메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 67, Issue 12, 2013, Pages 3678-3685

Potential pitfalls of reconstructing deep time evolutionary history with only extant data, a case study using the canidae (mammalia, carnivora)

Author keywords

Ancestral state reconstruction; Body size; Evolutionary rates; Fossils

Indexed keywords

BODY MASS; BODY SIZE; CANID; DATA INTERPRETATION; DATABASE; FOSSIL RECORD; PARAMETERIZATION; PHYLOGENY; RECONSTRUCTION;

EID: 84888843142     PISSN: 00143820     EISSN: 15585646     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/evo.12222     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (35)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 66149085597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fossils provide better estimates of ancestral body size than do extant taxa in fishes
    • Albert, J. S., D. M. Johnson, and J. H. Knouft . 2009. Fossils provide better estimates of ancestral body size than do extant taxa in fishes. Acta Zoologica 90:357-384.
    • (2009) Acta Zoologica , vol.90 , pp. 357-384
    • Albert, J.S.1    Johnson, D.M.2    Knouft, J.H.3
  • 2
    • 0032076637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cope's rule and the dynamics of body mass evolution in North American fossil mammals
    • Alroy, J. 1998. Cope's rule and the dynamics of body mass evolution in North American fossil mammals. Science 280:731-734.
    • (1998) Science , vol.280 , pp. 731-734
    • Alroy, J.1
  • 3
    • 0001238964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the dynamics of trends within evolving lineages
    • Alroy, J.. 2000. Understanding the dynamics of trends within evolving lineages. Paleobiology 26:319-329.
    • (2000) Paleobiology , vol.26 , pp. 319-329
    • Alroy, J.1
  • 4
    • 27744572270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A molecular phylogeny of the Canidae based on six nuclear loci
    • Bardeleben, C., R. L. Moore, and R. K. Wayne . 2005. A molecular phylogeny of the Canidae based on six nuclear loci. Mol. Phyl. Evol. 37:815-831.
    • (2005) Mol. Phyl. Evol. , vol.37 , pp. 815-831
    • Bardeleben, C.1    Moore, R.L.2    Wayne, R.K.3
  • 6
    • 0038325772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing for phylogenetic signal in comparative data: behavioral traits are more labile
    • Blomberg, S. P., J. T. Garland, and A. R. Ives . 2003. Testing for phylogenetic signal in comparative data: behavioral traits are more labile. Evolution 57:717-745.
    • (2003) Evolution , vol.57 , pp. 717-745
    • Blomberg, S.P.1    Garland, J.T.2    Ives, A.R.3
  • 11
    • 29144453246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life history characteristics of placental non-volant mammals
    • Ernest, S. K. M. 2003. Life history characteristics of placental non-volant mammals. Ecology 84:3402.
    • (2003) Ecology , vol.84 , pp. 3402
    • Ernest, S.K.M.1
  • 12
    • 0022203256 scopus 로고
    • Phylogenies and the comparative method
    • Felsenstein, J. 1985. Phylogenies and the comparative method. Am. Nat. 125:1-15.
    • (1985) Am. Nat. , vol.125 , pp. 1-15
    • Felsenstein, J.1
  • 13
    • 36749083518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms behind active trends in body size evolution in the Canidae (Carnivora: Mammalia)
    • Finarelli, J. A. 2007. Mechanisms behind active trends in body size evolution in the Canidae (Carnivora: Mammalia). Am. Nat. 170:876-885.
    • (2007) Am. Nat. , vol.170 , pp. 876-885
    • Finarelli, J.A.1
  • 14
    • 57049153423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hierarchy and the reconstruction of evolutionary trends: evidence for constraints on the evolution of body size in terrestrial caniform carnivorans (Mammalia)
    • Finarelli, J. A.. 2008a. Hierarchy and the reconstruction of evolutionary trends: evidence for constraints on the evolution of body size in terrestrial caniform carnivorans (Mammalia). Paleobiology 34:553-562.
    • (2008) Paleobiology , vol.34 , pp. 553-562
    • Finarelli, J.A.1
  • 15
    • 40349086085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing hypotheses of the evolution of brain-body size scaling in the Canidae (Carnivora, Mammalia)
    • Finarelli, J. A.. 2008b. Testing hypotheses of the evolution of brain-body size scaling in the Canidae (Carnivora, Mammalia). Paleobiology 34:35-45.
    • (2008) Paleobiology , vol.34 , pp. 35-45
    • Finarelli, J.A.1
  • 16
    • 55949119281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A total evidence phylogeny of the Arctoidea (Carnivora: Mammalia): relationships among basal taxa
    • Finarelli, J. A.. 2008c. A total evidence phylogeny of the Arctoidea (Carnivora: Mammalia): relationships among basal taxa. J. Mammalian Evol. 15:231-259.
    • (2008) J. Mammalian Evol. , vol.15 , pp. 231-259
    • Finarelli, J.A.1
  • 17
    • 33744986519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ancestral state reconstruction of body size in the Caniformia (Carnivora, Mammalia): the effects of incorporating data from the fossil record
    • Finarelli, J. A., and J. J. Flynn . 2006. Ancestral state reconstruction of body size in the Caniformia (Carnivora, Mammalia): the effects of incorporating data from the fossil record. Syst. Biol. 55:301-313.
    • (2006) Syst. Biol. , vol.55 , pp. 301-313
    • Finarelli, J.A.1    Flynn, J.J.2
  • 18
    • 67249161870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain size evolution and sociality in Carnivora
    • Finarelli, J. A., and J. J. Flynn . 2009. Brain size evolution and sociality in Carnivora. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 106:9345-9349.
    • (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.106 , pp. 9345-9349
    • Finarelli, J.A.1    Flynn, J.J.2
  • 19
    • 19044400807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular phylogeny of the Carnivora (Mammalia): assessing the impact of increased sampling on resolving enigmatic relationships
    • Flynn, J. J., J. A. Finarelli, S. Zehr, J. Hsu, and M. A. Nedbal . 2005. Molecular phylogeny of the Carnivora (Mammalia): assessing the impact of increased sampling on resolving enigmatic relationships. Syst. Biol. 54:317-337.
    • (2005) Syst. Biol. , vol.54 , pp. 317-337
    • Flynn, J.J.1    Finarelli, J.A.2    Zehr, S.3    Hsu, J.4    Nedbal, M.A.5
  • 20
    • 78649723807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Castoroidea
    • C. M. Janis, G. F. Gunnell, and M. D. Uhen, eds. . Cambridge Univ. Press, New York.
    • Flynn, L. J., and L. L. Jacobs . 2008. Castoroidea. Pp. 391-405 in C. M. Janis, G. F. Gunnell, and M. D. Uhen, eds. The evolution of tertiary mammals of North America. Cambridge Univ. Press, New York.
    • (2008) The evolution of tertiary mammals of North America , pp. 391-405
    • Flynn, L.J.1    Jacobs, L.L.2
  • 21
    • 11944256302 scopus 로고
    • Procedures for the analysis of comparative data using phyogenetically independent contrasts
    • Garland, T., P. H. Harvey, and A. R. Ives . 1992. Procedures for the analysis of comparative data using phyogenetically independent contrasts. Syst. Biol. 41:18-32.
    • (1992) Syst. Biol. , vol.41 , pp. 18-32
    • Garland, T.1    Harvey, P.H.2    Ives, A.R.3
  • 22
    • 33749173265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic systematics and tempo of evolution of the Viverrinae (Mammalia, Carnivora, Viverridae) within feliformians: implications for faunal exchanges between Asia and Africa
    • Gaubert, P., and P. Cordeiro-Estrela . 2006. Phylogenetic systematics and tempo of evolution of the Viverrinae (Mammalia, Carnivora, Viverridae) within feliformians: implications for faunal exchanges between Asia and Africa. Mol. Phyl. Evol. 41:266-278.
    • (2006) Mol. Phyl. Evol. , vol.41 , pp. 266-278
    • Gaubert, P.1    Cordeiro-Estrela, P.2
  • 23
    • 0022840504 scopus 로고
    • Carnivore life history patterns: allometric, phylogenetic, and ecological associations
    • Gittleman, J. L. 1986. Carnivore life history patterns: allometric, phylogenetic, and ecological associations. Am. Nat. 127:744-771.
    • (1986) Am. Nat. , vol.127 , pp. 744-771
    • Gittleman, J.L.1
  • 24
    • 0023781767 scopus 로고
    • Trends as changes in variance-a new slant on progress and directionality in evolution
    • Gould, S. J. 1988. Trends as changes in variance-a new slant on progress and directionality in evolution. Journal of Paleontology 62:319-329.
    • (1988) Journal of Paleontology , vol.62 , pp. 319-329
    • Gould, S.J.1
  • 25
    • 0032025857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is it better to add taxa or characters to a difficult phylogenetic problem?
    • Graybeal, A. 1998. Is it better to add taxa or characters to a difficult phylogenetic problem? Syst. Biol. 47:9-17.
    • (1998) Syst. Biol. , vol.47 , pp. 9-17
    • Graybeal, A.1
  • 26
    • 0030772835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stabilizing selection and the comparative analysis of adaptation
    • Hansen, T. F. 1997. Stabilizing selection and the comparative analysis of adaptation. Evolution 51:1341-1351.
    • (1997) Evolution , vol.51 , pp. 1341-1351
    • Hansen, T.F.1
  • 28
    • 84960586331 scopus 로고
    • When are fossils better than extant taxa in phylogenetic analysis
    • Huelsenbeck, J. P. 1991. When are fossils better than extant taxa in phylogenetic analysis. Syst. Zool. 40:458-469.
    • (1991) Syst. Zool. , vol.40 , pp. 458-469
    • Huelsenbeck, J.P.1
  • 29
    • 33845319763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fitting and comparing models of phyletic evolution: random walks and beyond
    • Hunt, G. 2006. Fitting and comparing models of phyletic evolution: random walks and beyond. Paleobiology 32:578-601.
    • (2006) Paleobiology , vol.32 , pp. 578-601
    • Hunt, G.1
  • 30
    • 36749102083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relative importance of directional change, random walks, and stasis in the evolution of fossil lineages
    • Hunt, G.. 2007. The relative importance of directional change, random walks, and stasis in the evolution of fossil lineages. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 104:18404-18408.
    • (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.104 , pp. 18404-18408
    • Hunt, G.1
  • 31
    • 84868132581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring rates of phenotypic evolution and the inseparability of tempo and mode
    • Hunt, G.. 2012. Measuring rates of phenotypic evolution and the inseparability of tempo and mode. Paleobiology 38:351-373.
    • (2012) Paleobiology , vol.38 , pp. 351-373
    • Hunt, G.1
  • 32
    • 70349119250 scopus 로고
    • Regression and time series model selection in small samples
    • Hurvich, C. M., and C.-L. Tsai . 1989. Regression and time series model selection in small samples. Biometrika 76:297-307.
    • (1989) Biometrika , vol.76 , pp. 297-307
    • Hurvich, C.M.1    Tsai, C.-L.2
  • 33
    • 17744389666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlates of species richness in mammals: body size, life history, and ecology
    • Isaac, N. J. B., K. E. Jones, J. L. Gittleman, and A. Purvis . 2005. Correlates of species richness in mammals: body size, life history, and ecology. Am. Nat. 165:600-607.
    • (2005) Am. Nat. , vol.165 , pp. 600-607
    • Isaac, N.J.B.1    Jones, K.E.2    Gittleman, J.L.3    Purvis, A.4
  • 34
    • 0030621138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body-size evolution in Cretaceous molluscs and the status of Cope's rule
    • Jablonski, D. 1997. Body-size evolution in Cretaceous molluscs and the status of Cope's rule. Nature 385:250-252.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.385 , pp. 250-252
    • Jablonski, D.1
  • 35
    • 50049089066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extinction and the spatial dynamics of biodiversity
    • Jablonski, D.. 2008. Extinction and the spatial dynamics of biodiversity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 105 (Suppl. 1):11528-11535.
    • (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.105 , Issue.1 SUPPL. , pp. 11528-11535
    • Jablonski, D.1
  • 36
    • 0028975577 scopus 로고
    • Selectivity of End-Cretaceous marine bivalve extinctions
    • Jablonski, D., and D. M. Raup . 1995. Selectivity of End-Cretaceous marine bivalve extinctions. Science 268:389-392.
    • (1995) Science , vol.268 , pp. 389-392
    • Jablonski, D.1    Raup, D.M.2
  • 39
    • 0028177080 scopus 로고
    • A simulation comparison of phylogeny algorithms under equal and unequal evolutionary rates
    • Kuhner, M. K., and J. Felsenstein . 1994. A simulation comparison of phylogeny algorithms under equal and unequal evolutionary rates. Mol. Biol. Evol. 11:459-468.
    • (1994) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.11 , pp. 459-468
    • Kuhner, M.K.1    Felsenstein, J.2
  • 41
    • 2642521259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Of mice, mastodons and men: human-mediated extinctions on four continents
    • Lyons, S. K., F. A. Smith, and J. H. Brown . 2004. Of mice, mastodons and men: human-mediated extinctions on four continents. Evol. Ecol. Res. 6:339-358.
    • (2004) Evol. Ecol. Res. , vol.6 , pp. 339-358
    • Lyons, S.K.1    Smith, F.A.2    Brown, J.H.3
  • 42
    • 0028581224 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of large-scale evolutionary trends
    • McShea, D. W. 1994. Mechanisms of large-scale evolutionary trends. Evolution 48:1747-1763.
    • (1994) Evolution , vol.48 , pp. 1747-1763
    • McShea, D.W.1
  • 44
    • 77955932544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Little evidence for Cope's rule from Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of extant mammals
    • Monroe, M. J., and F. Bokma . 2010. Little evidence for Cope's rule from Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of extant mammals. J. Evol. Biol. 23:2017-2021.
    • (2010) J. Evol. Biol. , vol.23 , pp. 2017-2021
    • Monroe, M.J.1    Bokma, F.2
  • 45
    • 84857422378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Updating the evolutionary history of Carnivora (Mammalia): a new species-level supertree complete with divergence time estimates
    • Nyakatura, K., and O. R. P. Bininda-Emonds . 2012. Updating the evolutionary history of Carnivora (Mammalia): a new species-level supertree complete with divergence time estimates. BMC Biol. 10:1-31.
    • (2012) BMC Biol. , vol.10 , pp. 1-31
    • Nyakatura, K.1    Bininda-Emonds, O.R.P.2
  • 46
    • 0034061046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Independent contrasts succeed where ancestor reconstruction fails in a known bacteriophage phylogeny
    • Oakley, T. H., and C. W. Cunningham . 2000. Independent contrasts succeed where ancestor reconstruction fails in a known bacteriophage phylogeny. Evolution 54:397-405.
    • (2000) Evolution , vol.54 , pp. 397-405
    • Oakley, T.H.1    Cunningham, C.W.2
  • 47
    • 0034970707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paleontology and the comparative method: ancestral node reconstructions versus observed node values
    • Polly, P. D. 2001. Paleontology and the comparative method: ancestral node reconstructions versus observed node values. Am. Nat. 157:596-609.
    • (2001) Am. Nat. , vol.157 , pp. 596-609
    • Polly, P.D.1
  • 48
    • 0035727787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The description and classification of evolutionary mode: a computational approach
    • Roopnarine, P. D. 2001. The description and classification of evolutionary mode: a computational approach. Paleobiology 27:446-465.
    • (2001) Paleobiology , vol.27 , pp. 446-465
    • Roopnarine, P.D.1
  • 50
    • 33748275455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary patterns in early tetrapods. I. Rapid initial diversification followed by decrease in rates of character change
    • Ruta, M., P. J. Wagner, and M. I. Coates . 2006. Evolutionary patterns in early tetrapods. I. Rapid initial diversification followed by decrease in rates of character change. Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. 273:2107-2111.
    • (2006) Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. , vol.273 , pp. 2107-2111
    • Ruta, M.1    Wagner, P.J.2    Coates, M.I.3
  • 52
    • 84870542995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating fossils with molecular phylogenies improves inference of trait evolution
    • Slater, G. J., L. J. Harmon, and M. E. Alfaro . 2012. Integrating fossils with molecular phylogenies improves inference of trait evolution. Evolution 66:3931-3944.
    • (2012) Evolution , vol.66 , pp. 3931-3944
    • Slater, G.J.1    Harmon, L.J.2    Alfaro, M.E.3
  • 53
    • 84868107462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative analyses of evolutionary rates reveal different pathways to encephalization in bats, carnivorans, and primates
    • Smaers, J. B., D. K. N. Dechmann, A. Goswami, C. Soligo, and K. Safi . 2012. Comparative analyses of evolutionary rates reveal different pathways to encephalization in bats, carnivorans, and primates. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 109:18006-18011.
    • (2012) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.109 , pp. 18006-18011
    • Smaers, J.B.1    Dechmann, D.K.N.2    Goswami, A.3    Soligo, C.4    Safi, K.5
  • 55
    • 47749092441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some problems with assessing Cope's Rule
    • Solow, A. R., and S. C. Wang . 2008. Some problems with assessing Cope's Rule. Evolution 62:2092-2096.
    • (2008) Evolution , vol.62 , pp. 2092-2096
    • Solow, A.R.1    Wang, S.C.2
  • 56
    • 84859984927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rise of dinosaurs reveals major body-size transitions are driven by passive processes of trait evolution
    • Sookias, R. B., R. J. Butler, and R. B. J. Benson . 2012. Rise of dinosaurs reveals major body-size transitions are driven by passive processes of trait evolution. Proc. R. Soc. B: Biol. Sci. 279:2180-2187.
    • (2012) Proc. R. Soc. B: Biol. Sci. , vol.279 , pp. 2180-2187
    • Sookias, R.B.1    Butler, R.J.2    Benson, R.B.J.3
  • 57
    • 0015700356 scopus 로고
    • An explanation for Cope's rule
    • Stanley, S. M. 1973. An explanation for Cope's rule. Evolution 27:1-26.
    • (1973) Evolution , vol.27 , pp. 1-26
    • Stanley, S.M.1
  • 58
    • 0001954170 scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny of the Caninae (Carnivora: Canidae): the living taxa
    • Tedford, R. H., B. E. Taylor, and X. M. Wang . 1995. Phylogeny of the Caninae (Carnivora: Canidae): the living taxa. Am. Mus. Nov. 3146:1-37.
    • (1995) Am. Mus. Nov. , vol.3146 , pp. 1-37
    • Tedford, R.H.1    Taylor, B.E.2    Wang, X.M.3
  • 59
    • 70949103257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic systematics of the North American fossil Caninae (Carnivora, Canidae)
    • Tedford, R. H., X. Wang, and B. E. Taylor . 2009. Phylogenetic systematics of the North American fossil Caninae (Carnivora, Canidae). Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 325:1-218.
    • (2009) Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. , vol.325 , pp. 1-218
    • Tedford, R.H.1    Wang, X.2    Taylor, B.E.3
  • 60
    • 6044264776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cope 's Rule, hypercarnivory, and extinction in North American canids
    • Van Valkenburgh, B., X. M. Wang, and J. Damuth . 2004. Cope 's Rule, hypercarnivory, and extinction in North American canids. Science 306:101-104.
    • (2004) Science , vol.306 , pp. 101-104
    • Van Valkenburgh, B.1    Wang, X.M.2    Damuth, J.3
  • 61
    • 81555202533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple routes to mammalian diversity
    • Venditti, C., A. Meade, and M. Pagel . 2011. Multiple routes to mammalian diversity. Nature 479:393-396.
    • (2011) Nature , vol.479 , pp. 393-396
    • Venditti, C.1    Meade, A.2    Pagel, M.3
  • 62
    • 0029663584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrasting the underlying patterns of active trends in morphologic evolution
    • Wagner, P. J. 1996. Contrasting the underlying patterns of active trends in morphologic evolution. Evolution 50:990-1007.
    • (1996) Evolution , vol.50 , pp. 990-1007
    • Wagner, P.J.1
  • 63
    • 0032408552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A likelihood approach for evaluating estimates of phylogenetic relationships among fossil taxa
    • Wagner, P. J.. 1998. A likelihood approach for evaluating estimates of phylogenetic relationships among fossil taxa. Paleobiology 24:430-449.
    • (1998) Paleobiology , vol.24 , pp. 430-449
    • Wagner, P.J.1
  • 64
    • 0034350367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The quality of the fossil record and the accuracy of phylogenetic inferences about sampling and diversity
    • Wagner, P. J.. 2000. The quality of the fossil record and the accuracy of phylogenetic inferences about sampling and diversity. Syst. Biol. 49:65-86.
    • (2000) Syst. Biol. , vol.49 , pp. 65-86
    • Wagner, P.J.1
  • 65
    • 33751565775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abundance distributions imply elevated complexity of post-Paleozoic marine ecosystems
    • Wagner, P. J., M. A. Kosnik, and S. Lidgard . 2006. Abundance distributions imply elevated complexity of post-Paleozoic marine ecosystems. Science 314:1289-1292.
    • (2006) Science , vol.314 , pp. 1289-1292
    • Wagner, P.J.1    Kosnik, M.A.2    Lidgard, S.3
  • 66
    • 21344459004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accounting for unequal variances in evolutionary trend mechanisms
    • Wang, S. C. 2005. Accounting for unequal variances in evolutionary trend mechanisms. Paleobiology 31:191-198.
    • (2005) Paleobiology , vol.31 , pp. 191-198
    • Wang, S.C.1
  • 68
    • 0002746772 scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic systematics of the Hesperocyoninae (Carnivora: Canidae)
    • Wang, X. M. 1994. Phylogenetic systematics of the Hesperocyoninae (Carnivora: Canidae). Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 221:1-207.
    • (1994) Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. , vol.221 , pp. 1-207
    • Wang, X.M.1
  • 69
    • 0033579098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae (Carnivora: Canidae)
    • Wang, X. M., R. H. Tedford, and B. E. Taylor . 1999. Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae (Carnivora: Canidae). Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 243:1-391.
    • (1999) Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. , vol.243 , pp. 1-391
    • Wang, X.M.1    Tedford, R.H.2    Taylor, B.E.3
  • 70
    • 79951575051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic Utility of Nuclear Introns in Interfamilial Relationships of Caniformia (Order Carnivora)
    • Yu, L., P. T. Luan, W. Jin, O. A. Ryder, L. G. Chemnick, H. A. Davis, and Y. P. Zhang . 2011. Phylogenetic Utility of Nuclear Introns in Interfamilial Relationships of Caniformia (Order Carnivora). Syst. Biol. 60:175-187.
    • (2011) Syst. Biol. , vol.60 , pp. 175-187
    • Yu, L.1    Luan, P.T.2    Jin, W.3    Ryder, O.A.4    Chemnick, L.G.5    Davis, H.A.6    Zhang, Y.P.7


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.