Recent advances in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children and adolescents: An expert panel discussion

Current Opinion in Oncology

Volumn 25, Issue SUPPL.3, 2013, Pages

  Asselin, Barbara L ^a   Gaynon, Paul ^b   Whitlock, James A ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN   (Canada)

Author keywords

acute lymphoblastic leukemia; adherence; emerging agents; relapse; risk stratification

Indexed keywords

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; BLINATUMOMAB; BLINOTUMOMAB; BORTEZOMIB; CLOFARABINE; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; CYTARABINE; DASATINIB; DEXAMETHASONE; IDARUBICIN; IMATINIB; INOTUZUMAB OZOGAMICIN; JANUS KINASE; METHOTREXATE; MITOXANTRONE; MIXED LINEAGE LEUKEMIA PROTEIN; MOXETUMOMAB PASUDOTOX; NELARABINE; PREDNISONE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ETV6; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR RUNX1; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA; AVASCULAR NECROSIS; CANCER COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY; CANCER PROGNOSIS; CANCER REGISTRY; CANCER SURVIVOR; CHILDHOOD LEUKEMIA; CHROMOSOME TRANSLOCATION; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; COHORT ANALYSIS; DRUG DOSE ESCALATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG MEGADOSE; EVENT FREE SURVIVAL; GENE EXPRESSION; GENE REARRANGEMENT; GRAFT VERSUS LEUKEMIA EFFECT; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; HUMAN; LEUKEMIA RELAPSE; LEUKEMOGENESIS; MINIMAL RESIDUAL DISEASE; NATIONAL HEALTH ORGANIZATION; ONCOLOGIST; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PHARMACOGENOMICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; UNITED KINGDOM; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT;

ACUTE DISEASE; ADOLESCENT; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; CONSENSUS; GENETIC ASSOCIATION STUDIES; HUMANS; NEOPLASM, RESIDUAL; PRECURSOR CELL LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA; PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITORS; RISK ASSESSMENT; STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION;

EID: 84890401344     PISSN: 10408746     EISSN: 1531703X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000000017     Document Type: Review

References (62)

1. Esparza SD, Sakamoto KM. Topics in pediatric leukemia: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia. MedGenMed 2005; 7:23.
2. American Cancer Society. Cancer facts and figures 2012. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2012.
3. Hunger SP, Lu X, Devidas M, et al. Improved survival for children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia between 1990 and 2005: A report from the Children's Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30:1663-1669.
4. Pui CH, Carroll WL, Meshinchi S, Arceci RJ. Biology, risk stratification, and therapy of pediatric acute leukemias: An update. J Clin Oncol 2011; 29:551-565.
5. Vora A, Goulden N, Wade R, et al. Treatment reduction for children and young adults with low-risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia defined by minimal residual disease (UKALL 2003): A randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 2013; 14:199-209.
6. Nguyen K, Devidas M, Cheng SC, et al. Factors influencing survival after relapse from acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A Children's Oncology Group study. Leukemia 2008; 22:2142-2150.
7. Freyer DR, Devidas M, La M, et al. Postrelapse survival in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia is independent of initial treatment intensity: A report from the Children's Oncology Group. Blood 2011; 117:3010-3015.
8. Pulte D, Gondos A, Brenner H. Improvement in survival in younger patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia from the 1980s to the early 21st century. Blood 2009; 113:1408-1411.
9. Oeffinger KC, Mertens AC, Sklar CA, et al. Chronic health conditions in adult survivors of childhood cancer. N Engl J Med 2006; 355:1572-1582. (Pubitemid 44547808)
10. Shusterman S, Meadows AT. Long term survivors of childhood leukemia. Curr Opin Hematol 2000; 7:217-222. (Pubitemid 30387845)
11. Furlong W, Rae C, Feeny D, et al. Health-related quality of life among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 59:717-724.
12. Bhatia S, Landier W, Shangguan M, et al. Nonadherence to oral mercaptopurine and risk of relapse in Hispanic and non-Hispanic white children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A report from the Children's Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30:2094-2101.
13. Gaynon PS, Desai AA, Bostrom BC, et al. Early response to therapy and outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A review. Cancer 1997; 80:1717-1726. (Pubitemid 27475928)
14. Borowitz MJ, Devidas M, Hunger SP, et al. Clinical significance of minimal residual disease in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and its relationship to other prognostic factors: A Children's Oncology Group study. Blood 2008; 111:5477-5485.
15. Basso G, Veltroni M, Valsecchi MG, et al. Risk of relapse of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia is predicted by flow cytometric measurement of residual disease on day 15 bone marrow. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27:5168-5174.
16. Pui CH, Robison LL, Look AT. Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Lancet 2008; 371:1030-1043. (Pubitemid 351389536)
17. Pui CH, Campana D, Pei D, et al. Treating childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia without cranial irradiation. N Engl J Med 2009; 360:2730-2741.
18. Salzer WL, Devidas M, Carroll WL, et al. Long-term results of the pediatric oncology group studies for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia 1984-2001: A report from the Children's Oncology Group. Leukemia 2010; 24:355-370.
19. Attarbaschi A, Mann G, Panzer-Grumayer R, et al. Minimal residual disease values discriminate between low and high relapse risk in children with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia and an intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21: The Austrian and German acute lymphoblastic leukemia Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster (ALL-BFM) trials. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26:3046-3050.
20. Schultz KR, Bowman WP, Aledo A, et al. Improved early event-free survival with imatinib in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A Children's Oncology Group study. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27:5175-5181.
21. Pui CH, Evans WE. Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med 2006; 354:166-178. (Pubitemid 43076714)
22. Nachman JB, Heerema NA, Sather H, et al. Outcome of treatment in children with hypodiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2007; 110:1112-1115. (Pubitemid 47281405)
23. Mullighan CG, Collins-Underwood JR, Phillips LA, et al. Rearrangement of CRLF2 in B-progenitor-and Down syndrome-associated acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nat Genet 2009; 41:1243-1246.
24. Cario G, Zimmermann M, Romey R, et al. Presence of the P2RY8-CRLF2 rearrangement is associated with a poor prognosis in nonhigh-risk precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children treated according to the ALLBFM 2000 protocol. Blood 2010; 115:5393-5397.
25. Harvey RC, Mullighan CG, Chen IM, et al. Rearrangement of CRLF2 is associated with mutation of JAK kinases, alteration of IKZF1, Hispanic/Latino ethnicity, and a poor outcome in pediatric B-progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2010; 115:5312-5321.
26. Meijerink JP, den Boer ML, Pieters R. New genetic abnormalities and treatment response in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Semin Hematol 2009; 46:16-23.
27. Graux C, Stevens-Kroef M, Lafage M, et al. Heterogeneous patterns of amplification of the NUP214-ABL1 fusion gene in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2009; 23:125-133.
28. Coustan-Smith E, Mullighan CG, Onciu M, et al. Early T-cell precursor leukaemia: A subtype of very high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Lancet Oncol 2009; 10:147-156.
29. Mullighan CG, Su X, Zhang J, et al. Detection of IKZFi and prognosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Eng J Med 2009; 360:470-480.
30. Den Boer ML, van Slegtenhorst M, De Menezes RX, et al. A subtype of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with poor treatment outcome: A genome-wide classification study. Lancet Oncol 2009; 10:125-134.
31. Mullighan CG, Zhang J, Harvey RC, et al. JAK mutations in high-risk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:9414-9418.
32. Breit S, Stanulla M, Flohr T, et al. Activating NOTCH1 mutations predict favorable early treatment response and long-term outcome in childhood precursor T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2006; 108:1151-1157. (Pubitemid 44232009)
33. Gutierrez A, Sanda T, Grebliunaite R, et al. High frequency of PTEN, PI3K, and AKT abnormalities in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2009; 114:647-650.
34. Hunger SP, Loh ML, Whitlock JA, et al. Children's Oncology Group's 2013 blueprint for research: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60:957-963.
35. Asselin BL, Devidas M, Wang C, et al. Effectiveness of high-dose methotrexate in T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia and advanced-stage lymphoblastic lymphoma: A randomized study by the Children's Oncology Group (POG 9404). Blood 2011; 118:874-883.
36. Gokbuget N, Kneba M, Raff T, et al. Adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and molecular failure display a poor prognosis and are candidates for stem cell transplantation and targeted therapies. Blood 2012; 120:1868-1876.
37. Esteve J, Escoda L, Martin G, et al. Outcome of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia failing to front-line treatment with all-trans retinoic acid and anthracycline-based chemotherapy (PETHEMA protocols LPA96 and LPA99): Benefit of an early intervention. Leukemia 2007; 21:446-452.
38. Boklan J. Little patients, losing patience: Pediatric cancer drug development. Mol Cancer Ther 2006; 5:1905-1908. (Pubitemid 44336560)
39. Norris RE, Adamson PC. Challenges and opportunities in childhood cancer drug development. Nat Rev Cancer 2012; 12:776-782.
40. Parker C, Waters R, Leighton C, et al. Effect of mitoxantrone on outcome of children with first relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL R3): An open-label randomised trial. Lancet 2010; 376:2009-2017.
41. Vora AJ, Richards S, Hancock J, et al. Variables affecting kinetics of minimal residual disease clearance in children with lymphoblastic leukaemia: Results of the United Kingdom Medical Research Council (UK MRC) Protocols ALL97, ALL97/99 and ALL2003. ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts 2005; 106: Abstract 86.
42. Schrappe M, Zimmermann M, Moricke A, et al. Dexamethasone in induction can eliminate one third of all relapses in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): Results of an International randomized trial in 3655 patients (Trial AIEOP-BFM ALL 2000). Blood 2008; 112:; Abstract 7.
43. Yang JJ, Bhojwani D, Yang W, et al. Genome-wide copy number profiling reveals molecular evolution from diagnosis to relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2008; 112:4178-4183.
44. Grupp SA, Kalos M, Barrett D, et al. Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells for acute lymphoid leukemia. N Engl J Med 2013; 368:1509-1518.
45. Druker BJ. Perspectives on the development of imatinib and the future of cancer research. Nat Med 2009; 15:1149-1152.
46. Raetz EA, Borowitz MJ, Devidas M, et al. Reinduction platform for children with first marrow relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A Children's Oncology Group Study [corrected]. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26:3971-3978.
47. Gaynon PS, Harris RE, Altman AJ, et al. Bone marrow transplantation versus prolonged intensive chemotherapy for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and an initial bone marrow relapse within 12 months of the completion of primary therapy: Children's Oncology Group study CCG-1941. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24:3150-3156. (Pubitemid 46638953)
48. Einsiedel HG, von Stackelberg A, Hartmann R, et al. Long-term outcome in children with relapsed ALL by risk-stratified salvage therapy: Results of trial acute lymphoblastic leukemia-relapse study of the Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster Group J Clin Oncol 2005; 23:7942-7950.
49. Tallen G, Ratei R, Mann G, et al. Long-term outcome in children with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia after time-point and site-of-relapse stratification and intensified short-course multidrug chemotherapy: Results of trial ALL-REZ BFM J Clin Oncol 2010; 28:2339-2347.
50. Bader P, Kreyenberg H, Henze GH, et al. Prognostic value of minimal residual disease quantification before allogeneic stem-cell transplantation in relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: The ALL-REZ BFM Study Group. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27:377-384.
51. Nagorsen D, Kufer P, Baeuerle PA, Bargou R. Blinatumomab: A historical perspective. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 136:334-342.
52. Krieg AM. Development of TLR9 agonists for cancer therapy. J Clin Invest 2007; 117:1184-1194. (Pubitemid 46718403)
53. Meyer JA, Wang J, Hogan LE, et al. Relapse-specific mutations in NT5C2 in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nat Genet 2013; 45:290-294.
54. Greaves M. Cancer stem cells: Back to Darwin Semin Cancer Biol 2010; 20:65-70.
55. Klinger M, Brandl C, Zugmaier G, et al. Immunopharmacologic response of patients with B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia to continuous infusion of T cell-engaging CD19/CD3-bispecific BiTE antibody blinatumomab. Blood 2012; 119:6226-6233.
56. Nachman JB, La MK, Hunger SP, et al. Young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia have an excellent outcome with chemotherapy alone and benefit from intensive postinduction treatment: A report from the Children's Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27:5189-5194.
57. Relling MV, Yang W, Das S, et al. Pharmacogenetic risk factors for osteonecrosis of the hip among children with leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2004; 22:3930-3936. (Pubitemid 41079875)
58. Kawedia JD, Kaste SC, Pei D, et al. Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacogenetic determinants of osteonecrosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2011; 117:2340-2347; quiz 2556.
59. Ploner C, Schmidt S, Presul E, et al. Glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis and glucocorticoid resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2005; 93:153-160. (Pubitemid 40602487)
60. National Cancer Institute (NCI). Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET). http://target.cancer.gov/projects/all/. [Accessed 20 March 2013]
61. Horowitz MM, Gale RP, Sondel PM, et al. Graft-versus-leukemia reactions after bone marrow transplantation. Blood 1990; 75:555-562. (Pubitemid 20069191)
62. van der Velden VH, Jacobs DC, Wijkhuijs AJ, et al. Minimal residual disease levels in bone marrow and peripheral blood are comparable in children with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but not in precursor-B-ALL. Leukemia 2002; 16:1432-1436.