A case study of landfill workers exposure and dose to particulate matter-bound metals

Water, Air, and Soil Pollution

Volumn 225, Issue 1, 2014, Pages

  Chalvatzaki, E ^a   Aleksandropoulou, V ^a   Lazaridis, M ^a  

^a TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF CRETE   (Greece)

Author keywords

Dose; Exposure; Landfill site; Landfill workers; Particulatematter boundmetals; PBPK model

Indexed keywords

DOSE; EXPOSURE; HUMAN RESPIRATORY TRACT; LANDFILL SITE; OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATIONS; PARTICULATEMATTER-BOUNDMETALS; PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMITS; PHYSIOLOGICALLY BASED PHARMACOKINETIC MODELS;

BLOOD; CADMIUM; DUST; ESTIMATION; HISTOLOGY; LEAD; METALS; MUSCLE; PHYSIOLOGICAL MODELS; REFUSE COMPOSTING; ROADS AND STREETS;

LAND FILL;

ARSENIC TRIOXIDE; CADMIUM; HEAVY METAL; LEAD;

BIOACCUMULATION; HEALTH RISK; LANDFILL; METAL; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PARTICULATE MATTER;

AIRBORNE PARTICLE; ARTICLE; BIOACCUMULATION; BLOOD; BONE; CASE STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DUST; ELECTRIC BATTERY; EXHAUST GAS; GREECE; INDUSTRIAL WORKER; LANDFILL; LIVER; LUNG; MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE DOSE; MUSCLE; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; OCCUPATIONAL HAZARD; PARTICLE RESUSPENSION; PARTICULATE MATTER; SLUDGE;

AEGEAN ISLANDS; CANEA; CRETE [GREECE]; GREECE;

EID: 84888777673     PISSN: 00496979     EISSN: 15732932     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11270-013-1782-z     Document Type: Article

References (84)

1. Agrafioti, E., Bouras, G., Kalderis, D., & Diamantopoulos, E. (2012). Sewage sludge as a precursor for biochar production. Proceedings of HazWasteManagement, 2012, S25.1.
2. Aleksandropoulou, V., & Lazaridis, M. (2013). Development and application of a model (ExDoM) for calculating the respiratory tract dose and retention of particles under variable exposure conditions. Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health, 6, 13-26.
3. Allen, A. G., Nemitz, E., Shi, J. P., Harrison, R.M.,&Greenwood, J. C. (2001). Size distributions of trace metals in atmospheric aerosols in the United Kingdom. Atmospheric Environment, 35, 4581-4591.
4. Alvarez, F. F., Rodriguez, M. T., Espinosa, A. J. F., & Daban, A. G. (2004). Physical speciation of arsenic, mercury, lead, cadmium and nickel in inhalable atmospheric particles. Analytica Chimica Acta, 524, 33-40.
5. ATSDR (2007a) Toxicological profile for arsenic. Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry, Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine/Applied Toxicology Branch. Atlanta, Georgia. http://www.atsdr.cdc. gov/ToxProfiles/tp2.pdf. Accessed 2 April 2012.
6. ATSDR (2007b) Toxicological profile for lead. Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry, Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine/Applied Toxicology Branch. Atlanta, Georgia. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp13. pdf. Accessed 12 October 2012.
7. Ayanda, O. S., Fatoki, O. S., Adekola, F. H., & Ximba, B. J. (2012). Characterization of fly ash generated from Matla power station in Mpumalanga South Africa. E-J Chem, 9, 1788-1795.
8. Beckett, W. S., Moore, J. L., Keogh, J. P., & Blecker, M. (1986). Acute encephalopathy due to occupational exposure to arsenic. British Journal Indian Medicine, 43, 66-67. (Pubitemid 16212624)
9. Bradshaw-Pierce, E. L., Eckhardt, S. G., & Gustafson, D. L. (2007). A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of docetaxel disposition: from mouse to man. Clinical Cancer Research, 13, 2768-2776. (Pubitemid 46788046)
10. Brima, E. I., Haris, P. I., Jenkins, R. O., Polya, D. A., Gault, A. G., & Harrington, C. F. (2006). Understanding arsenic metabolism through a comparative study of arsenic level in the urine, hair and fingernails of healthy volunteers from three unexposed ethnic group in the United Kingdom. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 216, 112-130.
11. Burnley, S. J. (2007). A review of municipal solid waste composition in the United Kingdom. Waste Management, 27, 1274-1285. (Pubitemid 47102597)
12. Chalvatzaki, E., Kopanakis, I., Kontaksakis, M., Glytsos, T., Kalogerakis, N., & Lazaridis, M. (2010). Measurements of particulate matter concentrations at a landfill site (Crete, Greece). Waste Management, 11, 2058-2064.
13. Chalvatzaki, E., & Lazaridis, M. (2010). Assessment of air pollutant emissions from the Akrotiri landfill site (Chania, Greece). Waste Manage Res, 28, 778-788.
14. Chalvatzaki, E., Aleksandropoulou, V., Glytsos, T., & Lazaridis, M. (2012). The effect of dust emissions from open storage piles to particle ambient concentration and human exposure. Waste Management, 32, 2456-2468.
15. Chen, B. C., Chou, W. C., Chen, W. Y., & Liao, C. M. (2010). Assessing the cancer risk associated with arsenic-contaminated seafood. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 181, 161-169.
16. Chen, C. J., Chiou, H. Y., Huang,W. I., Chen, S. Y., Hsueh, Y.M., Tseng, C. H., et al. (1997). Systemic noncarcinogenic effects and developmental toxicity of inorganic arsenic. In C. O. Abernathy, R. L. Calderon, & W. R. Chappell (Eds.), Arsenic: exposure and health effects (pp. 124-134). London: Chapman & Hall.
17. Chen, H., Yan, S. H., Ye, Z. L., Meng, H. J., & Zhu, Y. G. (2012). Utilization of urban sewage sludge: Chinese perspectives. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 19, 1454-1463.
18. Chen, H. W. (2007). Exposure and health risk of gallium, indium and arsenic from semiconductor manufacturing industry workers. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 78, 5-9. (Pubitemid 46833063)
19. Chou, W. C., Chio, C. O., & Liao, C. M. (2009). Assessing airborne PM-bound arsenic exposure risk in semiconductor manufacturing facilities. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167, 976-986.
20. Christoforidis, A.,&Stamatis, N. (2009). Heavy metal contamination in street dust and roadside soil along the major national road in Kavala's region, Greece. Geoderma, 151, 257-263.
21. Csavina, J., Landázuri, A., Wonaschütz, A., Rine, K., Rheinheimer, P., Barbaris, B., et al. (2011). Metal and metalloid contaminants in atmospheric aerosols from mining operations. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 221, 145-157.
22. Directive 1999/30/EC of 22 April 1999 relating to limit values for sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxides of nitrogen, particulatematter and lead in ambient air (1999)OJ L 163: 41-60.
23. Directive 2004/107/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2004 relating to arsenic, cadmium, mercury, nickel and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air (2005) OJ L 23: 3-16.
24. Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe (2008) OJ L 152: 1-44.
25. EC (2000) Air pollution by As, Cd and Ni compounds. Working Group on As, Cd and Ni compounds. Position Paper, Final Version, DG Environment, p 361.
26. EPA. (1989). Characterization of products containing lead and cadmium in municipal solid waste in the United States, 1970 to 2000. Report EPA/530-SW-89-015B. Washington DC: Office of Solid Waste.
27. EPA (2004) Air quality criteria for particulate matter. Reports EPA/600/P-99/002aF and bF, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC.
28. Espinosa, A. J. F., Rodriguez, M. T., Rosa, F. J. B., & Sanchez, J. C. J. (2001). Size distribution of metals in urban aerosols in Seville (Spain). Atmospheric Environment, 35, 2595-2601. (Pubitemid 32280226)
29. FAO/WHO (1999) Codex Alimentarious Commission. Draft maximum levels for lead. CX/FAC 00/24. Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme Codex Committee on Food Additives and Contaminants. http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/ v44jec12.htm.Accessed 7 June 2013.
30. Fitz, D. R., & Bumiller, K. (2000). Evaluation of watering to control dust in high winds. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 50, 570-577. (Pubitemid 30396753)
31. Gamaletsos, P.,Godelitsas,A.,Dotsika, E., Tzamos, E.,Göttlicher, J., & Filippidis, A. (2013). Geological sources of As in the environment ofGreece: a review. In A. Scozzari&E.Dotsika (Eds.), Threats to the quality of groundwater resources: prevention and control. The handbook of environmental chemistry. Berlin: Springer. doi:10.1007/698-2013-230.
32. H.M.E.C.C. (2012) Hellenic Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change Annual Report on Air pollution 2011. http://www.ypeka.gr/Default.aspx? tabid=490&language=el-GR. Accessed 7 June 2013.
33. Han, S., Youn, J. S., & Jung, Y. W. (2011). Characterization of PM10 and PM25 source profiles for resuspended road dust collected using mobile sampling methodology. Atmospheric Environment, 45, 3343-3351.
34. Herner, J. D.,Green, P.G., & Kleeman, M. J. (2006). Measuring the trace elemental composition of size-resolved airborne particles. Environmental Science and Technology, 40, 1925-1933.
35. Hutton, M., & Symon, C. (1986). The quantities of cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic entering the UK environment from human activities. The Science of the Total Environment, 57, 129-150.
36. IARC (2013) Agents classified by the IARC monographs, Volumes 1-107. http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php. Accessed 7 June 2013.
37. ICRP (1994a) Human respiratory tract model for radiological protection. ICRP Publication 66. Pergamon, Oxford.
38. ICRP (1994b) Dose coefficients for intake of radionuclides by workers. ICRP Publication 68. Pergamon, Oxford.
39. ICRP (2003) Human basic anatomical and physiological data for use in radiological protection: reference values. ICRP Publication 89. Pergamon, Oxford.
40. Infante, R., & Acosta, I. L. (1991). Size distribution of tracemetals in Ponce, Puerto Rico air particulate matter. Atmospheric Environment, 25, 121-131.
41. Karanasiou, A. A., Sitaras, I. E., Siskos, P. A., & Eleftheriadis, K. (2007). Size distribution and sources of trace metals and nalkanes in the Athens urban aerosol during summer. Atmospheric Environment, 41, 2368-2381. (Pubitemid 46275508)
42. Kjellstrom, T., & Nordberg, G. F. (1978). A kinetic model of cadmium metabolism in the human being. Environmental Research, 16, 248-269. (Pubitemid 8369435)
43. Kopanakis, I., Eleftheriadis, K., Mihalopoulos, N., Lydakis-Simantiris, N., Katsivela, E., Pentari, D., et al. (2012). Physico-chemical characteristics of particulate matter in the Eastern Mediterranean. Atmospheric Research, 106, 93-107.
44. Koshy, L., Jones, T., & Berube, K. (2009). Characterization and bioreactivity of respirable airborne particles from a municipal landfill. Biomarkers, 14(S1), 49-53.
45. Lazaridis, M.,Dzumbova, L., Kopanakis, I.,Ondracek, J., Glytsos, T., Aleksandropoulou, V., et al. (2008). PM10 and PM25 levels in the Eastren Meditteranean (Akrotiri Reasearch station, Crete, Greece). Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 189, 85-101.
46. Leggett, R. W. (1993). An age-specific kinetic model of lead metabolism in humans. Environmental Health Perspectives, 101, 598-616.
47. Lenz, T. L. (2010). Pharmacokinetic drug interactions with physical activity. Pharmacy review. Am J Lifestyle Med, 4, 226-229.
48. Liao, C. M., Lin, T. L., & Chen, S. C. (2008). AWeibull-PBPK model for assessing risk of arsenic related children skin lesions. The Science of the Total Environment, 392, 203-217.
49. Lubin, J., Pottern, L., Stone, B., & Fraumeni, J. (2000). Respiratory cancer in a cohort of copper smelter workers: results from more than 50 years of follow-up. American Journal of Epidemiology, 151, 554-565. (Pubitemid 30463600)
50. Manalis, N., Grivas, G., Protonotarios, V., Moutsatsou, A., Samara, C., & Chaloulakou, A. (2005). Toxic metal content of particulate matter (PM10), within the greater area of Athens. Chemosphere, 60, 557-566. (Pubitemid 40798439)
51. Myrkou K., Gidarakos E. (2006) Evolution of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of solid waste in Chania Prefecture (In Greek). Technical University of Crete, Department of Environmental Engineering. Dissertation DT2006-0108, Central Library of the Technical University of Crete.
52. Nazir, R., Shaheen, N., & Shah, M. H. (2011). Indoor/outdoor relationship of trace metals in the atmospheric particulate matter of an industrial area. Atmospheric Research, 101, 765-772.
53. O'Flaherty, E. J. (1993). Physiologically based models for boneseeking elements: IV Kinetics of lead disposition in humans. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 118, 16-29. (Pubitemid 23069431)
54. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Occupational Safety and Health Administration. 29CFR1910. https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/ owastand.display-standard-group?p-Toc-level=1&p-part-number=1910.
55. Paoli, L., Corsini, A., Bigagli, V., Vannini, J., Bruskoli, C., & Loppi, S. (2012). Long-Term biological monitoring of environmental quality around a solid waste landfill assessed with lichens. Environmental Pollution, 161, 70-75.
56. Park, K., & Dam, H. U. (2010). Characterization of metal aerosols in PM10 from urban, industrial, and Asian Dust sources. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 160, 289-300.
57. Poulsen, O. M., Breum, N. O., Ebbehoj, N., Hansen,M., Ivens, U. I., Van Lelieveld, D., et al. (1995). Collection of domestic waste. Review of occupational health problems and their possible causes. The Science of the Total Environment, 170, 1-19.
58. Protonotarios, V., Petsas, N., & Moutsatsou, A. (2002). Levels and composition of atmospheric particulates (PM10) in a miningindustrial site in the city of Lavrion, Greece. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 52(11), 1263-1273. (Pubitemid 35402043)
59. Richaud, R., Lachas, H., Lazaro, M.-J., Clarke, L. J., Jarvis, K. E., Herod, A. A., et al. (2000). Trace elements in coal derived liquids: analysis by ICP-MS and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Fuel, 79, 57-67. (Pubitemid 32872063)
60. Rodas, D. S., Campa, A. S., Oliveira, V., & Rosa, J. (2012). Health implications of the distribution of arsenic species in airborne particulate matter. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 108, 112-114.
61. Samara, C., & Voutsa, D. (2005). Size distribution of airborne particulatematter and associated heavymetals in the roadside environment. Chemosphere, 59, 1197-1206.
62. Sánchez-Rodas, D., Sánchez de la Campa, A.M., de la Rosa, J. D., Oliveira, V., Gómez-Ariza, J. L., Querol, X., et al. (2007). Arsenic speciation of atmospheric particulate matter (PM10) in an industrialised urban site in southwestern Spain. Chemosphere, 66, 1485-1493. (Pubitemid 44879583)
63. Sasso, A. F., Isukapalli, S. S., & Georgopoulos, P. G. (2010). A generalized physiologically-based toxicokinetic modeling system for chemical mixtures containing metals. Theor Biol Med Modell, 7, 1-17.
64. Serbula, S. M., Antonijevic, M. M., Milosevic, N. M., Milic, S. M., & Ilic, A. A. (2010). Concentrations of particulate matter and arsenic in Bor (Serbia). Journal of Hazardous Materials, 181, 43-51.
65. Sharma,M., Maheshwari,M.,&Morisawa, S. (2005). Dietary and inhalation intake of lead and estimation of blood lead levels in adults and children in Kanpur, India. Risk Analysis, 25, 1573-1588. (Pubitemid 43188423)
66. Slejkovec, Z., Salma, I., van Elteren, J. T., & Zemplén-Papp, E. (2000). Speciation of arsenic in coarse and fine urban aerosols using sequential extraction combined with liquid chromatography and atomic fluorescence detection. Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 366(8), 830-834.
67. Theodosi, C., Grivas, G., Zarmpas, P., Chaoulakou, A., & Mihalopoulos, N. (2011). Mass and chemical composition of size-segregated aerosols (PM1, PM2.5, PM10) overAthens, Greece: local versus regional sources. Atmos Chem Phys Discuss, 11, 7569-7691.
68. Tsamoutsoglou C. (2008) Determination of parameters and heavy metals in compost material of the municipal solid waste recycling and composting facility (MSWRCF) in Chania. Technological Institute of Crete (In Greek).
69. TSI (2003) Model 8520 DustTRAK Aerosol Monitor Operation and Service Manual.
70. Tsopelas, F., Tsakanika, L. A., & Ochsenkühn-Petropoulou, M. (2008). Extraction of arsenic species from airborne particulate filters-Application to an industrial area of Greece. Microchemical Journal, 89(2), 165-170.
71. Vassilakos, C., Verosb, D., Michopoulosa, J., Maggosa, T., & O'Connorc, C. M. (2007). Estimation of selected heavy metals and arsenic in PM10 aerosols in the ambient air of the Greater Athens Area, Greece. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 140, 389-398. (Pubitemid 46239944)
72. Veeken, A., & Hamelers, B. (2002). Sources of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in biowaste. The Science of the Total Environment, 300, 87-98. (Pubitemid 35430172)
73. Vega, E., Mugica, V., Reyes, E., Sanchez, G., Chow, J. C., & Watson, J. G. (2001). Chemical composition of fugitive dust emitters in Mexico City. Atmospheric Environment, 35, 4033-4039. (Pubitemid 32611728)
74. Vicente, A. B., Sanfeliu, T., & Jordan, M. M. (2012). Assessment of PM10 pollution episodes in a ceramic cluster (NE Spain): proposal of a new quality index for PM10, As, Cd, Ni and Pb. Journal of Environmental Management, 108, 92-101.
75. Vincent, J. H., & Mark, D. (1982). Application of Blunt sampler theory for the definition and measurement of inhalable dust. The Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 26, 3-19. (Pubitemid 13232217)
76. Wang, G., & Fowler, B. A. (2008). Roles of biomarkers in evaluating interactions among mixtures of lead, cadmium and arsenic. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 233, 92-99.
77. Wang, X., Sato, T., & Xing, B. (2006). Size distribution and anthropogenic sources apportionment of airborne trace metals in Kanazawa, Japan. Chemosphere, 65, 2440-2448. (Pubitemid 44751813)
78. WHO (1992) International Programme on Chemical Safety, Environmental Health Criteria 134, Cadmium. Geneva. http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ ehc134.htm. Accessed 7 June 2013.
79. WHO. (1993). Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants, Forty-first report of Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. World Health Organization Technical Report Series, 837, 1-53.
80. WHO. (2000). Air quality guidelines for Europe. 2nd edn. Copenhagen, Denmark: WHO Regional Publications, Regional Office for Europe.
81. WHO. (2006). Air quality guidelines for particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide, global update 2005, summary of risk assessment. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/SDE/PHE/OEH/06.02.
82. Yang, Y., Xu, X., & Georgopoulos, P. G. (2010). A Bayesian population PBPK model for multiroute chloroform exposure. J Exposure Sci Environ Epidemiol, 20(4), 326-341.
83. Yu, D. (1999). A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of inorganic arsenic. Regul Toxicol Pharm, 29, 128-141. (Pubitemid 29262044)
84. Zhang, Q., Canagaratna,M. R., Jayne, J. T.,Worsnop, D. R., Jimenez, J. L. (2005) Time and size-resolved chemical composition of submicron particles in Pittsburg-implications for aerosol sources and processes. J Geophys Res D: Atmos 110: D07S09