The association of sleep and pain: An update and a path forward

Journal of Pain

Volumn 14, Issue 12, 2013, Pages 1539-1552

  Finan, Patrick H ^a   Goodin, Burel R ^b,c   Smith, Michael T ^a  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM   (United States)

Author keywords

Chronic pain; insomnia; longitudinal; sleep; sleep deprivation

Indexed keywords

ABDOMINAL PAIN; ACTIMETRY; ARTHRALGIA; BACKACHE; BURN; CHRONIC PAIN; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE EXACERBATION; FIBROMYALGIA; HEADACHE; HUMAN; HYPERALGESIA; INSOMNIA; MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN; NOCICEPTION; PAIN; REM SLEEP; REVIEW; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SLEEP; SLEEP DEPRIVATION; SLEEP DISORDER; SLEEP QUALITY; SLEEP TIME; SLOW WAVE SLEEP; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

CHRONIC PAIN; INSOMNIA; LONGITUDINAL; SLEEP; SLEEP DEPRIVATION;

HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; PAIN; PAIN MANAGEMENT; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SLEEP; SLEEP DISORDERS;

EID: 84888613398     PISSN: 15265900     EISSN: 15288447     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2013.08.007     Document Type: Review

References (135)

1. G. Affleck, S. Urrows, H. Tennen, P. Higgins, and M. Abeles Sequential daily relations of sleep, pain intensity, and attention to pain among women with fibromyalgia Pain 68 1996 363 368 (Pubitemid 27025895)
2. T. Arima, P. Svensson, C. Rasmussen, K.D. Nielsen, A.M. Drewes, and L. Arendt-Nielsen The relationship between selective sleep deprivation, nocturnal jaw-muscle activity and pain in healthy men J Oral Rehabil 28 2001 140 148 (Pubitemid 33755246)
3. M.J. Bannon, and R.H. Roth Pharmacology of mesocortical dopamine neurons Pharm Rev 35 1983 68
4. L.F. Barrett Discrete emotions or dimensions? The role of valence focus and arousal focus Cogn Emotion 12 1998 579 599 (Pubitemid 128467539)
5. A.I. Basbaum, and H.L. Fields Endogenous pain control systems: Brainstem spinal pathways and endorphin circuitry Annu Rev Neurosci 7 1984 309 338 (Pubitemid 14155301)
6. P. Beaulieu, and J. Walczak Pharmacological management of sleep and pain interactions G. Lavigne, B.I. Sessle, M. Choiniere, P.I. Soja, Sleep and Pain 2007 IASP Press Seattle, WA 391 416
7. 11C]-carfentanil and positron emission tomography (PET) Pain 99 2002 589 598 (Pubitemid 35284289)
8. S.M. Bigatti, A.M. Hernandez, T.A. Cronan, and K.L. Rand Sleep disturbances in fibromyalgia syndrome: Relationship to pain and depression Arthritis Rheum 59 2008 961 967 (Pubitemid 351990992)
9. H.F. Boardman, E. Thomas, D.S. Millson, and P.R. Croft Psychological, sleep, lifestyle, and comorbid associations with headache Headache 45 2005 657 669 (Pubitemid 40798687)
10. H.F. Boardman, E. Thomas, D.S. Millson, and P.R. Croft The natural history of headache: Predictors of onset and recovery Cephalalgia 26 2006 1080 1088 (Pubitemid 44199399)
11. A.J. Bouckoms, W.H. Sweet, C. Poletti, P. Lavori, D. Carr, W. Matson, P. Gamache, and N. Aronin Monoamines in the brain cerebrospinal fluid of facial pain patients Anesth Prog 39 1992 201 208
12. M.H. Bromberg, K.M. Gil, and L.E. Schanberg Daily sleep quality and mood as predictors of pain in children with juvenile polyarticular arthritis Health Psychol 31 2012 202
13. L.F. Buenaver, P.J. Quartana, E.G. Grace, E. Sarlani, M. Simango, R.R. Edwards, J.A. Haythornthwaite, and M.T. Smith Evidence for indirect effects of pain catastrophizing on clinical pain among myofascial temporomandibular disorder participants: The mediating role of sleep disturbance Pain 153 2012 1159 1166
14. V. Busch, J. Haas, T. Cronlein, C. Pieh, P. Geisler, G. Hajak, and P. Eichhammer Sleep deprivation in chronic somatoform pain-effects on mood and pain regulation Psychiatry Res 195 2012 134 143
15. D.J. Buysse, A. Germain, M.L. Hall, D.E. Moul, E.A. Nofzinger, A. Begley, C.L. Ehlers, W. Thompson, and D.J. Kupfer EEG spectral analysis in primary insomnia: NREM period effects and sex differences Sleep 31 2008 1673
16. K.F. Chung, and K.C. Tso Relationship between insomnia and pain in major depressive disorder: A sleep diary and actigraphy study Sleep Med 11 2010 752 758
17. K.A. Davies, G.J. Macfarlane, B.I. Nicholl, C. Dickens, R. Morriss, D. Ray, and J. McBeth Restorative sleep predicts the resolution of chronic widespread pain: Results from the EPIFUND study Rheumatology (Oxford) 47 2008 1809 1813
18. M. Davies, S. Brophy, R. Williams, and A. Taylor The prevalence, severity, and impact of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes Diabetes Care 29 2006 1518 1522 (Pubitemid 44127574)
19. G.C. Desjardins, J.R. Brawer, and A. Beaudet Distribution of mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors in the hypothalamus of the rat Brain Res 536 1990 114 123
20. A.G. Doufas, O.A. Panagiotou, and J.P. Ioannidis Concordance of sleep and pain outcomes of diverse interventions: An umbrella review PloS One 7 2012 e40891
21. A.M. Drewes, K.D. Nielsen, B. Hansen, S.J. Taagholt, K. Bjerregard, and L. Svendsen A longitudinal study of clinical symptoms and sleep parameters in rheumatoid arthritis Rheumatology (Oxford) 39 2000 1287 1289
22. A. Drewes, P. Rossel, L. Arendt-Nielsen, K.D. Nielsen, L.M. Hansen, L. Birket-Smith, and K. Stengaard-Pedersen Sleepiness does not modulate experimental joint pain in healthy volunteers Scand J Rheumatol 26 1997 399 400
23. H.H. Durrence, and K.L. Lichstein The sleep of African Americans: A comparative review Behav Sleep Med 4 2006 29 44
24. J.M. Dzierzewski, J.M. Williams, D. Roditi, M. Marsiske, K. McCoy, J. McNamara, N. Dautovich, M.E. Robinson, and C.S. McCrae Daily variations in objective nighttime sleep and subjective morning pain in older adults with insomnia: Evidence of covariation over time J Am Geriatr Soc 58 2010 925 930
25. K. Dzirasa, S. Ribeiro, R. Costa, L.M. Santos, S.C. Lin, A. Grosmark, T.D. Sotnikova, R.R. Gainetdinov, M.G. Caron, and M.A. Nicolelis Dopaminergic control of sleep and wake states J Neurosci 26 2006 10577 10589 (Pubitemid 44564610)
26. J.D. Edinger, W.K. Wohlgemuth, R.A. Radtke, G.R. Marsh, and R.E. Quillian Cognitive behavioral therapy for treatment of chronic primary insomnia: A randomized controlled trial JAMA 285 2001 1856 1864 (Pubitemid 32289153)
27. C.L. Edwards, R.B. Fillingim, and F. Keefe Race, ethnicity and pain Pain 94 2001 133 137 (Pubitemid 33016606)
28. R.R. Edwards, E. Grace, S. Peterson, B. Klick, J.A. Haythornthwaite, and M.T. Smith Sleep continuity and architecture: Associations with pain-inhibitory processes in patients with temporomandibular joint disorder Eur J Pain 13 2009 1043 1047
29. R.R. Edwards, D.M. Almeida, B. Klick, J.A. Haythornthwaite, and M.T. Smith Duration of sleep contributes to next-day pain report in the general population Pain 137 2008 202 207
30. A.W. Evers, A. Zautra, and K. Thieme Stress and resilience in rheumatic diseases: A review and glimpse into the future Nat Rev Rheumatol 7 2011 409 415
31. P. Fadda, M.C. Martellotta, M.G. De Montis, G.L. Gessa, and W. Fratta Dopamine D1 and opioid receptor binding changes in the limbic system of sleep deprived rats Neurochem Int 20 Suppl 1992 153S 156S
32. P. Fadda, A. Tortorella, and W. Fratta Sleep deprivation decreases mu and delta opioid receptor binding in the rat limbic system Neurosci Lett 129 1991 315 317
33. R.B. Fillingim, R.R. Edwards, and T. Powell The relationship of sex and clinical pain to experimental pain responses Pain 83 1999 419 425
34. P.H. Finan, and M.T. Smith The comorbidity of insomnia, chronic pain, and depression: Dopamine as a putative mechanism Sleep Med Rev 17 2013 173 183
35. D. Foley, S. Ancoli-Israel, P. Britz, and J. Walsh Sleep disturbances and chronic disease in older adults: Results of the 2003 National Sleep Foundation Sleep in America Survey J Psychosom Res 56 2004 497 502 (Pubitemid 38686688)
36. D.J. Foley, A.A. Monjan, S.L. Brown, E.M. Simonsick, R.B. Wallace, and D.G. Blazer Sleep complaints among elderly persons: An epidemiologic study of three communities Sleep 18 1995 425 432
37. H. Foo, and P. Mason Brainstem modulation of pain during sleep and waking Sleep Med Rev 7 2003 145 154 (Pubitemid 36313975)
38. J.J. Gross, and R.A. Thompson Emotion regulation: Conceptual foundations J.J. Gross, Handbook of Emotion Regulation 3rd ed. 2007 Guilford New York, NY 3 24
39. M. Haack, E. Lee, D.A. Cohen, and J.M. Mullington Activation of the prostaglandin system in response to sleep loss in healthy humans: Potential mediator of increased spontaneous pain Pain 145 2009 136 141
40. M. Haack, and J.M. Mullington Sustained sleep restriction reduces emotional and physical well-being Pain 119 2005 56 64 (Pubitemid 41752965)
41. M. Haack, E. Sanchez, and J.M. Mullington Elevated inflammatory markers in response to prolonged sleep restriction are associated with increased pain experience in healthy volunteers Sleep 30 2007 1145
42. M.H. Hall, K.A. Matthews, H.M. Kravitz, E.B. Gold, D.J. Buysse, J.T. Bromberger, J.F. Owens, and M. Sowers Race and financial strain are independent correlates of sleep in midlife women: The SWAN sleep study Sleep 32 2009 73
43. N.A. Hamilton, D. Catley, and C. Karlson Sleep and the affective response to stress and pain Health Psychol 26 2007 288 295 (Pubitemid 46763189)
44. N.A. Hamilton, M. Pressman, T. Lillis, R. Atchley, C. Karlson, and N. Stevens Evaluating evidence for the role of sleep in fibromyalgia: A test of the sleep and pain diathesis model Cogn Ther Res 36 2012 806 814
45. M. Heo, D.B. Allison, M.S. Faith, S. Zhu, and K.R. Fontaine Obesity and quality of life: Mediating effects of pain and comorbidities Obes Res 11 2012 209 216
46. M.R. Irwin, R. Olmstead, C. Carrillo, N. Sadeghi, J.D. Fitzgerald, V.K. Ranganath, and P.M. Nicassio Sleep loss exacerbates fatigue, depression, and pain in rheumatoid arthritis Sleep 35 2012 537
47. M. Jansson Frojmark, and K. Boersma Bidirectionality between pain and insomnia symptoms: A prospective study Br J Health Psychol 17 2011 420 431
48. N. Julien, and S. Marchand Endogenous pain inhibitory systems activated by spatial summation are opioid-mediated Neurosci Lett 401 2006 256 260 (Pubitemid 43729518)
49. S. Kapur, and G. Remington Serotonin-dopamine interaction and its relevance to schizophrenia Am J Psychiatry 153 1996 466 476 (Pubitemid 26113309)
50. K.L. Knutson, A.M. Ryden, B.A. Mander, and E. Van Cauter Role of sleep duration and quality in the risk and severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus Arch Intern Med 166 2006 1768
51. B. Kundermann, J. Hemmeter-Spernal, M.T. Huber, J.C. Krieg, and S. Lautenbacher Effects of total sleep deprivation in major depression: Overnight improvement of mood is accompanied by increased pain sensitivity and augmented pain complaints Psychosom Med 70 2008 92 101
52. B. Kundermann, J. Spernal, M.T. Huber, J.C. Krieg, and S. Lautenbacher Sleep deprivation affects thermal pain thresholds but not somatosensory thresholds in healthy volunteers Psychosom Med 66 2004 932 937 (Pubitemid 39552878)
53. S. Lautenbacher, and G.B. Rollman Possible deficiencies of pain modulation in fibromyalgia Clin J Pain 13 1997 189 196 (Pubitemid 27524077)
54. S. Lautenbacher, B. Kundermann, and J.C. Krieg Sleep deprivation and pain perception Sleep Med Rev 10 2006 357 369 (Pubitemid 44307712)
55. Y.C. Lee, N.J. Nassikas, and D.J. Clauw The role of the central nervous system in the generation and maintenance of chronic pain in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and fibromyalgia Arthritis Res Ther 13 2011 211
56. Y.C. Lee, B. Lu, R.R. Edwards, A.D. Wasan, N.J. Nassikas, D.J. Clauw, D.H. Solomon, and E.W. Karlson The role of sleep problems in central pain processing in rheumatoid arthritis Arthritis Rheum 65 2013 59 68
57. E. Legangneux, J.J. Mora, O. Spreux-Varoquaux, I. Thorin, M. Herrou, G. Alvado, and C. Gomeni Cerebrospinal fluid biogenic amine metabolites, plasma-rich platelet serotonin and [3H]imipramine reuptake in the primary fibromyalgia syndrome Rheumatology (Oxford) 40 2001 290 296
58. M.J. Lentz, C.A. Landis, J. Rothermel, and J.L. Shaver Effects of selective slow wave sleep disruption on musculoskeletal pain and fatigue in middle aged women J Rheumatol 26 1999 1586
59. A.S. Lewandowski, T.M. Palermo, S. De la Motte, and R. Fu Temporal daily associations between pain and sleep in adolescents with chronic pain versus healthy adolescents Pain 151 2010 220
60. R.H.Y. Li, Y.K. Wing, S.C. Ho, and S.Y.Y. Fong Gender differences in insomnia - A study in the Hong Kong Chinese population J Psychosom Res 53 2002 601 609
61. J. Lu, T.C. Jhou, and C.B. Saper Identification of wake-active dopaminergic neurons in the ventral periaqueductal gray matter J Neurosci 26 2006 193 202 (Pubitemid 43089532)
62. A.C. Lyngberg, B.K. Rasmussen, T. Jorgensen, and R. Jensen Has the prevalence of migraine and tension-type headache changed over a 12-year period? A Danish population survey Eur J Epidemiol 20 2005 243 249 (Pubitemid 40569173)
63. M. Meeus, and J. Nijs Central sensitization: A biopsychosocial explanation for chronic widespread pain in patients with fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome Clin Rheumatol 26 2007 465 473 (Pubitemid 46359284)
64. E. Miro, M.P. Martinez, A.I. Sanchez, G. Prados, and A. Medina When is pain related to emotional distress and daily functioning in fibromyalgia syndrome? The mediating roles of self-efficacy and sleep quality Br J Health Psychol 16 2011 799 814
65. J.S. Mogil Sex differences in pain and pain inhibition: Multiple explanations of a controversial phenomenon Nat Rev Neurosci 13 2012 859 866
66. H. Moldofsky, and P. Scarisbrick Induction of neurasthenic musculoskeletal pain syndrome by selective sleep stage deprivation Psychosom Med 38 1976 35 44
67. H. Moldofsky, P. Scarisbrick, R. England, and H. Smythe Musculoskeletal symptoms and non-REM sleep disturbance in patients with "fibrositis syndrome" and healthy subjects Psychosom Med 37 1975 341 351
68. J.M. Monti, and H. Jantos The roles of dopamine and serotonin, and of their receptors, in regulating sleep and waking Prog Brain Res 172 2008 625 646
69. J.M. Monti, and D. Monti The involvement of dopamine in the modulation of sleep and waking Sleep Med Rev 11 2007 113 133 (Pubitemid 46330853)
70. C.M. Morin, M. LeBlanc, M. Daley, J.P. Gregoire, and C. Merette Epidemiology of insomnia: Prevalence, self-help treatments, consultations, and determinants of help-seeking behaviors Sleep Med 7 2006 123 130
71. P.J. Mork, and T.I. Nilsen Sleep problems and risk of fibromyalgia: Longitudinal data on an adult female population in Norway Arthritis Rheum 64 2012 281 284
72. D.C. Nascimento, M.L. Andersen, D.C. Hipolide, J.N. Nobrega, and S. Tufik Pain hypersensitivity induced by paradoxical sleep deprivation is not due to altered binding to brain micro-opioid receptors Behav Brain Res 178 2007 216 220 (Pubitemid 46343848)
73. P.M. Nicassio, and K.A. Wallston Longitudinal relationships among pain, sleep problems, and depression in rheumatoid arthritis J Abnorm Psychol 101 1992 514
74. A.K. Nitter, A.H. Pripp, and K. Forseth Are sleep problems and non-specific health complaints risk factors for chronic pain? A prospective population-based study with 17 year follow-up Scand J Pain 3 2012 210 217
75. E.M. O'Brien, L.B. Waxenberg, J.W. Atchison, H.A. Gremillion, R.M. Staud, C.S. McCrae, and M.E. Robinson Negative mood mediates the effect of poor sleep on pain among chronic pain patients Clin J Pain 26 2010 310 319
76. E.M. O'Brien, L.B. Waxenberg, J.W. Atchison, H.A. Gremillion, R.M. Staud, C.S. McCrae, and M.E. Robinson Intraindividual variability in daily sleep and pain ratings among chronic pain patients: Bidirectional association and the role of negative mood Clin J Pain 27 2011 425 433
77. S.S. Odegard, T. Sand, M. Engstrom, L.J. Stovner, J.A. Zwart, and K. Hagen The long-term effect of insomnia on primary headaches: A prospective population-based cohort study (HUNT-2 and HUNT-3) Headache 51 2011 570 580
78. M.M. Ohayon, M.A. Carskadon, C. Guilleminault, and M.V. Vitiello Meta-analysis of quantitative sleep parameters from childhood to old age in healthy individuals: Developing normative sleep values across the human lifespan Sleep 27 2004 1255 1273 (Pubitemid 44138893)
79. S.A. Older, D.F. Battafarano, C.L. Danning, J.A. Ward, E.P. Grady, S. Derman, and I.J. Russell The effects of delta wave sleep interruption on pain thresholds and fibromyalgia-like symptoms in healthy subjects; correlations with insulin-like growth factor I J Rheumatol 25 1998 1180
80. S.H. Onen, A. Alloui, A. Gross, A. Eschallier, and C. Dubray The effects of total sleep deprivation, selective sleep interruption and sleep recovery on pain tolerance thresholds in healthy subjects J Sleep Res 10 2001 35 42 (Pubitemid 32260641)
81. A.D. Ong, A.J. Zautra, and M.C. Reid Psychological resilience predicts decreases in pain catastrophizing through positive emotions Psychol Aging 25 2010 516 523
82. E. Paul-Savoie, S. Marchand, M. Morin, P. Bourgault, N. Brissette, V. Rattanavong, C. Cloutier, A. Bissonnette, and S. Potvin Is the deficit in pain inhibition in fibromyalgia influenced by sleep impairments? Open Rheumatol J 6 2012 296
83. L. Perogamvros, and S. Schwartz The roles of the reward system in sleep and dreaming Neurosci Biobehav Rev 36 2012 1934 1951
84. M.L. Peters, A.J. Schmidt, M.A. Van den Hout, R. Koopmans, and M.E. Sluijter Chronic back pain, acute postoperative pain and the activation of diffuse noxious inhibitory controls (DNIC) Pain 50 1992 177 187
85. H.S.J. Picavet, and J.M.W. Hazes Prevalence of self reported musculoskeletal diseases is high Ann Rheum Dis 62 2003 644 650 (Pubitemid 36760562)
86. B. Przewlocka, E. Mogilnicka, W. Lason, E.L. van Luijtelaar, and A.M. Coenen Deprivation of REM sleep in the rat and the opioid peptides beta-endorphin and dynorphin Neurosci Lett 70 1986 138 142 (Pubitemid 16023253)
87. M.H. Qiu, W. Liu, W.M. Qu, Y. Urade, J. Lu, and Z.L. Huang The role of nucleus accumbens core/shell in sleep-wake regulation and their involvement in modafinil-induced arousal PloS One 7 2012 e45471
88. P.J. Quartana, E.M. Wickwire, B. Klick, E. Grace, and M.T. Smith Naturalistic changes in insomnia symptoms and pain in temporomandibular joint disorder: A cross-lagged panel analysis Pain 149 2010 325 331
89. M. Racine, Y. Tousignant-Laflamme, L.A. Kloda, D. Dion, G. Dupuis, and M. Choiniere A systematic literature review of 10 years of research on sex/gender and pain perception: Part 2: Do biopsychosocial factors alter pain sensitivity differently in women and men? Pain 153 2012 619 635
90. B. Rahim-Williams, J.L. Riley III, A.K. Williams, and R.B. Fillingim A quantitative review of ethnic group differences in experimental pain response: Do biology, psychology, and culture matter? Pain Med 13 2012 522 540
91. I. Raymond, S. Ancoli-Israel, and M. Choiniere Sleep disturbances, pain and analgesia in adults hospitalized for burn injuries Sleep Med 5 2004 551 559 (Pubitemid 39420033)
92. I. Raymond, T.A. Nielsen, G. Lavigne, C. Manzini, and M. Choiniere Quality of sleep and its daily relationship to pain intensity in hospitalized adult burn patients Pain 92 2001 381 388 (Pubitemid 32480168)
93. J.L. Riley, M.B. Benson, H.A. Gremillion, C.D. Myers, M.E. Robinson, C.L. Smith Jr., and L.B. Waxenberg Sleep disturbance in orofacial pain patients: Pain-related or emotional distress? Cranio 19 2001 106
94. T.A. Roehrs, E. Harris, S. Randall, and T. Roth Pain sensitivity and recovery from mild chronic sleep loss Sleep 35 2012 1667 1672
95. T. Roehrs, M. Hyde, B. Blaisdell, M. Greenwald, and T. Roth Sleep loss and REM sleep loss are hyperalgesic Sleep 29 2006 145
96. I.J. Russell, H. Vaeroy, M. Javors, and F. Nyberg Cerebrospinal fluid biogenic amine metabolites in fibromyalgia/fibrositis syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis Arthritis Rheum 35 1992 550 556
97. J.P. Sastre, C. Buda, K. Kitahama, and M. Jouvet Importance of the ventrolateral region of the periaqueductal gray and adjacent tegmentum in the control of paradoxical sleep as studied by muscimol microinjections in the cat Neuroscience 74 1996 415 426 (Pubitemid 26274212)
98. R. Schey, R. Dickman, S. Parthasarathy, S.F. Quan, C. Wendel, J. Merchant, J. Powers, B. Han, D. van Handel, and R. Fass Sleep deprivation is hyperalgesic in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease Gastroenterology 133 2007 1787 1795 (Pubitemid 350180819)
99. D.J. Scott, M.M. Heitzeg, R.A. Koeppe, C.S. Stohler, and J.K. Zubieta Variations in the human pain stress experience mediated by ventral and dorsal basal ganglia dopamine activity J Neurosci 26 2006 10789 10795
100. B.W. Smith, and A.J. Zautra Vulnerability and resilience in women with arthritis: Test of a two-factor model J Consult Clin Psychol 76 2008 799 810
101. M.T. Smith, R.R. Edwards, U.D. McCann, and J.A. Haythornthwaite The effects of sleep deprivation on pain inhibition and spontaneous pain in women Sleep 30 2007 494 505 (Pubitemid 46668707)
102. M.T. Smith, and J.A. Haythornthwaite How do sleep disturbance and chronic pain inter-relate? Insights from the longitudinal and cognitive-behavioral clinical trials literature Sleep Med Rev 8 2004 119 132 (Pubitemid 38445487)
103. M.T. Smith, M.L. Perlis, T.P. Carmody, M.S. Smith, and D.E. Giles Presleep cognitions in patients with insomnia secondary to chronic pain J Behav Med 24 2001 93 114
104. M.T. Smith, B. Klick, S. Kozachik, R.E. Edwards, R. Holavanahalli, S. Wiechman, P. Blakeney, D. Lezotte, and J.A. Fauerbach Sleep onset insomnia symptoms during hospitalization for major burn injury predict chronic pain Pain 138 2008 497
105. M.T. Smith, P.J. Quartana, R.M. Okonkwo, and A. Nasir Mechanisms by which sleep disturbance contributes to osteoarthritis pain: A conceptual model Curr Pain Headache Rep 13 2009 447 454
106. Y. Song, S. Ancoli-Israel, C.E. Lewis, S. Redline, S.L. Harrison, and K.L. Stone The association of race/ethnicity with objectively measured sleep characteristics in older men Behav Sleep Med 10 2011 54 69
107. E. Spath-Schwalbe, D. Uthgenannt, G. Voget, W. Kern, J. Born, and H.L. Fehm Corticotropin-releasing hormone-induced adrenocorticotropin and cortisol secretion depends on sleep and wakefulness J Clin Endocrinol Metab 77 1993 1170 1173 (Pubitemid 23345464)
108. R. Staud, M.E. Robinson, C.J. Vierck Jr., and D.D. Price Diffuse noxious inhibitory controls (DNIC) attenuate temporal summation of second pain in normal males but not in normal females or fibromyalgia patients Pain 101 2003 167 174 (Pubitemid 36044664)
109. C.L. Steinmiller, T.A. Roehrs, E. Harris, M. Hyde, M.K. Greenwald, and T. Roth Differential effect of codeine on thermal nociceptive sensitivity in sleepy versus nonsleepy healthy subjects Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 18 2010 277 283
110. E.J. Stepanski, M.S. Walker, L.S. Schwartzberg, L.J. Blakely, J.C. Ong, and A.C. Houts The relation of trouble sleeping, depressed mood, pain, and fatigue in patients with cancer J Clin Sleep Med 5 2009 132
111. A.A. Stone, J.E. Broderick, L.S. Porter, and A.T. Kaell The experience of rheumatoid arthritis pain and fatigue: Examining momentary reports and correlates over one week Arthritis Rheum 10 1997 185 193 (Pubitemid 27279751)
112. J.A. Sturgeon, and A.J. Zautra Resilience: A new paradigm for adaptation to chronic pain Curr Pain Headache Rep 14 2010 105 112
113. M.J. Sullivan, S.R. Bishop, and J. Pivik The Pain Catastrophizing Scale: Development and validation Psychol Assess 7 1995 524
114. N.K. Tang, C.E. Goodchild, A.N. Sanborn, J. Howard, and P.M. Salkovskis Deciphering the temporal link between pain and sleep in a heterogeneous chronic pain patient sample: A multilevel daily process study Sleep 35 2012 675
115. N.K. Tang Cognitive-behavioral therapy for sleep abnormalities of chronic pain patients Curr Rheumatol Rep 11 2009 451 460
116. D.J. Taylor, L.J. Mallory, K.L. Lichstein, H.H. Durrence, B.W. Riedel, and A.J. Bush Comorbidity of chronic insomnia with medical problems Sleep 30 2007 213 218
117. W. Tiede, W. Magerl, U. Baumgärtner, B. Durrer, U. Ehlert, and R.D. Treede Sleep restriction attenuates amplitudes and attentional modulation of pain-related evoked potentials, but augments pain ratings in healthy volunteers Pain 148 2010 36 42
118. M.M. Tugade, B.L. Fredrickson, and L.F. Barrett Psychological resilience and positive emotional granularity: Examining the benefits of positive emotions on coping and health J Pers 72 2004 1161 1190 (Pubitemid 39558083)
119. J.A. Turner, S. Holtzman, and L. Mancl Mediators, moderators, and predictors of therapeutic change in cognitive-behavioral therapy for chronic pain Pain 127 2007 276 286 (Pubitemid 46073414)
120. O.E. Ukponmwan, J. Rupreht, and M.R. Dzoljic REM sleep deprivation decreases the antinociceptive property of enkephalinase-inhibition, morphine and cold-water-swim Gen Pharmacol 15 1984 255 258 (Pubitemid 14104083)
121. A. Vgontzas, L. Cui, and K.R. Merikangas Are sleep difficulties associated with migraine attributable to anxiety and depression? Headache 48 2008 1451 1459
122. N.D. Volkow, D. Tomasi, G.J. Wang, F. Telang, J.S. Fowler, J. Logan, H. Benveniste, R. Kim, P.K. Thanos, and S. Ferre Evidence that sleep deprivation downregulates dopamine D2R in ventral striatum in the human brain J Neurosci 32 2012 6711 6717
123. N.D. Volkow, D. Tomasi, G.J. Wang, F. Telang, J.S. Fowler, R.N. Wang, J. Logan, C. Wong, M. Jayne, and J.M. Swanson Hyperstimulation of striatal D2 receptors with sleep deprivation: Implications for cognitive impairment NeuroImage 45 2009 1232 1240
124. 11C]raclopride to dopamine D2/D3 receptors in the human brain J Neurosci 28 2008 8454 8461
125. D. Watson, L.A. Clark, and A. Tellegen Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales J Pers Soc Psychol 54 1988 1063 1070
126. K.G. Wilson, M.Y. Eriksson, J.L. D'Eon, S.F. Mikail, and P.C. Emery Major depression and insomnia in chronic pain Clin J Pain 18 2002 77 83 (Pubitemid 34205397)
127. P.B. Wood, P. Schweinhardt, E. Jaeger, A. Dagher, H. Hakyemez, E.A. Rabiner, M.C. Bushnell, and B.A. Chizh Fibromyalgia patients show an abnormal dopamine response to pain Eur J Neurosci 25 2007 3576 3582 (Pubitemid 47020461)
128. D. Yarnitsky Conditioned pain modulation (the diffuse noxious inhibitory control-like effect): Its relevance for acute and chronic pain states Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 23 2010 611 615
129. A.J. Zautra, G.G. Affleck, H. Tennen, J.W. Reich, and M.C. Davis Dynamic approaches to emotions and stress in everyday life: Bolger and Zuckerman reloaded with positive as well as negative affects J Pers 73 2005 1511 1538 (Pubitemid 41687840)
130. A.J. Zautra, R. Fasman, J.W. Reich, P. Harakas, L.M. Johnson, M.E. Olmsted, and M.C. Davis Fibromyalgia: Evidence for deficits in positive affect regulation Psychosom Med 67 2005 147 155
131. A.J. Zautra, L.M. Johnson, and M.C. Davis Positive affect as a source of resilience for women in chronic pain J Consult Clin Psychol 73 2005 212 220 (Pubitemid 40446376)
132. A. Zgierska, R.T. Brown, M. Zuelsdorff, D. Brown, Z. Zhang, and M.F. Fleming Sleep and daytime sleepiness problems among patients with chronic noncancerous pain receiving long-term opioid therapy: A cross-sectional study J Opioid Manag 3 2007 317 327 (Pubitemid 351166543)
133. B. Zhang, and Y. Wing Sex differences in insomnia: A meta-analysis Sleep 29 2006 85
134. J. Zhang, S.P. Lam, S.X. Li, N.L. Tang, M.W.M. Yu, A.M. Li, and Y.K. Wing Insomnia, sleep quality, pain, and somatic symptoms: Sex differences and shared genetic components Pain 153 2012 666 673
135. D. Zohar, O. Tzischinsky, R. Epstein, and P. Lavie The effects of sleep loss on medical residents' emotional reactions to work events: A cognitive-energy model Sleep 28 2005 47 54 (Pubitemid 40543119)