Broadening the ecological context of ungulate-ecosystem interactions: The importance of space, seasonality, and nitrogen

Ecology

Volumn 94, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 1317-1326

  Murray, Bryan D ^a   Webster, Christopher R ^a   Bump, Joseph K ^a  

^a MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Context dependence; Diversity; Eastern hemlock; Habitat use; Herbaceous layer; Heterogeneity; Nitrogen; Odocoileus virginianus; Spatial patterning; Temperate forest; Tsuga canadensis; White tailed deer

Indexed keywords

NITROGEN;

AMMONIUM; HABITAT USE; HERB; HERBIVORY; HETEROGENEITY; NITRATE; NITROGEN; NUMERICAL MODEL; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; PATCH SIZE; PLANT-HERBIVORE INTERACTION; SCALE EFFECT; SEASONALITY; SOLAR RADIATION; TEMPERATE FOREST; UNGULATE;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; DEER; DEMOGRAPHY; ECOSYSTEM; METABOLISM; NITROGEN CYCLE; PHYSIOLOGY; SEASON;

ANIMALS; DEER; DEMOGRAPHY; ECOSYSTEM; NITROGEN; NITROGEN CYCLE; SEASONS;

CERVIDAE; ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS; TSUGA CANADENSIS; UNGULATA;

EID: 84879587169     PISSN: 00129658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/12-1582.1     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Abbas, F., et al. 2012. Roe deer may markedly alter forest nitrogen and phosphorus budgets across Europe. Oikos 121: 1271-1278.
2. Augustine, D. J., and D. A. Frank. 2001. Effects of migratory grazers on spatial heterogeneity of soil nitrogen properties in a grassland ecosystem. Ecology 82:3149-3162. (Pubitemid 34010158)
3. Augustine, D. J., and S. J. McNaughton. 1998. Ungulate effects on the functional species composition of plant communities: herbivore selectivity and plant tolerance. Journal of Wildlife Management 62:1165-1183. (Pubitemid 28501635)
4. Augustine, D. J., S. J. McNaughton, and D. A. Frank. 2003. Feedbacks between soil nutrients and large herbivores in a managed savanna ecosystem. Ecological Applications 13: 1325-1337. (Pubitemid 37546282)
5. Bardgett, R. D., and D. A. Wardle. 2003. Herbivore-mediated linkages between aboveground and belowground communities. Ecology 84:2258-2268. (Pubitemid 37435646)
6. Bressette, J. W., H. Beck, and V. B. Beauchamp. 2012. Beyond the browse line: complex cascade effects mediated by whitetailed deer. Oikos 121:1749-1760.
7. Bump, J. K., K. B. Tischler, A. J. Schrank, R. O. Peterson, and J. A. Vucetich. 2009a. Large herbivores and aquaticterrestrial links in southern boreal forests. Journal of Animal Ecology 78:338-345.
8. Bump, J. K., C. R. Webster, J. A. Vucetich, R. O. Peterson, J. M. Shields, and M. D. Powers. 2009b. Ungulate carcasses perforate ecological filters and create biogeochemical hotspots in forest herbaceous layers allowing trees a competitive advantage. Ecosystems 12:996-1007.
9. Burnham, K. P., and D. R. Anderson. 2002. Model selection and multimodel inference: a practical information-theoretic approach. Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA.
10. Burnham, K. P., and D. R. Anderson. 2004. Multimodel inference: understanding AIC and BIC in model selection. Sociological Methods and Research 33:261-304. (Pubitemid 39519124)
11. Clinger, W., and J. W. Van Ness. 1976. On unequally spaced time points in time series. Annals of Statistics 4:736-745.
12. Ĉoté, S. D., T. P. Rooney, J.-P. Tremblay, C. Dussault, and D. M. Waller. 2004. Ecological impacts of deer overabundance. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 35:113-147. (Pubitemid 40059716)
13. Farley, R. A., and A. H. Fitter. 1999. The responses of seven co-occurring woodland herbaceous perennials to localized nutrient-rich patches. Journal of Ecology 87:849-859. (Pubitemid 29523816)
14. Frelich, L. E. 2002. Forest dynamics and disturbance regimes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
15. Frelich, L. E., and C. G. Lorimer. 1985. Current and predicted long-term effects of deer browsing in hemlock forests in Michigan, USA. Biological Conservation 34:99-120. (Pubitemid 16279709)
16. Gilliam, F. S. 2006. Response of the herbaceous layer of forest ecosystems to excess nitrogen deposition. Journal of Ecology 94:1176-1191. (Pubitemid 44511006)
17. Gilliam, F. S. 2007. The ecological significance of the herbaceous layer in temperate forest ecosystems. BioScience 57:845-858. (Pubitemid 350115535)
18. Gilliam, F. S., and M. R. Roberts. 2003. Introduction: conceptual framework for studies of the herbaceous layer. Pages 3-14 in F. S. Gilliam and M. R. Roberts, editors. The herbaceous layer of forests in eastern North America. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
19. Goovaerts, P. 1998. Geostatistical tools for characterizing the spatial variability of microbiological and physico-chemical soil properties. Biology and Fertility of Soils 27:315-334. (Pubitemid 28456441)
20. Gotelli, N. J., and A. M. Ellison. 2004. A primer of ecological statistics. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.
21. Heckel, C. D., N. A. Bourg, W. J. McShea, and S. Kalisz. 2010. Nonconsumptive effects of a generalist ungulate herbivore drive decline of unpalatable forest herbs. Ecology 91:319-326.
22. Hermy, M. 1988. Accuracy of visual cover assessments in predicting standing crop and environmental correlation in deciduous forests. Vegetatio 75:57-64. (Pubitemid 19321814)
23. Holmes, S. A., and C. R. Webster. 2011. Herbivore-induced expansion of generalist species as a driver of homogenization in post-disturbance plant communities. Plant Ecology 212: 753-768.
24. Hurley, P. M., C. R. Webster, D. J. Flaspohler, and G. R. Parker. 2012. Untangling the landscape of deer overabundance: reserve size versus landscape context in the agricultural Midwest. Biological Conservation 146:62-71.
25. Jensen, N. R., C. R. Webster, J. C. Witt, and J. B. Grant. 2011. Ungulate winter habitat selection as a driver of herbaceouslayer heterogeneity in northern temperate forests. Ecosphere 2:67.
26. Keitt, T. H., R. Bivand, E. Pebesma, and B. Rowlingson. 2012. RGDAL: bindings for the geospatial data abstraction library. R package version 0.7-11. http://CRAN.R-project. org/packagergdal
27. Levin, S. A. 1992. The problem of pattern and scale in ecology. Ecology 73:1943-1967. (Pubitemid 23399192)
28. Loreau, M. 2010. From populations to ecosystems: theoretical foundations for a new ecological synthesis. Monographs in Population Biology 46. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
29. Maschinski, J., and T. G. Whitham. 1989. The continuum of plant responses to herbivory: the influence of plant association, nutrient availability, and timing. American Naturalist 134:1-19. (Pubitemid 20420692)
30. McCune, B., and J. B. Grace. 2002. Analysis of ecological communities. MjM Software Design, Gleneden Beach, Oregon, USA.
31. McCune, B., and M. J. Mefford. 2006. PC-ORD multivariate analysis of ecological data v. 5. MjM Software Design, Gleneden Beach, Oregon, USA.
32. McNaughton, S. J. 1985. Ecology of a grazing ecosystem: the Serengeti. Ecological Monographs 55:259-294.
33. Pastor, J., Y. Cohen, and N. T. Hobbs. 2006. The roles of large herbivores in ecosystem nutrient cycling. Pages 289-325 in K. Danell, R. Bergstrom, P. Duncan, and J. Pastor, editors. Large herbivore ecology, ecosystem dynamics and conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
34. Pastor, J., B. Dewey, R. J. Naiman, P. F. McInnes, and Y. Cohen. 1993. Moose browsing and soil fertility in the boreal forests of Isle Royale National Park. Ecology 74:467-480. (Pubitemid 23402439)
35. Pebesma, E. J. 2004. Multivariable geostatistics in S: the GSTAT package. Computers and Geosciences 30:683-691. (Pubitemid 38994762)
36. Peek, M. S., and I. N. Forseth. 2003. Enhancement of photosynthesis and growth of an aridland perennial in response to soil nitrogen pulses generated by mule deer. Environmental and Experimental Botany 49:169-180. (Pubitemid 36333200)
37. Perrin, P. M., F. J. G. Mitchell, and D. L. Kelly. 2011. Longterm deer exclusion in yew-wood and oakwood habitats in southwest Ireland: changes in ground flora and species diversity. Forest Ecology and Management 262:2328-2337.
38. R Development Core Team. 2012. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Version 2.15.0. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. http://www.R-project.org
39. Ritchie, M. E. 2010. Scale, heterogeneity, and the structure and diversity of ecological communities. Monographs in Population Biology 45. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
40. Ritchie, M. E., D. Tilman, and J. M. H. Knops. 1998. Herbivore effects on plant and nitrogen dynamics in oak savanna. Ecology 79:165-177. (Pubitemid 28397837)
41. Rooney, T. P. 2009. High white-tailed deer densities benefit graminoids and contribute to biotic homogenization of forest ground-layer vegetation. Plant Ecology 202:103-111.
42. Rooney, T. P., R. J. McCormick, S. L. Solheim, and D. M. Waller. 2000. Regional variation in recruitment of hemlock seedlings and saplings in the upper Great Lakes, USA. Ecological Applications 10:1119-1132. (Pubitemid 32145285)
43. Rooney, T. P., S. M. Wiegmann, D. A. Rogers, and D. M. Waller. 2004. Biotic impoverishment and homogenization in unfragmented forest understory communities. Conservation Biology 18:787-798. (Pubitemid 38689100)
44. Royo, A. A., R. Collins, M. B. Adams, C. Kirschbaum, and W. P. Carson. 2010. Pervasive interactions between ungulate browsers and disturbance regimes promote temperate forest herbaceous diversity. Ecology 91:93-105.
45. Rutherford, A. C., and O. J. Schmitz. 2010. Regional-scale assessment of deer impacts on vegetation within western Connecticut, USA. Journal of Wildlife Management 74: 1257-1263.
46. Scheller, R. M., and D. J. Mladenoff. 2002. Understory species patterns and diversity in old-growth and managed northern hardwood forests. Ecological Applications 12:1329-1343. (Pubitemid 36516742)
47. Schmitz, O. J. 2010. Resolving ecosystem complexity. Monographs in Population Biology 47. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
48. Schmitz, O. J., and A. R. E. Sinclair. 1997. Rethinking the role of deer in forest ecosystem dynamics. Pages 201-223 in W. J. McShea, J. H. Rappole, and H. B. Underwood, editors. The science of overabundance: deer ecology and population management. Smithsonian Books, Washington, D.C., USA.
49. Seagle, S. W. 2003. Can ungulates foraging in a multiple-use landscape alter forest nitrogen budgets? Oikos 103:230-234. (Pubitemid 37293100)
50. Steinauer, E. M., and S. L. Collins. 1995. Effects of urine deposition on small-scale patch structure in prairie vegetation. Ecology 76:1195-1205.
51. Talhelm, A. F., K. S. Pregitzer, A. J. Burton, and D. R. Zak. 2012. Air pollution and the changing biogeochemistry of northern forests. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 10:181-185.
52. Towne, E. G. 2000. Prairie vegetation and soil nutrient responses to ungulate carcasses. Oecologia 122:232-239. (Pubitemid 30096242)
53. Verme, L. J. 1973. Movements of white-tailed deer in upper Michigan. Journal of Wildlife Management 37:545-552.
54. Vitousek, P. M., and R. W. Howarth. 1991. Nitrogen limitation on land and in the sea: how can it occur? Biogeochemistry 13: 87-115.
55. Vitousek, P. M., H. A. Mooney, J. Lubchenco, and J. M. Melillo. 1997. Human domination of earth's ecosystems. Science 277:494-499. (Pubitemid 27368986)
56. Wallmo, O. C. 1981. Mule and black-tailed deer of North America. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
57. Webster, C. R., M. A. Jenkins, and J. H. Rock. 2005. Longterm response of spring flora to chronic herbivory and deer exclusion in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA. Biological Conservation 125:297-307. (Pubitemid 40793892)
58. Weisberg, P. J., M. B. Coughenour, and H. Bugman. 2006. Modeling of large herbivore-vegetation interactions in a landscape context. Pages 348-382 in K. Danell, R. Bergstro ? m, P. Duncan, and J. Pastor, editors. Large herbivore ecology, ecosystem dynamics and conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
59. Wickham, H. 2009. GGPLOT2: elegant graphics for data analysis. Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA.
60. Witt, J. C., and C. R. Webster. 2010. Regeneration dynamics in remnant Tsuga canadensis stands in the northern Lake States: potential direct and indirect effects of herbivory. Forest Ecology and Management 260:519-525.
61. Witt, J. C., C. R. Webster, R. E. Froese, T. D. Drummer, and J. A. Vucetich. 2012. Scale-dependent drivers of ungulate patch use along a temporal and spatial gradient of snow depth. Canadian Journal of Zoology 90:972-983.
62. Zak, D. R., P. M. Groffman, K. S. Pregitzer, S. Christensen, and J. M. Tiedje. 1990. The vernal dam: plant-microbe competition for nitrogen in northern hardwood forests. Ecology 71:651-656. (Pubitemid 20428008)