Turbulence intensity measurements using particle image velocimetry in diseased carotid artery models: Effect of stenosis severity, plaque eccentricity, and ulceration

Journal of Biomechanics

Volumn 47, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 253-263

  Kefayati, Sarah ^a   Holdsworth, David W ^a,b   Poepping, Tamie L ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

^b ROBARTS RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Canada)

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; Plaque eccentricity; Stenosis severity; Stereoscopic PIV; Stroke; Thrombosis; Turbulence intensity; Ulceration

Indexed keywords

ATHEROSCLEROSIS; PLAQUE ECCENTRICITY; STENOSIS SEVERITY; STEREOSCOPIC PIV; STROKE; THROMBOSIS; TURBULENCE INTENSITY; ULCERATION;

BIFURCATION (MATHEMATICS); DERMATOLOGY; DISEASES; FLOW VISUALIZATION; RISK ASSESSMENT; VELOCIMETERS; VELOCITY MEASUREMENT;

TURBULENCE;

ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CAROTID ARTERY BIFURCATION; CAROTID ARTERY DISEASE; CAROTID ARTERY OBSTRUCTION; CAROTID ARTERY PLAQUE ECCENTRICITY; CAROTID ARTERY ULCERATION; CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORONARY ARTERY TURBULENCE INTENSITY; DISEASE ACTIVITY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE MODEL; DISEASE SEVERITY; HEMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS; PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT;

ATHEROSCLEROSIS; PLAQUE ECCENTRICITY; STENOSIS SEVERITY; STEREOSCOPIC PIV; STROKE; THROMBOSIS; TURBULENCE INTENSITY; ULCERATION;

ALGORITHMS; CAROTID ARTERIES; CAROTID STENOSIS; CONSTRICTION, PATHOLOGIC; HUMANS; IMAGE PROCESSING, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; MODELS, ANATOMIC; MODELS, THEORETICAL; PLAQUE, ATHEROSCLEROTIC; RHEOLOGY;

EID: 84890857155     PISSN: 00219290     EISSN: 18732380     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.09.007     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Ahmed S.A., Giddens D.P. Pulsatile poststenotic flow studies with laser Doppler anemometry. Journal of Biomechanics 1984, 17:695-705.
2. Antiga L., Steinman D.A. Rethinking turbulence in blood. Biorheology 2009, 46:77-81.
3. Bale-Glickman J., Selby K., Saloner D., Savas O. Experimental flow studies in exact-replica phantoms of atherosclerotic carotid bifurcations under steady input conditions. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the ASME 2003, 125:38-48.
4. Bascom P.A.J., Johnston K.W., Cobbold R.S.C., Ojha M. Relation of the flow field distal to a moderate stenosis to the Doppler power. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology 1997, 23:25-39.
5. Birchall D., Zaman A., Hacker J., Davies G., Mendelow D. Analysis of haemodynamic disturbance in the atherosclerotic carotid artery using computational fluid dynamics. European Radiology 2006, 16:1074-1083.
6. Bluestein D., Gutierrez C., Londono M., Schoephoerster R.T. Vortex shedding in steady flow through a model of an arterial stenosis and its relevance to mural platelet deposition. Annals of Biomedical Engineering 1999, 27:763-773.
7. Brott T.G., Halperin J.L., Abbara S. Guideline on the management of patients with extracranial carotid and vertebral artery disease: executive summary. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2011, 57:1002-1044.
8. Buchmann N.A., Atkinson C., Jeremy M.C., Soria J. Tomographic particle image velocimetry investigation of the flow in a modeled human carotid artery bifurcation. Experiments in Fluids 2011, 50:1131-1151.
9. Casty M., Giddens D.P. 25+1 channel pulsed ultrasound Doppler velocity meter for quantitative flow measurements and turbulence analysis. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology 1984, 10:161-172.
10. Dyverfeldt P., Sigfridsson A., Kvitting J.-P.E., Ebbers T. Quantification of intravoxel velocity standard deviation and turbulence intensity by generalizing phase-contrast MRI. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 2006, 56:850-858.
11. European Carotid Surgery Trialists' Collaborative Group Randomised trial of endarterectomy for recently symptomatic carotid stenosis: final results of the MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST). Lancet 1998, 351:1379-1387.
12. Evans D.H., Jensen J.A., Nielsen M.B. Ultrasonic colour Doppler imaging. Interface Focus 2011, 1:490-502.
13. Falk E. Unstable angina with fatal outcome - dynamic coronary thrombosis leading to infarction and or sudden-death - autopsy evidence of recurrent mural thrombosis with peripheral embolization culminating in total vascular occlusion. Circulation 1985, 71:699-708.
14. Fisher M., Paganini-Hill A., Martin A., Cosgrove M., Toole J.F., Barnett H.J.M., Norris J. Carotid plaque pathology - thrombosis, ulceration, and stroke pathogenesis. Stroke 2005, 36:253-257.
15. Gijsen F.J.H., van de Vosse F.N., Janssen J.D. The influence of the non-newtonian properties of blood on the flow in large arteries: steady flow in a carotid bifurcation model. Journal of Biomechanics 1999, 32:601-608.
16. Grinberg L., Yakhot A., Karniadakis G.E. Analyzing transient turbulence in a stenosed carotid artery by proper orthogonal decomposition. Annals of Biomedical Engineering 2009, 37:2200-2217.
17. Holdsworth D.W., Norley C.J., Frayne R., Steinman D.A., Rutt B.K. Characterization of common carotid artery blood-flow waveforms in normal human subjects. Physiological Measurement 1999, 20:219-240.
18. Holdsworth D.W., Rickey D.W., Drangova M., Miller D.J.M., Fenster A. Computer-controlled positive displacement pump for physiological flow simulation. Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing 1991, 29:565-570.
19. Isaaz K., Bruntz J.F., Da Costa A., Winninger D., Cerisier A., de Chillou C., Sadoul N., Lamaud M., Ethevenot G., Aliot E. Noninvasive quantitation of blood flow turbulence in patients with aortic valve disease using online digital computer analysis of Doppler velocity data. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography 2003, 16:965-974.
20. Jackson S.P., Nesbitt W.S., Westein E. Dynamics of platelet thrombus formation. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 2009, 7:17-20.
21. Karri S., Vlachos P.P. Time-resolved DPIV investigation of pulsatile flow in symmetric stenotic arteries effects of phase angle. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 2010, 132:031010-1-031010-11.
22. Kefayati S., Poepping T.L. Transitional flow analysis in the carotid artery bifurcation by proper orthogonal decomposition and particle image velocimetry. Medical Engineering and Physics 2013, 35:898-909.
23. Khalifa A.M., Giddens D.P. Analysis of disorder in pulsatile flows with application to poststenotic blood velocity measurement in dogs. Journal of Biomechanics 1978, 11:129-141.
24. Ku D.N. Blood flow in arteries. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 1997, 29:399-434.
25. Lee S.E., Lee S.-W., Fischer P.F., Bassiouny H.S., Loth F. Direct numerical simulation of transitional flow in a stenosed carotid bifurcation. Journal of Biomechanics 2008, 41:2551-2561.
26. Li F., McDermott M.M., Li D., Carroll T.J., Hippe D.S., Kramer C.M., Fan Z., Zhao X., Hatsukami T.S., Chu B., Wang J., Yuan C. The association of lesion eccentricity with plaque morphology and components in the superficial femoral artery: a high-spatial-resolution, multi-contrast weighted CMR study. Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 2010, 12.
27. Long Q., Xu X.Y., Ramnarine K.V., Hoskins P. Numerical investigation of physiologically realistic pulsatile flow through arterial stenosis. Journal of Biomechanics 2001, 34:1229-1242.
28. Markl M., Frydrychowicz A., Kozerke S., Hope M., Wieben O. 4D flow MRI. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 2012, 36:1015-1036.
29. Milner J.S., Moore J.A., Rutt B.K., Steinman D.A. Hemodynamics of human carotid artery bifurcations: computational studies with models reconstructed from magnetic resonance imaging of normal subjects. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1998, 28:143-156.
30. Nesbitt W.S., Mangin P., Salem H.H., Jackson S.P. The impact of blood rheology on the molecular and cellular events underlying arterial thrombosis. Journal of Molecular Medicine 2006, 84:989-995.
31. Niu L., Qian M., Song R., Meng L., Liu X., Zheng H. A 2D non-invasive ultrasonic method for simultaneous measurement of arterial strain and flow pattern. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging 2012, 32:323-329.
32. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) investigators Clinical alert: benefit of carotid endarterectomy for patients with high-grade stenosis of the internal carotid artery. Stroke 1991, 22:816-817.
33. Ohara T., Toyoda K., Otsubo R., Nagatsuka K., Kubota Y., Yasaka M., Naritomi H., Minematsu K. Eccentric stenosis of the carotid artery associated with ipsilateral cerebrovascular events. American Journal of Neuroradiology 2008, 29:1200-1203.
34. Pedley T.J. The Fluid Mechanics of Large Blood Vessels 1980, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
35. Perktold K., Resch M., Florian H. Pulsatile non-newtonian flow characteristics in a 3-dimensional human carotid bifurcation model. ASME Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 1991, 113:464-475.
36. Poepping T.L., Nikolov H.N., Rankin R.N., Lee M., Holdsworth D.W. An in vitro system for Doppler ultrasound flow studies in the stenosed carotid artery bifurcation. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology 2002, 28:495-506.
37. Poepping T.L., Rankin R.N., Holdsworth D.W. Flow patterns in carotid bifurcation models using pulsed Doppler ultrasound: effect of concentric vs. eccentric stenosis on turbulence and recirculation. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology 2010, 36:1125-1134.
38. Reynolds W.C., Hussain A.K.M.F. The mechanics of an organized wave in turbulent shear flow. Part 3. Theoretical models and comparisons with experiments. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 1972, 54:263-288.
39. Sitzer M., Siebler M., Rose G., Steinmetz H. Cerebral microembolism in atherosclerotic carotid artery disease: facts and perspectives. Functional Neurology 1995, 10:251-258.
40. Skilbeck C.A., Walker P.G., David T., Nash G.B. Disturbed flow promotes deposition of leucocytes from flowing whole blood in a model of a damaged vessel wall. British Journal of Haematology 2004, 126:418-427.
41. Smith R.F., Rutt B.K., Fox A.J., Rankin R.N., Holdsworth D.W. Geometric characterization of stenosed human carotid arteries. Academic Radiology 1996, 3:898-911.
42. Smith R.F., Rutt B.K., Holdsworth D.W. Anthropomorphic carotid bifurcation phantom for MRI applications. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 1999, 10:533-544.
43. Smith R.L., Stein P.D., Coalson J., Blick E.F. Thrombus production by turbulence. Journal of Applied Physiology 1972, 32:261-264.
44. Spagnoli L.G., Mauriello A., Sangiorgi G., Fratoni S., Bonanno E., Schwartz R.S., Piepgras D.G., Pistolese R., Ippoliti A., Holmes D.R. Extracranial thrombotically active carotid plaque as a risk factor for ischemic stroke. Journal of the American Medical Association 2004, 292:1845-1852.
45. Stein P.D., Sabbah H.N. Measured turbulence and its effect on thrombus formation. Circulation Research 1974, 35:608-614.
46. Stein P.D., Sabbah H.N. Hemorheology of turbulence. Biorheology 1980, 17:301-319.
47. Stroud J.S., Berger S.A., Saloner D. Numerical analysis of flow through a severely stenotic carotid artery bifurcation. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the ASME 2002, 124:9-20.
48. Tang D.L., Yang C., Kobayasi S., Zheng J., Vito R.P. Effect of stenosis asymmetry on blood flow and artery compression: a three-dimensional fluid-structure interaction model. Annals of Biomedical Engineering 2003, 31:1182-1193.
49. Thorne M.L., Rankin R.N., Steinman D.A., Holdsworth D.W. In vivo Doppler ultrasound quantification of turbulence intensity using a high-pass frequency filter method. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology 2010, 36:761-771.
50. Varghese S.S., Frankel S.H., Fischer P.F. Direct numerical simulation of stenotic flows. Part 2. Pulsatile flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 2007, 582:281-318.
51. Vermylen J., Verstraete M., Fuster V. Role of platelet activation and fibrin formation in thrombogenesis. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 1986, 8:B2-B9.
52. Vetel J., Garon A., Pelletier D. Lagrangian coherent structures in the human carotid artery bifurcation. Experiments in Fluids 2009, 46:1067-1079.
53. Vetel J., Garon A., Pelletier D., Farinas M.I. Asymmetry and transition to turbulence in a smooth axisymmetric constriction. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 2008, 607:351-386.
54. Virmani R., Ladich E.R., Burke A.P., Kolodgie F.D. Histopathology of carotid atherosclerotic disease. Neurosurgery 2006, 59:S219.
55. Warlow C., Sudlow C., Dennis M., Wardlaw J., Sandercock P. Stroke. Lancet 2003, 362:1211-1224.
56. Wong E.Y., Nikolov H.N., Rankin R.N., Holdsworth D.W., Poepping T.L. Evaluation of distal turbulence intensity for the detection of both plaque ulceration and stenosis grade in the carotid bifurcation using clinical Doppler ultrasound. European Radiology 2013, 23:1720-1728.
57. Wong E.Y., Nikolov H.N., Thorne M.L., Poepping T.L., Rankin R.N., Holdsworth D.W. Clinical Doppler ultrasound for the assessment of plaque ulceration in the stenosed carotid bifurcation by detection of distal turbulence intensity: a matched model study. European Radiology 2009, 19:2739-2749.
58. Yousif M.Y., Holdsworth D.W., Poepping T.L. A blood-mimicking fluid for particle image velocimetry with silicone vascular models. Experiments in Fluids 2011, 50:769-774.
59. Zhang F., Lanning C., Mazzaro L., Barker A.J., Gates P.E., Strain W.D., Fulford J., Gosling O.E., Shore A.C., Bellenger N.G., Rech B., Chen J., Chen J., Shandas R. In vitro and preliminary in vivo validation of echo particle image velocimetry in carotid vascular imaging. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology 2011, 37:450-464.