Fertility counseling of young breast cancer patients

Journal of Thoracic Disease

Volumn 5, Issue SUPPL.1, 2013, Pages

  Lambertini, Matteo ^a   Anserini, Paola ^a   Levaggi, Alessia ^a   Poggio, Francesca ^a   Mastro, Lucia Del ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GENOA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Breast cancer; Counseling; Fertility preservation

Indexed keywords

ALKYLATING AGENT; CARBOPLATIN; CISPLATIN; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; DOCETAXEL; DOXORUBICIN; EPIRUBICIN; ESTROGEN RECEPTOR; FLUOROURACIL; GONADORELIN AGONIST; METHOTREXATE; PACLITAXEL; TAMOXIFEN;

ADJUVANT THERAPY; AGE; AMENORRHEA; BREAST CANCER; CANCER SURVIVAL; CONGENITAL DISORDER; CRYOPRESERVATION; EARLY MENOPAUSE; FEMALE FERTILITY; FEMALE INFERTILITY; FERTILIZATION IN VITRO; GONAD FUNCTION; GONADAL DISEASE; HUMAN; META ANALYSIS (TOPIC); MULTIPLE CYCLE TREATMENT; OVARIAN RESERVE; OVARY INSUFFICIENCY; PATIENT COUNSELING; PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PREGNANCY COMPLICATION; PREMATURE OVARIAN FAILURE; QUALITY OF LIFE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REPRODUCTIVE PROCEDURE; REVIEW; YOUNG AGE;

EID: 84881519909     PISSN: 20721439     EISSN: 20776624     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.05.22     Document Type: Review

References (125)

1. Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Web site. Available online: http://www.seer.cancer.gov. April 2010, based on the November 2009 submission.
2. Merlo DF, Ceppi M, Filiberti R, et al. Breast cancer incidence trends in European women aged 20-39 years at diagnosis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012;134:363-70.
3. Lee SJ, Schover LR, Partridge AH, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology recommendations on fertility preservation in cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:2917-31.
4. Stensheim H, Cvancarova M, Møller B, et al. Pregnancy after adolescent and adult cancer: a population-based matched cohort study. Int J Cancer 2011;129:1225-36.
5. Reh AE, Lu L, Weinerman R, et al. Treatment outcomes and quality-oflife assessment in a university-based fertility preservation program: results of a registry of female cancer patients at 2 years. J Assist Reprod Genet 2011;28:635-41.
6. Johnson JA, Tough S, Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada. Delayed child-bearing. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2012;34:80-93.
7. Schover LR, Brey K, Lichtin A, et al. Knowledge and experience regarding cancer, infertility, and sperm banking in younger male survivors. J Clin Oncol 2002;20:1880-9.
8. Schover LR, Rybicki LA, Martin BA, et al. Having children after cancer. A pilot survey of survivors' attitudes and experiences. Cancer 1999;86:697-709.
9. Zebrack BJ, Casillas J, Nohr L, et al. Fertility issues for young adult survivors of childhood cancer. Psychooncology 2004;13:689-99.
10. Duffy CM, Allen SM, Clark MA. Discussions regarding reproductive health for young women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:766-73.
11. Snyder KA, Pearse W. Discussing fertility preservation options with patients with cancer. JAMA 2011;306:202-3.
12. Quinn GP, Vadaparampil ST, Gwede CK, et al. Discussion of fertility preservation with newly diagnosed patients: oncologists' views. J Cancer Surviv 2007;1:146-55.
13. Köhler TS, Kondapalli LA, Shah A, et al. Results from the survey for preservation of adolescent reproduction (SPARE) study: gender disparity in delivery of fertility preservation message to adolescents with cancer. J Assist Reprod Genet 2011;28:269-77.
14. Quinn GP, Vadaparampil ST, Lee JH, et al. Physician referral for fertility preservation in oncology patients: a national study of practice behaviors. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:5952-7.
15. Partridge AH, Ruddy KJ, Kennedy J, et al. Model program to improve care for a unique cancer population: young women with breast cancer. J Oncol Pract 2012;8:e105-10.
16. Ruddy KJ, Partridge AH. Fertility (male and female) and menopause. J Clin Oncol 2012;30:3705-11.
17. Hohmann C, Borgmann-Staudt A, RendtorffR, et al. Patient counselling on the risk of infertility and its impact on childhood cancer survivors: results from a national survey. J Psychosoc Oncol 2011;29:274-85.
18. Blakely LJ, Buzdar AU, Lozada JA, et al. Effects of pregnancy after treatment for breast carcinoma on survival and risk of recurrence. Cancer 2004;100:465-9.
19. Del Mastro L, Catzeddu T, Venturini M. Infertility and pregnancy after breast cancer: current knowledge and future perspectives. Cancer Treat Rev 2006;32:417-22.
20. Ives A, Saunders C, Bulsara M, et al. Pregnancy after breast cancer: population based study. BMJ 2007;334:194.
21. Mueller BA, Simon MS, Deapen D, et al. Childbearing and survival after breast carcinoma in young women. Cancer 2003;98:1131-40.
22. Azim HA Jr, Metzger-Filho O, de Azambuja E, et al. Pregnancy occurring during or following adjuvant trastuzumab in patients enrolled in the HERA trial (BIG 01-01). Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012;133:387-91.
23. Sutton R, Buzdar AU, Hortobagyi GN. Pregnancy and offspring after adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Cancer 1990;65:847-50.
24. Dalberg K, Eriksson J, Holmberg L. Birth outcome in women with previously treated breast cancer--a population-based cohort study from Sweden. PLoS Med 2006;3:e336.
25. Langagergaard V, Gislum M, Skriver MV, et al. Birth outcome in women with breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2006;94:142-6.
26. Kroman N, Jensen MB, Melbye M, et al. Should women be advised against pregnancy after breast-cancer treatment?. Lancet 1997;350:319-22.
27. Velentgas P, Daling JR, Malone KE, et al. Pregnancy after breast carcinoma: outcomes and influence on mortality. Cancer 1999;85:2424-32.
28. Gelber S, Coates AS, Goldhirsch A, et al. Effect of pregnancy on overall survival after the diagnosis of early-stage breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2001;19:1671-5.
29. Lawrenz B, Henes M, Neunhoeffer E, et al. Pregnancy after successful cancer treatment: what needs to be considered?. Onkologie 2012;35:128-32.
30. Córdoba O, Bellet M, Vidal X, et al. Pregnancy after treatment of breast cancer in young women does not adversely affect the prognosis. Breast 2012;21:272-5.
31. von Schoultz E, Johansson H, Wilking N, et al. Influence of prior and subsequent pregnancy on breast cancer prognosis. J Clin Oncol 1995;13:430-4.
32. Kranick JA, Schaefer C, Rowell S, et al. Is pregnancy after breast cancer safe?. Breast J 2010;16:404-11.
33. Azim HA Jr, Kroman N, Paesmans M, et al. Prognostic impact of pregnancy after breast cancer according to estrogen receptor status: a multicenter retrospective study. J Clin Oncol 2013;31:73-9.
34. Kroman N, Jensen MB, Wohlfahrt J, et al. Pregnancy after treatment of breast cancer--a population-based study on behalf of Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group. Acta Oncol 2008;47:545-9.
35. Sankila R, Heinävaara S, Hakulinen T. Survival of breast cancer patients after subsequent term pregnancy: "healthy mother effect". Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994;170:818-23.
36. Malamos NA, Stathopoulos GP, Keramopoulos A, et al. Pregnancy and offspring after the appearance of breast cancer. Oncology 1996;53:471-5.
37. Ariel IM, Kempner R. The prognosis of patients who become pregnant after mastectomy for breast cancer. Int Surg 1989;74:185-7.
38. Pagani O, Partridge A, Korde L, et al. Pregnancy after breast cancer: if you wish, ma'am. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011;129:309-17.
39. Azim HA Jr, Santoro L, Pavlidis N, et al. Safety of pregnancy following breast cancer diagnosis: a meta-analysis of 14 studies. Eur J Cancer 2011;47:74-83.
40. Litton JK. Breast cancer and fertility. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2012;13:137-45.
41. Cardoso F, Loibl S, Pagani O, et al. The European Society of Breast Cancer Specialists recommendations for the management of young women with breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2012;48:3355-77.
42. Royal College of obstetricians and gynaecologists. Pregnancy and breast cancer. Guideline No. 12; Jan 2004. Available online: http://www.rcog.org. uk/index.sap?PageID=529
43. Barton SE, Missmer SA, Berry KF, et al. Female cancer survivors are low responders and have reduced success compared with other patients undergoing assisted reproductive technologies. Fertil Steril 2012;97:381-6.
44. Hulvat MC, Jeruss JS. Maintaining fertility in young women with breast cancer. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2009;10:308-17.
45. Partridge A, Gelber S, Gelber RD, et al. Age of menopause among women who remain premenopausal following treatment for early breast cancer: long-term results from International Breast Cancer Study Group Trials V and VI. Eur J Cancer 2007;43:1646-53.
46. Del Mastro L, Venturini M, Sertoli MR, et al. Amenorrhea induced by adjuvant chemotherapy in early breast cancer patients: prognostic role and clinical implications. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1997;43:183-90.
47. Howell S, Shalet S. Gonadal damage from chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1998;27:927-43.
48. Fisher B, Dignam J, Mamounas EP, et al. Sequential methotrexate and fluorouracil for the treatment of node-negative breast cancer patients with estrogen receptor-negative tumors: eight-year results from National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) B-13 and first report of findings from NSABP B-19 comparing methotrexate and fluorouracil with conventional cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil. J Clin Oncol 1996;14:1982-92.
49. Longhi A, Macchiagodena M, Vitali G, et al. Fertility in male patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2003;25:292-6.
50. Fornier MN, Modi S, Panageas KS, et al. Incidence of chemotherapyinduced, long-term amenorrhea in patients with breast carcinoma age 40 years and younger after adjuvant anthracycline and taxane. Cancer 2005;104:1575-9.
51. Okanami Y, Ito Y, Watanabe C, et al. Incidence of chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea in premenopausal patients with breast cancer following adjuvant anthracycline and taxane. Breast Cancer 2011;18:182-8.
52. Bines J, Oleske DM, Cobleigh MA. Ovarian function in premenopausal women treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 1996;14:1718-29.
53. Venturini M, Del Mastro L, Aitini E, et al. Dose-dense adjuvant chemotherapy in early breast cancer patients: results from a randomized trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005;97:1724-33.
54. Levine MN, Bramwell VH, Pritchard KI, et al. Randomized trial of intensive cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and fluorouracil chemotherapy compared with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil in premenopausal women with node-positive breast cancer. National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group. J Clin Oncol 1998;16:2651-8.
55. Martin M, Pienkowski T, Mackey J, et al. Adjuvant docetaxel for nodepositive breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2005;352:2302-13.
56. Ganz PA, Land SR, Geyer CE Jr, et al. Menstrual history and quality-of-life outcomes in women with node-positive breast cancer treated with adjuvant therapy on the NSABP B-30 trial. J Clin Oncol 2011;29:1110-6.
57. Swain SM, Jeong JH, Geyer CE Jr, et al. Longer therapy, iatrogenic amenorrhea, and survival in early breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2010;362:2053-65.
58. Oktem O, Oktay K. Quantitative assessment of the impact of chemotherapy on ovarian follicle reserve and stromal function. Cancer 2007;110:2222-9.
59. Meirow D, Dor J, Kaufman B, et al. Cortical fibrosis and blood-vessels damage in human ovaries exposed to chemotherapy. Potential mechanisms of ovarian injury. Hum Reprod 2007;22:1626-33.
60. Goodwin PJ, Ennis M, Pritchard KI, et al. Risk of menopause during the first year after breast cancer diagnosis. J Clin Oncol 1999;17:2365-70.
61. Lee S, Kil WJ, Chun M, et al. Chemotherapy-related amenorrhea in premenopausal women with breast cancer. Menopause 2009;16:98-103.
62. Petrek JA, Naughton MJ, Case LD, et al. Incidence, time course, and determinants of menstrual bleeding after breast cancer treatment: a prospective study. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:1045-51.
63. Letourneau JM, Ebbel EE, Katz PP, et al. Pretreatment fertility counseling and fertility preservation improve quality of life in reproductive age women with cancer. Cancer 2012;118:1710-7.
64. Gleicher N, Weghofer A, Barad DH. Defining ovarian reserve to better understand ovarian aging. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2011;9:23.
65. Abusief ME, Missmer SA, Ginsburg ES, et al. Relationship between reproductive history, anthropometrics, lifestyle factors, and the likelihood of persistent chemotherapy-related amenorrhea in women with premenopausal breast cancer. Fertil Steril 2012;97:154-9.
66. Lutchman Singh K, Muttukrishna S, Stein RC, et al. Predictors of ovarian reserve in young women with breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2007;96:1808-16.
67. La Marca A, SighinolfiG, Radi D, et al. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) as a predictive marker in assisted reproductive technology (ART). Hum Reprod Update 2010;16:113-30.
68. Lee S, Ozkavukcu S, Heytens E, et al. Anti-Mullerian hormone and antral follicle count as predictors for embryo/oocyte cryopreservation cycle outcomes in breast cancer patients stimulated with letrozole and follicle stimulating hormone. J Assist Reprod Genet 2011;28:651-6.
69. Anderson RA, Themmen AP, Al-Qahtani A, et al. The effects of chemotherapy and long-term gonadotrophin suppression on the ovarian reserve in premenopausal women with breast cancer. Hum Reprod 2006;21:2583-92.
70. Lie Fong S, Lugtenburg PJ, Schipper I, et al. Anti-müllerian hormone as a marker of ovarian function in women after chemotherapy and radiotherapy for haematological malignancies. Hum Reprod 2008;23:674-8.
71. Anderson RA, Cameron DA. Pretreatment serum anti-müllerian hormone predicts long-term ovarian function and bone mass after chemotherapy for early breast cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011;96:1336-43.
72. Morgan S, Anderson RA, Gourley C, et al. How do chemotherapeutic agents damage the ovary? Hum Reprod Update 2012;18:525-35.
73. Rosendahl M, Andersen CY, la Cour Freiesleben N, et al. Dynamics and mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced ovarian follicular depletion in women of fertile age. Fertil Steril
74. Letourneau JM, Ebbel EE, Katz PP, et al. Acute ovarian failure underestimates age-specific reproductive impairment for young women undergoing chemotherapy for cancer. Cancer 2012;118:1933-9.
75. Lawrenz B, Jauckus J, Kupka MS, et al. Fertility preservation in >1,000 patients: patient's characteristics, spectrum, efficacy and risks of applied preservation techniques. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011;283:651-6.
76. Lambertini M, Anserini P, Fontana V, et al. Prospective observational study on fertility preservation in young early breast cancer patients: the PREFER (PREgnancy and FERtility) trial. 2013 ASCO Annual Meeting (abstract: e17548).
77. Roberts JE, Oktay K. Fertility preservation: a comprehensive approach to the young woman with cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2005;(34):57-9.
78. Rivkees SA, Crawford JD. The relationship of gonadal activity and chemotherapy-induced gonadal damage. JAMA 1988;259:2123-5.
79. Del Mastro L, Giraudi S, Levaggi A, et al. Medical approaches to preservation of fertility in female cancer patients. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2011;12:387-96.
80. Badawy A, Elnashar A, El-Ashry M, et al. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists for prevention of chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage: prospective randomized study. Fertil Steril 2009;91:694-7.
81. Del Mastro L, Boni L, Michelotti A, et al. Effect of the gonadotropinreleasing hormone analogue triptorelin on the occurrence of chemotherapy-induced early menopause in premenopausal women with breast cancer: a randomized trial. JAMA 2011;306:269-76.
82. Gerber B, von Minckwitz G, Stehle H, et al. Effect of luteinizing hormonereleasing hormone agonist on ovarian function after modern adjuvant breast cancer chemotherapy: the GBG 37 ZORO study. J Clin Oncol 2011;29:2334-41.
83. Munster PN, Moore AP, Ismail-Khan R, et al. Randomized trial using gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist triptorelin for the preservation of ovarian function during (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2012;30:533-8.
84. Del Mastro L, Levaggi A, Poggio F, et al. Role of temporary ovarian suppression obtained with GNRH analogue in reducing premature ovarian failure (POF) induced by chemotherapy in premenopausal cancer patients: a meta-analysis of randomized studies. ESMO Congress 2012, Ann Oncol 2012;23:Suppl 9 (abstract: 1551PD).
85. Yang B, Shi W, Yang J, et al. Concurrent treatment with gonadotropinreleasing hormone agonists for chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage in premenopausal women with breast cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Breast 2013;22:150-7.
86. ISFP Practice Committee, Kim SS, Donnez J, et al. Recommendations for fertility preservation in patients with lymphoma, leukemia, and breast cancer. J Assist Reprod Genet 2012;29:465-8.
87. Practice Committees of American Society for Reproductive Medicine, Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology. Mature oocyte cryopreservation: a guideline. Fertil Steril 2013;99:37-43.
88. Michaan N, Ben-David G, Ben-Yosef D, et al. Ovarian stimulation and emergency in vitro fertilization for fertility preservation in cancer patients. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2010;149:175-7.
89. Sönmezer M, Türkçüoglu I, Coskun U, et al. Random-start controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for emergency fertility preservation in letrozole cycles. Fertil Steril 2011;95:2125.e9-11.
90. Bedoschi GM, de Albuquerque FO, Ferriani RA, et al. Ovarian stimulation during the luteal phase for fertility preservation of cancer patients: case reports and review of the literature. J Assist Reprod Genet 2010;27:491-4.
91. Oktay K. Further evidence on the safety and success of ovarian stimulation with letrozole and tamoxifen in breast cancer patients undergoing in vitro fertilization to cryopreserve their embryos for fertility preservation. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:3858-9.
92. Oktay K, Buyuk E, Libertella N, et al. Fertility preservation in breast cancer patients: a prospective controlled comparison of ovarian stimulation with tamoxifen and letrozole for embryo cryopreservation. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:4347-53.
93. Oktay K, Buyuk E, Davis O, et al. Fertility preservation in breast cancer patients: IVF and embryo cryopreservation after ovarian stimulation with tamoxifen. Hum Reprod 2003;18:90-5.
94. Azim AA, Costantini-Ferrando M, Oktay K. Safety of fertility preservation by ovarian stimulation with letrozole and gonadotropins in patients with breast cancer: a prospective controlled study. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:2630-5.
95. Chung K, Donnez J, Ginsburg E, et al. Emergency IVF versus ovarian tissue cryopreservation: decision making in fertility preservation for female cancer patients. Fertil Steril 2013;99:1534-42.
96. Cao YX, Chian RC. Fertility preservation with immature and in vitro matured oocytes. Semin Reprod Med 2009;27:456-64.
97. Fadini R, Dal Canto MB, Mignini Renzini M, et al. Effect of different gonadotrophin priming on IVM of oocytes from women with normal ovaries: a prospective randomized study. Reprod Biomed Online 2009;19:343-51.
98. von WolffM, Donnez J, Hovatta O, et al. Cryopreservation and autotransplantation of human ovarian tissue prior to cytotoxic therapy--a technique in its infancy but already successful in fertility preservation. Eur J Cancer 2009;45:1547-53.
99. Donnez J, Dolmans MM. Cryopreservation and transplantation of ovarian tissue. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2010;53:787-96.
100. Oktay K. Evidence for limiting ovarian tissue harvesting for the purpose of transplantation to women younger than 40 years of age. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:1907-8.
101. Newton H, Aubard Y, Rutherford A, et al. Low temperature storage and grafting of human ovarian tissue. Hum Reprod 1996;11:1487-91.
102. Oktay K, Karlikaya G. Ovarian function after transplantation of frozen, banked autologous ovarian tissue. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1919.
103. Donnez J, Dolmans MM, Demylle D, et al. Livebirth after orthotopic transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue. Lancet 2004;364:1405-10.
104. Meirow D, Levron J, Eldar-Geva T, et al. Pregnancy after transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue in a patient with ovarian failure after chemotherapy. N Engl J Med 2005;353:318-21.
105. Radford JA, Lieberman BA, Brison DR, et al. Orthotopic reimplantation of cryopreserved ovarian cortical strips after high-dose chemotherapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma. Lancet 2001;357:1172-5.
106. Tryde Schmidt KL, Yding Andersen C, Starup J, et al. Orthotopic autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue to a woman cured of cancer - follicular growth, steroid production and oocyte retrieval. Reprod Biomed Online 2004;8:448-53.
107. Oktay K, Buyuk E, Rosenwaks Z, et al. A technique for transplantation of ovarian cortical strips to the forearm. Fertil Steril 2003;80:193-8.
108. Oktay K, Economos K, Kan M, et al. Endocrine function and oocyte retrieval after autologous transplantation of ovarian cortical strips to the forearm. JAMA 2001;286:1490-3.
109. Meirow D, Raanani H, Brengauz M, et al. Results of one center indicate that transplantation of thawed ovarian tissue is effective. Repeated IVF reveals good egg quality and high pregnancy rate. Hum Reprod 2012;27:ii115-ii117.
110. Kim SS, Lee WS, Chung MK, et al. Long-term ovarian function and fertility after heterotopic autotransplantation of cryobanked human ovarian tissue: 8-year experience in cancer patients. Fertil Steril 2009;91:2349-54.
111. Kim SS, Radford J, Harris M, et al. Ovarian tissue harvested from lymphoma patients to preserve fertility may be safe for autotransplantation. Hum Reprod 2001;16:2056-60.
112. Oktay K, Rodriguez-Wallberg K, Schover L. Preservation of fertility in patients with cancer. N Engl J Med 2009;360:2681; author reply 2682-3.
113. Meirow D, Hardan I, Dor J, et al. Searching for evidence of disease and malignant cell contamination in ovarian tissue stored from hematologic cancer patients. Hum Reprod 2008;23:1007-13.
114. Dolmans MM, Jadoul P, Gilliaux S, et al. A review of 15 years of ovarian tissue bank activities. J Assist Reprod Genet 2013;30:305-14.
115. Sánchez-Serrano M, Novella-Maestre E, Roselló-Sastre E, et al. Malignant cells are not found in ovarian cortex from breast cancer patients undergoing ovarian cortex cryopreservation. Hum Reprod 2009;24:2238-43.
116. Rosendahl M, Timmermans Wielenga V, Nedergaard L, et al. Cryopreservation of ovarian tissue for fertility preservation: no evidence of malignant cell contamination in ovarian tissue from patients with breast cancer. Fertil Steril 2011;95:2158-61.
117. Azem F, Hasson J, Ben-Yosef D, et al. Histologic evaluation of fresh human ovarian tissue before cryopreservation. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2010;29:19-23.
118. Fabbri R, Venturoli S, D'Errico A, et al. Ovarian tissue banking and fertility preservation in cancer patients: histological and immunohistochemical evaluation. Gynecol Oncol 2003;89:259-66.
119. Bittinger SE, Nazaretian SP, Gook DA, et al. Detection of Hodgkin lymphoma within ovarian tissue. Fertil Steril 2011;95:803.e3-6.
120. Loprinzi CL, Wolf SL, Barton DL, et al. Symptom management in premenopausal patients with breast cancer. Lancet Oncol 2008;9:993-1001.
121. Tschudin S, Bitzer J. Psychological aspects of fertility preservation in men and women affected by cancer and other life-threatening diseases. Hum Reprod Update 2009;15:587-97.
122. Schover LR. Patient attitudes toward fertility preservation. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:281-4.
123. Partridge AH, Gelber S, Peppercorn J, et al. Web-based survey of fertility issues in young women with breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2004;22:4174-83.
124. Rippy EE, Karat IF, Kissin MW. Pregnancy after breast cancer: the importance of active counselling and planning. Breast 2009;18:345-50.
125. Gracia CR, Jeruss JS. Lives in the balance: women with cancer and the right to fertility care. J Clin Oncol 2013;31:668-9.