Aortic valve calcification in chronic kidney disease

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation

Volumn 28, Issue 12, 2013, Pages 2968-2976

  Rattazzi, Marcello ^a   Bertacco, Elisa ^a   Del Vecchio, Antonio ^b   Puato, Massimo ^a   Faggin, Elisabetta ^a   Pauletto, Paolo ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA   (Italy)

^b Monselice Hospital   (Italy)

Author keywords

Aortic stenosis; Fetuin A; Matrix GLA protein; Phosphate; Vascular calcification

Indexed keywords

ALBUMIN; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; FETUIN A; FIBRINOGEN; FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 23; KLOTHO PROTEIN; MATRIX GLA PROTEIN; N(G),N(G) DIMETHYLARGININE; OSTEOCALCIN; OSTEOCLAST DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR; PARATHYROID HORMONE; PHOSPHATE; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR OF NUCLEAR FACTOR KAPPA B; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AORTA VALVE DISEASE; AORTA VALVE REPLACEMENT; ARTERY CALCIFICATION; BIOACCUMULATION; CALCIUM BALANCE; CALCIUM METABOLISM; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; CONTINUOUS AMBULATORY PERITONEAL DIALYSIS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; END STAGE RENAL DISEASE; HEMODIALYSIS PATIENT; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA; KIDNEY FUNCTION; NONHUMAN; PHOSPHATE METABOLISM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN INTERACTION; REVIEW; TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION;

AORTIC STENOSIS; FETUIN-A; MATRIX-GLA-PROTEIN; PHOSPHATE; VASCULAR CALCIFICATION;

AORTIC VALVE; AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS; CALCINOSIS; DISEASE PROGRESSION; HUMANS; RENAL INSUFFICIENCY, CHRONIC;

EID: 84890025510     PISSN: 09310509     EISSN: 14602385     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft310     Document Type: Review

References (89)

1. Schiffrin EL, Lipman ML, Mann JF. Chronic kidney disease: effects on the cardiovascular system. Circulation 2007; 116: 85-97
2. Shroff R, Long DA, Shanahan C. Mechanistic insights into vascular calcification in CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol 2013; 24: 179-189
3. Maher ER, Young G, Smyth-Walsh B et al. Aortic and mitral valve calcification in patients with end-stage renal disease. Lancet 1987; 2: 875-877
4. Zentner D, Hunt D, Chan W et al. Prospective evaluation of aortic stenosis in end-stage kidney disease: a more fulminant process? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 26: 1651-1655
5. Straumann E, Meyer B, Misteli M et al. Aortic and mitral valve disease in patients with end stage renal failure on long-term haemodialysis. Br Heart J 1992; 67: 236-239
6. Braun J, Oldendorf M, Moshage W et al. Electron beam computed tomography in the evaluation of cardiac calcification in chronic dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 1996; 27: 394-401
7. Ribeiro S, Ramos A, Brandao A et al. Cardiac valve calcification in haemodialysis patients: role of calcium-phosphate metabolism. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998; 13: 2037-2040
8. Ventura JE, Tavella N, Romero C et al. Aortic valve calcification is an independent factor of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients on maintenance haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002; 17: 1795-1801
9. Raggi P, Boulay A, Chasan-Taber S et al. Cardiac calcification in adult hemodialysis patients. A link between end-stage renal disease and cardiovascular disease? J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 39: 695-701
10. Schonenberger A, Winkelspecht B, Kohler H et al. High prevalence of aortic valve alterations in haemodialysis patients is associated with signs of chronic inflammation. Nephron Clin Pract 2004; 96: c48-c55
11. Varma R, Aronow WS, McClung JA et al. Prevalence of valve calcium and association of valve calcium with coronary artery disease, atherosclerotic vascular disease, and all-cause mortality in 137 patients undergoing hemodialysis for chronic renal failure. Am J Cardiol 2005; 95: 742-743
12. Tarrass F, Benjelloun M, Zamd M et al. Heart valve calcifications in patients with end-stage renal disease: analysis for risk factors. Nephrology (Carlton) 2006; 11: 494-496
13. Holden RM, Sanfilippo AS, Hopman WM et al. Warfarin and aortic valve calcification in hemodialysis patients. J Nephrol 2007; 20: 417-422
14. Ikee R, Honda K, Ishioka K et al. Differences in associated factors between aortic and mitral valve calcification in hemodialysis. Hypertens Res 2010; 33: 622-626
15. Otto CM, Lind BK, Kitzman DW et al. Association of aorticvalve sclerosis with cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in the elderly. N Engl J Med 1999; 341: 142-147
16. Wang AY, Woo J, Wang M et al. Association of inflammation and malnutrition with cardiac valve calcification in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2001; 12: 1927-1936
17. Fox CS, Larson MG, Vasan RS et al. Cross-sectional association of kidney function with valvular and annular calcification: the Framingham heart study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 17: 521-527
18. Ix JH, Shlipak MG, Katz R et al. Kidney function and aortic valve and mitral annular calcification in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Am J Kidney Dis 2007; 50: 412-420
19. Urena P, Malergue MC, Goldfarb B et al. Evolutive aortic stenosis in hemodialysis patients: analysis of risk factors. Nephrologie 1999; 20: 217-225
20. Perkovic V, Hunt D, Griffin SV et al. Accelerated progression of calcific aortic stenosis in dialysis patients. Nephron Clin Pract 2003; 94: c40-c45
21. Kume T, Kawamoto T, Akasaka T et al. Rate of progression of valvular aortic stenosis in patients undergoing dialysis. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2006; 19: 914-918
22. Dweck MR, Boon NA, Newby DE. Calcific aortic stenosis: a disease of the valve and the myocardium. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 60: 1854-1863
23. Turkmen F, Emre A, Ozdemir A et al. Relationship between aortic valve sclerosis and left ventricular hypertrophy in chronic haemodialysis patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2008; 40: 497-502
24. Zoccali C, Benedetto FA, Mallamaci F et al. Prognostic impact of the indexation of left ventricular mass in patients undergoing dialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2001; 12: 2768-2774
25. Bellasi A, Ferramosca E, Ratti C et al. Cardiac valve calcification is a marker of vascular disease in prevalent hemodialysis patients. J Nephrol 2012; 25: 211-218
26. Atar I, Konas D, Acikel S et al. Frequency of atrial fibrillation and factors related to its development in dialysis patients. Int J Cardiol 2006; 106: 47-51
27. Genovesi S, Pogliani D, Faini A et al. Prevalence of atrial fibrillation and associated factors in a population of long-term hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2005; 46: 897-902
28. Ishii H, Kumada Y, Toriyama T et al. Aortic valvular calcification predicts restenosis after implantation of drug-eluting stents in patients on chronic haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009; 24: 1562-1567
29. Wang AY, Wang M, Woo J et al. Cardiac valve calcification as an important predictor for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in long-term peritoneal dialysis patients: a prospective study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14: 159-168
30. Panuccio V, Tripepi R, Tripepi G et al. Heart valve calcifications, survival, and cardiovascular risk in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2004; 43: 479-484
31. Raggi P, Bellasi A, Gamboa C et al. All-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients with heart valve calcification. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2011; 6: 1990-1995
32. Takahashi H, Ishii H, Aoyama T et al. Association of cardiac valvular calcifications and C-reactive protein with cardiovascular mortality in incident hemodialysis patients: a Japanese cohort study. Am J Kidney Dis 2013; 61: 254-261
33. Demer LL, Tintut Y. Vascular calcification: pathobiology of a multifaceted disease. Circulation 2008; 117: 2938-2948
34. Otto CM, Kuusisto J, Reichenbach DD et al. Characterization of the early lesion of 'degenerative' valvular aortic stenosis. Histological and immunohistochemical studies. Circulation 1994; 90: 844-853
35. Aikawa E, Nahrendorf M, Sosnovik D et al. Multimodality molecular imaging identifies proteolytic and osteogenic activities in early aortic valve disease. Circulation 2007; 115: 377-386
36. Mohler ER, III, Gannon F, Reynolds C et al. Bone formation and inflammation in cardiac valves. Circulation 2001; 103: 1522-1528
37. Kajbaf S, Veinot JP, Ha A et al. Comparison of surgically removed cardiac valves of patients with ESRD with those of the general population. Am J Kidney Dis 2005; 46: 86-93
38. Shuvy M, Abedat S, Beeri R et al. Uraemic hyperparathyroidism causes a reversible inflammatory process of aortic valve calcification in rats. Cardiovasc Res 2008; 79: 492-499
39. Aikawa E, Aikawa M, Libby P et al. Arterial and aortic valve calcification abolished by elastolytic cathepsin S deficiency in chronic renal disease. Circulation 2009; 119: 1785-1794
40. Lau WL, Pai A, Moe SM et al. Direct effects of phosphate on vascular cell function. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2011; 18: 105-112
41. Rattazzi M, Iop L, Faggin E et al. Clones of interstitial cells from bovine aortic valve exhibit different calcifying potential when exposed to endotoxin and phosphate. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008; 28: 2165-2172
42. El Husseini D, Boulanger MC, Fournier D et al. High expression of the Pi-transporter SLC20A1/Pit1 in calcific aortic valve disease promotes mineralization through regulation of Akt-1. PLoS One 2013; 8: e53393
43. Schurgers LJ, Cranenburg EC, Vermeer C. Matrix Gla-protein: the calcification inhibitor in need of vitamin K. Thromb Haemost 2008; 100: 593-603
44. Shroff RC, McNair R, Figg N et al. Dialysis accelerates medial vascular calcification in part by triggering smooth muscle cell apoptosis. Circulation 2008; 118: 1748-1757
45. Shea MK, Holden RM. Vitamin K status and vascular calcification: evidence from observational and clinical studies. Adv Nutr 2012; 3: 158-165
46. Lerner RG, Aronow WS, Sekhri A et al.Warfarin use and the risk of valvular calcification. J Thromb Haemost 2009; 7: 2023-2027
47. Zoppellaro G, Faggin E, Puato M et al. Fibroblast growth factor 23 and the bone-vascular axis: lessons learned from animal studies. Am J Kidney Dis 2012; 59: 135-144
48. Gutierrez OM, Mannstadt M, Isakova T et al. Fibroblast growth factor 23 and mortality among patients undergoing hemodialysis. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 584-592
49. Jean G, Bresson E, Terrat JC et al. Peripheral vascular calcification in long-haemodialysis patients: associated factors and survival consequences. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009; 24: 948-955
50. Kitagawa M, Sugiyama H, Morinaga H et al. A decreased level of serum soluble Klotho is an independent biomarker associated with arterial stiffness in patients with chronic kidney disease. PLoS One 2013; 8: e56695
51. Kirkpantur A, Balci M, Gurbuz OA et al. Serum fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) levels are independently associated with left ventricular mass and myocardial performance index in maintenance haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 26: 1346-1354
52. Unsal A, Kose Budak S, Koc Y et al. Relationship of fibroblast growth factor 23 with left ventricle mass index and coronary calcificaton in chronic renal disease. Kidney Blood Press Res 2012; 36: 55-64
53. Scialla JJ, Lau WL, Reilly MP et al. Fibroblast growth factor 23 is not associated with and does not induce arterial calcification. Kidney Int 2013; 83: 1159-1168
54. Lindberg K, Olauson H, Amin R et al. Arterial Klotho Expression and FGF23 Effects on Vascular Calcification and Function. PLoS One 2013; 8: e60658
55. Lim K, Lu TS, Molostvov G et al. Vascular Klotho deficiency potentiates the development of human artery calcification and mediates resistance to fibroblast growth factor. Circulation 2012; 125: 2243-2255
56. Hu MC, Shi M, Zhang J et al. Klotho deficiency causes vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011; 22: 124-136
57. Brylka L, Jahnen-Dechent W. The Role of Fetuin-A in Physiological and Pathological Mineralization. Calcif Tissue Int 2013 [Epub ahead of print]
58. Ketteler M, Bongartz P, Westenfeld R et al. Association of low fetuin-A (AHSG) concentrations in serum with cardiovascular mortality in patients on dialysis: a cross-sectional study. Lancet 2003; 361: 827-833
59. Wang AY, Woo J, Lam CW et al. Associations of serum fetuin-A with malnutrition, inflammation, atherosclerosis and valvular calcification syndrome and outcome in peritoneal dialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2005; 20: 1676-1685
60. Ix JH, Chertow GM, Shlipak MG et al. Association of fetuin-A with mitral annular calcification and aortic stenosis among persons with coronary heart disease: data from the Heart and Soul Study. Circulation 2007; 115: 2533-2539
61. Koos R, Brandenburg V, Mahnken AH et al. Association of fetuin-A levels with the progression of aortic valve calcification in non-dialyzed patients. Eur Heart J 2009; 30: 2054-2061
62. Hamano T, Matsui I, Mikami S et al. Fetuin-mineral complex reflects extraosseous calcification stress in CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol 2010; 21: 1998-2007
63. Miller JD, Chu Y, Brooks RM et al. Dysregulation of antioxidant mechanisms contributes to increased oxidative stress in calcific aortic valvular stenosis in humans. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 52: 843-850
64. Boger RH. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA): a novel risk marker in cardiovascular medicine and beyond. Ann Med 2006; 38: 126-136
65. Rattazzi M, Puato M, Faggin E et al. New markers of accelerated atherosclerosis in end-stage renal disease. J Nephrol 2003; 16: 11-20
66. Bertacco E, Millioni R, Arrigoni G et al. Proteomic analysis of clonal interstitial aortic valve cells acquiring a pro-calcific profile. J Proteome Res 2010; 9: 5913-5921
67. Ngo DT, Heresztyn T, Mishra K et al. Aortic stenosis is associated with elevated plasma levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). Nitric Oxide 2007; 16: 197-201
68. Cagirci G, Cay S, Canga A et al. Association between plasma asymmetrical dimethylarginine activity and severity of aortic valve stenosis. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2011; 12: 96-101
69. Ferrari G, Sainger R, Beckmann E et al. Validation of plasma biomarkers in degenerative calcific aortic stenosis. J Surg Res 2010; 163: 12-17
70. Hofbauer LC, Kuhne CA, Viereck V. The OPG/RANKL/RANK system in metabolic bone diseases. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 2004; 4: 268-275
71. Bennett BJ, Scatena M, Kirk EA et al. Osteoprotegerin inactivation accelerates advanced atherosclerotic lesion progression and calcification in older ApoE-/-mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2006; 26: 2117-2124
72. Kaden JJ, Bickelhaupt S, Grobholz R et al. Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand and osteoprotegerin regulate aortic valve calcification. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2004; 36: 57-66
73. Preusch MR, Rattazzi M, Albrecht C et al. Critical role of macrophages in glucocorticoid driven vascular calcification in a mousemodel of atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008; 28: 2158-2164
74. Sigrist MK, Levin A, Er L et al. Elevated osteoprotegerin is associated with all-cause mortality in CKD stage 4 and 5 patients in addition to vascular calcification. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009; 24: 3157-3162
75. Wittersheim E, Mesquita M, Demulder A et al. OPG, RANK-L, bone metabolism, and BMD in patients on peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis. Clin Biochem 2006; 39: 617-622
76. Albalate M, de la Piedra C, Fernandez C et al. Association between phosphate removal and markers of bone turnover in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2006; 21: 1626-1632
77. Rossebo AB, Pedersen TR, Boman K et al. Intensive lipid lowering with simvastatin and ezetimibe in aortic stenosis. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 1343-1356
78. Ngo DT, Stafford I, Sverdlov AL et al. Ramipril retards development of aortic valve stenosis in a rabbit model: mechanistic considerations. Br J Pharmacol 2011; 162: 722-732
79. O'Brien KD, Probstfield JL, Caulfield MT et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and change in aortic valve calcium. Arch Intern Med 2005; 165: 858-862
80. Rosenhek R, Rader F, Loho N et al. Statins but not angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors delay progression of aortic stenosis. Circulation 2004; 110: 1291-1295
81. Nadir MA, Wei L, Elder DH et al. Impact of renin-angiotensin system blockade therapy on outcome in aortic stenosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58: 570-576
82. Aksoy O, Cam A, Goel SS et al. Do bisphosphonates slow the progression of aortic stenosis? J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 59: 1452-1459
83. Raggi P, Bommer J, Chertow GM. Valvular calcification in hemodialysis patients randomized to calcium-based phosphorus binders or sevelamer. J Heart Valve Dis 2004; 13: 134-141
84. Raggi P, Chertow GM, Torres PU et al. The ADVANCE study: a randomized study to evaluate the effects of cinacalcet plus lowdose vitamin D on vascular calcification in patients on hemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 26: 1327-1339
85. Helas S, Goettsch C, Schoppet M et al. Inhibition of receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand by denosumab attenuates vascular calcium deposition in mice. Am J Pathol 2009; 175: 473-478
86. Vahanian A, Alfieri O, Andreotti F et al. Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease (version 2012). Eur Heart J 2012; 33: 2451-2496
87. Rau S, Wessely M, Lange P et al. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in dialysis patients. Nephron Clin Pract 2012; 120: c86-c90
88. Chan V, Chen L, Mesana L et al. Heart valve prosthesis selection in patients with end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart 2011; 97: 2033-2037
89. Tanaka K, Tajima K, Takami Y et al. Early and late outcomes of aortic valve replacement in dialysis patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2010; 89: 65-70