Metamaterials with Negative Parameters: Theory, Design, and Microwave Applications

Metamaterials with Negative Parameters: Theory, Design, and Microwave Applications

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 1-315

  Marqués, Ricardo ^a   Martín, Ferran ^a   Sorolla, Mario ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84889275597     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470191736     Document Type: Book

References (339)

1. J. D. Jackson Classical Electrodynamics. Wiley, New York, 1999 (3rd ed.).
2. L. D. Landau, E. M. Lifshitz, and L. P. Pitaevskii Electrodynamics of Continuous Media. Pergamon, New York, 1984.
3. H. Raether Excitation of Plasmons and Interband Transitions by Electrons. Springer, Berlin, 1980.
4. M. S. Sodha and N. C. Shrivastava Microwave Propagation in Ferrimagnetics. Plenum Press, New York, 1981.
5. A. G. Gurevich and G. A. Melkov Magnetization Oscillations and Waves. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1996.
6. V. G. Veselago "The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of 1 and m." Sov. Phys. Usp., vol. 47, pp. 509-514, 1968.
7. D. R. Smith, W. J. Padilla, D. C. Vier, S. C. Nemat-Nasser, and S. Schultz "Composite medium with simultaneously negative permeability and permittivity." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 84, pp. 4184-4187, 2000.
8. V. G. Veselago "Formulating Fermat's principle for light travelling in negative refraction materials." Physics-Uspekhi, vol. 45, pp. 1097-1099, 2002.
9. I. V. Lindell, S. A. Tretyakov, K. I. Nikoskinen, and S. Ilvonen "BW-media with negative parameters, capable of supporting backward waves." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 31, pp. 129-133, 2001.
10. R. W. Ziolkowski and E. Heynman "Wave propagation in media having negative permeability and permittivity." Phys. Rev. E, vol. 64, paper 056625, 2001.
11. A. Sihvola "Electromagnetic emergence in metamaterials." In Advances in Electromagnetics of Complex Media and Metamaterials, S. Zouhdi, A. Sihvola, M. Arsalane Eds., NATO Science Series: II: Mathematics, Physics, and Chemistry, vol. 89, pp. 1-17, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 2003.
12. S. Ramo, J. R. Whinnery, and T. Van-Duzer Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics. John Wiley, New York, 1965.
13. M. Mrozowski Guided Electromagnetic Waves. Properties and Analysis. Research Studies Press (Taunton, UK) and John Wiley (New York), 1997.
14. R. F. Harrington Time-harmonic Electromagnetic Fields. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1961.
15. P. M. Valanju, R. M. Walser, and A. P. Valanju "Wave refraction in negative-index media: Always positive and very inhomogeneous." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 88, paper 187401, 2002.
16. D. R. Smith, D. Schurig, and J. B. Pendry "Negative refraction of modulated electromagnetic waves." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 81, pp. 2713-2715, 2002.
17. S. Foteinopoulou, E. N. Economou, and C. M. Soukoulis "Refraction in media with a negative refractive index." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 90, paper 107402, 2003.
18. R. A. Shelby, D. R. Smith, and S. Schultz "Experimental verification of a negative index of refraction." Science, vol. 292, pp. 77-79, 2001.
19. C. G. Parazzoli, R. B. McGregor, K. Li, B. E. C. Kontenbah, and M. Tlienian "Experimental verification and simulation of negative index of refraction using Snell's law." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 90, paper 107401, 2003.
20. K. Li, S. J. McLean, R. B. Gregor, C. G. Parazzoli, and M. H. Tanielian "Free-space focused-beam characterization of left-handed materials." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 82, pp. 2535-2537, 2003.
21. A. A. Houck, J. B. Brock, and I. L. Chuang "Experimental observations of a left-handed material that obeys Snell's law." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 90, paper 137401, 2003.
22. D. Felbacq and A. Moreau, "Direct evidence of negative refraction at media with negative 1 and m." J. Opt. A: Pure and Appl. Opt., vol. 5, pp. L9-L11, 2003.
23. C. Luo, S. G. Johnson, and J. B. Pendry "All-angle negative refraction without negative effective index." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 65, 201104(R), 2002.
24. T. Gregorczyk, M. Nikku, X. Chen, B.-I. Wu, and J. A. Kong "Refraction laws for anisotropic media and their application to left-handed metamaterials." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 53, pp. 1443-1450, 2005.
25. M. Notomi "Theory of light propagation in strongly modulated photonic crystals: Refractionlike behavior in the vicinity of the photonic band gap." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 62, pp. 10696-10705, 2000.
26. J. B. Pendry "Negative refraction makes perfect lens." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 85, pp. 3966-3969, 2000.
27. J. Lu, T. M. Gregorczyc, Y. Zhang, J. Pacheco, B. Wu, J. A. Kong, and M. Chen "Cerenkov radiation in materials with negative permittivity and permeability." Opt. Express, vol. 11, pp. 723-734, 2003.
28. K. Artmann "Berechnung der Seitenversetzung des totatreflektierten strahles." Ann. Phys. Lpz., vol. 2, pp. 87-102, 1948.
29. J. A. Kong, B. I. Wu, and Y. Zhang "Lateral displacement of a Gaussian beam reflected from a grounded slab with negative permittivity and permeability." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 80 pp. 2084-2086, 2002.
30. P. R. Bermann "Goos-Hänchen shift in negative refractive media." Phys. Rev. E, vol. 66, paper 067603, 2002.
31. R.W. Ziolkowski "Pulsed and CW Gaussian beam interactions with double negative metamaterial slabs." Opt. Express, vol. 11, pp. 662-681, 2003.
32. A. Lakhtakia "On planewave remittances and Goos-Hänchen shifts of planar slabs with negative real permittivity and permeability." Electromagnetics, vol. 23, pp. 71-75, 2002.
33. I. V. Shadrivov, A. A. Zharov, and Y. S. Kivshar "Giant Goos-Hänchen effect at the refraction from left-handed metamaterials." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 83, pp. 2713-2715, 2003.
34. R. E. Collin Field Theory of Guided Waves. IEEE Press, New York, 1990 (2nd. ed.).
35. R. Ruppin "Surface polaritons of a left-handed medium." Phys. Lett. A, vol. 277, pp. 61-64, 2000.
36. S. A. Darmanyan, M. Neviere, and A. A. Zakhidov "Surface modes at the interface of conventional and left-handed media." Opt. Commun., vol. 225, pp. 233-240, 2003.
37. R. Ruppin "Surface polaritons of a left-handed material slab." J. Phys.: Cond. Matter, vol. 13, pp. 1811-1818, 2001.
38. A. Alu and N. Engheta "Guided modes in a waveguide filled with a pair of single negative (SNG), double negative (DNG), and/or double positive (DPS) layers." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 52, pp. 199-210, 2004.
39. H. Coryand A. Burger "Surface-wave propagation along a metamaterial slab." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 38, pp. 392-395, 2003.
40. B.-I. Wu, T. M. Gregorczyk, Y. Zhang, and J. A. Kong "Guided modes with imaginary transverse wave-number in a slab waveguide with 41. I. W. Shadrivov, A. A. Sukhorukov, and Y. S. Kivshar "Guided waves in negative refractive index waveguides." Phys. Rev. E, vol. 67, paper 057602, 2003.
41. I. S. Nefedov and S. A. Tretyakov "Waveguide containing a backward-wave slab." Radio Sci., vol. 38, pp. 1101-1109, 2003.
42. P. Baccarelli, P. Burghignoli, F. Frezza, A. Galli, P. Lampariello, G. Lovat, and S. Paulotto "Fundamental modal properties of surface waves on metamaterial grounded slabs." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 53, pp. 1431-1442, 2005.
43. R. Ruppin "Extinction properties of a sphere with negative permittivity and permeability." Solid State Commun., vol. 116, pp. 411-415, 2000.
44. V. Kuzmiak and A. A. Maradudin "Scattering properties of a cylinder fabricated from a left-handed material." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 66, paper 045116, 2002.
45. R. Ruppin "Surface polaritons and extinction properties of a left-handed material cylinder." J. Phys.: Cond. Matter, vol. 16, pp. 5991-5998, 2004.
46. N. Engheta and R. W. Ziolkowski "A positive future for double-negative metamaterials." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 53, pp. 1535-1556, 2005.
47. P. Bacarelli, P. Burghignoli, F. Frezza, A. Galli, P. Lampariello, G. Lovat, and S. Paulotto "Effects of leaky-wave propagation in metamaterial grounded slabs excited by a dipole source." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 53, pp. 32-44, 2005.
48. T. Tamir and A. A. Oliner "Guided complex waves. Part I: Fileds at an interface. Part II: Relation to radiation patterns." Proc. Inst. Elec. Eng., vol. 110, pp. 310-334, 1963.
49. A. Grbic and G. Eleftheriades "Experimental verification of backward-wave radiation from a negative refractive index metamaterial." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 92, pp. 5930-5935, 2002.
50. D. R. Fedkin and A. Ron "Effective left-handed (negative index) composite material." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 81, pp. 1753-1755, 2002.
51. A. Alu and N. Engheta "Pairing an epsilon-negative slab with a mu-negative slab: resonance, tunneling and transparency." IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 51, pp. 2558-2571, 2003.
52. D. R. Smith and D. Schurig "Electromagnetic wave propagation in media with indefinite permittivity and permeability tensors." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 90, paper 077405, 2003.
53. S. Maslowski, S. Tretyakov, and P. Alitalo "Near-field enhancement and imaging in double planar polariton-resonant structures." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 96, pp. 1293-1300, 2004.
54. J. B. Pendry and S. A. Ramakrishna "Focusing light using negative refraction." J. Phys.: Cond. Matter, vol. 15, pp. 6345-6364, 2003.
55. J. D. Baena, L. Jelinek, R. Marqués, and F. Medina "Near-perfect tunneling and amplification of evanescent electromagnetic waves in a waveguide filled by a metamaterial: Theory and experiments." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 72, paper 075116, 2005.
56. Z. M. Zhang and C. J. Fu "Unusual photon tunneling in the presence of a layer with a negative refractive index." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 80, pp. 1097-1099, 2002.
57. N. Garcia and M. Nieto-Vesperinas "Left-handed materials do not make perfect lens." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 88, paper 207403, 2002.
58. D. R. Smith, D. Schurig, M. Rosenbluth, and S. Schultz "Limitations on subdiffraction imaging with a negative refractive index slab." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 82, pp. 1506-1508, 2003.
59. R. Merlin "Analytical solution of the almost-perfect-lens problem." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 84, pp. 1290-1292, 2004.
60. R. Marques and J. Baena "Effect of losses and dispersion on the focusing properties of left-handed media." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 41, pp. 290-294, 2004.
61. G. Tayeb and S. Enoch "Perfect lenses made with left-handed materials: Alices mirror?" J. Opt. Soc. Am., vol. 21, pp. 1417-1423, 2004.
62. F. Mesa, R. Marques, M. Freire, and J. D. Baena "Three dimensional super-resolution in metamaterial slab lenses." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 72, paper 235117, 2005.
63. A. Grbic and G. Eleftheriades "Overcoming diffraction limit with a planar left-handed transmission line lens." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 92, paper 117403, 2004.
64. J. M. Williams "Some problems with negative refraction." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 87, paper 249703, 2001.
65. V. G. Veselago "Some remarks regarding electrodynamics of materials with negative refraction." Appl. Phys. B, vol. 81, pp. 403-407, 2005.
66. S. A. Ramakrishna, J. B. Pendry, D. R. Smith, D. Schurig, and S. Schultz "The asymmetric lossy near-perfect lens." J. Mod. Opt., vol. 49, pp. 1747-1762, 2002.
67. J. T. Shen and P. M. Platzman "Near field imaging with negative dielectric constant lenses." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 80, pp. 3286-3288, 2002.
68. N. Fang and X. Zhang "Imaging properties of a metamaterial superlens." Appl. Phys. Lett., pp. 161-163, 2003.
69. N. Fang, H. Lee, C. Sun, and X. Zhang "Sub-diffraction-limited optical imaging with a silver superlens." Science, vol. 308, pp. 534-537, 2005.
70. R. J. Blaikie and D. O. S. Melville "Imaging through planar silver lenses in the optical near field." J. Opt. A, vol. 7, pp. S176-S183, 2005.
71. R. Marques, F. Mesa, and F. Medina "Near-field enhanced imaging by a metamaterial magnetized ferrite slab." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 86, paper 023505, 2005.
72. M. J. Freire and R. Marques "Planar magnetoinductive lens for three dimensional subwavelength imaging." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 86, paper 183505, 2005.
73. V. Veselago "Superlens as a matching device." http://xxx.lanl.gov/ftp/cond-mat/ papers/0501/0501438.pdf 75. D. M. Pozar Microwave Engineering Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1993.
74. M. Nieto-Vesperinas "Problem of image superresolution with a negative-refractive-index slab." J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, vol. 21, pp. 491-498, 2004.
75. E. Shamonina, V. A. Kalinin, K. H. Ringhofer, and L. Solymar "Imaging, compression and Poynting vector streamlines with negative permittivity materials." Electron. Lett., vol. 37, pp. 1243-1244, 2001.
76. S. A. Ramakrishna, J. B. Pendry, M. C. K. Wiltshire, and W. J. Stewart "Imaging the near field." J. Mod. Opt., vol. 50, pp. 1419-1430, 2003.
77. S. Hrabar, J. Bartolic, and Z. Sipus "Waveguide miniaturization using uniaxial negative permeability metamaterial." IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 53, pp. 110-119, 2005.
78. J. Esteban, C. Camacho-Peñalosa, J. E. Page, T. M. Martin-Guerrero, and E. Marquez-Segura "Simulation of negative permittivity and negative permeability by means of evanescent waveguide modes-theory and experiment." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 53, pp. 1506-1514, 2005.
79. W. Rotman "Plasma simulation by artificial dielectrics and parallel-plate media." IRE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 10, pp. 82-95, 1962.
80. J. B. Pendry, A. J. Holden, W. J. Stewart, and I. Youngs "Extremely low frequency plasmons in metallic mesostructures." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 76, pp. 4773-4776, 1996.
81. J. B. Pendry, A. J. Holden, D. J. Robbins, and W. J. Stewart "Magnetism from conductors and enhanced nonlinear phenomena." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 47, pp. 2075-2084, 1999.
82. D. R. Smith, W. J. Padilla, D. C. Vier, S. C. Nemat-Nasser, and S. Schultz "Composite medium with simultaneously negative permeability and permittivity." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 84, pp. 4184-4187, 2000.
83. A. K. Iyer, and G. Eleftheriades "Negative refractive index metamaterials supporting 2-D waves." Proc. IEEE-MTT Int. Symp., vol. 2, pp. 412-415, Seattle, WA, 2002.
84. C. Caloz, H. Okabe, H. Iwai, and T. Itoh "Transmission line approach of left-handed metamaterials." Proc. USNC/URSI Nat. Radio Sci. Meeting, pp. 39, San Antonio, TX, 2002.
85. A. A. Oliner "A periodic-structure negative-refractive index medium without resonant elements." Proc. USNC/URSI Nat. Radio Sci. Meeting, pp. 41, San Antonio, TX, 2002.
86. R. Marqués, J. Martel, F. Mesa, and F. Medina "Left-handed-media simulation and transmission of EM waves in subwavelength split-ring-resonator-loaded metallic waveguides." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 9, paper 183901, 2002.
87. J. D. Jackson Classical Electrodynamics. Wiley, New York, 1999 (3rd. ed.).
88. R. E. Collin Field Theory of Guided Waves, IEEE Press, New York, 1990 (2nd. ed.).
89. J. Esteban, C. Camacho-Peñalosa, J. E. Page, T. M. Martin-Guerrero, and E. Marquez-Segura "Simulation of negative permittivity and negative permeability by means of evanescent waveguide modes-theory and experiment." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 53, pp. 1506-1514, 2005.
90. P. A. Belov, R. Marqués, S. I. Maslowski, I. S. Nefedov, M. Silveirinha, C. R. Simovski, and S. A. Tretyakov "Strong spatial dispersion in wire media in the very large wavelength limit." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 67, paper 113103, 2003.
91. L. D. Landau, E. M. Lifshitz, and L. P. Pitaevskii Electrodynamics of Continuous Media Pergamon, New York, 1984.
92. M. G. Silveirinha, and C. Fernandes "Homogenization of 3-D-connected and nonconnected wire metamaterial." IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propag., vol. 53, pp. 1418-1430, 2005.
93. W. Weber "On the relationship of the science of the diamagnetism with the sciences of magnetism and electricity." Ann. Phys., vol. 87, pp. 145-189, 1852.
94. S. A. Shelkunoff, and H. T. Friis Antennas. Theory and Practice, Wiley, New York, 1966 (3rd. ed.).
95. R. Marqués, F. Medinaand R. Rafii-El-Idrissi "Role of bi-anisotropy in negative permeability and left handed metamaterials." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 65, paper 144441, 2002.
96. M. Shamonin, E. Shamonina, V. Kalinin, and L. Solymar "Resonant frequencies of a splitring resonator: analytical solutions and numerical simulations." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 44, pp. 133-137, 2005.
97. R. Marqués, F. Mesa, J. Martel, and F. Medina "Comparative analysis of edge and broadside coupled split ring resonators for metamaterial design. Theory and experiment." IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 51, pp. 2572-2581, 2003.
98. I. Bahland P. Bhartia, Microwave Solid State Circuit Design, Wiley, New York, 1988.
99. L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz Statistical Physics. Pergamon Press, Oxford, England, 1980 (3rd ed.).
100. I. V. Lindell, A. H. Sihvola, S. A. Tretyakov, and A. J. Viitanen Electromagnetic Waves in Chiral and Bi-isotropic Media. Artech House, Norwood, MA, 1994.
101. J. D. Baena, J. Bonache, F. Martín, R. Marqués, F. Falcone, T. Lopetegi, M. A. G. Laso, J. García-García, I. Gil, M. Flores, and M. Sorolla "Equivalent circuit models for split rings resonators and complementary split rings resonators coupled to planar transmission lines." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 53, pp. 1451-1461, 2005.
102. P. Gay-Balmaz, and O. J. F. Martin "Electromagnetic resonances in individual and coupled split ring resonators." J. Appl. Phys. vol. 92, pp. 2929-36, 2002.
103. R. Marqués, F. Medina, R. Rafii-El-Idrissi "Comment to electromagnetic resonances in individual and coupled split ring resonators." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 94, p. 2770, 2003.
104. R. Marqués, J. D. Baena, J. Martel, F. Medina, F. Falcone, M. Sorolla, and F. Martin "Novel small resonant electromagnetic particles for metamaterial and filter design." Proc. ICEAA'03, pp. 439-442, Torino, Italy, 2003.
105. J. D. Baena. R. Marqués, F. Medina, and J. Martel "Artificial magnetic metamaterial design by using spiral resonators." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 69, paper 014402, 2004.
106. J. D. Baena. Private communication.
107. X. Xu, B. Quan, Ch. Gu, and L. Wang "Bianisotropic response of microfabricated metamaterials in the terahertz region." J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, vol. 23, pp. 1174-1180, 2006.
108. D. R. Smith, and D. Schurig "Electromagnetic wave propagation in media with indefinite permittivity and permeability tensors." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 90, paper 077405, 2003.
109. J. García-García, F. Martín, J. D. Baena, R. Marqués, and L. Jelinek "On the resonances and polarizabilities of split ring resonators." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 98, paper 033103, 2005.
110. C. A. Fernandes, R. Marqués, and M. Silveirinha "Transmission in rectangular waveguides periodically loaded with SRRs: simulation and measurement." Proc. of the European Microwave Assoc. vol. 2, pp. 66-70, 2006.
111. Ph. Gay-Balmaz and O. J. F. Martin "Efficient isotropic magnetic resonator." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 81, pp. 939-941, 2002.
112. C. R. Simovski, and B. Sauviac "Towards creating isotropic microwave composites with negative refraction." Radio Sci., vol. 39, pp. RS2014, 2004.
113. C. R. Simovski and S. He "Frequency range and explicit expressions for negative permittivity and permeability for an isotropic medium formed by a lattice of perfectly conducting V particles." Phys. Lett. A, vol. 311, pp. 254-263, 2003.
114. M. M. I. Saadoun and N. Engheta "A reciprocal phase shifter using a novel pseudochiral or V medium." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 5, pp. 184-188, April 1992.
115. J. D. Baena, L. Jelinek, R. Marqués, and J. Zehentner "Electrically small isotropic threedimensional magnetic resonators for metamaterial design." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 88, pp. 134108, (2006).
116. Th. Koschny, L. Zhang, and C. M. Soukoulis "Isotropic three-dimensional left-handed metamaterials." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 71, paper 121103, 2005.
117. T. J. Yen, W. J. Padilla, N. Fang, D. C. Vier, D. R. Smith, J. B. Pendry, D. N. Basov, and X. Zhang "Terahertz magnetic response from artificial materials." Science, vol. 303, pp. 1494-1496, 2004.
118. S. Linden, C. Enkrich, M. Wegener, J. Zhou, T. Koschny, and C. M. Soukoulis "Magnetic response of metamaterials at 100 terahertz." Science, vol. 306, pp. 1351-1353, 2004.
119. J. Zhou, Th. Koschny, M. Kafesaki, E. N. Economou, J. B. Pendry, and C. M. Soukoulis "Saturation of the magnetic response of split ring resonators at optical frequencies." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 95, paper 223902, 2005.
120. R. Marqués and M. J. Freire "On the usefulness of split ring resonators for magnetic metamaterial design at infrared and optical frequencies." Proc. 13th IEEE Mediterranean Electrochemical Conference (MELECON 2006), May 16-19, 2006, Benalmádena (Málaga), Spain, pp. 122-124.
121. J. R. Reitz, F. J. Milford, and R. W. Christy Foundations of Electromagnetic Theory. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, (4th ed.).
122. N. Engheta, A. Salandrino, and A. Alu` "Circuit elements at optical frequencies: nanoinductors, nanocapacitors, and nanoresistors." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 95, paper 095504, 2005.
123. J. Aizpurua, P. Hanarp, D. S. Sutherland, M. Kall, G.W. Bryant, and F. J. Garcia de Abajo "Optical properties of gold nanorings." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 90, paper 057401, 2003.
124. R. A. Shelby, D. R. Smith, and S. Schultz "Experimental verification of a negative index of refraction." Science, vol. 292, pp. 77-79, 2001.
125. R. Marqués, J. Martel, F. Mesa, and F. Medina "Left-handed-media simulation and transmission of EM waves in subwavelength split-ring-resonator-loaded metallic waveguides." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 89, paper 183901, 2002.
126. I. G. Kondrat'ev and A. I. Smirnov "Comments on left-handed media simulation and transmission of EM waves in subwavelength split-ring-resonator-loaded metallic waveguides." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 91, paper 2494011, 2003.
127. S. Hrabar, J. Bartolic, and Z. Sipus "Waveguide miniaturization using uniaxial negative permeability metamaterial." IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 53, pp. 110-119, 2005.
128. P. A. Belov and C. R. Simovski "Subwavelength metallic waveguides loaded by uniaxial resonant scatterers." Phys. Rev. E, vol. 72, paper 036681, 2005.
129. R. Marqués, J. Martel, F. Mesa, and F. Medina "A new 2-D isotropic left-handed metamaterial design: theory and experiment." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 35, pp. 405-408, 2002.
130. J. D. Baena, R. Marqués, J. Martel, and F. Medina "Experimental results on metamaterial simulation using SRR-loaded waveguides." Proc. IEEE-AP/S Int. Symp. on Antennas and Propagation, pp. 106-109, 2003.
131. R. A. Shelby, D. R. Smith, S. C. Nemat-Nasser, and S. Schultz "Microwave transmission through a two-dimensional, isotropic, left-handed metamaterial." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 78, pp. 489-491, 2001.
132. S. Hrabar, Z. Sipus, and J. Bartolic "Experimental verification of negative index of refraction by lateral beam displacement." Proc. 2004URSI-EMTSymp., pp. 373-375, Pisa, Italy, 2004.
133. A. L. Pokrovsky and A. L. Efros "Electrodynamics of photonic crystals and the problem of left-handed metarials." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 89, paper 093901, 2002.
134. R. Marques and D. R. Smith "Comments to Electrodynamics of photonic crystals and the problem of left-handed metamaterials." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 92, paper 059401, 2004.
135. D. R. Smith, W. Padilla, D. Vier, R. Shelby, S. Nemat-Nasser, N. Kroll, and S. Schultz, in Proc. NATO-ASI Conf. on Photonic Crystals and Light Localization in the 21st Century. June 18-30 2002, Heraclion, Crete (Greece). Edited by C. M. Soukoulis. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, 2001, p. 351.
136. A. Pimenov, A. Loidl, P. Przyslupsky, and B. Dabrowski "Negative refraction in ferromagnetic-superconductor superlattices." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 95, paper 247009, 2005.
137. M. S. Sodha and N. C. Shrivastava Microwave Propagation in Ferrimagnetics. Plenum Press, New York, 1981.
138. A. G. Gurevich and G. A. Melkov Magnetization Oscillations and Waves. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1996.
139. R. F. Harrington and A. T. Villeneuve "Reciprocity relationships for gyrotropic media." IRE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 6, pp. 308-310, 1958.
140. M. Mrozowski Guided Electromagnetic Waves. Properties and Analysis. Research Studies Press, Taunton, UK and Wiley, New York, 1997.
141. G. H. B. Thompson "Unusual waveguide characteristics associated with the apparent negative permeability obtainable in ferrites." Nature, vol. 175, pp. 1135-1136, 1955. (Authors want to thank Prof. Laszlo Solymar for bringing this paper to their attention.)
142. A. Dechant and M. Okoniewski "Broadband double negative material from ferrite-loaded metallic waveguides." Electron. Lett., vol. 42, pp. 4-5, 2006.
143. G. Dewar "Candidates for m , 0, 1 , 0 nanostructure." Int. J. Modern Phys. B, vol. 15, pp. 3258-3265, 2001.
144. G. Dewar "A thin wire array and magnetic host structure with n , 1." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 97, paper 10Q101, 2005.
145. A. Alu and N. Engheta "Pairing an epsilon-negative slab with a mu-negative slab: resonance, tunneling and transparency." IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 51, pp. 2558-2571, 2003.
146. K. F. Lindmann "Rotation polarisation of electromagnetic waves generated by the isotropic system of spiral resonators." Annalen der Physik, vol. 63, pp. 621-644, 1920.
147. A. J. Bahr and K. R. Clausing "An approximate model for artificial chiral material." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 42, pp. 1592-1599, 1994.
148. F. Mariotte, S. A. Tretyakov, and B. Sauviac "Isotropic chiral composite modelling: comparison between analytical, numerical and experimental results." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 7, pp. 861-864, 1994.
149. S. A. Tretyakov, F. Mariotte, C. R. Simovski, and T. G. Kharina "Analytical antenna model for chiral scatterers: Comparison with numerical and experimental data." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 44, pp. 1006-1014, 1996.
150. S. A. Tretyakov, A. Sihvola, and L. Jylh "Backward-wave regime and negative refraction in chiral composites." Photonics and Nanostruct. Fund. Appl., vol. 3, pp. 107-115, 2005.
151. T. G. Mackay "Plane waves with negative phase velocity in isotropic chiral mediums." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 45, pp. 120-121, 2005.
152. S. A. Tretyakov Analytical Modelling in Applied Electromagnetics. Artech House, Norwood, MA, 2003.
153. R. Marqués, L. Jelinek, and F. Mesa "Negative refraction from quasi-planar chiral inclusions." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 49, pp. 2006-2009, 2006.
154. J. B. Pendry "A chiral route to negative refraction." Science, vol. 306, pp. 1353-1355, 2004.
155. S. A. Tretyakov, I. Nefedov, A. Sihvola, S. Maslowski, and C. Simowski "Waves and energy in chiral nihility." J. Electromagnetic Waves and Appl., vol. 5, pp. 695-706, 2003.
156. A. Sihvola Electromagnetic Mixing Formulas and Applications. IEE Press, London, UK, 1999.
157. C. L. Holloway, E. F. Kuester, J. Baker-Jarvis, and P. A. Kabos "Double negative (DNG) composite medium composed of magnetodielectric spherical particles embedded in a matrix." IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 51, pp. 2596-2603, 2003.
158. O. G. Vendik and M. S. Gashinova "Artificial double negative (DNG) media composed by two different dielectric sphere lattices embedded in a dielectric matrix." Proc. 34th European Microwave Conf., vol. 3, pp. 1209-1212, Amsterdam, 2004.
159. L. Lewin "The electrical constants of a material loaded with spherical particles." Proc. IEE, vol. 94, pp. 65-68, 1947.
160. D. M. Pozar Microwave Engineering. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1993.
161. R. F. Harrington Time-harmonic Electromagnetic Fields. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1961.
162. D. Schurig, J. J. Mock, and D. R. Smith "Electric-field-coupled resonators for negative permittivity metamaterials." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 88, paper 041109, 2006.
163. V. M. Shalaev, W. Cai, U. K. Chettiar, H. K. Yuan, A. K. Sarychev, V. P. Drachev, and A. V. Kildishev "Negative index of refraction in optical metamaterials." Opt. Lett., vol. 30, pp. 3356-3358, 2005.
164. A. N. Grigorenko, A. K. Geim, H. F. Gleeson, Y. Zhang, A. A. Frisov, I. Y. Khrushchev, and J. Petrovic "Nanofabricated media with negative permeability at visible frequencies." Nature, vol. 438, pp. 335-338, 2005.
165. A. N. Lagarkov and A. K. Sarychev "Electromagnetic properties of composites containing elongated conducting inclusions." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 53, pp. 6381-6336, 1996.
166. J. Martel, R. Marqués, F. Falcone, J. Baena, F. Medina, F. Martín, and M. Sorolla "A new LC series element for compact band-pass filter design." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 210-212, 2004.
167. A. K. Iyer and G. V. Eleftheriades "Negative refractive index metamaterials supporting 2-D waves." IEEE-MTT Int'l Microwave Symp., vol. 2, Seattle, WA, pp. 412-415, June 2002.
168. A. A. Oliner "A periodic-structure negative-refractive-index medium without resonant elements." URSI Digest, IEEE-AP-S USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, San Antonio, TX, pp. 41, June 2002.
169. C. Caloz and T. Itoh "Application of the transmission line theory of left-handed (LH) materials to the realization of a microstrip LH transmission line." Proc. IEEE-AP-S USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, vol. 2, San Antonio, TX, pp. 412-415, June 2002.
170. S. Ramo, J. R. Whinnery, and T. Van Duzer, Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics. Wiley, New York, 1994.
171. J. A. Kong Electromagnetic Wave Theory. EMW Pub., 2000.
172. D. M. Pozar Microwave Engineering. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1993.
173. C. Caloz and T. Itoh "Novel microwave devices and structures based on the transmission line approach of metamaterials." IEEE-MTT Int'l Microwave Symp., vol. 1, Philadelphia, pp. 195-198, June 2003.
174. C. Caloz and T. Itoh Electromagnetic Metamaterials: Transmission Line Theory and Microwave Applications. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, 2006.
175. C. Caloz, H. Okabe, T. Iwai, and T. Itoh "Transmission line approach of left handed materials." USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, San Antonio, TX, vol. 1, pp. 39, June 2002.
176. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades "Experimental verification of backward wave radiation from a negative refractive index metamaterial." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 92, pp. 5930-5935, November 2002.
177. G. V. Eleftheriades and K. G. Balmain Negative Refraction Metamaterials: Fundamental Principles and Applications. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, 2005.
178. R. Shelby, D. R. Smith, and S. Schultz "Experimental verification of a negative index of refraction." Science, vol. 292, pp. 77, 2001.
179. G. V. Eleftheriades, A. K. Iyer, and P. C. Kremer "Planar negative refractive index media using periodically L-C loaded transmission lines." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 50, pp. 2702-2712, December 2002.
180. A. K. Iyer, P. C. Kremer, and G. V. Eleftheriades "Experimental and theoretical verification of focusing in a large, periodically loaded transmission line negative refractive index metamaterial." Opt. Express, vol. 11, pp. 696-708, April 2003.
181. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades "Overcoming the diffraction limit with a planar left handed transmission line lens." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 92, paper 117403, March 2004.
182. A. Sanada, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh "Planar distributed structures with negative refractive index." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 52, pp. 1252-1263, April 2004.
183. D. Sievenpiper, L. Zhang, R. F. J. Broas, N. G. Alexopolous, and E. Yablonovitch "Highimpedance electromagnetic surfaces with a forbidden frequency band." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 47, pp. 2059-2074, November 1999.
184. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades "An isotropic three-dimensional negative refractive index transmission line metamaterial." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 98, paper 043106, August 2005.
185. W. J. R. Hoefer, P. P. M. So, D. Thompson, and M. Tentzeris "Topology and design of wide band 3D metamaterials made of periodically loaded transmission line arrays." IEEE MTT Int. Microwave Symposium Digest, pp. 313-316, Long Beach, CA, June 2005.
186. F. Martín, F. Falcone, J. Bonache, R. Marqués, and M. Sorolla "Split ring resonator based left handed coplanar waveguide." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 83, pp. 4652-4654, December 2003.
187. I. Gil, J. Bonache, J. García-García, F. Falcone, and F. Martín "Metamaterials in microstrip technology for filter applications." Proc. APS-URSI, Washington, July 2005.
188. F. Falcone, F. Martin, J. Bonache, R. Marqués, and M. Sorolla "Coplanar waveguide structures loaded with split ring resonators." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 40, pp. 3-6, January 2004.
189. R. Marqués, F. Mesa, J. Martel, and F. Medina "Comparative analysis of edge and broadside couple split ring resonators for metamaterial design. Theory and experiment." IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 51, pp. 2572-2582, October 2003.
190. F. Falcone, F. Martín, J. Bonache, R. Marqués, T. Lopetegi, and M. Sorolla "Left handed coplanar waveguide band pass filters based on bi-layer split ring resonators." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 10-12, January 2004.
191. R. Marqués, F. Medina, and R. Rafii-El-Idrissi "Role of bianisotropy in negative permeability and left handed metamaterials." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 65, paper 144440, April 2002.
192. J. D. Baena, R. Marqués, and F. Medina "Artificial magnetic metamaterial design by using spiral resonators." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 69, paper 14402 (2004).
193. F. Falcone, F. Martín, J. Bonache, M. A. G. Laso, J. García-García, J. D. Baena, R. Marqués, and M. Sorolla "Stop band and band pass characteristics in coplanar waveguides coupled to spiral resonators." IEEE Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 42, pp. 386-388, September 2004.
194. G. Zhang, F. Huang, and M. J. Lancaster "Superconducting spiral filters with quasi-elliptic characteristic for radio astronomy." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 53, pp. 947-951, March 2005.
195. J. D. Baena, J. Bonache, F. Martín, R. Marqués, F. Falcone, T. Lopetegi, M. A. G. Laso, J. García, I. Gil, and M. Sorolla "Equivalent circuit models for split ring resonators and complementary split rings resonators coupled to planar transmission lines." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 53, pp. 1451-1461, April 2005.
196. B. C. Wadell Transmission Line Design Handbook. Artech House, Norwood, MA, 1991.
197. F. Falcone, T. Lopetegi, J. D. Baena, R. Marqués, F. Martín, and M. Sorolla "Effective negative-1 stop-band microstrip lines based on complementary split ring resonators." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 280-282, June 2004.
198. H. G. Booker "Slot aerials and their relation to complementary wire aerials (Babinet's principle)." J. IEE, vol. 93, pt. III-A, no. 4, pp. 620-626, March-May 1946.
199. G. A. Deschamps "Impedance properties of complementary multiterminal planar structures." IRE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. AP-7, pp. 371-378, December 1959.
200. W. J. Getsinger "Circuit duals on planar transmission media." 1983 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, Boston, May-June 1983, pp. 154-156.
201. I. Bahl and P. Bhartia Microwave Solid State Circuit Design. Wiley, New York, 1988.
202. I. Gil, J. Bonache, M. Gil, J. García-García, F. Martín, and R. Marqués "Accurate circuit analysis of resonant type left handed transmission lines with inter-resonator's coupling." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 100, paper 074908-1-10, October 2006.
203. M. Gil, J. Bonache, I. Gil, J. García-García, and F. Martín "On the transmission properties of left handed microstrip lines implemented by complementary split rings resonators." Int. Numerical Modelling: Electronic Networks, Devices and Fields, vol. 19, pp. 87-103, 2006.
204. J. Bonache, M. Gil, I. Gil, J. Garcia-García, and F. Martín "On the electrical characteristics of complementary metamaterial resonators." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 16, pp. 543-545, October 2006.
205. M. Gil, J. Bonache, J. Selga, J. García-García, and F. Martín "Broadband resonant type metamaterial transmission lines." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 17, pp. 97-99, February 2007.
206. I. Gil, J. Bonache, M. Gil, J. García-García, and F. Martín "On the left handed and right handed transmission properties of microstrip lines loaded with complementary split rings resonators." IEEE Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 48, pp. 2508-2511, December 2006.
207. G. V. Eleftheriades, O. Siddiqui, and A. Iyer "Transmission line models for negative refractive index media and associated implementations without excess resonators." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 13, pp. 51-53, February 2003.
208. D. R. Smith and N. Kroll "Negative refractive index in left handed materials." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 85, pp. 2933-2936, October 2000.
209. V. G. Veselago "The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of 1 and m." Sov. Phys. Usp., vol. 10, pp. 509-514 (1968).
210. F. Falcone, F. Martin, J. Bonache, R. Marqués, and M. Sorolla "Coplanar waveguide structures loaded with split ring resonators." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 40, pp. 3-6, January 2004.
211. F. Falcone, T. Lopetegi, J. D. Baena, R. Marqués, F. Martín, and M. Sorolla "Effective negative-1 stop-band microstrip lines based on complementary split ring resonators." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 280-282, June 2004.
212. F. Martín, F. Falcone, J. Bonache, R. Marqués, and M. Sorolla "Split ring resonator based left handed coplanar waveguide." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 83, pp. 4652-4654, December 2003.
213. F. Falcone, T. Lopetegi, M. A. G. Laso, J. D. Baena, J. Bonache, R. Marqués, F. Martín, and M. Sorolla "Babinet principle applied to the design of metasurfaces and metamaterials." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 93, pp. 197401, November 2004.
214. F. Martín, F. Falcone, J. Bonache, T. Lopetegi, R. Marqués, and M. Sorolla "Miniaturized CPW stop band filters based on multiple tuned split ring resonators." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 13, pp. 511-513, December 2003.
215. J. García-García, J. Bonache, I. Gil, F. Martín, R. Marqués, F. Falcone, T. Lopetegi, M. A. G. Laso, and M. Sorolla "Comparison of electromagnetic bandgap and split rings resonator microstrip lines as stop band structures." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 44, pp. 376-379, February 2005.
216. J. García-García, F. Martín, E. Amat, F. Falcone, J. Bonache, I. Gil, T. Lopetegi, Miguel A. G. Laso, A. Marcotegui, M. Sorolla, and R. Marqués "Microwave filters with improved stop band based on sub-wavelength resonators." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 53, pp. 1997-2006, June 2005.
217. J. D. Joannopoulos, R. D. Meade, and J. N. Winn Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1995.
218. E. Yablonovitch "Photonic bandgap structures." J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, vol. 10, pp. 283-295, February 1993.
219. F. R. Yang, K. P. Ma, Y. Qian, and T. Itoh "A uniplanar compact photonic-bandgap structure and its applications for microwave circuits." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 47, pp. 1509-1514, August 1999.
220. T. Lopetegi, M. A. G. Laso, J. Hernández, M. Bacaicoa, D. Benito, M. J. Garde, M. Sorolla, and M. Guglielmi "New microstrip wiggly-line filters with spurious passband suppression." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 49, pp. 1593-1598, September 2001.
221. F. Falcone, T. Lopetegi, and M. Sorolla "1-D and 2-D photonic bandgap microstrip structures." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 22, pp. 376-379, February 2005.
222. J. Sor, Y. Qian, and T. Itoh "Miniature low loss CPW periodic structure for filter applications." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 49, pp. 411-412, September 1999.
223. F. Martín, F. Falcone, J. Bonache, T. Lopetegi, M. A. G. Laso, and M. Sorolla "New periodic-loaded photonic bandgap coplanar waveguide with complete spurious passband suppression." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 12 (11), pp. 435-437, November 2002.
224. F. Martín, F. Falcone, J. Bonache, T. Lopetegi, M. A. G. Laso, M. Coderch, and M. Sorolla "Periodic-loaded sinusoidal patterned electromagnetic bandgap coplanar waveguides." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 36 (3), pp. 181-184, February 2003.
225. F. Martín, F. Falcone, J. Bonache, M. A. G. Laso, T. Lopetegi, and M. Sorolla "Dual electromagnetic bandgap CPW structures for filter applications." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 13, pp. 393-395, September 2003.
226. D. M. Pozar Microwave Engineering. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1990.
227. C. Person, A. Sheta, J. Ocupes, and S. Toutain "Design of high performance band pass filters by using multilayer thick film technology." Proc. 24th European Microwave Conf., Cannes, France, September 1994, vol. 1, pp. 446-471.
228. J. T. Kuo and M. Jiang "Suppression of spurious resonance for microstrip band pass filters via substrate suppression." Asia Pacific Microwave Conf., Kyoto, Japan, 2002, pp. 497-500.
229. M. Le Roy, A. Perennec, S. Toutain, L. C. Calvez "Continuously varying coupled transmission lines applied to design bandpass filters." Int. J. RF Microwave Computer Aided Eng., vol. 12, pp. 288-295, May 2002.
230. J. T. Kuo and W. Hsu "Parallel coupled microstrip filters with suppression of harmonic response." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 12, pp. 383-385, October 2002.
231. T. Lopetegi, M. A. G. Laso, F. Falcone, F. Martín, J. Bonache, L. Pérez-Cuevas, and M. Sorolla, "Microstrip wiggly line band pass filters with multispurious rejection." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 531-533, November 2004.
232. V. Radisic, Y. Qian, and T. Itoh "Broad-band power amplifier using dielectric photonic bandgap structures." IEEE Microwave Guided Wave Lett., vol. 8, pp. 13-15, January 1998.
233. M. A. G. Laso, T. Lopetegi, M. J. Erro, D. Benito, M. J. Garde, and M. Sorolla "Novel wideband photonic bandgap microstrip structures." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 24, pp. 357-360, March 2000.
234. J. García-García, F. Martín, F. Falcone, J. Bonache, I. Gil, T. Lopetegi, M. A. G. Laso, M. Sorolla, and R. Marqués "Spurious passband suppression in microstrip coupled line band pass filters by means of split ring resonators." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 416-418, September 2004.
235. J. García-García, J. Bonache, F. Falcone, I. Gil, J. D. Baena, T. Lopetegui, M. A. G. Laso, F. Martín, R. Marqués, A. Marcotegui, and M. Sorolla "Spurious pass band suppression in microwave filters by means of sub-wavelength resonant structures." 34th European Microwave Conference Digest, Amsterdam, Holland, October 2004, vol. II, pp. 577-580.
236. E. Rius, G. Prigent, H. Happy, G. Dambrine, S. Boret, and A. Cappy "Wide-and narrowband bandpass coplanar filters in the W-frequency band." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 51, pp. 784-791, March 2003.
237. J. García-García, J. Bonache, F. Falcone, J. D. Baena, F. Martín, I. Gil, T. Lopetegi, M. A. G. Laso, A. Marcotegui, R. Marqués, and M. Sorolla "New stepped-impedance low pass filters with spurious passband suppression." Electron. Lett., vol. 40, pp. 881-883, 2004.
238. J. Bonache, F. Martín, F. Falcone, J. García, I. Gil, T. Lopetegi, M. A. G. Laso, R. Marqués, F. Medina, and M. Sorolla "Super compact split ring resonators CPW band pass filters." IEEE-MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, Fort Worth, TX, pp. 1483-1486, June 2004.
239. R. Marqués, F. Mesa, J. Martel, and F. Medina "Comparative analysis of edge and broadside coupled split ring resonators for metamaterial design. Theory and experiment." IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 51, pp. 2572-2581, October 2003.
240. J. Bonache, F. Martín, F. Falcone, J. García-García, I. Gil, T. Lopetegi, M. A. G. Laso, R. Marqués, F. Medina, and M. Sorolla "Compact CPW band pass filter at S-band." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 46, pp. 33-35, July 2005.
241. J. Bonache, F. Falcone, J. D. Baena, T. Lopetegi, J. García-García, M. A. G. Laso, I. Gil, A. Marcotegui, R. Marqués, F. Martín, and M. Sorolla "Application of complementary split rings resonators to the design of compact narrow band pass structures in microstrip technology." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 46, pp. 508-512, September 2005.
242. J. Bonache, I. Gil, J. García-García, and F. Martín "Complementary split rings resonator for microstrip diplexer design." Electron. Lett., vol. 41, pp. 810-811, July 2005.
243. J.-S. Hong and M. J. Lancaster, Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications.Wiley, New York, 2001.
244. G. L. Mathaei, L. Young, and E. M. T. Jones, Microwave Filters Impedance-Matching Networks, and Coupling Structures. Artech House, Norwood, MA, 1980.
245. J. Bonache, I. Gil, J. García-García, and F. Martín "Novel microstrip bandpass filters based on complementary split rings resonators." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 54, pp. 265-271, January 2006.
246. J. Bonache, M. Gil, I. Gil, J. García-García, and F. Martín "Limitations and solutions of resonant-type metamaterial transmission lines for filter applications: the hybrid approach." 2006 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, pp. 939-942, San Francisco, CA, June 2006.
247. J. D. Baena, J. Bonache, F. Martín, R. Marqués, F. Falcone, T. Lopetegi, M. A. G. Laso, J. García, I Gil, and M. Sorolla "Equivalent circuit models for split ring resonators and complementary split rings resonators coupled to planar transmission lines." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 53, pp. 1451-1461, April 2005.
248. J. Bonache, F. Martín, J. García-García, I. Gil, R. Marqués, and M. Sorolla "Ultra wide band pass filters (UWBPF) based on complementary split rings resonators." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 46, pp. 283-286, August 2005.
249. J. Bonache, F. Martín, I. Gil, J. García-García, R. Marqués, and M. Sorolla "Microstrip bandpass filters with wide bandwidth and compact dimensions." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 46, pp. 343-346, August 2005.
250. J. Bonache, I. Gil, J. García-García, and F. Martín "Complementary split rings resonators (CSRRs): towards the miniaturization of microwave device design." Comput. Electron., vol. 5, pp. 193-197, May 2006.
251. J. Martel, R. Marqués, F. Falcone, J. D. Baena, F. Medina F. Martín, and M. Sorolla "A new LC series element for compact band pass filter design." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 210-212, May 2004.
252. J. Martel, J. Bonache, R. Marqués, F. Martín, and F. Medina "Design of wide-band semilumped bandpass filters using open split ring resonators." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 17, pp. 28-30, January 2007.
253. M. Gil, J. Bonache, J. García-García, J. Martel, and F. Martín "Composite right/ left handed (CRLH) metamaterial transmission lines based on complementary split rings resonators (CSRRs) and their applications to very wide band and compact filter design." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 55, pp. 1296-1304, June 2007.
254. W. Menzel and P. Feil "Ultra-wide band (UWB) filter with WLAN notch." Proc. 36th European Microwave Conf., pp. 595-598, Manchester, UK, September 2006.
255. K. Li, D. Kurita, and T. Matsui "UWB band pass filters with multi notched bands." Proc. 36th European Microwave Conf., pp. 591-594A, Manchester, UK, September 2006.
256. M. Gil, J. Bonache, and F. Martín "Metamaterial filters with attenuation poles in the pass band for ultra wide band applications." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 49, pp. 2909-2913, December 2007.
257. H. V. Nguyen and C. Caloz "Broadband highly selective bandpass filter based on a tapered coupled-resonator (TCR) CRLH structure." Proc. European Microwave Association, vol. 2, pp. 44-51, March 2006.
258. G. Rebeiz, RF MEMS Theory, Design and Technology. Wiley, New York, 2003.
259. I. Gil, J. Bonache, J. García-García, and F. Martín "Application of active electromagnetic bandgaps to the design of tunable resonators in CPW technology." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 45, pp. 229-232, May 2005.
260. I. Gil, J. García-García, J. Bonache, F. Martín, M. Sorolla, and R. Marqués "Varactorloaded split rings resonators for tuneable notch filters at microwave frequencies." Electron. Lett., vol. 40, pp. 1347-1348, October 2004.
261. J. B. Pendry, A. J. Holden, D. J. Robbins, and W. J. Stewart "Magnetism from conductors and enhanced nonlinear phenomena." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 47, pp. 2075-2084, November 1999.
262. I. Gil, J. Bonache, J. García-García, and F. Martín "Tunable metamaterial transmission lines based on varactor loaded split rings resonators." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 54, pp. 2665-2674, June 2006.
263. M. Gil, J. Bonache, I. Gil, J. García-García, and F. Martín "Miniaturization of planar microwave circuits by using resonant-type left handed transmission lines." IET Microwaves Antennas Propag., vol. 1, pp. 73-79, February 2007.
264. M. A. Antoniades and G. V. Eleftheriades "A broadband series power divider using zerodegree metamaterial phase shifting lines." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 15, pp. 808-810, November 2005.
265. H. Okabe, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh "A compact enhanced bandwidth hybrid ring using an artificial lumped element left handed transmission line section." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 52, pp. 798-804, March 2004.
266. G. Sisó, J. Bonache, M. Gil, J. García-García, and F. Martín "Compact rat-race hybrid coupler implemented through artificial left handed and right handed lines." IEEE MTT-S Int'l Microwave Symposium Digest, Honolulu, pp. 25-28, June 2007.
267. I. B. Vendik, O. G. Vendik, D. V. Kholodnyak, E. V. Serebryakova, and P. V. Kapitanova "Digital phase shifters based on right-and left-handed transmission lines." Proc. European Microwave Assoc., vol. 2, pp. 30-37, March 2006.
268. I. H. Lin, M. De Vincentis, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh "Arbitrary dual-band components using composite right/left-handed transmission lines." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 52, pp. 1142-1149, April 2004.
269. R. Mongia, I. Bahl, P. Bhartia, and J. Hong, RF and Microwave Coupled Line Circuits. 2nd ed. Artech House, Norwood, MA, 2007.
270. P. K. Ikalainen and G. L. Matthaei "Wide-band, forward coupling microstrip hybrids with high directivity." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. MTT-35, pp. 719-725, August 1987.
271. L. Liu, C. Caloz, C-C. Chang, and T. Itoh "Forward coupling phenomena between artificial left handed transmission lines." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 92, pp. 5560-5565, November 2002.
272. C. Caloz and T. Itoh "A novel mixed conventional microstrip and composite right/left handed backward wave directional coupler with broadband and tight coupling characteristics." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 31-33, January 2004.
273. C. Caloz and T. Itoh, Electromagnetic Metamaterials: Transmission Line Theory and Microwave Applications. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, 2006.
274. R. Islam, F. Elek, and G. V. Eleftheriades "Coupled line metamaterial coupler having codirectional phase but contra-directional power flow." Electron. Lett., vol. 40 (5), pp. 315-317, March 2004.
275. E. Jarauta, M. A. G. Laso, T. Lopetegi, F. Falcone, M. Beruete, J. D. Baena, A. Marcotegui, J. Bonache, J. García-García, R. Marqués, and F. Martín "Novel microstrip backward coupler with metamaterial cells for fully planar fabrication techniques." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 48, pp. 1205-1209, June 2006.
276. C. Caloz, A. Sanada, and T. Itoh "A novel composite right/left handed coupled-line directional coupler with arbitrary coupling level and broad bandwidth." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 52, pp. 980-992, March 2004.
277. N. Engheta and R. W. Ziolkowski "A positive future for double-negative metamaterials." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 53, No. 4, pp. 1535-1556, April 2005.
278. R. W. Ziolkowski, and A. D. Kipple "Application of double negative materials to increase the power radiated by electrically small antennas." IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 51, No. 10, pp. 2626-2640, October 2003.
279. A. Alú and N. Engheta "Radiation from a traveling-wave current sheet at the interface between a conventional material and a metamaterial with negative permittivity and permeability." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 35, pp. 460-463, December 2002.
280. J. Sun, W. Sun, T. Jiang, and Y. Feng "Directive electromagnetic radiation of a line source scattered by a conducting cylinder coated with left-handed metamaterial." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 47, pp. 274-279, November 2005.
281. S. F. Mahmoud "A new miniaturized annular ring patch resonator partially loaded by a metamaterial ring with negative permeability and permittivity." IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 3, pp. 19-22, 2004.
282. S. N. Burokur, M. Latrach, and S. Toutain "Theoretical investigation of a circular patch antenna in the presence of a left-handed medium." IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 4, pp. 183-186, 2005.
283. M. Kärkkäinen and P. Ikonen "Patch antenna with stacked split-ring resonators as an artificial magneto-dielectric substrate." Microwave Opt. Tech. Lett., vol. 46, pp. 554-556, September 2005.
284. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades "Experimental verification of backward-wave radiation from a negative refractive index metamaterial." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 92, pp. 5930-5935, November 2002.
285. L. Liu, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh "Dominant mode (DM) leaky wave antenna with backfire-toendfire scanning capability." Electron. Lett., vol. 38, pp. 1414-1416, November 2002.
286. S. Lim, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh "Metamaterial-based electronically-controlled transmission line structure as a novel leaky-wave antenna with tunable angle and beamwidth." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 52, No. 12, pp. 2678-2690, December 2004.
287. C. Caloz and T. Itoh "Metamaterials for high-frequency electronics." Proc. IEEE, vol. 93, pp. 1744-1752, October 2005.
288. A. Lai, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh "Composite right-/left-handed transmission line metamaterials." IEEE Microwave Mag., pp. 34-50, September 2004.
289. S. Lim, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh "A reflecto-directive system using a composite right-/lefthanded (CRLH) leaky-wave antenna and heterodyne mixing." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 183-185, April 2004.
290. C. Caloz and T. Itoh "Array factor approach of leaky-wave antennas and application to 1-D/2-D composite right/left-handed (CRLH) structures." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 274-276, June 2004.
291. S. Lim, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh "Electronically scanned composite right/left handed microstrip leaky-wave antenna." IEEE Microwave Wirel. Comp. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 277-279, June 2004.
292. I. Arnedo, J. Illescas, M. Flores, T. Lopetegi, M. A. G. Laso, F. Falcone, J. Bonache, J. García-García, F. Martín, J. A. Marcotegui, R. Marqués, and M. Sorolla "Forward and backward leaky wave radiation in split ring resonator based metamaterials." IET Microwaves, Antennas Propag., vol. 1, pp. 65-68, February 2007.
293. R. F. Harrington Time-harmonic Electromagnetic Fields. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1961.
294. J. D. Jackson Classical Electrodynamics. Wiley, New York, 1999 (3rd. ed.).
295. F. Falcone, T. Lopetegi, M. A. G. Laso, J. D. Baena, J. Bonache, M. Beruete, R. Marqués, F. Martín, and M. Sorolla "Babinet principle applied to metasurface and metamaterial design." Phys. Rev. Lett, vol. 93, paper 197401, 2004.
296. M. Beruete, M. Sorolla, R. Marqués, J. D. Baena, and M. Freire "Resonance and crosspolarization effects in conventional and complementary split ring resonator periodic screens." Electromagnetics, vol. 26, pp. 247-260, 2006.
297. R. Marqués, J. D. Baena, M. Beruete, F. Falcone, T. Lopetegi, M. Sorolla, F. Martín, and J. Garcia "Ab initio analysis of frequency selective surfaces based on conventional and complementary split ring resonators." J. Optics A, vol. 7, pp. S38-S43, 2005.
298. R. E. Collin Field Theory of Guided Waves. IEEE Press, New York, 1990 (2nd. ed.).
299. E. Shamonina and L. Solymar "Properties of magnetically coupled metamaterial elements." J. Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 300, pp. 38-43, 2006.
300. E. Shamonina, V. A. Kalinin, K. H. Ringhofer, and L. Solymar "Magneto-inductive waveguide." Electron. Lett., vol. 38, pp. 371-373, 2002.
301. E. Shamonina, V. A. Kalinin, K. H. Ringhofer, and L. Solymar "Magneto-inductive waves in one, two and three dimensions." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 92, pp. 6252-6261, 2002.
302. M. J. Freire, R. Marqués, F.Medina,M. A. G. Laso, and F.Martin "Planar magnetoinductive wave transducers: Theory and applications." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 85, pp. 4439-4441, 2004.
303. M. C. K. Wiltshire, E. Shamonina, I. R. Young, and L. Solymar "Experimental and theoretical study of magneto-inductive waves supported by one-dimensional arrays of swissrolls." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 95, pp. 4490-4493, 2004.
304. M. C. K. Wiltshire, J. B. Pendry, I. R. Young, D. J. Larkman, D. J. Gilderdale, and J. V. Hajnal "Microstructured magnetic materials for RF flux guides in magnetic resonance imaging." Science, vol. 291, pp. 849-851, 2001.
305. H. Raether, Excitation of Plasmons and Interband Transitions by Electrons. Springer, Berlin, 1980.
306. M. S. Sodha and N. C. Shrivastava, Microwave Propagation in Ferrimagnetics. Plenum Press, New York, 1981.
307. A. G. Gurevich and G. A. Melkov, Magnetization Oscillations and Waves. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 1996.
308. J. Shefer "Periodic cylinder arrays as transmission lines." IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 11, pp. 55, 1963.
309. M. L. Brongersma, J. W. Hartmann, and H. A. Artwater "Electromagnetic energy transfer and switching in nanoparticle chain arrays below the diffraction limit." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 62, pp. R16356-R16359, 2000.
310. W. H. Weber and G. W. Ford "Propagation of optical excitations by dipolar interactions in metal nanoparticle chains." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 70, paper 125429, 2004.
311. M. Beruete, F. Falcone, M. J. Freire, R. Marqués, and J. D. Baena "Electroinductive waves in chains of complementary metamaterial elements." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 88, paper. 083503, 2006.
312. R. R. A. Syms, E. Shamonina, V. Kalinin, and L. Solymar "A theory of metamaterials based on periodically loaded transmission lines: Interaction between magnetoinductive and electromagnetic waves." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 97, paper 064909, 2005.
313. F. Martin, J. Bonache, F. Falcone, M. Sorolla, and R. Marqués "Split ring resonator-based left-handed coplanar waveguide." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 83, pp. 4652-4654, 2003.
314. S. Maslowski, S. Tretyakov, and P. Alitalo "Near-field enhancement and imaging in double planar polariton-resonant structures." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 96, pp. 1293-1300, 2004.
315. I. Gil, J. Bonache, M. Gil, J. García-García, F. Martin, and R. Marques "Accurate circuit analysis of resonant-type left handed transmission lines with inter-resonator's coupling." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 100, paper 074908, 2006.
316. M. C. K.Wiltshire, E. Shamonina, I. R. Young, and L. Solymar "Dispersion characteristics of magneto-inductive waves: comparison between theory and experiment." Electron. Lett., vol. 39, pp. 215-217, 2003.
317. E. Shamonina and L. Solymar "Magneto-inductive waves supported by metamaterials elements: components for a one-dimensional waveguide." J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., vol. 37, pp. 362-367, 2004.
318. O. Zhuromskyy, E. Shamonina, and L. Solymar "2D metamaterials with hexagonal structure: spatial resonances and near field imaging." Opt. Express, vol. 13, pp. 9299-9309, 2005.
319. M. J. Freire and R. Marqués "Planar magnetoinductive lens for three-dimensional subwavelength imaging." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 86, paper 182505, 2005.
320. J. B. Pendry "Negative refraction makes perfect lens." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 85, pp. 3966-3969, 2000.
321. A. Grbic and G. Eleftheriades "Overcoming diffraction limit with a planar left-handed transmission line lens." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 92, paper 117403, 2004.
322. D. R. Smith and D. Schurig "Electromagnetic wave propagation in media with indefinite permittivity and permeability tensors." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 90, paper 077405, 2003.
323. R. Marques, F. Mesa, and F. Medina "Near-field enhanced imaging by a metamaterial magnetized ferrite slab." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 86, paper 023505, 2005.
324. P. V. Parimi,W. T. Lu, P. Vodo, and S. Sridhar "Imaging by flat lens using negative refraction." Nature, vol. 426, pp. 404, 2003.
325. Z. Lu, J. A. Murakowski, C. A. Schuetz, S. Shi, G. J. Schneider, and D.W. Prather "Threedimensional subwavelength imaging by a photonic crystal flat lens using negative refraction at microwave frequencies." Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 95, paper 153901 (2005).
326. P. A. Belov, Y. Hao, and S. Sudhakaran "Subwavelength microwave imaging using an array of parallel conducting wires as a lens." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 73, paper 033108, 2006.
327. J. L. Garcia-Pomar and M. Nieto-Vesperinas "Waveguiding, collimation and sub-wavelength concentration in photonic crystals." Opt. Express, vol. 13, pp. 7997-8007, 2005.
328. R. Marqués, M. J. Freire, and J. D. Baena "Theory of three-dimensional subdiffraction imaging." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 89, paper 211113, 2006.
329. V. G. Veselago "Some remarks regarding electrodynamics of materials with negative refraction." Appl. Phys. B, vol. 81, pp. 403-407, 2005.
330. V. Veselago "Superlens as a matching device." http://xxx.lanl.gov/ftp/cond-mat/papers/0501/0501438.pdf.
331. F. Mesa, R. Marques, M. Freire, and J. D. Baena "Three dimensional super-resolution in metamaterial slab lenses." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 72, paper 235117, 2005.
332. V. A. Podolskiy and N. A. Kuhta "Optimizing the superlens: Manipulating geometry to enhance the resolution." Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 87, 231113, 2005.
333. E. Shamonina, V. A. Kalinin, K. H. Ringhofer, and L. Solymar "Imaging, compression and Poynting vector streamlines with negative permittivity materials." Electron. Lett., vol. 37, pp. 1243-1244, 2001.
334. S. A. Ramakrishna, J. B. Pendry, M. C. K. Wiltshire, and W. J. Stewart "Imaging the near field." J. Mod. Opt., vol. 50, pp. 1419-1430, 2003.
335. N. Fang, H. Lee, C. Sun, and X. Zhang "Sub-diffraction-limited optical imaging with a silver superlens." Science, vol. 308, pp. 534-537, 2005.
336. R. J. Blaikie and D. O. S. Melville "Imaging through planar silver lenses in the optical near field." J. Opt. A, vol. 7, pp. S176-S183, 2005.
337. M. J. Freire and R. Marqués "Near-field imaging in the megahertz range by strongly coupled magnetoinductive surfaces: Experiment and ab initio analysis." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 100, paper 063105, 2006.
338. P. A. Belov, C. R. Simowski, and P. Ikonen "Canalization of subwavelength images by electromagnetic crystals." Phys. Rev. B, vol. 71, paper 193105, 2005.
339. P. A. Belov and M. G. Silveirinha "Resolution of subwavelength transmission devices formed by a wire medium." Phys. Rev. E, vol. 73, paper 056607, 2006.