Smoking and multiple sclerosis susceptibility

European Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 28, Issue 11, 2013, Pages 867-874

  Hedström, Anna Karin ^a   Hillert, Jan ^a   Olsson, Tomas ^a   Alfredsson, Lars ^a,b  

^a KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

^b STOCKHOLM COUNTY COUNCIL   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Case control study; Multiple sclerosis; Smoking

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; FEMALE; HUMAN; LONG TERM EXPOSURE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; ONSET AGE; POPULATION BASED CASE CONTROL STUDY; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK REDUCTION; SMOKING; SMOKING AND SMOKING RELATED PHENOMENA; SMOKING CESSATION; SMOKING DURATION; SMOKING HABIT; SWEDEN; YOUNG ADULT;

ADULT; AGE FACTORS; AGE OF ONSET; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY; FEMALE; GENOTYPE; HUMANS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; ODDS RATIO; POPULATION SURVEILLANCE; RISK FACTORS; SMOKING; SMOKING CESSATION; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; SWEDEN; TIME FACTORS; TOBACCO USE DISORDER;

EID: 84890566502     PISSN: 03932990     EISSN: 15737284     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10654-013-9853-4     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. Wingerchuk DM. Smoking: effects on multiple sclerosis susceptibility and disease progression. Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2012;5:13-22.
2. Thompson AJ, Montalban X, Barkhof F, et al. Diagnostic criteria for primary progressive multiple sclerosis: a position paper. Ann Neurol. 2000;47:831-5.
3. Internet-based information: http://www.ms-registret.net. Accessed 4 Oct 2012.
4. Hedström AK, Bäärnhielm M, Olsson T, Alfredsson L. Tobacco smoking, but not swedish snuff usage, increases the risk of multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2009;73:696-701.
5. Hedström AK, Åkerstedt T, Hillert J, et al. Shift work at young age is associated with increased risk for multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol. 2011;70:733-41.
6. Bäärnhielm M, Hedström AK, Kockum I, et al. Sunlight is associated with decreased multiple sclerosis risk: no interaction with human leukocyte antigen-DRB1*15. Eur J Neurol. 2012;19:955-62.
7. Simon KC, Munger KL, Ascherio A. Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis: epidemiology, immunology, and genetics. Curr Opin Neurol. 2012;25:246-51.
8. Sundqvist E, Sundström P, Lindén M, et al. Epstein-Barr virus and multiple sclerosis: interaction with HLA. Genes Immun. 2012;13:14-20.
9. Munger KL, Chitnis T, Ascherio A. Body size and risk of MS in two cohorts of US women. Neurology. 2009;73:1543-50.
10. Hedström AK, Olsson T, Alfredsson L. High body mass index before age 20 is associated with increased risk for multiple sclerosis in both men and women. Mult Scler. 2012;18:1334-6.
11. Internet-based information. http://www.scb.se. Accessed 11 Aug 2012.
12. Doyle HA, Mamula MJ. Posttranslational protein modifications: new flavors in the menu of autoantigens. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2002;14:244-9 Review.
13. Cloos PA, Christgau S. Post-translational modifications of proteins: implications for aging, antigen recognition, and autoimmunity. Biogerontology. 2004;5:139-58 Review.
14. Odoardi F, Sie C, Streyl K, et al. T cells become licensed in the lung to enter the central nervous system. Nature. 2012;488:675-9.
15. Hedström AK, Sundqvist E, Bäärnhielm M, et al. Smoking and two human leukocyte antigen genes interact to increase the risk for multiple sclerosis. Brain. 2011;134:653-64.
16. Mahdi H, Fisher BA, Kallberg H, et al. Specific interaction between genotype, smoking and autoimmunity to citrullinated alpha-enolase in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Genet. 2009;41:1319-24.