Pharmacotherapy of amphetamine-type stimulant dependence: An update

Drug and Alcohol Review

Volumn 32, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 449-460

  Brensilver, Matthew ^a   Heinzerling, Keith G ^a   Shoptaw, Steven ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Agonist; Amphetamine; Methamphetamine; Pharmacogenetics; Pharmacotherapy

Indexed keywords

AMFEBUTAMONE; AMPHETAMINE; CENTRAL STIMULANT AGENT; METHAMPHETAMINE; METHYLPHENIDATE; NALTREXONE;

AGONIST; ANIMAL; DRUG ABUSE; DRUG THERAPY; HUMAN; METHODOLOGY; PHARMACOGENETICS; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW;

AGONIST; AMPHETAMINE; METHAMPHETAMINE; PHARMACOGENETICS; PHARMACOTHERAPY;

AMPHETAMINE; AMPHETAMINE-RELATED DISORDERS; ANIMALS; BUPROPION; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULANTS; HUMANS; METHYLPHENIDATE; NALTREXONE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC;

EID: 84884711235     PISSN: 09595236     EISSN: 14653362     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/dar.12048     Document Type: Review

References (111)

1. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. World drug report, 2012. Vienna, Austria: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2012.
2. Degenhardt LHW. Extent of illicit drug use and dependence, and their contribution to the global burden of disease. Lancet 2012;379:55-70.
3. Welfare AIoHa. 2010 national drug strategy household survey report, 2011 edn. Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2011.
4. Shoptaw S, Reback CJ. Methamphetamine use and infectious disease-related behaviors in men who have sex with men: implications for interventions. Addiction 2007;102 (Suppl 1):130-135. Epub 2007/05/12.
5. Brecht ML, O'Brien A, von Mayrhauser C, Anglin MD. Methamphetamine use behaviors and gender differences. Addict Behav 2004;29:89-106.
6. Farabee D, Prendergast M, Cartier J. Methamphetamine use and HIV risk among substance-abusing offenders in California. J Psychoactive Drugs 2002;34:295-300.
7. Gonzales R, Mooney L, Rawson RA. The methamphetamine problem in the United States. Annu Rev Public Health 2010;31:385-398.
8. Degenhardt L, Roxburgh A, Black E, Bruno R. The epidemiology of methamphetamine use and harm in Australia. Drug Alcohol Rev 2008;31:385-398.
9. Roll JM. Contingency management: an evidence-based component of methamphetamine use disorder treatments. Addiction 2007;102:114-120.
10. Roll JM, Petry NM, Stitzer ML, etal. Contingency management for the treatment of methamphetamine use disorders. Am J Psychiatry 2006;163:1993-1999.
11. Lee NK, Rawson RA. A systematic review of cognitive and behavioural therapies for methamphetamine dependence. Drug Alcohol Rev 2008;27:309-317.
12. Smout MF, Longo M, Harrison S, Minniti R, Wickes W, White JM. Psychosocial treatment for methamphetamine use disorders: a preliminary randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavior therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy. Subst Abuse 2010;31:98-107.
13. Homer BD, Solomon TM, Moeller RW, Mascia A, DeRaleau L, Halkitis PN. Methamphetamine abuse and impairment of social functioning: a review of the underlying neurophysiological causes and behavioral implications. Psychol Bull 2008;134:301-310.
14. Fleckenstein AE, Volz TJ, Hanson GR. Psychostimulant-induced alterations in vesicular monoamine transporter-2 function: neurotoxic and therapeutic implications. Neuropharmacology 2009;56:133-138.
15. Fleckenstein AE, Gibb JW, Hanson GR. Differential effects of stimulants on monoaminergic transporters: pharmacological consequences and implications for neurotoxicity. Eur J Pharmacol 2000;406:1-13.
16. Koob GF, Le Moal M. Addiction and the brain antireward system. Annu Rev Psychol 2008;59:29-53.
17. Kalivas PW, O'Brien C. Drug addiction as a pathology of staged neuroplasticity. Neuropsychopharmacology 2007;33:166-180.
18. Chen CK, Lin SK, Sham P, etal. Pre-morbid characteristics and co-morbidity of methamphetamine users with and without psychosis. Psychol Med 2003;33:1407-1414.
19. Scott JC, Woods SP, Matt GE, etal. Neurocognitive effects of methamphetamine: a critical review and meta-analysis. Neuropsychol Rev 2007;17:275-297.
20. Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Walters EE. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005;62:617.
21. Charney DA, Palacios-Boix J, Negrete JC, Dobkin PL, Gill KJ. Association between concurrent depression and anxiety and six-month outcome of addiction treatment. Psychiatr Serv 2005;56:927-933.
22. Ray LA, Chin PF, Miotto K. Naltrexone for the treatment of alcoholism: clinical findings, mechanisms of action, and pharmacogenetics. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2010;9:13-22.
23. Krupitsky EZE, Blokhina E, Verbitskaya E, etal. Randomized trial of long-acting sustained-release naltrexone implant vs oral naltrexone or placebo for preventing relapse to opioid dependence. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2012;69:973-981.
24. Wood AJJ, Henningfield JE. Nicotine medications for smoking cessation. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1196-1203.
25. Johnson RE, Chutuape MA, Strain EC, Walsh SL, Stitzer ML, Bigelow GE. A comparison of levomethadyl acetate, buprenorphine, and methadone for opioid dependence. N Engl J Med 2000;343:1290-1297.
26. Johnson RE, Jaffe JH, Fudala PJ. A controlled trial of buprenorphine treatment for opioid dependence. JAMA 1992;267:2750-2755.
27. Jayaram-Lindström N, Wennberg P, Beck O, Franck J. An open clinical trial of naltrexone for amphetamine dependence: compliance and tolerability. Nord J Psychiatry 2005;59:167-171.
28. Jayaram-Lindstrom N, Hammarberg A, Beck O, Franck J. Naltrexone for the treatment of amphetamine dependence: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Psychiatry 2008;165:1442-1448.
29. Tiihonen J, Krupitsky E, Verbitskaya E, etal. Naltrexone implant for the treatment of polydrug dependence: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Psychiatry 2012;169:531-536.
30. Meredith CW, Jaffe C, Yanasak E, Cherrier M, Saxon AJ. An open-label pilot study of risperidone in the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. J Psychoactive Drugs 2007;39:167-172.
31. Meredith CW, Jaffe C, Cherrier M, etal. Open trial of injectable risperidone for methamphetamine dependence. J Addict Med 2009;3:55-65.
32. Nejtek VA, Avila M, Chen LA, etal. Do atypical antipsychotics effectively treat co-occurring bipolar disorder and stimulant dependence? A randomized, double-blind trial. J Clin Psychiatry 2008;69:1257-1266.
33. Wachtel SR, Ortengren A, Wit H. The effects of acute haloperidol or risperidone on subjective responses to methamphetamine in healthy volunteers. Drug Alcohol Depend 2002;68:23-33.
34. Shapiro DA, Renock S, Arrington E, etal. Aripiprazole: a novel atypical antipsychotic drug with a unique and robust pharmacology. Neuropsychopharmacology 2003;28:1400-1411.
35. Tiihonen J, Kuoppasalmi K, Fohr J, etal. A comparison of aripiprazole, methylphenidate, and placebo for amphetamine dependence. Am J Psychiatry 2007;164:160-162.
36. Kampman KM, Pettinati H, Lynch KG, Sparkman T, O'Brien CP. A pilot trial of olanzapine for the treatment of cocaine dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2003;70:265-273.
37. Grabowski J, Rhoades H, Silverman P, etal. Risperidone for the treatment of cocaine dependence: randomized, double-blind trial. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2000;20:305-310.
38. Sulaiman AH, Gill JS, Said MA, Zainal NZ, Hussein HM, Guan NC. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of aripiprazole for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence and associated psychosis. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2012; http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/13651501.2012.667116 [Epub ahead of print].
39. Herin DV, Rush CR, Grabowski J. Agonist-like pharmacotherapy for stimulant dependence: preclinical, human laboratory, and clinical studies. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2010;1187:76-100.
40. Shearer J, Wodak A, Mattick RP, etal. Pilot randomized controlled study of dexamphetamine substitution for amphetamine dependence. Addiction 2001;96:1289-1296.
41. Longo M, Wickes W, Smout M, Harrison S, Cahill S, White JM. Randomized controlled trial of dexamphetamine maintenance for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. Addiction 2010;105:146-154.
42. Galloway GP, Buscemi R, Coyle JR, etal. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of sustained-release dextroamphetamine for treatment of methamphetamine addiction. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2011;89:276-282.
43. Ballon JS, Feifel D. A systematic review of modafinil: potential clinical uses and mechanisms of action. J Clin Psychiatry 2006;67:554-566.
44. Bernardi RE, Lewis JR, Lattal KM, Berger SP. Modafinil reinstates a cocaine conditioned place preference following extinction in rats. Behav Brain Res 2009;204:250-253.
45. Volkow ND, Fowler JS, Logan J, etal. Effects of modafinil on dopamine and dopamine transporters in the male human brain: clinical implications. JAMA 2009;301:1148-1154.
46. Sofuoglu M. Cognitive enhancement as a pharmacotherapy target for stimulant addiction. Addiction 2010;105:38-48.
47. McElhiney MC, Rabkin JG, Rabkin R, Nunes EV. Provigil (modafinil) plus cognitive behavioral therapy for methamphetamine use in HIV+ gay men: a pilot study. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2009;35:34-37.
48. McGaugh J, Mancino MJ, Feldman Z, etal. Open-label pilot study of modafinil for methamphetamine dependence. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2009;29:488-491. Epub 2009/09/12.
49. Shearer J, Darke S, Rodgers C, etal. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of modafinil (200mg/day) for methamphetamine dependence. Addiction 2009;104:224-233.
50. Heinzerling KG, Swanson AN, Kim S, etal. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of modafinil for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2010;109:20-29.
51. Anderson AL, Li S-H, Biswas K, etal. Modafinil for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2012;120:135-141.
52. Loland CJ, Mereu M, Okunola OM, etal. R-Modafinil (Armodafinil): a unique dopamine uptake inhibitor and potential medication for psychostimulant abuse. Biol Psychiatry 2012;72:405-413.
53. Dwoskin LP, Rauhut AS, King-Pospisil KA, Bardo MT. Review of the pharmacology and clinical profile of bupropion, an antidepressant and tobacco use cessation agent. CNS Drug Rev 2006;12:178-207.
54. Rau KS, Birdsall E, Hanson JE, etal. Bupropion increases striatal vesicular monoamine transport. Neuropharmacology 2005;49:820-830.
55. Elkashef AM, Rawson RA, Anderson AL, etal. Bupropion for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. Neuropsychopharmacology 2008;33:1162-1170.
56. Shoptaw S, Heinzerling KG, Rotheram-Fuller E, etal. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of bupropion for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2008;96:222-232.
57. Das M, Santos D, Matheson T, etal. Feasibility and acceptability of a phase II randomized pharmacologic intervention for methamphetamine dependence in high-risk men who have sex with men. AIDS 2010;24:991-1000.
58. Galloway GP, Newmeyer J, Knapp T, Stalcup SA, Smith D. A controlled trial of imipramine for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. J Subst Abuse Treat 1996;13:493-497.
59. Batki S, Moon J, Bradley M, etal. Fluoxetine in methamphetamine dependence-a controlled trial: preliminary analysis. NIDA Research Monograph: Government Printing Office; 1999. p. 235.
60. Shoptaw S, Huber A, Peck J, etal. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of sertraline and contingency management for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2006;85:12-18.
61. Johnson BA, Roache JD, Javors MA, etal. Ondansetron for reduction of drinking among biologically predisposed alcoholic patients. JAMA 2000;284:963-971.
62. Johnson BA, Ait-Daoud N, Seneviratne C, etal. Pharmacogenetic approach at the serotonin transporter gene as a method of reducing the severity of alcohol drinking. Am J Psychiatry 2011;168:265-275.
63. Barnes NM, Sharp T. A review of central 5-HT receptors and their function. Neuropharmacology 1999;38:1083-1152.
64. Johnson BA, Ait-Daoud N, Elkashef AM, etal. A preliminary randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the safety and efficacy of ondansetron in the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2008;11:1-14.
65. Johnson BA, Roache JD, Ait-Daoud N, etal. A preliminary randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the safety and efficacy of ondansetron in the treatment of cocaine dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2006;84:256-263.
66. Piasecki MP, Steinagel GM, Thienhaus OJ, Kohlenberg BS. An exploratory study: the use of paroxetine for methamphetamine craving. J Psychoactive Drugs 2002;34:301-304.
67. Anttila SAK, Leinonen EVJ. A review of the pharmacological and clinical profile of mirtazapine. CNS Drug Rev 2001;7:249-264.
68. Colfax GN, Santos G-M, Das M, etal. Mirtazapine to reduce methamphetamine use: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2011;68:1168-1175.
69. Cruickshank CC, Montebello ME, Dyer KR, etal. A placebo-controlled trial of mirtazapine for the management of methamphetamine withdrawal. Drug Alcohol Rev 2008;27:326-333.
70. Shoptaw S, Yang X, Rotheram-Fuller EJ, etal. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of baclofen for cocaine dependence: preliminary effects for individuals with chronic patterns of cocaine use. J Clin Psychiatry 2003;64:1440-1448.
71. Rose M, Kam P. Gabapentin: pharmacology and its use in pain management. Anaesthesia 2002;57:451-462.
72. Petroff OAC, Rothman DL, Behar KL, Lamoureux D, Mattson RH. The effect of gabapentin on brain gamma-aminobutyric acid in patients with epilepsy. Ann Neurol 1996;39:95-99.
73. Heinzerling KG, Shoptaw S, Peck JA, etal. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of baclofen and gabapentin for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2006;85:177-184.
74. Ling W, Shoptaw S, Hillhouse M, etal. Double-blind placebo-controlled evaluation of the PROMETA™ protocol for methamphetamine dependence. Addiction 2012;107:361-369.
75. Elkashef A, Kahn R, Yu E, etal. Topiramate for the treatment of methamphetamine addiction: a multi-center placebo-controlled trial. Addiction 2012;107:1297-1306.
76. Hillhouse MP, Marinelli-Casey P, Gonzales R, Ang A, Rawson RA, Authors MTPC. Predicting in-treatment performance and post-treatment outcomes in methamphetamine users. Addiction 2007;102:84-95.
77. Brecht ML, Greenwell L, Von Mayrhauser C, Anglin MD. Two-year outcomes of treatment for methamphetamine use. J Psychoactive Drugs 2006;38 (Suppl 3):415-426.
78. Brecht ML, Greenwell L, Anglin MD. Methamphetamine treatment: trends and predictors of retention and completion in a large state treatment system (1992-2002). J Subst Abuse Treat 2005;29:295-306.
79. Dean AC, London ED, Sugar CA, etal. Predicting adherence to treatment for methamphetamine dependence from neuropsychological and drug use variables. Drug Alcohol Depend 2009;105:48-55.
80. Evans WE, McLeod HL. Pharmacogenomics-drug disposition, drug targets, and side effects. N Engl J Med 2003;348:538-549.
81. Faraone SV, Perlis RH, Doyle AE, etal. Molecular genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2005;57:1313-1323.
82. Uhl GR, Drgon T, Liu QR, etal. Genome-wide association for methamphetamine dependence: convergent results from 2 samples. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2008;65:345.
83. Ujike H, Harano M, Inada T, etal. Nine-or fewer repeat alleles in VNTR polymorphism of the dopamine transporter gene is a strong risk factor for prolonged methamphetamine psychosis. The Pharmacogenomics J 2003;3:242-247.
84. Cherner M, Bousman C, Everall I, etal. Cytochrome P450-2D6 extensive metabolizers are more vulnerable to methamphetamine-associated neurocognitive impairment: preliminary findings. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2010;16:890-901.
85. Haile CN, Kosten TR, Kosten TA. Pharmacogenetic treatments for drug addiction: cocaine, amphetamine and methamphetamine. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2009;35:161-177.
86. Heinzerling KG, McCracken JT, Swanson A-N, Ray LA, Shoptaw SJ. COMT Val158Met, BDNF Val66Met, and OPRM1 Asn40Asp and methamphetamine dependence treatment response: preliminary investigation. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2012;32:135-137.
87. Heinzerling KG, Shoptaw S. Gender, brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met, and frequency of methamphetamine use. Gend Med 2012;9:112-120.
88. Arrowsmith J. Trial watch: phase II failures: 2008-2010. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2011;10:328-329.
89. Paul SM, Mytelka DS, Dunwiddie CT, etal. How to improve R&D productivity: the pharmaceutical industry's grand challenge. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2010;9:203-214.
90. Boguski MS, Mandl KD, Sukhatme VP. Repurposing with a difference. Science 2009;324:1394-1395.
91. Morgan P, Van Der Graaf PH, Arrowsmith J, etal. Can the flow of medicines be improved? Fundamental pharmacokinetic and pharmacological principles toward improving Phase II survival. Drug Discov Today 2012;17:419-424.
92. Prinz F, Schlange T, Asadullah K. Believe it or not: how much can we rely on published data on potential drug targets? Nat Rev Drug Discov 2011;10:712-713.
93. Gashaw I, Ellinghaus P, Sommer A, Asadullah K. What makes a good drug target? Drug Discov Today 2012;17:S24-S30.
94. Threlfell S, Lalic T, Platt Nicola J, Jennings Katie A, Deisseroth K, Cragg Stephanie J. Striatal dopamine release is triggered by synchronized activity in cholinergic interneurons. Neuron 2012;75:58-64.
95. Tolu S, Eddine R, Marti F, etal. Co-activation of VTA DA and GABA neurons mediates nicotine reinforcement. Mol Psychiatry 2013;18:382-393.
96. Perkins K, Lerman C, Fonte C, etal. Cross-validation of a new procedure for early screening of smoking cessation medications in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2010;88:109-114.
97. Lerman C, LeSage MG, Perkins KA, etal. Translational research in medication development for nicotine dependence. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2007;6:746-762.
98. Mullard A. Drug repurposing programmes get lift off. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2012;11:505-506.
99. Oprea TI, Bauman JE, Bologa CG, etal. Drug repurposing from an academic perspective. Drug Discov Today Ther Strateg 2011;8:61-69.
100. McCann DJ. Recent advances in medications development for the treatment of substance use disorders. Paper Presented at the 74th Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence. 2012: La Quinta, CA, June 12, 2012.
101. Mihalak KB, Carroll FI, Luetje CW. Varenicline is a partial agonist at alpha4beta2 and a full agonist at alpha7 neuronal nicotinic receptors. Mol Pharmacol 2006;70:801-805.
102. Plebani JG, Lynch KG, Yu Q, Pettinati HM, O'Brien CP, Kampman KM. Results of an initial clinical trial of varenicline for the treatment of cocaine dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2012;121:163-166.
103. Mitchell JM, Teague CH, Kayser AS, Bartlett SE, Fields HL. Varenicline decreases alcohol consumption in heavy-drinking smokers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2012;223:299-306.
104. Dobbs LK, Mark GP. Comparison of systemic and local methamphetamine treatment on acetylcholine and dopamine levels in the ventral tegmental area in the mouse. Neuroscience 2008;156:700-711.
105. Hiranita T, Nawata Y, Sakimura K, Anggadiredja K, Yamamoto T. Suppression of methamphetamine-seeking behavior by nicotinic agonists. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006;103:8523-8527.
106. De La Garza R 2nd, Mahoney JJ III, Culbertson C, Shoptaw S, Newton TF. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitor rivastigmine does not alter total choices for methamphetamine, but may reduce positive subjective effects, in a laboratory model of intravenous self-administration in human volunteers. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2008;89:200-208.
107. Kalivas PW, Volkow ND. The neural basis of addiction: a pathology of motivation and choice. Am J Psychiatry 2005;162:1403-1413.
108. Reissner KJ, Kalivas PW, Reissner K, Kalivas P. Using glutamate homeostasis as a target for treating addictive disorders. Behav Pharmacol 2010;21:514-522.
109. Moussawi K, Pacchioni A, Moran M, etal. N-Acetylcysteine reverses cocaine-induced metaplasticity. Nat Neurosci 2009;12:182-189.
110. Newman AH, Blaylock BL, Nader MA, Bergman J, Sibley DR, Skolnick P. Medication discovery for addiction: translating the dopamine D3 receptor hypothesis. Biochem Pharmacol 2012;84:882-890.
111. Winhusen T, Brady KT, Stitzer M, etal. Evaluation of buspirone for relapse-prevention in adults with cocaine dependence: an efficacy trial conducted in the real world. Contemp Clin Trials 2012;33:993-1002.