메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 10, 2013, Pages

Targeting the Tumour Vasculature: Exploitation of Low Oxygenation and Sensitivity to NOS Inhibition by Treatment with a Hypoxic Cytotoxin

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; TIRAPAZAMINE;

EID: 84886637380     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076832     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (10)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 84966192535 scopus 로고
    • The histological structure of some human lung cancers and the possible implications for radiotherapy
    • Thomlinson RH, Gray LH, (1955) The histological structure of some human lung cancers and the possible implications for radiotherapy. Br J Cancer 9: 539-549.
    • (1955) Br J Cancer , vol.9 , pp. 539-549
    • Thomlinson, R.H.1    Gray, L.H.2
  • 2
    • 0037225908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms underlying hypoxia development in tumors
    • Dewhirst MW, (2003) Mechanisms underlying hypoxia development in tumors. Adv Exp Med Biol 510: 51-56.
    • (2003) Adv Exp Med Biol , vol.510 , pp. 51-56
    • Dewhirst, M.W.1
  • 3
    • 35548961829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tirapazamine: from bench to clinical trials
    • Marcu L, Olver I, (2006) Tirapazamine: from bench to clinical trials. Current clinical pharmacology 1: 71-79.
    • (2006) Current Clinical Pharmacology , vol.1 , pp. 71-79
    • Marcu, L.1    Olver, I.2
  • 4
    • 20844438807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radical properties governing the hypoxia-selective cytotoxicity of antitumor 3-amino-1,2,4-benzotriazine 1,4-dioxides
    • Anderson RF, Shinde SS, Hay MP, Gamage SA, Denny WA, (2005) Radical properties governing the hypoxia-selective cytotoxicity of antitumor 3-amino-1,2,4-benzotriazine 1,4-dioxides. Org Biomol Chem 3: 2167-2174.
    • (2005) Org Biomol Chem , vol.3 , pp. 2167-2174
    • Anderson, R.F.1    Shinde, S.S.2    Hay, M.P.3    Gamage, S.A.4    Denny, W.A.5
  • 5
    • 0025646401 scopus 로고
    • Potentiation by the hypoxic cytotoxin SR 4233 of cell killing produced by fractionated irradiation of mouse tumors
    • Brown JM, Lemmon MJ, (1990) Potentiation by the hypoxic cytotoxin SR 4233 of cell killing produced by fractionated irradiation of mouse tumors. Cancer Res 50: 7745-7749.
    • (1990) Cancer Res , vol.50 , pp. 7745-7749
    • Brown, J.M.1    Lemmon, M.J.2
  • 6
    • 84965808588 scopus 로고
    • Tumor-specific, schedule-dependent interaction between tirapazamine (SR 4233) and cisplatin
    • Dorie MJ, Brown JM, (1993) Tumor-specific, schedule-dependent interaction between tirapazamine (SR 4233) and cisplatin. Cancer Res 53: 4633-4636.
    • (1993) Cancer Res , vol.53 , pp. 4633-4636
    • Dorie, M.J.1    Brown, J.M.2
  • 7
    • 0022493495 scopus 로고
    • SR-4233: a new bioreductive agent with high selective toxicity for hypoxic mammalian cells
    • Zeman EM, Brown JM, Lemmon MJ, Hirst VK, Lee WW, (1986) SR-4233: a new bioreductive agent with high selective toxicity for hypoxic mammalian cells. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 12: 1239-1242.
    • (1986) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.12 , pp. 1239-1242
    • Zeman, E.M.1    Brown, J.M.2    Lemmon, M.J.3    Hirst, V.K.4    Lee, W.W.5
  • 8
    • 67049107492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting vascular-targeting effects of the hypoxic cytotoxin tirapazamine in tumor xenografts using magnetic resonance imaging
    • Bains LJ, Baker JH, Kyle AH, Minchinton AI, Reinsberg SA, (2009) Detecting vascular-targeting effects of the hypoxic cytotoxin tirapazamine in tumor xenografts using magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 74: 957-965.
    • (2009) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.74 , pp. 957-965
    • Bains, L.J.1    Baker, J.H.2    Kyle, A.H.3    Minchinton, A.I.4    Reinsberg, S.A.5
  • 11
    • 78649833819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The unique characteristics of tumor vasculature and preclinical evidence for its selective disruption by Tumor-Vascular Disrupting Agents
    • Siemann DW, (2011) The unique characteristics of tumor vasculature and preclinical evidence for its selective disruption by Tumor-Vascular Disrupting Agents. Cancer Treat Rev 37: 63-74.
    • (2011) Cancer Treat Rev , vol.37 , pp. 63-74
    • Siemann, D.W.1
  • 12
    • 0842311621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular targeting agents as cancer therapeutics
    • Thorpe PE, (2004) Vascular targeting agents as cancer therapeutics. Clin Cancer Res 10: 415-427.
    • (2004) Clin Cancer Res , vol.10 , pp. 415-427
    • Thorpe, P.E.1
  • 14
    • 0025334830 scopus 로고
    • Interstitial pressure gradients in tissue-isolated and subcutaneous tumors: implications for therapy
    • Boucher Y, Baxter LT, Jain RK, (1990) Interstitial pressure gradients in tissue-isolated and subcutaneous tumors: implications for therapy. Cancer Res 50: 4478-4484.
    • (1990) Cancer Res , vol.50 , pp. 4478-4484
    • Boucher, Y.1    Baxter, L.T.2    Jain, R.K.3
  • 15
    • 12344312042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular abnormalities of blood vessels as targets in cancer
    • Baluk P, Hashizume H, McDonald DM, (2005) Cellular abnormalities of blood vessels as targets in cancer. Curr Opin Genet Dev 15: 102-111.
    • (2005) Curr Opin Genet Dev , vol.15 , pp. 102-111
    • Baluk, P.1    Hashizume, H.2    McDonald, D.M.3
  • 16
    • 42049088503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood vessel maturation and response to vascular-disrupting therapy in single vascular endothelial growth factor-A isoform-producing tumors
    • Tozer GM, Akerman S, Cross NA, Barber PR, Björndahl MA, et al. (2008) Blood vessel maturation and response to vascular-disrupting therapy in single vascular endothelial growth factor-A isoform-producing tumors. Cancer Res 68: 2301-2311.
    • (2008) Cancer Res , vol.68 , pp. 2301-2311
    • Tozer, G.M.1    Akerman, S.2    Cross, N.A.3    Barber, P.R.4    Björndahl, M.A.5
  • 18
    • 84858204790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic and predictive significance of plasma HGF and IL-8 in a phase III trial of chemoradiation with or without tirapazamine in locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer
    • Le QT, Fisher R, Oliner KS, Young RJ, Cao H, et al. (2012) Prognostic and predictive significance of plasma HGF and IL-8 in a phase III trial of chemoradiation with or without tirapazamine in locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer. Clin Cancer Res 18: 1798-1807.
    • (2012) Clin Cancer Res , vol.18 , pp. 1798-1807
    • Le, Q.T.1    Fisher, R.2    Oliner, K.S.3    Young, R.J.4    Cao, H.5
  • 19
    • 77954600498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tirapazamine, cisplatin, and radiation versus cisplatin and radiation for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (TROG 02.02, HeadSTART): a phase III trial of the Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group
    • Rischin D, Peters LJ, O'Sullivan B, Giralt J, Fisher R, et al. (2010) Tirapazamine, cisplatin, and radiation versus cisplatin and radiation for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (TROG 02.02, HeadSTART): a phase III trial of the Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol 28: 2989-2995.
    • (2010) J Clin Oncol , vol.28 , pp. 2989-2995
    • Rischin, D.1    Peters, L.J.2    O'Sullivan, B.3    Giralt, J.4    Fisher, R.5
  • 20
    • 0035131933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial dysfunction after aerobic exposure to the hypoxic cytotoxin tirapazamine
    • Wouters BG, Delahoussaye YM, Evans JW, Birrell GW, Dorie MJ, et al. (2001) Mitochondrial dysfunction after aerobic exposure to the hypoxic cytotoxin tirapazamine. Cancer Res 61: 145-152.
    • (2001) Cancer Res , vol.61 , pp. 145-152
    • Wouters, B.G.1    Delahoussaye, Y.M.2    Evans, J.W.3    Birrell, G.W.4    Dorie, M.J.5
  • 21
    • 0033561524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide synthases catalyze the activation of redox cycling and bioreductive anticancer agents
    • Garner AP, Paine MJ, Rodriguez-Crespo I, Chinje EC, Ortiz De Montellano P, et al. (1999) Nitric oxide synthases catalyze the activation of redox cycling and bioreductive anticancer agents. Cancer Res 59: 1929-1934.
    • (1999) Cancer Res , vol.59 , pp. 1929-1934
    • Garner, A.P.1    Paine, M.J.2    Rodriguez-Crespo, I.3    Chinje, E.C.4    Ortiz De Montellano, P.5
  • 22
    • 0034543132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AQ4N: a new approach to hypoxia-activated cancer chemotherapy
    • Patterson LH, McKeown SR, (2000) AQ4N: a new approach to hypoxia-activated cancer chemotherapy. Br J Cancer 83: 1589-1593.
    • (2000) Br J Cancer , vol.83 , pp. 1589-1593
    • Patterson, L.H.1    McKeown, S.R.2
  • 23
    • 0027102831 scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of the cytotoxicity of SR 4233 to normal and malignant tissues by hypoxic breathing
    • Minchinton AI, Brown JM, (1992) Enhancement of the cytotoxicity of SR 4233 to normal and malignant tissues by hypoxic breathing. Br J Cancer 66: 1053-1058.
    • (1992) Br J Cancer , vol.66 , pp. 1053-1058
    • Minchinton, A.I.1    Brown, J.M.2
  • 24
    • 34249004057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limited tissue penetration of taxanes: a mechanism for resistance in solid tumors
    • Kyle AH, Huxham LA, Yeoman DM, Minchinton AI, (2007) Limited tissue penetration of taxanes: a mechanism for resistance in solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res 13: 2804-2810.
    • (2007) Clin Cancer Res , vol.13 , pp. 2804-2810
    • Kyle, A.H.1    Huxham, L.A.2    Yeoman, D.M.3    Minchinton, A.I.4
  • 25
    • 0026677532 scopus 로고
    • HMEC-1: establishment of an immortalized human microvascular endothelial cell line
    • Ades EW, Candal FJ, Swerlick RA, George VG, Summers S, et al. (1992) HMEC-1: establishment of an immortalized human microvascular endothelial cell line. J Invest Dermatol 99: 683-690.
    • (1992) J Invest Dermatol , vol.99 , pp. 683-690
    • Ades, E.W.1    Candal, F.J.2    Swerlick, R.A.3    George, V.G.4    Summers, S.5
  • 26
    • 0036198525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated Notch4 inhibits angiogenesis: role of beta 1-integrin activation
    • Leong KG, Hu X, Li L, Noseda M, Larrivée B, et al. (2002) Activated Notch4 inhibits angiogenesis: role of beta 1-integrin activation. Mol Cell Biol 22: 2830-2841.
    • (2002) Mol Cell Biol , vol.22 , pp. 2830-2841
    • Leong, K.G.1    Hu, X.2    Li, L.3    Noseda, M.4    Larrivée, B.5
  • 27
    • 34547121206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia in cancer: significance and impact on clinical outcome
    • Vaupel P, Mayer A, (2007) Hypoxia in cancer: significance and impact on clinical outcome. Cancer Metastasis Rev 26: 225-239.
    • (2007) Cancer Metastasis Rev , vol.26 , pp. 225-239
    • Vaupel, P.1    Mayer, A.2
  • 28
    • 0031029637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of nitric oxide in tumor microcirculation. Blood flow, vascular permeability, and leukocyte-endothelial interactions
    • Fukumura D, Yuan F, Endo M, Jain RK, (1997) Role of nitric oxide in tumor microcirculation. Blood flow, vascular permeability, and leukocyte-endothelial interactions. Am J Pathol 150: 713-725.
    • (1997) Am J Pathol , vol.150 , pp. 713-725
    • Fukumura, D.1    Yuan, F.2    Endo, M.3    Jain, R.K.4
  • 29
    • 0029934551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of nitro-L-arginine on blood flow, oxygenation and the activity of hypoxic cell cytotoxins in murine tumours
    • Horsman MR, Chaplin DJ, Hill SA, Arnold S, Collingridge D, et al. (1996) Effect of nitro-L-arginine on blood flow, oxygenation and the activity of hypoxic cell cytotoxins in murine tumours. Br J Cancer Suppl 27: S168-171.
    • (1996) Br J Cancer , Issue.SUPPL. 27
    • Horsman, M.R.1    Chaplin, D.J.2    Hill, S.A.3    Arnold, S.4    Collingridge, D.5
  • 30
    • 33846546058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of nitric-oxide synthesis on tumour blood volume and vascular activity: a phase I study
    • Ng Q, Goh V, Milner J, Stratford M, Folkes L, et al. (2007) Effect of nitric-oxide synthesis on tumour blood volume and vascular activity: a phase I study. The Lancet Oncology 8: 111-118.
    • (2007) The Lancet Oncology , vol.8 , pp. 111-118
    • Ng, Q.1    Goh, V.2    Milner, J.3    Stratford, M.4    Folkes, L.5
  • 31
    • 0031018039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase induces a selective reduction in tumor blood flow that is reversible with L-arginine
    • Tozer GM, Prise VE, Chaplin DJ, (1997) Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase induces a selective reduction in tumor blood flow that is reversible with L-arginine. Cancer Res 57: 948-955.
    • (1997) Cancer Res , vol.57 , pp. 948-955
    • Tozer, G.M.1    Prise, V.E.2    Chaplin, D.J.3
  • 32
    • 0033000313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification of longitudinal tissue pO2 gradients in window chamber tumours: impact on tumour hypoxia
    • Dewhirst MW, Ong ET, Braun RD, Smith B, Klitzman B, et al. (1999) Quantification of longitudinal tissue pO2 gradients in window chamber tumours: impact on tumour hypoxia. Br J Cancer 79: 1717-1722.
    • (1999) Br J Cancer , vol.79 , pp. 1717-1722
    • Dewhirst, M.W.1    Ong, E.T.2    Braun, R.D.3    Smith, B.4    Klitzman, B.5
  • 33
    • 0024226847 scopus 로고
    • Cryospectrophotometric determination of tumor intravascular oxyhemoglobin saturations: dependence on vascular geometry and tumor growth
    • Fenton BM, Rofstad EK, Degner FL, Sutherland RM, (1988) Cryospectrophotometric determination of tumor intravascular oxyhemoglobin saturations: dependence on vascular geometry and tumor growth. J Natl Cancer Inst 80: 1612-1619.
    • (1988) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.80 , pp. 1612-1619
    • Fenton, B.M.1    Rofstad, E.K.2    Degner, F.L.3    Sutherland, R.M.4
  • 34
    • 0035951690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intratumour heterogeneity in microvessel oxyhaemoglobin saturations
    • Måseide K, Rofstad EK, (2001) Intratumour heterogeneity in microvessel oxyhaemoglobin saturations. Cancer Lett 162: 245-251.
    • (2001) Cancer Lett , vol.162 , pp. 245-251
    • Måseide, K.1    Rofstad, E.K.2
  • 36
    • 0028659788 scopus 로고
    • Induction of hypoxia in experimental murine tumors by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine
    • Wood PJ, Sansom JM, Butler SA, Stratford IJ, Cole SM, et al. (1994) Induction of hypoxia in experimental murine tumors by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine. Cancer Res 54: 6458-6463.
    • (1994) Cancer Res , vol.54 , pp. 6458-6463
    • Wood, P.J.1    Sansom, J.M.2    Butler, S.A.3    Stratford, I.J.4    Cole, S.M.5
  • 37
    • 0037105653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tirapazamine: a hypoxia-activated topoisomerase II poison
    • Peters KB, Brown JM, (2002) Tirapazamine: a hypoxia-activated topoisomerase II poison. Cancer Res 62: 5248-5253.
    • (2002) Cancer Res , vol.62 , pp. 5248-5253
    • Peters, K.B.1    Brown, J.M.2
  • 38
    • 0025189864 scopus 로고
    • Apparent hydroxyl radical production by peroxynitrite: implications for endothelial injury from nitric oxide and superoxide
    • Beckman JS, Beckman TW, Chen J, Marshall PA, Freeman BA, (1990) Apparent hydroxyl radical production by peroxynitrite: implications for endothelial injury from nitric oxide and superoxide. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 1620-1624.
    • (1990) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.87 , pp. 1620-1624
    • Beckman, J.S.1    Beckman, T.W.2    Chen, J.3    Marshall, P.A.4    Freeman, B.A.5
  • 39
    • 0027966212 scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms involved in superoxide-induced leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in vivo
    • Gaboury JP, Anderson DC, Kubes P, (1994) Molecular mechanisms involved in superoxide-induced leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in vivo. Am J Physiol 266: H637-642.
    • (1994) Am J Physiol , vol.266
    • Gaboury, J.P.1    Anderson, D.C.2    Kubes, P.3
  • 40
    • 0028132836 scopus 로고
    • Redox signaling: nitrosylation and related target interactions of nitric oxide
    • Stamler JS, (1994) Redox signaling: nitrosylation and related target interactions of nitric oxide. Cell 78: 931-936.
    • (1994) Cell , vol.78 , pp. 931-936
    • Stamler, J.S.1
  • 41
    • 0030757021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of bioreductive drug toxicity in murine tumours by inhibition of the activity of nitric oxide synthase
    • Butler SA, Wood PJ, Cole S, Williams C, Adams GE, et al. (1997) Enhancement of bioreductive drug toxicity in murine tumours by inhibition of the activity of nitric oxide synthase. Br J Cancer 76: 438-444.
    • (1997) Br J Cancer , vol.76 , pp. 438-444
    • Butler, S.A.1    Wood, P.J.2    Cole, S.3    Williams, C.4    Adams, G.E.5
  • 42
    • 21344454671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observation of incipient tumor angiogenesis that is independent of hypoxia and hypoxia inducible factor-1 activation
    • Cao Y, Li CY, Moeller BJ, Yu D, Zhao Y, et al. (2005) Observation of incipient tumor angiogenesis that is independent of hypoxia and hypoxia inducible factor-1 activation. Cancer Res 65: 5498-5505.
    • (2005) Cancer Res , vol.65 , pp. 5498-5505
    • Cao, Y.1    Li, C.Y.2    Moeller, B.J.3    Yu, D.4    Zhao, Y.5
  • 43
    • 1642475109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective potentiation of the hypoxic cytotoxicity of tirapazamine by its 1-N-oxide metabolite SR 4317
    • Siim BG, Pruijn FB, Sturman JR, Hogg A, Hay MP, et al. (2004) Selective potentiation of the hypoxic cytotoxicity of tirapazamine by its 1-N-oxide metabolite SR 4317. Cancer Res 64: 736-742.
    • (2004) Cancer Res , vol.64 , pp. 736-742
    • Siim, B.G.1    Pruijn, F.B.2    Sturman, J.R.3    Hogg, A.4    Hay, M.P.5
  • 44
    • 0030871773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tirapazamine-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in transplanted tumors: relationship to tumor hypoxia
    • Siim BG, Menke DR, Dorie MJ, Brown JM, (1997) Tirapazamine-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in transplanted tumors: relationship to tumor hypoxia. Cancer Res 57: 2922-2928.
    • (1997) Cancer Res , vol.57 , pp. 2922-2928
    • Siim, B.G.1    Menke, D.R.2    Dorie, M.J.3    Brown, J.M.4
  • 45
    • 0030738399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation of human tumor cells to tirapazamine under aerobic conditions: implications of increased antioxidant enzyme activity to mechanism of aerobic cytotoxicity
    • Elwell JH, Siim BG, Evans JW, Brown JM, (1997) Adaptation of human tumor cells to tirapazamine under aerobic conditions: implications of increased antioxidant enzyme activity to mechanism of aerobic cytotoxicity. Biochem Pharmacol 54: 249-257.
    • (1997) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.54 , pp. 249-257
    • Elwell, J.H.1    Siim, B.G.2    Evans, J.W.3    Brown, J.M.4
  • 46
    • 0032523899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tirapazamine is metabolized to its DNA-damaging radical by intranuclear enzymes
    • Evans JW, Yudoh K, Delahoussaye YM, Brown JM, (1998) Tirapazamine is metabolized to its DNA-damaging radical by intranuclear enzymes. Cancer Res 58: 2098-2101.
    • (1998) Cancer Res , vol.58 , pp. 2098-2101
    • Evans, J.W.1    Yudoh, K.2    Delahoussaye, Y.M.3    Brown, J.M.4
  • 47
    • 42249103840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct visualization of heterogeneous extravascular distribution of trastuzumab in human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 overexpressing xenografts
    • Baker JH, Lindquist KE, Huxham LA, Kyle AH, Sy JT, et al. (2008) Direct visualization of heterogeneous extravascular distribution of trastuzumab in human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 overexpressing xenografts. Clin Cancer Res 14: 2171-2179.
    • (2008) Clin Cancer Res , vol.14 , pp. 2171-2179
    • Baker, J.H.1    Lindquist, K.E.2    Huxham, L.A.3    Kyle, A.H.4    Sy, J.T.5
  • 48
    • 79955475531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain metastases as preventive and therapeutic targets
    • Steeg PS, Camphausen KA, Smith QR, (2011) Brain metastases as preventive and therapeutic targets. Nat Rev Cancer 11: 352-363.
    • (2011) Nat Rev Cancer , vol.11 , pp. 352-363
    • Steeg, P.S.1    Camphausen, K.A.2    Smith, Q.R.3
  • 49
    • 33847247311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visualizing the acute effects of vascular-targeted therapy in vivo using intravital microscopy and magnetic resonance imaging: correlation with endothelial apoptosis, cytokine induction, and treatment outcome
    • Seshadri M, Spernyak JA, Maiery PG, Cheney RT, Mazurchuk R, et al. (2007) Visualizing the acute effects of vascular-targeted therapy in vivo using intravital microscopy and magnetic resonance imaging: correlation with endothelial apoptosis, cytokine induction, and treatment outcome. Neoplasia 9: 128-135.
    • (2007) Neoplasia , vol.9 , pp. 128-135
    • Seshadri, M.1    Spernyak, J.A.2    Maiery, P.G.3    Cheney, R.T.4    Mazurchuk, R.5
  • 50
    • 8244234465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of the hypoxic cell cytotoxic agent tirapazamine and its major bioreductive metabolites in mice and humans: retrospective analysis of a pharmacokinetically guided dose-escalation strategy in a phase I trial
    • Graham MA, Senan S, Robin H, Eckhardt N, Lendrem D, et al. (1997) Pharmacokinetics of the hypoxic cell cytotoxic agent tirapazamine and its major bioreductive metabolites in mice and humans: retrospective analysis of a pharmacokinetically guided dose-escalation strategy in a phase I trial. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 40: 1-10.
    • (1997) Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology , vol.40 , pp. 1-10
    • Graham, M.A.1    Senan, S.2    Robin, H.3    Eckhardt, N.4    Lendrem, D.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.