The Devlopment of Prejudice in Childhood and Adolescence

On the Nature of Prejudice: Fifty Years after Allport

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 310-326

  Aboud, Frances E ^a  

^a MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Adolescence; Childhood; Cognitive beliefs; Minoity children; Prejudice

Indexed keywords

EID: 84889397943     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470773963.ch19     Document Type: Chapter

References (45)

1. Aboud, F. E. (1981). Egocentrism, conformity, and agreeing to disagree. Developmental Psychology, 17, 791-799.
2. Aboud, F. E. (1988). Children and prejudice. New York: Blackwell.
3. Aboud, F. E. (2002). Changing racial attitudes of young children with antibias messages. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues, Toronto, June.
4. Aboud, F. E. (2003). The formation of in-group preference and out-group prejudice in young children: Are they distinct attitudes? Developmental Psychology, 39, 48-60.
5. Aboud, F. E. & Amato, M. (2001). Developmental and socialization influences on intergroup bias. In R. Brown & S. L. Gaertner (eds.), The Blackwell handbook of social psychology: Intergroup processes. (pp. 65-85). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
6. Aboud F. E. & Fenwick, V. (1999). Exploring and evaluating school-based interventions to reduce prejudice in preadolescents. Journal of Social Issues, 55, 767-85.
7. Aboud, F. E., Mendelson, M. J., & Purdy, K. T. (2003). Cross-race peer relations and friendship quality. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 27, 165-73.
8. Abrams, D., Rutland, A., Cameron, L., & Marques, J. M. (2003). The development of subjective group dynamics: When in-group bias gets specific. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 21, 155-76.
9. Adorno, T. W., Frenkel-Brunswik, E., Levinson, D. J., & Sanford, R. N. (1950). The authoritarian personality. New York: Harper.
10. Allport, G. W. (1954/1979). The nature of prejudice. Cambridge, MA: Perseus Books.
11. Asher, S. R. & Allen, V. L. (1966). Racial preference and social comparison processes. Journal of Social Issues, 25, 157-67.
12. Bigler, R. S., Brown, C. S., & Markell, M. (2001). When groups are not created equal: Effects of group status on the formation of intergroup attitudes in children. Child Development, 72, 1151-62.
13. Bourhis, R. & Gagnon, A. (2001). Social orientations in the minimal group paradigm. In R. Brown & S. L. Gaertner (eds.), The Blackwell handbook of social psychology: Intergroup processes. (pp. 89-111). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
14. Brand, E. S., Ruiz, R. A., & Padilla, A. M. (1974). Ethnic identification and preference: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 81, 860-90.
15. Brown, C. S. & Bigler, R. S. (2002). Effects of minority status in the classroom on children's intergroup attitudes. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 83, 77-110.
16. Brown R. (1995). Prejudice: Its social psychology. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
17. Clark, K. B. (1955). Prejudice and your child. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
18. Cole, C., Arafat, C., Tidhar, C., Tafesh, W., Fox, N., Killen, M., Ardila-Rey, A., Leavitt, L., Lesser, G., Richman, B., & Yung, F. (2003). The educational impact of Rechov Sumsmn/Shara's Simsim: A Sesame Street television series to promote respect and understanding among children living in Israel, the West Bank, and Gaza. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 27, 409-29.
19. Cook, S. W. (1985). Experimenting on social issues. American Psychologist, 40, 452-60.
20. Costanzo, P. R. & Shaw, M. E. (1966). Conformity as a function of age level. Child Development, 37, 967-75.
21. Doyle, A. B. & Aboud, F. E. (1995). A longitudinal study of White children's racial prejudice as a social-cognitive development. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 41, 209-28.
22. Gavin, L. A. & Furman, W. (1989). Age differences in adolescent's perceptions of their peer groups. Developmental Psychology, 25, 827-34.
23. Graves, S. B. (1996). Diversity on television. In T. MacBeth (ed.), Tuning in to young viewers. (pp. 61-86). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
24. Hewstone, M. (2002). Intergroup contact to improve intergroup relations: How and when it works. Presentation at the annual meeting of the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues, Toronto, June.
25. Holmes, R. M. (1995). How young children perceive race. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
26. Johnston, K. E. & Jacobs, J. E. (2003). Children's illusory correlations: The role of attentional bias in group impression formation. Journal of Cognition & Development, 4, 129-60.
27. Katz, P. A. (1976). The acquisition of racial attitudes in children. In P. A. Katz (ed.), Toward the elimination of racism. (pp. 125-54). New York: Pergamon Press.
28. Killen, M., Lee-Kim, J., McGlothlin, H., & Stangor, C. (2002). How children and adolescents evaluate gender and racial exclusion. Monographs for the Society for Research in Child Development (serial no. 271, vol. 67, no. 4). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.
29. Killen, M., Pisacane, K., Lee-Kim, J., & Ardila-Rey, A. (2001). Fairness or stereotypes?: Young children's priorities when evaluating group exclusion and inclusion. Developmental Psychology, 37, 587-96.
30. Levy, S. R. & Dweck, C. (1999). The impact of children's static versus dynamic conceptions of people on stereotype formation. Child Development, 70, 1163-80.
31. Levy, S. R., Plaks, J. E., Hong, Y., Chiu, C., & Dweck, C. S. (2001). Static versus dynamic theories and the perception of groups: Different routes to different destinations. Personality & Social Psychology Review, 5, 156-68.
32. Mackie, D. M. & Wright, C. L. (2001). Social influence in an intergroup context. In R. Brown & S. L. Gaertner (eds.), The Blackwell handbook of social psychology: Intergroup processes. (pp. 281-300). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
33. Persson, A. & Musher-Eizenman, D. R. (2003). The impact of a prejudice prevention television program on young children's racial attitudes and knowledge. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 18, 530-46.
34. Pettigrew, T. F. (1998). Intergroup contact theory. Annual Review of Psychology, 49, 65-85.
35. Phinney, J. S. (1990). Ethnic identity in adolescents and adults: Review of research. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 499-514.
36. Piaget, J. & Weil, A. M. (1951). The development in children of the idea of the homeland and of relations to other countries. International Social Science Journal, 3, 561-78.
37. Prentice, D. A. & Miller, D. T. (1993). Pluralistic ignorance and alcohol use on campus: Some consequences of misperceiving the social norm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 243-56.
38. Quintana, S. M. (1999). Role of perspective-taking abilities and ethnic socialization in development of adolescent ethnic identity. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 19, 161-84.
39. Schofield, J. W. & Eurich-Fulcer, R. (2001). When and how school desegregation improves intergroup relations. In R. Brown & S. L. Gaertner (eds.), The Blackwell handbook of social psychology: Intergroup processes. (pp. 475-94). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
40. Sherif, M. (1966). Group conflict and cooperation. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
41. Skowronski, J. J. & Lawrence, M. A. (2001). A comparative study of the implicit and explicit gender attitudes of children and college students. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 25, 155-65.
42. Steele, C. M. (1997). A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance. American Psychologist, 52, 613-29.
43. Stephan, W. G. & Stephan, C. W. (2000). An integrated threat theory of prejudice. In S. Oskamp (ed.), Reducing prejudice and discrimination. (pp. 23-45). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
44. Tajfel, H. (1970). Experiments in intergroup discrimination. Scientific American, 223, 96-102.
45. Tajfel, H. (1978). Social categorization, social identity, and social comparison. In H. Tajfel (ed.), Differentiation between social groups. (pp. 61-98). New York: Academic Press.