메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 110, Issue 12, 2013, Pages 2792-2805

In vivo electrophysiology of nigral and thalamic neurons in alpha-synuclein-overexpressing mice highlights differences from toxin-based models of parkinsonism

Author keywords

Basal ganglia; Mouse; Parkinson's disease; Recording; Thalamus

Indexed keywords

ALPHA SYNUCLEIN; DOPAMINE; TOXIN; TYROSINE 3 MONOOXYGENASE;

EID: 84890347851     PISSN: 00223077     EISSN: 15221598     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/jn.00441.2013     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (16)

References (76)
  • 1
    • 0028857492 scopus 로고
    • Short-and long-range neuronal synchronization of the slow (1 Hz) cortical oscillation
    • Amzica F, Steriade M. Short-and long-range neuronal synchronization of the slow (1 Hz) cortical oscillation. J Neurophysiol 73: 20-38, 1995.
    • (1995) J Neurophysiol , vol.73 , pp. 20-38
    • Amzica, F.1    Steriade, M.2
  • 2
    • 0028001566 scopus 로고
    • Effect of the nigrostriatal dopamine system on acquired neural responses in the striatum of behaving monkeys
    • Aosaki T, Graybiel AM, Kimura M. Effect of the nigrostriatal dopamine system on acquired neural responses in the striatum of behaving monkeys. Science 265: 412-415, 1994.
    • (1994) Science , vol.265 , pp. 412-415
    • Aosaki, T.1    Graybiel, A.M.2    Kimura, M.3
  • 3
  • 5
    • 0037353591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spreading of slow cortical rhythms to the basal ganglia output nuclei in rats with nigrostriatal lesions
    • Belluscio MA, Kasanetz F, Riquelme LA, Murer MG. Spreading of slow cortical rhythms to the basal ganglia output nuclei in rats with nigrostriatal lesions. Eur J Neurosci 17: 1046-1052, 2003.
    • (2003) Eur J Neurosci , vol.17 , pp. 1046-1052
    • Belluscio, M.A.1    Kasanetz, F.2    Riquelme, L.A.3    Murer, M.G.4
  • 6
    • 76849101228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CircStat: A MATLAB toolbox for circular statistics
    • Berens P. CircStat: a MATLAB toolbox for circular statistics. J Stat Software 31: 1-21, 2009.
    • (2009) J Stat Software , vol.31 , pp. 1-21
    • Berens, P.1
  • 8
    • 0035115941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine dependency of oscillations between subthalamic nucleus and pallidum in Parkinson's disease
    • Brown P, Oliviero A, Mazzone P, Insola A, Tonali P, Di Lazzaro V. Dopamine dependency of oscillations between subthalamic nucleus and pallidum in Parkinson's disease. J Neurosci 21: 1033-1038, 2001.
    • (2001) J Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 1033-1038
    • Brown, P.1    Oliviero, A.2    Mazzone, P.3    Insola, A.4    Tonali, P.5    Di Lazzaro, V.6
  • 11
    • 0028860062 scopus 로고
    • Cellular basis of EEG slow rhythms: A study of dynamic corticothalamic relationships
    • Contreras D, Steriade M. Cellular basis of EEG slow rhythms: a study of dynamic corticothalamic relationships. J Neurosci 15: 604-622, 1995.
    • (1995) J Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 604-622
    • Contreras, D.1    Steriade, M.2
  • 12
    • 67649443960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic but not acute dopaminergic transmission interruption promotes a progressive increase in cortical beta frequency synchronization: Relationships to vigilance state and akinesia
    • Degos B, Deniau JM, Chavez M, Maurice N. Chronic but not acute dopaminergic transmission interruption promotes a progressive increase in cortical beta frequency synchronization: relationships to vigilance state and akinesia. Cereb Cortex 19: 1616-1630, 2009.
    • (2009) Cereb Cortex , vol.19 , pp. 1616-1630
    • Degos, B.1    Deniau, J.M.2    Chavez, M.3    Maurice, N.4
  • 13
  • 14
    • 38949187183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oscillatory activity in the basal ganglia
    • Eusebio A, Brown P. Oscillatory activity in the basal ganglia. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 13, Suppl 3: S434-S436, 2007.
    • (2007) Parkinsonism Relat Disord , vol.13 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Eusebio, A.1    Brown, P.2
  • 20
    • 79956148176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization and pharmacological modulation of GABA-B receptors in the globus pallidus of parkinsonian monkeys
    • Galvan A, Hu X, Smith Y, Wichmann T. Localization and pharmacological modulation of GABA-B receptors in the globus pallidus of parkinsonian monkeys. Exp Neurol 229: 429-439, 2011.
    • (2011) Exp Neurol , vol.229 , pp. 429-439
    • Galvan, A.1    Hu, X.2    Smith, Y.3    Wichmann, T.4
  • 21
    • 33749060985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oscillations in the basal ganglia under normal conditions and in movement disorders
    • Gatev P, Darbin O, Wichmann T. Oscillations in the basal ganglia under normal conditions and in movement disorders. Mov Disord 21: 1566-1577, 2006.
    • (2006) Mov Disord , vol.21 , pp. 1566-1577
    • Gatev, P.1    Darbin, O.2    Wichmann, T.3
  • 24
    • 0242320561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transmission of the subthalamic nucleus oscillatory activity to the cortex: A computational approach
    • Hadipour Niktarash A. Transmission of the subthalamic nucleus oscillatory activity to the cortex: a computational approach. J Comput Neurosci 15: 223-232, 2003.
    • (2003) J Comput Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 223-232
    • Hadipour, N.A.1
  • 25
    • 0029894898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of discharge variability in vitro and in vivo in cat visual cortex neurons
    • Holt G, Softky WR, Koch C, Douglas RJ. Comparison of discharge variability in vitro and in vivo in cat visual cortex neurons. J Neurophysiol 75: 1806-1814, 1996.
    • (1996) J Neurophysiol , vol.75 , pp. 1806-1814
    • Holt, G.1    Softky, W.R.2    Koch, C.3    Douglas, R.J.4
  • 26
    • 14244261010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine reverses the motor deficits in Pitx3-deficient aphakia mice: Behavioral characterization of a novel genetic model of Parkinson's disease
    • Hwang DY, Fleming SM, Ardayfio P, Moran-Gates T, Kim H, Tarazi FI, Chesselet MF, Kim KS. 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine reverses the motor deficits in Pitx3-deficient aphakia mice: behavioral characterization of a novel genetic model of Parkinson's disease. J Neurosci 25: 2132-2137, 2005.
    • (2005) J Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 2132-2137
    • Hwang, D.Y.1    Fleming, S.M.2    Ardayfio, P.3    Moran-Gates, T.4    Kim, H.5    Tarazi, F.I.6    Chesselet, M.F.7    Kim, K.S.8
  • 31
    • 78650770560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complementary distribution of glutamatergic cerebellar and GABAergic basal ganglia afferents to the rat motor thalamic nuclei
    • Kuramoto E, Fujiyama F, Nakamura KC, Tanaka Y, Hioki H, Kaneko T. Complementary distribution of glutamatergic cerebellar and GABAergic basal ganglia afferents to the rat motor thalamic nuclei. Eur J Neurosci 33: 95-109, 2011.
    • (2011) Eur J Neurosci , vol.33 , pp. 95-109
    • Kuramoto, E.1    Fujiyama, F.2    Nakamura, K.C.3    Tanaka, Y.4    Hioki, H.5    Kaneko, T.6
  • 33
    • 2542612292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time to move beyond nigrostriatal dopamine deficiency in Parkinson's disease
    • Lang AE, Obeso JA. Time to move beyond nigrostriatal dopamine deficiency in Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 55: 761-765, 2004.
    • (2004) Ann Neurol , vol.55 , pp. 761-765
    • Lang, A.E.1    Obeso, J.A.2
  • 34
    • 34548675150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Late emergence of synchronized oscillatory activity in the pallidum during progressive Parkinsonism
    • Leblois A, Meissner W, Bioulac B, Gross CE, Hansel D, Boraud T. Late emergence of synchronized oscillatory activity in the pallidum during progressive Parkinsonism. Eur J Neurosci 26: 1701-1713, 2007.
    • (2007) Eur J Neurosci , vol.26 , pp. 1701-1713
    • Leblois, A.1    Meissner, W.2    Bioulac, B.3    Gross, C.E.4    Hansel, D.5    Boraud, T.6
  • 35
    • 0036263803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dependence of subthalamic nucleus oscillations on movement and dopamine in Parkinson's disease
    • Levy R, Ashby P, Hutchison WD, Lang AE, Lozano AM, Dostrovsky JO. Dependence of subthalamic nucleus oscillations on movement and dopamine in Parkinson's disease. Brain 125: 1196-1209, 2002.
    • (2002) Brain , vol.125 , pp. 1196-1209
    • Levy, R.1    Ashby, P.2    Hutchison, W.D.3    Lang, A.E.4    Lozano, A.M.5    Dostrovsky, J.O.6
  • 36
    • 0021325625 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiology of pars compacta cells in the in vitro substantia nigra-a possible mechanism for dendritic release
    • Llinas R, Greenfield SA, Jahnsen H. Electrophysiology of pars compacta cells in the in vitro substantia nigra-a possible mechanism for dendritic release. Brain Res 294: 127-132, 1984.
    • (1984) Brain Res , vol.294 , pp. 127-132
    • Llinas, R.1    Greenfield, S.A.2    Jahnsen, H.3
  • 37
    • 0027064998 scopus 로고
    • Effects of membrane voltage on receptive field properties of lateral geniculate neurons in the cat: Contributions of the low-threshold Ca2 conductance
    • Lu SM, Guido W, Sherman SM. Effects of membrane voltage on receptive field properties of lateral geniculate neurons in the cat: contributions of the low-threshold Ca2 conductance. J Neurophysiol 68: 2185-2198, 1992.
    • (1992) J Neurophysiol , vol.68 , pp. 2185-2198
    • Lu, S.M.1    Guido, W.2    Sherman, S.M.3
  • 38
    • 0025016180 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological properties of nigrothalamic neurons after 6-hydroxydopamine lesions in the rat
    • MacLeod NK, Ryman A, Arbuthnott GW. Electrophysiological properties of nigrothalamic neurons after 6-hydroxydopamine lesions in the rat. Neuroscience 38: 447-456, 1990.
    • (1990) Neuroscience , vol.38 , pp. 447-456
    • Macleod, N.K.1    Ryman, A.2    Arbuthnott, G.W.3
  • 39
    • 0035817765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine regulates the impact of the cerebral cortex on the subthalamic nucleus-globus pallidus network
    • Magill PJ, Bolam JP, Bevan MD. Dopamine regulates the impact of the cerebral cortex on the subthalamic nucleus-globus pallidus network. Neuroscience 106: 313-330, 2001.
    • (2001) Neuroscience , vol.106 , pp. 313-330
    • Magill, P.J.1    Bolam, J.P.2    Bevan, M.D.3
  • 41
    • 58149387591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parkinsonian beta oscillations in the external globus pallidus and their relationship with subthalamic nucleus activity
    • Mallet N, Pogosyan A, Marton LF, Bolam JP, Brown P, Magill PJ. Parkinsonian beta oscillations in the external globus pallidus and their relationship with subthalamic nucleus activity. J Neurosci 28: 14245-14258, 2008a.
    • (2008) J Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 14245-14258
    • Mallet, N.1    Pogosyan, A.2    Marton, L.F.3    Bolam, J.P.4    Brown, P.5    Magill, P.J.6
  • 42
    • 44649139335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disrupted dopamine transmission and the emergence of exaggerated beta oscillations in subthalamic nucleus and cerebral cortex
    • Mallet N, Pogosyan A, Sharott A, Csicsvari J, Bolam JP, Brown P, Magill PJ. Disrupted dopamine transmission and the emergence of exaggerated beta oscillations in subthalamic nucleus and cerebral cortex. J Neurosci 28: 4795-4806, 2008b.
    • (2008) J Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 4795-4806
    • Mallet, N.1    Pogosyan, A.2    Sharott, A.3    Csicsvari, J.4    Bolam, J.P.5    Brown, P.6    Magill, P.J.7
  • 43
    • 0001209811 scopus 로고
    • A non-parametric test for the bivariate two-sample location problem
    • Mardia KV. A non-parametric test for the bivariate two-sample location problem. J R Stat Soc Ser B 29: 320-342, 1967.
    • (1967) J R Stat Soc Ser B , vol.29 , pp. 320-342
    • Mardia, K.V.1
  • 45
    • 0343052652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pole test is a useful method for evaluating the mouse movement disorder caused by striatal dopamine depletion
    • Matsuura K, Kabuto H, Makino H, Ogawa N. Pole test is a useful method for evaluating the mouse movement disorder caused by striatal dopamine depletion. J Neurosci Methods 73: 45-48, 1997.
    • (1997) J Neurosci Methods , vol.73 , pp. 45-48
    • Matsuura, K.1    Kabuto, H.2    Makino, H.3    Ogawa, N.4
  • 47
    • 0024336026 scopus 로고
    • The organization of the projection from the cerebral cortex to the striatum in the rat
    • McGeorge AJ, Faull RL. The organization of the projection from the cerebral cortex to the striatum in the rat. Neuroscience 29: 503-537, 1989.
    • (1989) Neuroscience , vol.29 , pp. 503-537
    • McGeorge, A.J.1    Faull, R.L.2
  • 48
    • 0018822717 scopus 로고
    • A modification of the Rayleigh test for vector data
    • Moore BR. A modification of the Rayleigh test for vector data. Biometrika 67: 175-180, 1980.
    • (1980) Biometrika , vol.67 , pp. 175-180
    • Moore, B.R.1
  • 49
    • 0030683499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substantia nigra pars reticulata single unit activity in normal and 6-OHDA-lesioned rats: Effects of intrastriatal apomorphine and subthalamic lesions
    • Murer MG, Riquelme LA, Tseng KY, Pazo JH. Substantia nigra pars reticulata single unit activity in normal and 6-OHDA-lesioned rats: effects of intrastriatal apomorphine and subthalamic lesions. Synapse 27: 278-293, 1997.
    • (1997) Synapse , vol.27 , pp. 278-293
    • Murer, M.G.1    Riquelme, L.A.2    Tseng, K.Y.3    Pazo, J.H.4
  • 50
    • 84890540687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal coupling with cortex distinguishes spontaneous neuronal activities in identified basal gangliarecipient and cerebellar-recipient zones of the motor thalamus
    • (October 4, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhs287
    • Nakamura KC, Sharott A, Magill PJ. Temporal coupling with cortex distinguishes spontaneous neuronal activities in identified basal gangliarecipient and cerebellar-recipient zones of the motor thalamus. Cereb Cortex (October 4, 2012). doi:10.1093/cercor/bhs287.
    • (2012) Cereb Cortex
    • Nakamura, K.C.1    Sharott, A.2    Magill, P.J.3
  • 55
    • 0025288459 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal basis of the parkinsonian resting tremor: A hypothesis and its implications for treatment
    • Pare D, Curro'Dossi R, Steriade M. Neuronal basis of the parkinsonian resting tremor: a hypothesis and its implications for treatment. Neuroscience 35: 217-226, 1990.
    • (1990) Neuroscience , vol.35 , pp. 217-226
    • Pare, D.1    Curro'Dossi, R.2    Steriade, M.3
  • 56
    • 67349132392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parafascicular thalamic nucleus activity in a rat model of Parkinson's disease
    • Parr-Brownlie LC, Poloskey SL, Bergstrom DA, Walters JR. Parafascicular thalamic nucleus activity in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol 217: 269-281, 2009.
    • (2009) Exp Neurol , vol.217 , pp. 269-281
    • Parr-Brownlie, L.C.1    Poloskey, S.L.2    Bergstrom, D.A.3    Walters, J.R.4
  • 58
    • 84880150978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What basal ganglia changes underlie the parkinsonian state? The significance of neuronal oscillatory activity
    • Quiroga-Varela A, Walters JR, Brazhnik E, Marin C, Obeso JA. What basal ganglia changes underlie the parkinsonian state? The significance of neuronal oscillatory activity. Neurobiol Dis 58C: 242-248, 2013.
    • (2013) Neurobiol Dis , vol.58 C , pp. 242-248
    • Quiroga-Varela, A.1    Walters, J.R.2    Brazhnik, E.3    Marin, C.4    Obeso, J.A.5
  • 59
    • 0036605566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential neuropathological alterations in transgenic mice expressing alpha-synuclein from the platelet-derived growth factor and Thy-1 promoters
    • Rockenstein E, Mallory M, Hashimoto M, Song D, Shults CW, Lang I, Masliah E. Differential neuropathological alterations in transgenic mice expressing alpha-synuclein from the platelet-derived growth factor and Thy-1 promoters. J Neurosci Res 68: 568-578, 2002.
    • (2002) J Neurosci Res , vol.68 , pp. 568-578
    • Rockenstein, E.1    Mallory, M.2    Hashimoto, M.3    Song, D.4    Shults, C.W.5    Lang, I.6    Masliah, E.7
  • 60
    • 0022444445 scopus 로고
    • Changes in substantia nigra pars reticulata activity following lesions of the substantia nigra pars compacta
    • Sanderson P, Mavoungou R, Albe-Fessard D. Changes in substantia nigra pars reticulata activity following lesions of the substantia nigra pars compacta. Neurosci Lett 67: 25-30, 1986.
    • (1986) Neurosci Lett , vol.67 , pp. 25-30
    • Sanderson, P.1    Mavoungou, R.2    Albe-Fessard, D.3
  • 61
    • 0035829368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral phenotyping of the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease
    • Sedelis M, Schwarting RK, Huston JP. Behavioral phenotyping of the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Behav Brain Res 125: 109-125, 2001.
    • (2001) Behav Brain Res , vol.125 , pp. 109-125
    • Sedelis, M.1    Schwarting, R.K.2    Huston, J.P.3
  • 62
    • 17144364232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine depletion increases the power and coherence of beta-oscillations in the cerebral cortex and subthalamic nucleus of the awake rat
    • Sharott A, Magill PJ, Harnack D, Kupsch A, Meissner W, Brown P. Dopamine depletion increases the power and coherence of beta-oscillations in the cerebral cortex and subthalamic nucleus of the awake rat. Eur J Neurosci 21: 1413-1422, 2005.
    • (2005) Eur J Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 1413-1422
    • Sharott, A.1    Magill, P.J.2    Harnack, D.3    Kupsch, A.4    Meissner, W.5    Brown, P.6
  • 63
    • 16844367588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prefrontal phase locking to hippocampal theta oscillations
    • Siapas AG, Lubenov EV, Wilson MA. Prefrontal phase locking to hippocampal theta oscillations. Neuron 46: 141-151, 2005.
    • (2005) Neuron , vol.46 , pp. 141-151
    • Siapas, A.G.1    Lubenov, E.V.2    Wilson, M.A.3
  • 66
    • 0027504631 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic and noradrenergic modulation of the slow (approximately 0.3 Hz) oscillation in neocortical cells
    • Steriade M, Amzica F, Nunez A. Cholinergic and noradrenergic modulation of the slow (approximately 0.3 Hz) oscillation in neocortical cells. J Neurophysiol 70: 1385-1400, 1993a.
    • (1993) J Neurophysiol , vol.70 , pp. 1385-1400
    • Steriade, M.1    Amzica, F.2    Nunez, A.3
  • 67
    • 0027328657 scopus 로고
    • A novel slow (1 Hz) oscillation of neocortical neurons in vivo: Depolarizing and hyperpolarizing components
    • Steriade M, Nunez A, Amzica F. A novel slow (1 Hz) oscillation of neocortical neurons in vivo: depolarizing and hyperpolarizing components. J Neurosci 13: 3252-3265, 1993b.
    • (1993) J Neurosci , vol.13 , pp. 3252-3265
    • Steriade, M.1    Nunez, A.2    Amzica, F.3
  • 68
    • 77953373923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clues to how alpha-synuclein damages neurons in Parkinson's disease
    • Sulzer D. Clues to how alpha-synuclein damages neurons in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 25, Suppl 1: S27-S31, 2010.
    • (2010) Mov Disord , vol.25 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Sulzer, D.1
  • 69
    • 0036447089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of behavioral impairments correlated to neurochemical deficits in mice treated with moderate doses of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
    • Tillerson JL, Caudle WM, Reveron ME, Miller GW. Detection of behavioral impairments correlated to neurochemical deficits in mice treated with moderate doses of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. Exp Neurol 178: 80-90, 2002.
    • (2002) Exp Neurol , vol.178 , pp. 80-90
    • Tillerson, J.L.1    Caudle, W.M.2    Reveron, M.E.3    Miller, G.W.4
  • 70
    • 33744967082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precise long-range synchronization of activity and silence in neocortical neurons during slow-wave oscillations
    • Volgushev M, Chauvette S, Mukovski M, Timofeev I. Precise long-range synchronization of activity and silence in neocortical neurons during slow-wave oscillations. J Neurosci 26: 5665-5672, 2006.
    • (2006) J Neurosci , vol.26 , pp. 5665-5672
    • Volgushev, M.1    Chauvette, S.2    Mukovski, M.3    Timofeev, I.4
  • 71
    • 33845264127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase relationships support a role for coordinated activity in the indirect pathway in organizing slow oscillations in basal ganglia output after loss of dopamine
    • Walters JR, Hu D, Itoga CA, Parr-Brownlie LC, Bergstrom DA. Phase relationships support a role for coordinated activity in the indirect pathway in organizing slow oscillations in basal ganglia output after loss of dopamine. Neuroscience 144: 762-776, 2007.
    • (2007) Neuroscience , vol.144 , pp. 762-776
    • Walters, J.R.1    Hu, D.2    Itoga, C.A.3    Parr-Brownlie, L.C.4    Bergstrom, D.A.5
  • 72
    • 81255161750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathological basal ganglia activity in movement disorders
    • Wichmann T, Dostrovsky JO. Pathological basal ganglia activity in movement disorders. Neuroscience 198: 232-244, 2011.
    • (2011) Neuroscience , vol.198 , pp. 232-244
    • Wichmann, T.1    Dostrovsky, J.O.2
  • 73
    • 77952327983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-synuclein overexpression in mice alters synaptic communication in the corticostriatal pathway
    • Wu N, Joshi PR, Cepeda C, Masliah E, Levine MS. Alpha-synuclein overexpression in mice alters synaptic communication in the corticostriatal pathway. J Neurosci Res 88: 1764-1776, 2010.
    • (2010) J Neurosci Res , vol.88 , pp. 1764-1776
    • Wu, N.1    Joshi, P.R.2    Cepeda, C.3    Masliah, E.4    Levine, M.S.5
  • 74
    • 0004232308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall
    • Zar JH. Biostatistical Analysis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1999.
    • (1999) Biostatistical Analysis
    • Zar, J.H.1
  • 76
    • 34147197204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nigrostriatal lesion induces D2-modulated phase-locked activity in the basal ganglia of rats
    • Zold CL, Ballion B, Riquelme LA, Gonon F, Murer MG. Nigrostriatal lesion induces D2-modulated phase-locked activity in the basal ganglia of rats. Eur J Neurosci 25: 2131-2144, 2007.
    • (2007) Eur J Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 2131-2144
    • Zold, C.L.1    Ballion, B.2    Riquelme, L.A.3    Gonon, F.4    Murer, M.G.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.