-743.
91. Minelli, A. (2009). Forms of becoming. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
92. Molenaar, P. C. M. (2010). Testing all six person-oriented principles in dynamic factor analysis. Development and Psychopathology, 22, 255-259.
93. Molenaar, P. C. M., Huizenga, H. M., & Nesselroade, J. R. (2003). The relationship between the structure of interindividual and intraindividual variability: A theoretical and empirical vindication of developmental systems theory. In U.M. Staudinger & U. Lindenberger (Eds.), Understanding human development: Dialogues with life span psychology (pp. 339-360). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.
94. Mun, E. Y., Bates, M. E., & Vaschillo, E. (2010). Closing the gap between person-oriented theory and methods. Development and Psychopathology, 22, 261-271.
95. Nesselroade, J. R., & Molenaar, P. C. M. (2010). Emphasizing intraindividual variability in the study of development over the life span: Concepts and issues. InW. F. Overton & R.M. Lerner (Eds.), The handbook of lifespan development: Vol. 1. Cognition, biology, and methods (pp. 30-54). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
96. Nesselroade, J. R., & Ram, N. (2004). Studying intraindividual variability: What we have learned that will help us understand lives in context. Research in Human Development, 1, 9-29.
97. Overton, W. F. (1991). Competence, procedures, and hardware: Conceptual and empirical considerations. In M. Chandler&M. Chapman (Eds.), Criteria for competence: Controversies in the conceptualization and assessment of children's abilities (pp. 19-42). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
98. Overton, W. F. (2006). Developmental Psychology: Philosophy, concepts, methodology. In R. M. Lerner & W. Damon (Eds.), Theoretical models of human development (6th ed., pp. 18-88). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
99. Overton, W. F. (2007). A coherent metatheory for dynamic systems: Relational organicism-contextualism. Human Development, 50, 154-159.
100. Overton, W. F. (2008). Embodiment from a relational perspective. In W. F. Overton, U. Mueller, & J. L. Newman (Eds.), Developmental perspectives on embodiment and consciousness (pp. 1-18). New York: Erlbaum.
101. Overton,W. F. (2010). Life-span development: Concepts and issues. InW. F. Overton & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), The handbook of life-span development: Vol. 1. Cognition, biology, and methods (pp. 1-29). Hoboken, NJ:Wiley.
102. Overton,W. F. (2013). Relationism and relational-developmental-systems: A paradigm for developmental science in the post-Cartesian era. In J. Benson (Series Ed.) & R. M. Lerner (Vol. Ed.), Advances in child development and behavior: Vol. 44. Embodiment and epigenesis: Theoretical and methodological issues in understanding the role of biology within the relational developmental system (pp. 21-64). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
103. Overton, W. F., & Dick, A. S. (2007). A competence-procedural and developmental approach to logical reasoning. In M. J. Roberts (Ed.), Integrating the mind: Domain general vs. domain specific processes in higher cognition (pp. 233-256). New York: Psychology Press.
104. Overton,W. F., & Horowitz, H. A. (1991). Developmental psychopathology: Integrations and differentiations. In D. Cicchetti & S. L. Toth (Eds.), Rochester symposia on developmental psychopathology: Vol. 3. Models and integrations (pp. 1-42). Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press.
105. Overton, W. F., & Lerner, R. M. (2012). Relational developmental systems: A paradigm for developmental science in the postgenomic era. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 35, 375-376.
106. Oyama, S. (1985). The ontogeny of information: Developmental systems and evolution. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
107. Oyama, S., Griffiths, P. E., & Gray, R. D. (2001). Cycles of contingency: Developmental systems and evolution. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
108. Ozonoff, S., Pennington, B. F., & Solomon, M. (2006). Neuropsychological perspectives on developmental psychopathology. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology: Vol. 2. Developmental neuroscience (2nd ed., pp. 332-380). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
109. Partridge, T. (2011). Methodological advances toward a dynamic developmental behavioral genetics: Bridging the gap. Research in Human Development, 8, 242-257.
110. Pepper, S. C. (1942). World hypotheses. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
111. Piaget, J. (1977). The development of thought: Equilibration of cognitive structures. Oxford: Viking.
112. Pradeu, T. (2010). The organism in developmental systems theory. Biological Theory, 5, 216-222.
113. Ricco, R. B., & Overton,W. F. (2011). Dual systems competence-!procedural processing: A relational developmental systems approach to reasoning. Developmental Review, 31, 119-150.
114. Robert, J. S. (2004). Embryology, epigenesis, and evolution: Taking development seriously. New York: Cambridge University Press.
115. Robert, J. S., Hall, B. K., & Olson, W. M. (2001). Bridging the gap between developmental systems theory and evolutionary developmental biology. Bioessays, 23, 954-962.
116. Rudel, D., & Sommer, R. J. (2003). The evolution of developmental mechanisms. Developmental Biology, 264, 15-37.
117. Rutter, M. (2012). Gene-environment interdependence. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9, 391-412.
118. Sameroff, A. J. (1983). Developmental systems: Contexts and evolution. In W. Kessen (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology (1st ed., pp. 237-294). New York: Wiley.
119. Sameroff, A. J. (2000). Developmental systems and psychopathology. Developmental and Psychopathology, 12, 297-312.
120. Santostefano, S. (2010). Developmental psychopathology-Self, embodiment, meaning: A holistic-systems perspective. In W. F. Overton & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), The handbook of life-span development: Vol. 1. Cognition, biology, and methods (pp. 792-836). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
121. Searle, J. R. (1980). Minds, brains, and programs. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3, 417-457.
122. Shea, N. (2011). Developmental systems theory formulated as a claim about inherited representations. Philosophy of Science, 78, 60-82.
123. Spemann, H. (1938). Embryonic development and induction. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
124. Spencer, J. P., & Buss, A. T. (2011). Finding a way out: Why developmental science does not need another "ism." Child Development Perspectives, 3, 166-168.
125. Sroufe, L. A., & Rutter, M. (1984). The domain of developmental psychopathology. Child Development, 55, 17-29.
126. Stanovich, K. E. (2009). Distinguishing the reflective, algorithmic, and autonomous minds: Is it time for a tri-process theory? In J. S. B. T. Evans & K. Frankish (Eds.), In two minds: Dual processes and beyond (pp. 55-88). New York: Oxford University Press.
127. Sterba, S. K., & Bauer, D. J. (2010). Matching method with theory in personoriented developmental psychopathology research. Development and Psychopathology, 22, 239-254.
128. Stewart, J., Gapenne, O., & Di Paolo, E. A. (Eds.). (2010). Enaction: Toward a new paradigm for cognitive science. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
129. Stiles, J. (2008). The fundamentals of brain development: Integrating nature and nurture. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
130. Stotz, K. (2008). The ingredients for a postgenomic synthesis of nature and nurture. Philosophical Psychology, 21, 359-381.
131. Thelen, E., & Smith, L. (1994). A dynamic systems approach to the development of cognition and action. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
132. Thompson, E. (2007). Mind in life: Biology, phenomenology, and the sciences of mind. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press/Harvard University Press.
133. Tinbergen, N. (1963). On aims and methods of ethology. Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie, 55, 410-433.
134. Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1974). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Science, 185, 1124-1131.
135. van Geert, P. (2011). The contribution of complex dynamic systems to development. Child Development Perspectives, 5, 273-278.
136. van Geert, P. (2012). Dynamic systems. In B. Laursen, T. D. Little, & N. A. Card (Eds.), Handbook of developmental research methods (pp. 725-741). New York: Guilford Press.
137. von Baer, K. E. (1956). Commentar zu der schrift: De ovi mammalium et hominis genesi. Zeitschrift für Organische Physik, 2. In A. W. Meyer (Trans.), Human generation: Conclusions of Burdach, Döllinger and von Baer (pp. 90-123). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. (Original work published 1828)
138. von Bertalanffy, L. (1968). General system theory: Foundations, development, applications. New York: George Braziller, Inc.
139. von Eye, A. (2010). Developing the person-oriented approach: Theory and methods of analysis. Development and Psychopathology, 22, 277-285.
140. von Eye, A., Bergman, L. R., & Hseih, C.-A. (in press). Person-oriented approaches. InW. F. Overton & P. C. Molenaar (Eds.) & R.M. Lerner (Series Ed.), Handbook of child psychology and developmental science: Theory and methods (7th ed., Vol. 1). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
141. Waddington, C. W. (1957). The strategy of the genes. London: Allen & Unwin.
142. Wahlsten, D. (2012). The hunt for gene effects pertinent to behavioral traits and psychiatric disorders: From mouse to human. Developmental Psychobiology, 54, 475-492.
143. Weiss, P. A. (1939). Principles of development: A text in experimental embryology. New York: Henry Holt.
144. Werner, H. (1948). Comparative psychology of mental development. New York: International University Press.
145. Wiers, R., Ames, S. L., Hofmann,W., Krank, M., & Stacy, A. (2010). Impulsivity, impulsive and reflective processes and the development of alcohol use and misuse in adolescents and young adults. Frontiers in Psychology, 1, article 144. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00144
146. Wimsatt, W. C. (2007). Reengineering philosophy for limited beings. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
147. Witherington, D. C. (2011). Taking emergence seriously: The centrality of circular causality for dynamic systems approaches to development. Human Development, 54, 66-92.
148. Witherington, D. C., & Margett, T. E. (2011). How conceptually unified is the dynamic systems approach to the study of psychological development? Child Development Perspectives, 5, 286-290.
149. Wolpert, L. (1994). Do we understand development? Science, 266, 571-572.