Emerging biomarkers in glioblastoma

Cancers

Volumn 5, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 1103-1119

  McNamara, Mairéad G ^a   Sahebjam, Solmaz ^a   Mason, Warren P ^a  

^a PRINCESS MARGARET HOSPITAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

Glioblastoma; Imaging biomarkers; Molecular biomarkers; Molecular classification of glioblastoma

Indexed keywords

3' FLUOROTHYMIDINE F 18; BEVACIZUMAB; CD133 ANTIGEN; CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR 2A; CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE; DNA; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR; FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE F 18; GLYCEROETHANOLAMINE; GLYCEROPHOSPHORYLCHOLINE; IRINOTECAN; ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE; LATROPHILIN; MESSENGER RNA; METHYLATED DNA PROTEIN CYSTEINE METHYLTRANSFERASE; MICRORNA; PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3,4,5 TRISPHOSPHATE 3 PHOSPHATASE; PHOSPHOETHANOLAMINE; PHOSPHOLIPID DERIVATIVE; PHOSPHORYLCHOLINE; PROTEIN P53; TELOMERASE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE; TEMOZOLOMIDE; TUMOR MARKER; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VASCULOTROPIN;

ADJUVANT CHEMORADIOTHERAPY; APPARENT DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT; CANCER CLASSIFICATION; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER PROGNOSIS; CANCER STEM CELL; CANCER SURVIVAL; CD133 GENE; CHROMOSOME 1; CHROMOSOME 10Q; CHROMOSOME 19Q; CHROMOSOME 1P; DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT; DIFFUSION TENSOR IMAGING; DNA METHYLATION; ELTD1 GENE; GENE EXPRESSION; GENE MUTATION; GLIOBLASTOMA; HETEROZYGOSITY LOSS; HUMAN; MAGNETIC RESONANCE FLUID ATTENUATION INVERSION RECOVERY T2 IMAGING; METABOLITE; MGMT GENE; NEUROIMAGING; NONHUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OVERALL SURVIVAL; P16INK4A GENE; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PROMOTER REGION; RECURRENT CANCER; REVIEW; TREATMENT RESPONSE;

EID: 84884220092     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20726694     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/cancers5031103     Document Type: Review

References (57)

1. Stupp, R.; Hegi, M.E.; Mason, W.P.; van den Bent, M.J.; Taphoorn, M.J.; Janzer, R.C.; Ludwin, S.K.; Allgeier, A.; Fisher, B.; Belanger, K.; et al. Effects of radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide versus radiotherapy alone on survival in glioblastoma in a randomized phase III study: 5-Year analysis of the EORTC-NCIC trial. Lancet Oncol. 2009, 10, 459-466.
2. Polley, M.Y.; Lamborn, K.R.; Chang, S.M.; Butowski, N.; Clarke, J.L.; Prados, M. Conditional probability of survival in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 2011, 29, 4175-4180.
3. Stupp, R.; Mason, W.P.; van den Bent, M.J.; Weller, M.; Fisher, B.; Taphoorn, M.J.; Belanger, K.; Brandes, A.A.; Marosi, C.; Bogdahn, U.; et al. Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide for glioblastoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 2005, 352, 987-996.
4. Verhaak, R.G.; Hoadley, K.A.; Purdom, E.; Wang, V.; Qi, Y.; Wilkerson, M.D.; Miller, C.R.; Ding, L.; Golub, T.; Mesirov, J.P.; et al. Integrated genomic analysis identifies clinically relevant subtypes of glioblastoma characterized by abnormalities in PDGFRA, IDH1, EGFR, and NF1. Cancer Cell 2010, 17, 98-110.
5. Phillips, H.S.; Kharbanda, S.; Chen, R.; Forrest, W.F.; Soriano, R.H.; Wu, T.D.; Misra, A.; Nigro, J.M.; Colman, H.; Soroceanu, L.; et al. Molecular subclasses of high-grade glioma predict prognosis, delineate a pattern of disease progression, and resemble stages in neurogenesis. Cancer Cell 2006, 9, 157-173.
6. Jiao, Y.; Killela, P.J.; Reitman, Z.J.; Rasheed, A.B.; Heaphy, C.M.; de Wilde, R.F.; Rodriguez, F.J.; Rosemberg, S.; Oba-Shinjo, S.M.; Marie, S.K.N.; et al. Frequent ATRX, CIC, FUBP1 and IDH1 mutations refine the classification of malignant gliomas. Oncotarget 2012, 3, 709-722.
7. Di Stefano, A.L.; Enciso-Mora, V.; Marie, Y.; Desestret, V.; Labussiere, M.; Boisselier, B.; Mokhtari, K.; Idbaih, A.; Hoang-Xuan, K.; Delattre, J.Y.; et al. Association between glioma susceptibility loci and tumour pathology defines specific molecular etiologies. Neurooncology 2013, 15, 542-547.
8. Hegi, M.E.; Janzer, R.C.; Lambiv, W.L.; Gorlia, T.; Kouwenhoven, M.C.M.; Hartmann, C.; von Deimling, A.; Martinet, D.; Schmutz, N.B.; Diserens, A.C.; et al. Presence of an oligodendroglioma-like component in newly diagnosed glioblastoma identifies a pathogenetically heterogenous subgroup and lacks prognostic value: Central pathology review of the EORTC_26981/NCIC_CE.3 trial. Acta Neuropathol. 2012, 123, 841-852.
9. Schmidt, M.C.; Antweiler, S.; Urban, N.; Mueller, W.; Kuklik, A.; Meyer-Puttlitz, B.; Wiestler, O.D.; Louis, D.N.; Fimmers, R.; von Deimling, A. Impact of genotype and morphology on the prognosis of glioblastoma. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 2002, 61, 321-328.
10. Jansen, M.; Yip, S.; Louis, D.N. Molecular pathology in adult neuro-oncology: An update on diagnostic, prognostic and predictive markers. Lancet Neuro. 2010, 9, 717-726.
11. Ang, C.; Guiot, M.C.; Ramanakumar, A.V.; Roberge, D.; Kavan, P. Clinical significance of molecular biomarkers in glioblastoma. Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 2010, 37, 625-630.
12. Towner, R.A.; Jensen, R.L.; Colman, H.; Vaillant, B.; Smith, N.; Casteel, R.; Saunders, D.; Gillespie, D.L.; Silasi-Mansat, R.; Lupu, F.; et al. ELTD1, a potential new biomarker for gliomas. Neurosurgery 2013, 72, 77-90.
13. Bell, E.H.; Hadziahmetovic, M.; Chakravarti, A. Evolvement of molecular biomarkers in targeted therapy of malignant gliomas. In Brain Tumors-Current and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies, 1st ed.; Abujamra, A.L., Ed.; InTech Europe: Rijeka, Croatia, 2011; pp. 117-142.
14. Tabatabai, G.; Stupp, R.; van den Bent, M.J.; Hegi, M.E.; Tonn, J.C.; Wick, W.; Weller, M. Molecular diagnostics of gliomas: The clinical perspective. Acta Neuropathol. 2010, 120, 585-592.
15. Kadenbach, B.; Huttemann, M.; Arnold, S.; Lee, I.; Bender, E. Mitochondrial energy metabolism is regulated via nuclear-coded subunits of cytochrome c oxidase. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2000, 29, 211-221.
16. Hattingen, E.; Bahr, O.; Rieger, J.; Blasel, S.; Steinbach, J.; Pilatus, U. Phospholipid metabolites in recurrent glioblastoma: In vivo markers detect different tumor phenotypes before and under antiangiogenic therapy. PLoS One 2013, 8, e56439.
17. Shervington, A.; Patel, R.; Lu, C.; Cruickshanks, N.; Lea, R.; Roberts, G.; Dawson, T.; Shervington, L. Telomerase subunits expression variation between biopsy samples and cell lines derived from malignant glioma. Brain Res. 2007, 1134, 45-52.
18. Boldrini, L.; Pistolesi, S.; Gisfredi, S.; Ursino, S.; Ali, G.; Pieracci, N.; Basolo, F.; Parenti, G.; Fontanini, G. Telomerase activity and hTERT mRNA expression in glial tumors. Int. J. Oncol. 2006, 28, 1555-1560.
19. Qiu, S.; Lin, S.; Hu, D.; Feng, Y.; Tan, Y.; Peng, Y. Interactions of miR-323/miR-326/miR-329 and miR-130a/miR-155/miR-210 as prognostic indicators for clinical outcome of glioblastoma patients. J. Transl. Med. 2013, 11, e10.
20. Metellus, P.; Nanni-Metellus, I.; Delfino, C.; Colin, C.; Tchogandjian, A.; Coulibaly, B.; Fina, F.; Loundou, A.; Barrie, M.; Chinot, O.; et al. Prognostic impact of CD133 mRNA expression in 48 glioblastoma patients treated with concomitant radiochemotherapy: A prospective patient cohort at a single institution. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 2011, 18, 2937-2945.
21. Yan, X.; Ma, L.; Yi, D.; Yoon, J.G.; Diercks, A.; Flotz, G.; Price, N.D.; Hood, L.E.; Tian, Q. A CD133-related gene expression signature identifies an aggressive glioblatoma subtype with excessive mutations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2011, 108, 1591-1596.
22. Hegi, M.E.; Diserens, A.C.; Gorlia, T.; Hamou, M.F.; de Tribolet, N.; Weller, M.; Kros, J.M.; Hainfellner, J.A.; Mason, W.; Mariani, L.; et al. MGMT gene silencing and benefit from temozolomide in glioblastoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 2005, 352, 997-1003.
23. Mason, S.; McDonald, K. MGMT testing for glioma in clinical laboratories: Discordance with methylation analyses prevents the implementation of routine immunohistochemistry. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 2012, 138, 1789-1797.
24. Noushmehr, H.; Weisenberger, D.J.; Diefes, K.; Phillips, H.S.; Pujara, K.; Berman, B.P.; Pan, F.; Pelloski, C.E.; Sulman, E.P.; Bhat, K.P.; et al. Identification of a CpG island methylator phenotype that defines a distinct subgroup of glioma. Cancer Cell 2010, 17, 510-522.
25. Shinawi, T.; Hill, V.K.; Krex, D.; Schackert, G.; Gentle, D.; Morris, M.R.; Wei, W.; Cruickshank, G.; Maher, E.R.; Latif, F. DNA methylation profiles of long- and short-term glioblastoma survivors. Epigenetics 2013, 8, 149-156.
26. Riemenschneider, M.J.; Jeuken, J.W.; Wesseling, P.; Reifenberger, G. Molecular diagnostics of gliomas: State of the art. Acta Neuropathol. 2010, 120, 567-584.
27. Gladson, C.L.; Prayson, R.A.; Liu, W.M. The pathobiology of glioma tumors. Annu. Rev. Pathol. 2010, 5, 33-50.
28. Ohgaki, H.; Dessen, P.; Jourde, B.; Horstmann, S.; Nishikawa, T.; di Patre, P.L.; Burkhard, C.; Schuler, D.; Probst-Hensch, N.M.; Maiorka, P.C.; et al. Genetic pathways to glioblastoma: A population-based study. Cancer Res. 2004, 64, 6892-6899.
29. Fults, D.; Pedone, C.A.; Thompson, G.E.; Uchiyama, C.M.; Gumpper, K.L.; IIiev, D.; Vinson, V.L.; Tavtigian, S.V.; Perry, W.L., 3rd. Microsatellite deletion mapping on chromosome 10q and mutation analysis of MMAC1, FAS, and MXI1 in human glioblastoma multiforme. Int. J. Oncol. 1998, 12, 905-910.
30. Wooten, E.C.; Fults, D.; Duggirala, R.; Williams, K.; Kyritsis, A.P.; Bondy, M.L.; Levin, V.A.; O'Connell, P. A study of loss of heterozygosity at 70 loci in anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme with implications for tumor evolution. Neurooncology 1999, 1, 169-176.
31. Kakkar, A.; Suri, V.; Jha, P.; Srivastava, A.; Sharma, V.; Pathak, P.; Sharma, M.C.; Sharma, M.S.; Kale, S.S.; Chosdol, K.; et al. Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 10q in glioblastomas, and its association with other genetic alterations and survival in Indian patients. Neurol. India 2011, 59, 254-261.
32. Fischer, I.; Aldape, K. Molecular tools: Biology, prognosis, and therapeutic triage. Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. 2010, 20, 273-282.
33. Simpson, L.; Parsons, R. PTEN: Life as a tumor suppressor. Exp. Cell Res. 2001, 264, 29-41.
34. Kim, B.; Myung, J.K.; Seo, J.H.; Park, C.K.; Paek, S.H.; Kim, D.G.; Jung, H.W.; Park, S.H. The clinicopathologic values of the molecules associated with the main pathogenesis of the glioblastoma. J. Neurol. Sci. 2010, 294, 112-118.
35. Griguer, C.; Cantor, A.B.; Fathallah-Shaykh, H.M.; Gillespie, G.Y.; Gordon, A.S.; Markert, J.M.; Radovanovic, I.; Clement-Schatio, V.; Shannon, C.N.; Oliva, C.R. Prognostic relevance of Cytochrome c Oxidase in primary Glioblastoma Multiforme. PLoS One 2013, 8, e61035.
36. Kozomara, A.; Griffiths-Jones, S. miRBase: Integrating microRNA annotation and deep-sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011, 39, D152-D157.
37. Mizoguchi, M.; Guan, Y.; Yoshimoto, K.; Hata, N.; Amano, T.; Nakamizo, A.; Sasaki, T. Clinical implications of microRNAs in human glioblastoma. Front. Oncol. 2013, 3, e19.
38. Wu, Z.; Sun, L.; Wang, H.; Yao, J.; Jiang, C; Xu, W.; Yang, Z. MiR-328 expression is decreased in high-grade gliomas and is associated with worse survival in primary glioblastoma. PLoS One 2012, 7, e47270.
39. Lakomy, R; Sana, J.; Hankeova, S.; Fadrus, P.; Kren, L.; Lzicarova, E.; Svoboda, M.; Dolezelova, H.; Smrcka, M.; Vyzula, R; et al. MiR-195, miR-196b, miR-181c, miR-21 expression levels and o-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase methylation status are associated with clinical outcome in glioblastoma patients. Cancer Sci. 2011, 102, 2186-2190.
40. Wang, Q.; Pengcun, L.; Ailin, L.; Jiang, W.; Wang, H.; Wang, J.; Xie, K. Plasma specific miRNAa as predictive biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of glioma. J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res. 2012, 31, e97.
41. Fox, J.L.; Dews, M.; Minn, A.J.; Thomas-Tikhonenko, A. Targeting of TGFβ signature and its essential component CTGF by miR-18 correlates with improved survival in glioblastoma. RNA 2013, 19, 177-190.
42. Wong, S.T.; Zhang, X.Q.; Zhuang, J.T.; Chan, H.L.; Li, C.H.; Leung, G.K. MicroRNA-21 inhibition enhances in vitro chemosensitivity of temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma cells. Anticancer Res. 2012, 32, 2835-2841.
43. Cho, D.Y.; Lin, S.Z.; Yang, W.K.; Hsu, DM.; Lin, H.L.; Lee, H.C.; Lee, W.Y.; Chiu, S.C. The role of cancer stem cells (CD133(+)) in malignant gliomas. Cell Transplant. 2011, 20, 121-125.
44. Melguizo, C; Prados, J.; Gonzalez, B.; Ortiz, R; Concha, A.; Alvarez, P.J.; Madeddu, R; Perazzoli, G; Oliver, J.A.; Lopez, R.; et al. MGMT promoter methylation status and MGMT and CD133 immunohistochemical expression as prognostic markers in glioblastoma patients treated with temozolomide plus radiotherapy. J. Transl. Med. 2012, 10, e250.
45. Beier, D.; Schulz, J.B.; Beier, C.P. Chemoresistance of glioblastoma cancer stem cells-much more complex than expected. Mol. Cancer 2011, 10, e128.
46. Chiang, M.F.; Chou, P.Y.; Wang, W.J.; Sze, C.I.; Chang, N.S. Tumor suppressor WWOX and p53 alterations and drug resistance in glioblastomas. Front. Oncol. 2013, 3, e43.
47. Soda, Y.; Myskiw, C; Rommel, A.; Verma, I.M. Mechanisms of neovascularization and resistance to anti-angiogenic therapies in glioblastoma multiforme. J. Mol. Med. (Berl) 2013, 91, 439-448.
48. Jamal, M.; Rath, B.H.; Tsang, P.S.; Camphausen, K.; Tofilon, P.J. The brain microenvironment preferentially enhances the radioresistance of CD133 (+) glioblastoma stem-like cells. Neoplasia 2012, 14, 150-158.
49. He, J.; Liu, Y.; Zhu, T.; Zhu, J.; Dimeco, F.; Vescovi, A.L.; Heth, J.A.; Muraszko, K.M.; Fan, X.; Lubman, D.M. CD90 is identified as a candidate marker for cancer stem cells in primary high-grade gliomas using tissue microarrays. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 2012, doi: 10.1074/mcp.M111.010744.
50. Jain, R., Poisson, L., Narang, J., Gutman, D., Scarpace, L., Hwang, S.N., Holder, C., Wintermark, M., Colen, R.R., Kirby, J., et al. Genomic mapping and survival prediction in glioblastoma: Molecular subclassification strengthened by hemodynamic imaging biomarkers. Radiology 2013, 267, 212-220.
51. Carrillo, J.A., Lai, A., Nghiemphu, P.L., Kim, H.J., Phillips, H.S., Kharbanda, S.; Moftakhar, P.; Lalaezari, S.; Yong, W., Ellingson, B.M., et al. Relationship between tumor enhancement, edema, IDH1 mutational status, MGMT promoter methylation, and survival in glioblastoma. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 2012, 33, 1349-1355.
52. Chandrasekaran, S.; Hollander, A.; Xu, X.; Benci, J.L.; Davis, J.J.; Dorsey, J.F.; Kao, G. 18F-fluorothymidine-PET imaging of glioblastoma multiforme: Effects of radiation therapy on radiotracer uptake and molecular biomarker patterns. Scientific World J. 2013, 2013, 796029.
53. Pope, W.B.; Lai, A.; Mehta, R.; Kim, H.J.; Qiao, J.; Young, J.R.; Xue, X.; Goldin, J.; Brown, M.S.; Nghiemphu, P.L., et al. Apparent diffusion coefficient histogram analysis stratifies progression-free survival in newly diagnosed bevacizumab-treated glioblastoma. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 2011, 32, 882-889.
54. Pope, W.B.; Mirsadraei, L.; Lai, A.; Eskin, A.; Qiao, J.; Kim, H.J.; Ellingson, B.; Nghiemphu, P.L.; Kharbanda, S.; Soriano, R.H., et al. Differential gene expression in glioblastoma defined by ADC histogram analysis: Relationship to extracellular matrix molecules and survival. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 2012, 33, 1059-1064.
55. Pope, W.B.; Qiao, X.J.; Kim, H.J.; Lai, A.; Nghiemphu, P.; Xue, X.; Elingson, B.M.; Schiff, D.; Aregawi, D.; Cha, S., et al. Apparent diffusion coefficient histogram analysis stratifies progression-free and overall survival in patients with recurrent GBM treated with bevacizumab: A multi-center study. J. Neurooncol. 2012, 108, 491-498.
56. Paldino, M.J.; Desjardins, A.; Friedman, H.S.; Vredenburgh, J.J.; Barboriak, D.P. A change in the apparent diffusion coefficient after treatment with bevacizumab is associated with decreased survival in patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. Br. J. Radiol. 2012, 85, 382-389.
57. Gokmen-Polar, Y.; Badve, S. Molecular profiling assays in breast cancer: Are we ready for prime time? Oncology 2012, 26, 350-357.