Elevated norepinephrine may be a unifying etiological factor in the abuse of a broad range of substances: Alcohol, nicotine, marijuana, heroin, cocaine, and caffeine

Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment

Volumn 7, Issue , 2013, Pages 171-183

  Fitzgerald, Paul J ^a  

^a TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Clonidine; Desipramine; Guanfacine; Hypertension; Lofexidine; Psychological stress; Yohimbine

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; AMFEBUTAMONE; ATOMOXETINE; CAFFEINE; CANNABINOID; CANNABIS; CLONIDINE; COCAINE; DESIPRAMINE; DIAMORPHINE; DISULFIRAM; DOPAMINE; GUANFACINE; KAPPA OPIATE RECEPTOR AGONIST; LOFEXIDINE; NICOTINE; NORADRENALIN; PRAZOSIN; PROPRANOLOL; SEROTONIN;

ALCOHOL ABUSE; ALCOHOLISM; BEHAVIOR DISORDER; CAFFEINE ABUSE; CANNABIS ADDICTION; CHEMICAL INTERACTION; CHRONIC DRUG ADMINISTRATION; COCAINE DEPENDENCE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; DRUG DEPENDENCE; DRUG MECHANISM; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; HEREDITY; HEROIN DEPENDENCE; HUMAN; INTOXICATION; MENTAL STRESS; NEUROANATOMY; NONHUMAN; NORADRENALIN BLOOD LEVEL; NORADRENALIN RELEASE; NORADRENERGIC SYSTEM; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; RELAPSE; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; TOBACCO DEPENDENCE; WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME;

EID: 84885933596     PISSN: None     EISSN: 11782218     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4137/SART.S13019     Document Type: Review

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