Composite right/left-handed transmission line metamaterials

IEEE Microwave Magazine

Volumn 5, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 34-50

  Lai, Anthony ^a   Caloz, Christophe ^a   Itoh, Tatsuo ^b  

^a Engineering IV   (United States)

^b ÉCOLE POLYTECHNIQUE DE MONTRÉAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPOSITE LEFT/RIGHT HAND (CLRH) STRUCTURES; ELECTROMAGNETIC PROPERTIES; LEFT HAND MATERIALS (LHM); METAMATERIALS;

CAPACITANCE; ELECTRIC LINES; ELECTRIC POTENTIAL; ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE POLARIZATION; ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES; ELECTROMAGNETISM; EQUIVALENT CIRCUITS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; MICROWAVE DEVICES; REFRACTIVE INDEX;

COMPOSITE MATERIALS;

EID: 7044227828     PISSN: 15273342     EISSN: None     Source Type: Trade Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/MMW.2004.1337766     Document Type: Review

References (38)

1. "Breakthrough of the year: The runners-up," Science, vol. 302, no. 5653, pp. 2039-2045, 2003.
2. V. Veselago, "The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of δ and μ," Soviet Physics Uspekhi, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 509-514, 1968.
3. S. Ramo, J.R. Whinnery, and T. Van Duzer, Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics, 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 1984.
4. R.A. Shelby, D.R. Smith, and S. Schultz, "Experimental verification of a negative index of refraction," Science, vol. 292, no. 5514, pp. 77-79, 2001.
5. A.A. Houck, J.B. Brock, and I.L. Chuang, "Experimental observations of a left-handed material that obeys Snell's Law," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 90, pp. 137-401, Apr. 2003.
6. C.R. Simovski, P.A. Belov, and H. Sailing, "Backward wave region and negative material parameters of a structure formed by lattices of wires and split-ring resonators," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 51, pp. 2582-2591, Oct. 2003.
7. E. Ozbay, K. Aydin, E. Cubukcu, and M. Bayindir, "Transmission and reflection properties of composite double negative metamaterials in free space," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 51, pp. 2592-2595, Oct. 2003.
8. R.W. Ziolkowski and A.D. Kipple, "Application of double negative materials to increase the power radiated by electrically small antennas," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 51, pp. 2626-2640, Oct. 2003.
9. C. Caloz, H. Okabe, T. Iwai, and T. Itoh, "Transmission line approach of left-handed (LH) materials," in Proc. USNC/URS1 National Radio Science Meeting, San Antonio, TX, June 2002, vol. 1, p. 39.
10. G.V. Eleftheriades, O. Siddiqui, and A.K. Iyer, "Transmission line models for negative refractive index media and associated implementations without excess resonators," IEEE Microwave Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 13, pp. 51-53, Feb. 2003.
11. C. Caloz and T. Itoh, Electromagnetic Metamaterials: Transmission Line Theory and Microwave Applications, New York: Wiley, 2004.
12. G.V. Eleftheriades, A.K. Iyer, and P.C. Kremer, "Planar negative refractive index media using periodically L-C loaded transmission lines," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 50, pp. 2702-2712, Dec. 2002.
13. C. Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, 7th ed. New York: Wiley, 1964.
14. A. Sanada, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "Planar distributed structures with negative refractive properties," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 52, pp. 1252-1263, Apr. 2004.
15. D. Sievenpiper, L. Zhang, F.J. Broas, N.G. Alexopulos, and E. Yablonovitch, "High-impedance electromagnetic surfaces with a forbidden frequency band," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 47, pp. 2059-2074, Nov. 1999.
16. R.E. Collin, Field Theory of Guided Waves, 2nd ed. New York: Wiley-Interscience, 1991.
17. I. Lin, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "A branch-line coupler with two arbitrary operating frequencies using left-handed transmission lines," in IEEE-MTT Int. Symp. Dig., Philadelphia, PA, 2003, vol. 1, pp. 325-327.
18. I. Lin, M. DeVincentis, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "Arbitrary dual-band components using composite right/left-handed transmission lines," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 52, pp. 1142-1149, Apr. 2004.
19. C. Caloz and T. Itoh, "A novel mixed conventional microstrip and composite right/left-handed backward-wave directional coupler with broadband and tight coupling characteristics," IEEE Microwave Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 31-33, Jan. 2004.
20. R. Mongia, I. Bahl, and P. Bhartia, RF and Microwave Coupled-Line Circuits. Norwood, MA: Artech, 1999.
21. C. Caloz, A. Sanada, and T. Itoh, "A novel composite right/left-handed coupled-line directional coupler with arbitrary coupling level and broad bandwidth," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 52, pp. 980-992, Mar. 2004.
22. A. Sanada, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "Zeroth order resonance in composite right/left-handed transmission line resonators," in Proc. Asia-Pacific Microwave Conf., Seoul, Korea, 2003, vol. 3, pp. 1588-1592.
23. H. Okabe, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "A compact enhanced-band-width hybrid ring using an artificial lumped-element left-handed transmission-line section," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 52, pp. 1142-1149, Apr. 2004.
24. C. Caloz, I. Lin, and T. Itoh, "Characteristics and potential applications of nonlinear left-handed transmission lines," Microwave and Optical Tech. Lett., vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 471-473, Mar. 2004.
25. T. Fujishige, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "Experimental demonstration of the ENG-MNG pair resonator in a CRLH transmission line implementation," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., submitted.
26. A. Sanada, M. Kimura, I. Awai, H. Kubo, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "A planar zeroth order resonator antenna using left-handed transmission line, " to be presented at the European Microwave Conf., Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2004.
27. L. Liu, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "Dominant mode (DM) leaky-wave antenna with backfire-to-endfire scanning capability," Electron. Lett., vol. 38, no. 23, pp. 1414-1416, 2000.
28. S. Majumder, D.R. Jackson, A.A. Oliner, and M. Guglielmi, "The nature of the spectral gap for leaky waves on a periodic strip-grating structure," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 45, pp. 2296-2307, Dec. 1997.
29. S. Lim, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "Metamaterial-based electronically controlled transmission line structure as a novel leaky-wave antenna with tunable radiation angle and beamwidth," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., submitted.
30. R.E. Horn, H. Jacobs, E. Freibergs, and K.L. Klohn, "Electronic modulated beam steerable silicon waveguide array antenna," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 28, pp. 647-653, June 1980.
31. H. Maheri, M. Tsutsumi, and N. Kumagi, "Experimental studies of magnetically scannable leaky-wave antennas having a corrugated ferrite slab/dielectric layer structure," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 36, pp. 911-917, July 1988.
32. L. Huang, J. Chiao, and M.P. DeLisio, "An electronically switchable leaky wave antenna," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 48, pp. 1769-1772, Nov. 2000.
33. S. Lim, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "A reflecto-directive system using a composite right/left-handed (CRLH) leaky-wave antenna and heterodyne mixing," IEEE Microwave Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 183-185, Apr. 2004.
34. C. Allen, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "Leaky-waves in a metamaterial-based two-dimensional structure for a conical beam antenna application," presented at the IEEE-MTT Int. Symp., Fort Worth, TX, 2004.
35. A.K. Iyer, P.C. Kremer, and G.V. Eleftheriades, "Experimental and theoretical verification of focusing in large, periodically loaded transmission line negative refractive index metamaterial," Optics Express, vol. 11, no. 7, pp. 696-708, Apr. 2003.
36. J.B. Pendry, "Negative refraction makes a perfect lens," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 85, pp. 3966-3969, Oct. 2000.
37. A. Grbic and G.V. Eleftheriades, "Subwavelength focusing using a negative-refractive-index transmission line lens," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propagat. Lett., vol. 2, no. 13, pp. 186-189, 2003.
38. C. Caloz and T. Itoh, "Positive/negative refractive index anisotropic 2-D metamaterials," IEEE Microwave Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 13, pp. 547-549, Dec. 2003.