메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 60, Issue 9, 2013, Pages 1065-1075

Ghrelin-induced hippocampal neurogenesis and enhancement of cognitive function are mediated independently of GH/IGF-1 axis: Lessons from the spontaneous dwarf rats

Author keywords

GH; Ghrelin; Hippocampus; Neurogenesis; Spontaneous dwarf rats

Indexed keywords

BROXURIDINE; CYCLINE; DOUBLECORTIN; GHRELIN; GHRELIN RECEPTOR; GROWTH HORMONE; KI 67 ANTIGEN; SOMATOMEDIN C;

EID: 84884938426     PISSN: 09188959     EISSN: 13484540     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ13-0045     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (29)

References (56)
  • 1
    • 23244458855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adult neurogenesis in the mammalian central nervous system
    • Ming GL, Song H (2005) Adult neurogenesis in the mammalian central nervous system. Annu Rev Neurosci 28: 223-250.
    • (2005) Annu Rev Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 223-250
    • Ming, G.L.1    Song, H.2
  • 2
    • 39149107803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms and functional implications of adult neurogenesis
    • Zhao C, Deng W, Gage FH (2008) Mechanisms and functional implications of adult neurogenesis. Cell 132: 645-660.
    • (2008) Cell , vol.132 , pp. 645-660
    • Zhao, C.1    Deng, W.2    Gage, F.H.3
  • 3
    • 33947689271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulators of adult neu-rogenesis in the healthy and diseased brain
    • Grote HE, Hannan AJ (2007) Regulators of adult neu-rogenesis in the healthy and diseased brain. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 34: 533-545.
    • (2007) Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol , vol.34 , pp. 533-545
    • Grote, H.E.1    Hannan, A.J.2
  • 4
    • 0033679897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin, a novel growth hormone-relasing acylated peptide, is synthesized in a distinct endocrine cell type in the gastrointestinal tracts of rats and humans
    • Date Y, Kojima M, Hosoda H, Sawaguchi A, Mondal MS, et al. (2000) Ghrelin, a novel growth hormone-relasing acylated peptide, is synthesized in a distinct endocrine cell type in the gastrointestinal tracts of rats and humans. Endocrinology 141: 4255-4261.
    • (2000) Endocrinology , vol.141 , pp. 4255-4261
    • Date, Y.1    Kojima, M.2    Hosoda, H.3    Sawaguchi, A.4    Mondal, M.S.5
  • 5
    • 15544385058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin: Structure and function
    • Kojima M, Kangawa K (2005) Ghrelin: structure and function. Physiol Rev 85: 495-522.
    • (2005) Physiol Rev , vol.85 , pp. 495-522
    • Kojima, M.1    Kangawa, K.2
  • 6
    • 0033540056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin is a growth hormone-relesasing acylated peptide from stomach
    • Kojima M, Hosoda H, Date Y, Nakazato M, Matsuo H, et al. (1999) Ghrelin is a growth hormone-relesasing acylated peptide from stomach. Nature 402: 656-660.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.402 , pp. 656-660
    • Kojima, M.1    Hosoda, H.2    Date, Y.3    Nakazato, M.4    Matsuo, H.5
  • 8
    • 77954591294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin: More than endogenous growth hormone secretagogue
    • Kojima M, Kangawa K (2010) Ghrelin: more than endogenous growth hormone secretagogue. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1200: 140-148.
    • (2010) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1200 , pp. 140-148
    • Kojima, M.1    Kangawa, K.2
  • 9
    • 78650743194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The extra-hypothalamic actions of ghrelin on neuronal function
    • Andrews ZB (2011) The extra-hypothalamic actions of ghrelin on neuronal function. Trends Neurosci 34: 31-40.
    • (2011) Trends Neurosci , vol.34 , pp. 31-40
    • Andrews, Z.B.1
  • 10
    • 67650459465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin regulates hippocampal neurogenesis in adult mice
    • Moon M, Kim S, Hwang L, Park S (2009) Ghrelin regulates hippocampal neurogenesis in adult mice. Endocr J 56: 525-531.
    • (2009) Endocr J , vol.56 , pp. 525-531
    • Moon, M.1    Kim, S.2    Hwang, L.3    Park, S.4
  • 11
    • 84878777634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin directly stimulates adult hippocampal neuro-genesis: Implications for learning and memory
    • Li E, Chung H, Kim Y, Kim DH, Ryu JH, et al. (2013) Ghrelin directly stimulates adult hippocampal neuro-genesis: implications for learning and memory. Endocr J 60: 781-789.
    • (2013) Endocr J , vol.60 , pp. 781-789
    • Li, E.1    Chung, H.2    Kim, Y.3    Kim, D.H.4    Ryu, J.H.5
  • 12
    • 42449103085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proliferative and protective effects of growth hormone secretagogues on adult rat hippocampal progenitor cells
    • Johansson I, Destefanis S, Aberg ND, Aberg MA, Blomgren K, et al. (2008) Proliferative and protective effects of growth hormone secretagogues on adult rat hippocampal progenitor cells. Endocrinology 149: 2191-2199.
    • (2008) Endocrinology , vol.149 , pp. 2191-2199
    • Johansson, I.1    Destefanis, S.2    Aberg, N.D.3    Aberg, M.A.4    Blomgren, K.5
  • 13
    • 0034656167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral infusion of IGF-I selectively induces neurogenesis in the adult rat hippocampus
    • Aberg MA, Aberg ND, Hedbacker H, Oscarsson J, Eriksson PS (2000) Peripheral infusion of IGF-I selectively induces neurogenesis in the adult rat hippocampus. J Neurosci 20: 2896-2903.
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 2896-2903
    • Aberg, M.A.1    Aberg, N.D.2    Hedbacker, H.3    Oscarsson, J.4    Eriksson, P.S.5
  • 14
    • 67651012802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral administration of GH induces cell proliferation in the brain of adult hypophy-sectomized rats
    • Aberg ND, Johansson I, Aberg MA, Lind J, Johansson UE, et al. (2009) Peripheral administration of GH induces cell proliferation in the brain of adult hypophy-sectomized rats. J Endocrinol 201: 141-150.
    • (2009) J Endocrinol , vol.201 , pp. 141-150
    • Aberg, N.D.1    Johansson, I.2    Aberg, M.A.3    Lind, J.4    Johansson, U.E.5
  • 15
    • 0024307242 scopus 로고
    • Electron-microscopic study on the anterior pituitary gland of spontaneous dwarf rats
    • Nogami H, Suzuki K, Matsui K, Ookuma S, Ishikawa H (1989) Electron-microscopic study on the anterior pituitary gland of spontaneous dwarf rats. Cell Tissue Res 258: 477-482.
    • (1989) Cell Tissue Res , vol.258 , pp. 477-482
    • Nogami, H.1    Suzuki, K.2    Matsui, K.3    Ookuma, S.4    Ishikawa, H.5
  • 16
    • 0024336520 scopus 로고
    • Studies on prolactin and growth hormone gene expression in the pituitary gland of spontaneous dwarf rats
    • Nogami H, Takeuchi T, Suzuki K, Okuma S, Ishikawa H (1989) Studies on prolactin and growth hormone gene expression in the pituitary gland of spontaneous dwarf rats. Endocrinology 125: 964-970.
    • (1989) Endocrinology , vol.125 , pp. 964-970
    • Nogami, H.1    Takeuchi, T.2    Suzuki, K.3    Okuma, S.4    Ishikawa, H.5
  • 17
    • 0025016794 scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanism of growth hormone (GH) deficiency in the spontaneous dwarf rat: Detection of abnormal splicing of GH messenger ribonucleic acid by the polymerase chain reaction
    • Takeuchi T, Suzuki H, Sakurai S, Nogami H, Okuma S, et al. (1990) Molecular mechanism of growth hormone (GH) deficiency in the spontaneous dwarf rat: detection of abnormal splicing of GH messenger ribonucleic acid by the polymerase chain reaction. Endocrinology 126: 31-38.
    • (1990) Endocrinology , vol.126 , pp. 31-38
    • Takeuchi, T.1    Suzuki, H.2    Sakurai, S.3    Nogami, H.4    Okuma, S.5
  • 18
    • 79955754393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory are impaired in growth hormone-deficient spontaneous dwarf rats
    • Li E, Kim DH, Cai M, Lee S, Kim Y, et al. (2011) Hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory are impaired in growth hormone-deficient spontaneous dwarf rats. Endocr J 58: 257-267.
    • (2011) Endocr J , vol.58 , pp. 257-267
    • Li, E.1    Kim, D.H.2    Cai, M.3    Lee, S.4    Kim, Y.5
  • 20
    • 5144223971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial memory, recognition memory, and the hippocampus
    • U S A
    • Broadbent NJ, Squire LR, Clark RE (2004) Spatial memory, recognition memory, and the hippocampus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101: 14515-14520.
    • (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.101 , pp. 14515-14520
    • Broadbent, N.J.1    Squire, L.R.2    Clark, R.E.3
  • 22
    • 0034687376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin induces adiposity in rodents
    • Tschop M, Smiley DL, Heiman ML (2000) Ghrelin induces adiposity in rodents. Nature 407: 908-913.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.407 , pp. 908-913
    • Tschop, M.1    Smiley, D.L.2    Heiman, M.L.3
  • 24
    • 34247481884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of key aspects of precursor cell proliferation, cell cycle length and kinetics in the adult mousesubgranular zone
    • Mandyam CD, Harburg GC, Eisch AJ (2007) Determination of key aspects of precursor cell proliferation, cell cycle length and kinetics in the adult mousesubgranular zone. Neuroscience 146: 108-122.
    • (2007) Neuroscience , vol.146 , pp. 108-122
    • Mandyam, C.D.1    Harburg, G.C.2    Eisch, A.J.3
  • 25
    • 84878799121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple signaling pathways mediate ghrelin-induced proliferation of hippocampal neural stem cells
    • Chung H, Li E, Kim Y, Kim S, Park S (2013) Multiple signaling pathways mediate ghrelin-induced proliferation of hippocampal neural stem cells. J Endocrinol 218: 49-59.
    • (2013) J Endocrinol , vol.218 , pp. 49-59
    • Chung, H.1    Li, E.2    Kim, Y.3    Kim, S.4    Park, S.5
  • 26
    • 0035143816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin, an endogenous growth hormone secretagogue, is a novel orexigenic peptide that antagonizes leptin action through the activation of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y/Y1 receptor pathway
    • Shintani M, Ogawa Y, Ebihara K, Aizawa-Abe M, Miyanaga F, et al. (2001) Ghrelin, an endogenous growth hormone secretagogue, is a novel orexigenic peptide that antagonizes leptin action through the activation of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y/Y1 receptor pathway. Diabetes 50: 227-232.
    • (2001) Diabetes , vol.50 , pp. 227-232
    • Shintani, M.1    Ogawa, Y.2    Ebihara, K.3    Aizawa-Abe, M.4    Miyanaga, F.5
  • 27
    • 70349326314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central ghrelin regulates peripheral lipid metabolism in a growth hormone-independent fashion
    • Sangiao-Alvarellos S, Vazquez MJ, Varela L, Nogueiras R, Saha AK, et al. (2009) Central ghrelin regulates peripheral lipid metabolism in a growth hormone-independent fashion. Endocrinology 150: 4562-4574.
    • (2009) Endocrinology , vol.150 , pp. 4562-4574
    • Sangiao-Alvarellos, S.1    Vazquez, M.J.2    Varela, L.3    Nogueiras, R.4    Saha, A.K.5
  • 29
    • 9444246501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A receptor in pituitary and hypothala-mus that functions in growth hormone release
    • Howard AD, Feighner SD, Cully DF, Arena JP, Liberator PA, et al. (1996) A receptor in pituitary and hypothala-mus that functions in growth hormone release. Science 273: 974-977.
    • (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 974-977
    • Howard, A.D.1    Feighner, S.D.2    Cully, D.F.3    Arena, J.P.4    Liberator, P.A.5
  • 30
    • 0030762351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of mRNA encoding the growth hormone secretagogue receptor in brain and peripheral tissues
    • Guan XM, Yu H, Palyha OC, McKee KK, Feighner SD, et al. (1997) Distribution of mRNA encoding the growth hormone secretagogue receptor in brain and peripheral tissues. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 48: 23-29.
    • (1997) Brain Res Mol Brain Res , vol.48 , pp. 23-29
    • Guan, X.M.1    Yu, H.2    Palyha, O.C.3    McKee, K.K.4    Feighner, S.D.5
  • 32
    • 77954101432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infuence of ghrelin and growth hormone deficiency on AMP-activated protein kinase and hypothalamic lipid metabolism
    • Sangiao-Alvarellos S, Varela L, Vazquez MJ, Da BK, Saha AK, et al. (2010) Infuence of ghrelin and growth hormone deficiency on AMP-activated protein kinase and hypothalamic lipid metabolism. J Neuroendocrinol 22: 543-556.
    • (2010) J Neuroendocrinol , vol.22 , pp. 543-556
    • Sangiao-Alvarellos, S.1    Varela, L.2    Vazquez, M.J.3    Da, B.K.4    Saha, A.K.5
  • 34
    • 34547793039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PI3K/Akt and CREB regulate adult neural hippocampal progenitor proliferation and differentiation
    • Peltier J, O'Neill A, Schaffer DV (2007) PI3K/Akt and CREB regulate adult neural hippocampal progenitor proliferation and differentiation. Dev Neurobiol 67: 1348-1361.
    • (2007) Dev Neurobiol , vol.67 , pp. 1348-1361
    • Peltier, J.1    O'Neill, A.2    Schaffer, D.V.3
  • 35
    • 0037075618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular neurobiology of human cognition
    • Weeber EJ, Sweatt JD (2002) Molecular neurobiology of human cognition. Neuron 33: 845-848.
    • (2002) Neuron , vol.33 , pp. 845-848
    • Weeber, E.J.1    Sweatt, J.D.2
  • 36
    • 3242788185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mood stabilizer valproate promotes ERK pathway-dependent cortical neuronal growth and neurogenesis
    • Hao Y, Creson T, Zhang L, Li P, Du F, et al. (2004) Mood stabilizer valproate promotes ERK pathway-dependent cortical neuronal growth and neurogenesis. J Neurosci 24: 6590-6599.
    • (2004) J Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 6590-6599
    • Hao, Y.1    Creson, T.2    Zhang, L.3    Li, P.4    Du, F.5
  • 37
    • 33845910446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin inhibits apoptosis in hypothalamic neuronal cells during oxygen-glucose deprivation
    • Chung H, Kim E, Lee DH, Seo S, Ju S, et al. (2007) Ghrelin inhibits apoptosis in hypothalamic neuronal cells during oxygen-glucose deprivation. Endocrinology 148: 148-159.
    • (2007) Endocrinology , vol.148 , pp. 148-159
    • Chung, H.1    Kim, E.2    Lee, D.H.3    Seo, S.4    Ju, S.5
  • 38
    • 53349175016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta and ERK1/2 pathways mediate protective effects of acylated and unacylated ghrelin against oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis in primary rat cortical neuronal cells
    • Chung H, Seo S, Moon M, Park S (2008) Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta and ERK1/2 pathways mediate protective effects of acylated and unacylated ghrelin against oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis in primary rat cortical neuronal cells. J Endocrinol 198: 511-521.
    • (2008) J Endocrinol , vol.198 , pp. 511-521
    • Chung, H.1    Seo, S.2    Moon, M.3    Park, S.4
  • 39
    • 0034734123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase blocks proliferation of neural progenitor cells
    • Learish RD, Bruss MD, Haak-Frendscho M (2000) Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase blocks proliferation of neural progenitor cells. Brain Res Dev Brain Res 122: 97-109.
    • (2000) Brain Res Dev Brain Res , vol.122 , pp. 97-109
    • Learish, R.D.1    Bruss, M.D.2    Haak-Frendscho, M.3
  • 40
    • 4344670964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurogenesis response to hypoxia-induced cell death: Map kinase signal transduction mechanisms
    • Zhou L, Del Villar K, Dong Z, Miller CA (2004) Neurogenesis response to hypoxia-induced cell death: map kinase signal transduction mechanisms. Brain Res 1021: 8-19.
    • (2004) Brain Res , vol.1021 , pp. 8-19
    • Zhou, L.1    Del Villar, K.2    Dong, Z.3    Miller, C.A.4
  • 41
    • 33344479006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin controls hippocampal spine synapse density and memory performance
    • Diano S, Farr SA, Benoit SC, McNay EC, da Silva I, et al. (2006) Ghrelin controls hippocampal spine synapse density and memory performance. Nat Neurosci 9: 381-388.
    • (2006) Nat Neurosci , vol.9 , pp. 381-388
    • Diano, S.1    Farr, S.A.2    Benoit, S.C.3    McNay, E.C.4    Da Silva, I.5
  • 42
    • 42749087468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caloric restriction and age affect synaptic proteins in hippocampal CA3 and spatial learning ability
    • Adams MM, Shi L, Linville MC, Forbes ME, Long AB, et al. (2008) Caloric restriction and age affect synaptic proteins in hippocampal CA3 and spatial learning ability. Exp Neurol 211: 141-149.
    • (2008) Exp Neurol , vol.211 , pp. 141-149
    • Adams, M.M.1    Shi, L.2    Linville, M.C.3    Forbes, M.E.4    Long, A.B.5
  • 43
    • 34548854760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caloric restriction increases learning consolidation and facilitates synaptic plasticity through mechanisms dependent on NR2B subunits of the NMDA receptor
    • Fontan-Lozano A, Saez-Cassanelli JL, Inda MC, de los SantosArteaga M, Sierra-Dominguez SA, et al. (2007) Caloric restriction increases learning consolidation and facilitates synaptic plasticity through mechanisms dependent on NR2B subunits of the NMDA receptor. J Neurosci 27: 10185-10195.
    • (2007) J Neurosci , vol.27 , pp. 10185-10195
    • Fontan-Lozano, A.1    Saez-Cassanelli, J.L.2    Inda, M.C.3    De los Santos, A.M.4    Sierra-Dominguez, S.A.5
  • 44
    • 0036488190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary restriction enhances neurotrophin expression and neurogene-sis in the hippocampus of adult mice
    • Lee J, Seroogy KB, Mattson MP (2002) Dietary restriction enhances neurotrophin expression and neurogene-sis in the hippocampus of adult mice. J Neurochem 80: 539-547.
    • (2002) J Neurochem , vol.80 , pp. 539-547
    • Lee, J.1    Seroogy, K.B.2    Mattson, M.P.3
  • 45
    • 46049083776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The orexigenic hormone ghrelin defends against depressive symptoms of chronic stress
    • Lutter M, Sakata I, Osborne-Lawrence S, Rovinsky SA, Anderson JG, et al. (2008) The orexigenic hormone ghrelin defends against depressive symptoms of chronic stress. Nat Neurosci 11: 752-753.
    • (2008) Nat Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 752-753
    • Lutter, M.1    Sakata, I.2    Osborne-Lawrence, S.3    Rovinsky, S.A.4    Anderson, J.G.5
  • 46
    • 0029842319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ischemic brain damage and memory impairment: A commentary
    • Squire LR, Zola SM (1996) Ischemic brain damage and memory impairment: a commentary. Hippocampus 6: 546-552.
    • (1996) Hippocampus , vol.6 , pp. 546-552
    • Squire, L.R.1    Zola, S.M.2
  • 47
    • 50849102954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent insights into the impairment of memory in epilepsy: Transient epileptic amnesia, accelerated long-term forgetting and remote memory impairment
    • Butler CR, Zeman AZ (2008) Recent insights into the impairment of memory in epilepsy: transient epileptic amnesia, accelerated long-term forgetting and remote memory impairment. Brain 131: 2243-2263.
    • (2008) Brain , vol.131 , pp. 2243-2263
    • Butler, C.R.1    Zeman, A.Z.2
  • 48
    • 18144384796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropeptide Y stimulates neu-ronal precursor proliferation in the post-natal and adult dentate gyrus
    • Howell OW, Doyle K, Goodman JH, Scharfman HE, Herzog H, et al. (2005) Neuropeptide Y stimulates neu-ronal precursor proliferation in the post-natal and adult dentate gyrus. J Neurochem 93: 560-570.
    • (2005) J Neurochem , vol.93 , pp. 560-570
    • Howell, O.W.1    Doyle, K.2    Goodman, J.H.3    Scharfman, H.E.4    Herzog, H.5
  • 49
    • 0033457358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple receptors for neuropeptide Y in the hippocampus: Putative roles in seizures and cognition
    • Redrobe JP, Dumont Y, St-Pierre JA, Quirion R (1999) Multiple receptors for neuropeptide Y in the hippocampus: putative roles in seizures and cognition. Brain Res 848: 153-166.
    • (1999) Brain Res , vol.848 , pp. 153-166
    • Redrobe, J.P.1    Dumont, Y.2    St-Pierre, J.A.3    Quirion, R.4
  • 50
    • 0037456519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The distribution and mechanism of action of ghrelin in the CNS demonstrates a novel hypo-thalamic circuit regulating energy homeostasis
    • Cowley MA, Smith RG, Diano S, Tschop M, Pronchuk N, et al. (2003) The distribution and mechanism of action of ghrelin in the CNS demonstrates a novel hypo-thalamic circuit regulating energy homeostasis. Neuron 37: 649-661.
    • (2003) Neuron , vol.37 , pp. 649-661
    • Cowley, M.A.1    Smith, R.G.2    Diano, S.3    Tschop, M.4    Pronchuk, N.5
  • 51
    • 33847231925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (fuox-etine) decreases the effects of ghrelin on memory retention and food intake
    • Carlini VP, Gaydou RC, Schioth HB, de Barioglio SR (2007) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (fuox-etine) decreases the effects of ghrelin on memory retention and food intake. Regul Pept 140: 65-73.
    • (2007) Regul Pept , vol.140 , pp. 65-73
    • Carlini, V.P.1    Gaydou, R.C.2    Schioth, H.B.3    De Barioglio, S.R.4
  • 52
    • 2442525920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serotonin and neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of adult mammals
    • Wars
    • Djavadian RL (2004) Serotonin and neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of adult mammals. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 64: 189-200.
    • (2004) Acta Neurobiol Exp , vol.64 , pp. 189-200
    • Djavadian, R.L.1
  • 53
    • 0035133586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin is an appetite-stimulatory signal from stomach with structural resemblance to motilin
    • Asakawa A, Inui A, Kaga T, Yuzuriha H, Nagata T, et al. (2001) Ghrelin is an appetite-stimulatory signal from stomach with structural resemblance to motilin. Gastroenterology 120: 337-345.
    • (2001) Gastroenterology , vol.120 , pp. 337-345
    • Asakawa, A.1    Inui, A.2    Kaga, T.3    Yuzuriha, H.4    Nagata, T.5
  • 54
    • 0036787457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the gastric afferent vagal nerve in ghrelin-induced feeding and growth hormone secretion in rats
    • Date Y, Murakami N, Toshinai K, Matsukura S, Niijima A, et al. (2002) The role of the gastric afferent vagal nerve in ghrelin-induced feeding and growth hormone secretion in rats. Gastroenterology 123: 1120-1128.
    • (2002) Gastroenterology , vol.123 , pp. 1120-1128
    • Date, Y.1    Murakami, N.2    Toshinai, K.3    Matsukura, S.4    Niijima, A.5
  • 55
    • 79952157408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin suppresses inflammation and neuronal nitric oxide synthase in focal cerebral ischemia via the vagus nerve
    • Cheyuo C, Wu R, Zhou M, Jacob A, Coppa G, et al. (2011) Ghrelin suppresses inflammation and neuronal nitric oxide synthase in focal cerebral ischemia via the vagus nerve. Shock 35: 258-265.
    • (2011) Shock , vol.35 , pp. 258-265
    • Cheyuo, C.1    Wu, R.2    Zhou, M.3    Jacob, A.4    Coppa, G.5
  • 56
    • 36549082065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral functions of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system: An affective neuroethological perspective
    • Alcaro A, Huber R, Panksepp J (2007) Behavioral functions of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system: an affective neuroethological perspective. Brain Res Rev 56: 283-321.
    • (2007) Brain Res Rev , vol.56 , pp. 283-321
    • Alcaro, A.1    Huber, R.2    Panksepp, J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.