메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 301-316

Stroke in patients with sickle cell disease

Author keywords

cerebrovascular accident; chronic transfusion therapy; review; sickle cell anemia; stroke

Indexed keywords

FIBRINOGEN; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; HYDROXYUREA; NITRIC OXIDE; THROMBIN;

EID: 84879363753     PISSN: 17474086     EISSN: 17474094     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/ehm.13.25     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (41)

References (167)
  • 1
    • 0031965089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebrovascular accidents in sickle cell disease: Rates and risk factors
    • Ohene-Frempong K, Weiner SJ, Sleeper LA et al. Cerebrovascular accidents in sickle cell disease: rates and risk factors. Blood 91(1), 288-294 (1998).
    • (1998) Blood , vol.91 , Issue.1 , pp. 288-294
    • Ohene-Frempong, K.1    Weiner, S.J.2    Sleeper, L.A.3
  • 2
    • 0037089224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal changes in brain magnetic resonance imaging fndings in children with sickle cell disease
    • Pegelow CH, Macklin EA, Moser FG et al. Longitudinal changes in brain magnetic resonance imaging fndings in children with sickle cell disease. Blood 99(8), 3014-3018 (2002).
    • (2002) Blood , vol.99 , Issue.8 , pp. 3014-3018
    • Pegelow, C.H.1    MacKlin, E.A.2    Moser, F.G.3
  • 3
    • 79251628870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of early transcranial Doppler screening and intensive therapy on cerebral vasculopathy outcome in a newborn sickle cell anemia cohort
    • qu i z 1436
    • Bernaudin F, Verlhac S, Arnaud C et al. Impact of early transcranial Doppler screening and intensive therapy on cerebral vasculopathy outcome in a newborn sickle cell anemia cohort. Blood 117 (4), 1130-1140 ; qu i z 1436 (2011).
    • (2011) Blood , vol.117 , Issue.4 , pp. 1130-1140
    • Bernaudin, F.1    Verlhac, S.2    Arnaud, C.3
  • 4
    • 77749243156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design of the silent cerebral infarct transfusion (SIT) trial
    • Casella JF, King AA, Barton B et al. Design of the silent cerebral infarct transfusion (SIT) trial. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. 27(2), 69-89 (2010).
    • (2010) Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 69-89
    • Casella, J.F.1    King, A.A.2    Barton, B.3
  • 5
    • 52249110610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI abnormalities of the brain in one-year-old children with sickle cell anemia
    • Wang WC, Pavlakis SG, Helton KJ et al.; BABY HUG Investigators. MRI abnormalities of the brain in one-year-old children with sickle cell anemia. Pediatr. Blood Cancer 51(5), 643-646 (2008).
    • (2008) Pediatr. Blood Cancer , vol.51 , Issue.5 , pp. 643-646
    • Wang, W.C.1    Pavlakis, S.G.2    Helton, K.J.3
  • 6
    • 67650484216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silent infarcts in young children with sickle cell disease
    • Kwiatkowski JL, Zimmerman RA, Pollock AN et al. Silent infarcts in young children with sickle cell disease. Br. J. Haematol. 146(3), 300-305 (2009).
    • (2009) Br. J. Haematol. , vol.146 , Issue.3 , pp. 300-305
    • Kwiatkowski, J.L.1    Zimmerman, R.A.2    Pollock, A.N.3
  • 7
    • 0034120108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multicenter prospective study of children with sickle cell disease: Radiographic and psychometric correlation
    • Bernaudin F, Verlhac S, Fréard F et al. Multicenter prospective study of children with sickle cell disease: radiographic and psychometric correlation. J. Child Neurol. 15(5), 333-343 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Child Neurol. , vol.15 , Issue.5 , pp. 333-343
    • Bernaudin, F.1    Verlhac, S.2    Fréard, F.3
  • 8
    • 15844366370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychology Committee of the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease. Cognitive functioning and brain magnetic resonance imaging in children with sickle cell disease
    • Armstrong FD, Thompson RJ Jr, Wang W et al.; Neuropsychology Committee of the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease. Cognitive functioning and brain magnetic resonance imaging in children with sickle cell disease. Pediatrics 97(6 Pt 1), 864-870 (1996).
    • (1996) Pediatrics , vol.97 , Issue.6 PART 1 , pp. 864-870
    • Armstrong, F.D.1    Thompson, Jr.R.J.2    Wang, W.3
  • 9
    • 0035942334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poor school and cognitive functioning with silent cerebral infarcts and sickle cell disease
    • Schatz J, Brown RT, Pascual JM, Hsu L, DeBaun MR. Poor school and cognitive functioning with silent cerebral infarcts and sickle cell disease. Neurology 56(8), 1109-1111 (2001).
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.56 , Issue.8 , pp. 1109-1111
    • Schatz, J.1    Brown, R.T.2    Pascual, J.M.3    Hsu, L.4    Debaun, M.R.5
  • 10
    • 33644884450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased corpus callosum size in sickle cell disease: Relationship with cerebral infarcts and cognitive functioning
    • Schatz J, Buzan R. Decreased corpus callosum size in sickle cell disease: relationship with cerebral infarcts and cognitive functioning. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. 12(1), 24-33 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 24-33
    • Schatz, J.1    Buzan, R.2
  • 11
    • 0036893594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive functioning in children with sickle cell disease: A meta-analysis
    • Schatz J, Finke RL, Kellett JM, Kramer JH. Cognitive functioning in children with sickle cell disease: a meta-analysis. J. Pediatr. Psychol. 27(8), 739-748 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Pediatr. Psychol. , vol.27 , Issue.8 , pp. 739-748
    • Schatz, J.1    Finke, R.L.2    Kellett, J.M.3    Kramer, J.H.4
  • 12
    • 0037002828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lesion burden and cognitive morbidity in children with sickle cell disease
    • Schatz J, White DA, Moinuddin A, Armstrong M, DeBaun MR. Lesion burden and cognitive morbidity in children with sickle cell disease. J. Child Neurol. 17(12), 891-895 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Child Neurol. , vol.17 , Issue.12 , pp. 891-895
    • Schatz, J.1    White, D.A.2    Moinuddin, A.3    Armstrong, M.4    Debaun, M.R.5
  • 13
    • 0033789698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurocognitive functioning and magnetic resonance imaging in children with sickle cell disease
    • Brown RT, Davis PC, Lambert R, Hsu L, Hopkins K, Eckman J. Neurocognitive functioning and magnetic resonance imaging in children with sickle cell disease. J. Pediatr. Psychol. 25(7), 503-513 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Pediatr. Psychol. , vol.25 , Issue.7 , pp. 503-513
    • Brown, R.T.1    Davis, P.C.2    Lambert, R.3    Hsu, L.4    Hopkins, K.5    Eckman, J.6
  • 14
    • 77952297450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological Dysfunction and Neuroimaging Adult Sickle Cell Anemia Study Group. Neuropsychological dysfunction and neuroimaging abnormalities in neurologically intact adults with sickle cell anemia
    • Vichinsky EP, Neumayr LD, Gold JI et al.; Neuropsychological Dysfunction and Neuroimaging Adult Sickle Cell Anemia Study Group. Neuropsychological dysfunction and neuroimaging abnormalities in neurologically intact adults with sickle cell anemia. JAMA 303(18), 1823-1831 (2010).
    • (2010) JAMA , vol.303 , Issue.18 , pp. 1823-1831
    • Vichinsky, E.P.1    Neumayr, L.D.2    Gold, J.I.3
  • 15
    • 0027252976 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal cranial magnetic resonance imaging scans in sickle-cell disease. Neurological correlates and clinical implications
    • Kugler S, Anderson B, Cross D et al. Abnormal cranial magnetic resonance imaging scans in sickle-cell disease. Neurological correlates and clinical implications. Arch. Neurol. 50(6), 629-635 (1993).
    • (1993) Arch. Neurol. , vol.50 , Issue.6 , pp. 629-635
    • Kugler, S.1    Anderson, B.2    Cross, D.3
  • 16
    • 84861211196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silent cerebral infarcts: A review on a prevalent and progressive cause of neurologic injury in sickle cell anemia
    • DeBaun MR, Armstrong FD, McKinstry RC, Ware RE, Vichinsky E, Kirkham FJ. Silent cerebral infarcts: a review on a prevalent and progressive cause of neurologic injury in sickle cell anemia. Blood 119(20), 4587-4596 (2012).
    • (2012) Blood , vol.119 , Issue.20 , pp. 4587-4596
    • Debaun, M.R.1    Armstrong, F.D.2    McKinstry, R.C.3    Ware, R.E.4    Vichinsky, E.5    Kirkham, F.J.6
  • 17
    • 0025075031 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral vessel stenosis in sickle cell disease: Criteria for detection by transcra-nial Doppler
    • Adams RJ, Nichols FT 3rd, Aaslid R et al. Cerebral vessel stenosis in sickle cell disease: criteria for detection by transcra-nial Doppler. Am. J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. 12(3), 277-282 (1990).
    • (1990) Am. J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 277-282
    • Adams, R.J.1    Nichols III, F.T.2    Aaslid, R.3
  • 18
    • 29544447720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventing stroke in sickle cell anemia
    • Platt OS. Preventing stroke in sickle cell anemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 353(26), 2743-2745 (2005).
    • (2005) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.353 , Issue.26 , pp. 2743-2745
    • Platt, O.S.1
  • 19
    • 0036177721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sickle cell vaso-occlusion: Multistep and multicellular paradigm
    • Frenette PS. Sickle cell vaso-occlusion: multistep and multicellular paradigm. Curr. Opin. Hematol. 9(2), 101-106 (2002).
    • (2002) Curr. Opin. Hematol. , vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp. 101-106
    • Frenette, P.S.1
  • 20
    • 0027131853 scopus 로고
    • Integrin alpha 4 beta 1 and glycoprotein IV (CD36) are expressed on circulating reticulocytes in sickle cell anemia
    • Joneckis CC, Ackley RL, Orringer EP, Wayner EA, Parise LV. Integrin alpha 4 beta 1 and glycoprotein IV (CD36) are expressed on circulating reticulocytes in sickle cell anemia. Blood 82(12), 3548-3555 (1993).
    • (1993) Blood , vol.82 , Issue.12 , pp. 3548-3555
    • Joneckis, C.C.1    Ackley, R.L.2    Orringer, E.P.3    Wayner, E.A.4    Parise, L.V.5
  • 21
    • 0027184968 scopus 로고
    • Alpha 4 beta 1-integrin expression on sickle reticulocytes: Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1-dependent binding to endothelium
    • Swerlick RA, Eckman JR, Kumar A, Jeitler M, Wick TM. Alpha 4 beta 1-integrin expression on sickle reticulocytes: vascular cell adhesion molecule-1-dependent binding to endothelium. Blood 82(6), 1891-1899 (1993).
    • (1993) Blood , vol.82 , Issue.6 , pp. 1891-1899
    • Swerlick, R.A.1    Eckman, J.R.2    Kumar, A.3    Jeitler, M.4    Wick, T.M.5
  • 22
    • 0029973833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adhesion of sickle red blood cells and damage to interleukin-1 beta stimulated endothelial cells under fow in vitro
    • Natarajan M, Udden MM, McIntire LV. Adhesion of sickle red blood cells and damage to interleukin-1 beta stimulated endothelial cells under fow in vitro. Blood 87(11), 4845-4852 (1996).
    • (1996) Blood , vol.87 , Issue.11 , pp. 4845-4852
    • Natarajan, M.1    Udden, M.M.2    McIntire, L.V.3
  • 23
    • 8644256005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of endothelial cell P-selectin to the microvascular fow of mouse sickle erythrocytes in vivo
    • Embury SH, Matsui NM, Ramanujam S et al. The contribution of endothelial cell P-selectin to the microvascular fow of mouse sickle erythrocytes in vivo. Blood 104(10), 3378-3385 (2004).
    • (2004) Blood , vol.104 , Issue.10 , pp. 3378-3385
    • Embury, S.H.1    Matsui, N.M.2    Ramanujam, S.3
  • 24
    • 0033168348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The carboxy-terminal cell-binding domain of thrombospondin is essential for sickle red blood cell adhesion
    • Hillery CA, Scott JP, Du MC. The carboxy-terminal cell-binding domain of thrombospondin is essential for sickle red blood cell adhesion. Blood 94(1), 302-309 (1999).
    • (1999) Blood , vol.94 , Issue.1 , pp. 302-309
    • Hillery, C.A.1    Scott, J.P.2    Du, M.C.3
  • 25
    • 0028894111 scopus 로고
    • Sickle reticulocytes adhere to VCAM-1
    • Gee BE, Platt OS. Sickle reticulocytes adhere to VCAM-1. Blood 85(1), 268-274 (1995).
    • (1995) Blood , vol.85 , Issue.1 , pp. 268-274
    • Gee, B.E.1    Platt, O.S.2
  • 26
    • 0027252053 scopus 로고
    • Sickle erythrocyte-endothelial interactions in microcirculation: The role of von Willebrand factor and implications for vasoocclusion
    • Kaul DK, Nagel RL, Chen D, Tsai HM. Sickle erythrocyte-endothelial interactions in microcirculation: the role of von Willebrand factor and implications for vasoocclusion. Blood 81(9), 2429-2438 (1993).
    • (1993) Blood , vol.81 , Issue.9 , pp. 2429-2438
    • Kaul, D.K.1    Nagel, R.L.2    Chen, D.3    Tsai, H.M.4
  • 27
    • 0020526877 scopus 로고
    • Fibrinogen, a modulator of erythrocyte adhesion to vascular endothelium
    • Wautier JL, Pintigny D, Wautier MP et al. Fibrinogen, a modulator of erythrocyte adhesion to vascular endothelium. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 101(6), 911-920 (1983).
    • (1983) J. Lab. Clin. Med. , vol.101 , Issue.6 , pp. 911-920
    • Wautier, J.L.1    Pintigny, D.2    Wautier, M.P.3
  • 28
    • 38549131853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coagulation activation and infammation in sickle cell disease-associated pulmonary hypertension
    • Ataga KI, Moore CG, Hillery CA et al. Coagulation activation and infammation in sickle cell disease-associated pulmonary hypertension. Haematologica 93(1), 20-26 (2008).
    • (2008) Haematologica , vol.93 , Issue.1 , pp. 20-26
    • Ataga, K.I.1    Moore, C.G.2    Hillery, C.A.3
  • 29
    • 33644841363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leukocyte adhesion and the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease
    • Okpala I. Leukocyte adhesion and the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease. Curr. Opin. Hematol. 13(1), 40-44 (2006).
    • (2006) Curr. Opin. Hematol. , vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp. 40-44
    • Okpala, I.1
  • 30
    • 10244278094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sickle cell vasoocclusion: Heterotypic, multicellular aggregations driven by leukocyte adhesion
    • Frenette PS. Sickle cell vasoocclusion: heterotypic, multicellular aggregations driven by leukocyte adhesion. Microcirculation 11(2), 167-177 (2004).
    • (2004) Microcirculation , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 167-177
    • Frenette, P.S.1
  • 31
    • 21444441271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysregulated arginine metabolism, hemolysis-associated pulmonary hypertension, and mortality in sickle cell disease
    • Morris CR, Kato GJ, Poljakovic M et al. Dysregulated arginine metabolism, hemolysis-associated pulmonary hypertension, and mortality in sickle cell disease. JAMA 294(1), 81-90 (2005).
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.294 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-90
    • Morris, C.R.1    Kato, G.J.2    Poljakovic, M.3
  • 32
    • 65949124657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of vasculopathy in sickle cell disease and thalassemia
    • Morris CR. Mechanisms of vasculopathy in sickle cell disease and thalassemia. Hematology Am. Soc. Hematol. Educ. Program 177-185 (2008).
    • (2008) Hematology Am. Soc. Hematol. Educ. Program , pp. 177-185
    • Morris, C.R.1
  • 33
    • 38049129666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erythrocyte glutamine depletion, altered redox environment, and pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease
    • Morris CR, Suh JH, Hagar W et al. Erythrocyte glutamine depletion, altered redox environment, and pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease. Blood 111(1), 402-410 (2008).
    • (2008) Blood , vol.111 , Issue.1 , pp. 402-410
    • Morris, C.R.1    Suh, J.H.2    Hagar, W.3
  • 34
    • 33745141905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regular transfusion lowers plasma free hemoglobin in children with sickle-cell disease at risk for stroke
    • Lezcano NE, Odo N, Kutlar A, Brambilla D, Adams RJ. Regular transfusion lowers plasma free hemoglobin in children with sickle-cell disease at risk for stroke. Stroke. 37(6), 1424-1426 (2006).
    • (2006) Stroke. , vol.37 , Issue.6 , pp. 1424-1426
    • Lezcano, N.E.1    Odo, N.2    Kutlar, A.3    Brambilla, D.4    Adams, R.J.5
  • 35
    • 0028231790 scopus 로고
    • Alpha thalassemia and stroke risk in sickle cell anemia
    • Adams RJ, Kutlar A, McKie V et al. Alpha thalassemia and stroke risk in sickle cell anemia. Am. J. Hematol. 45(4), 279-282 (1994).
    • (1994) Am. J. Hematol. , vol.45 , Issue.4 , pp. 279-282
    • Adams, R.J.1    Kutlar, A.2    McKie, V.3
  • 36
    • 33846279380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deconstructing sickle cell disease: Reappraisal of the role of hemolysis in the development of clinical subphenotypes
    • Kato GJ, Gladwin MT, Steinberg MH. Deconstructing sickle cell disease: reappraisal of the role of hemolysis in the development of clinical subphenotypes. Blood Rev. 21(1), 37-47 (2007).
    • (2007) Blood Rev. , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 37-47
    • Kato, G.J.1    Gladwin, M.T.2    Steinberg, M.H.3
  • 37
    • 37249001371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum lactate dehydrogenase activity as a biomarker in children with sickle cell disease
    • O'Driscoll S, Height SE, Dick MC, Rees DC. Serum lactate dehydrogenase activity as a biomarker in children with sickle cell disease. Br. J. Haematol. 140(2), 206-209 (2008).
    • (2008) Br. J. Haematol. , vol.140 , Issue.2 , pp. 206-209
    • O'Driscoll, S.1    Height, S.E.2    Dick, M.C.3    Rees, D.C.4
  • 38
    • 0017822187 scopus 로고
    • The natural history of stroke in sickle cell disease
    • Powars D, Wilson B, Imbus C, Pegelow C, Allen J. The natural history of stroke in sickle cell disease. Am. J. Med. 65 (3), 461-471 (1978).
    • (1978) Am. J. Med. , vol.65 , Issue.3 , pp. 461-471
    • Powars, D.1    Wilson, B.2    Imbus, C.3    Pegelow, C.4    Allen, J.5
  • 39
    • 67749116536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracranial aneurysms in sickle cell patients: Report of 2 cases and review of the literature
    • discussion 299
    • Brandão RA, de Carvalho GT, Reis BL, Bahia E, de Souza AA. Intracranial aneurysms in sickle cell patients: report of 2 cases and review of the literature. Surg. Neurol. 72(3), 296-299; discussion 299 (2009).
    • (2009) Surg. Neurol. , vol.72 , Issue.3 , pp. 296-299
    • Brandão, R.A.1    De Carvalho, G.T.2    Reis, B.L.3    Bahia, E.4    De Souza, A.A.5
  • 40
    • 2442691357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sickle cell cerebrovascular disease: Usual and unusual fndings on MR imaging and MR angiography
    • Moritani T, Numaguchi Y, Lemer NB et al. Sickle cell cerebrovascular disease: usual and unusual fndings on MR imaging and MR angiography. Clin. Imaging 28(3), 173-186 (2004).
    • (2004) Clin. Imaging , vol.28 , Issue.3 , pp. 173-186
    • Moritani, T.1    Numaguchi, Y.2    Lemer, N.B.3
  • 41
    • 0036566530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moyamoya syndrome in childhood sickle cell disease: A predictive factor for recurrent cerebrovascular events
    • Dobson SR, Holden KR, Nietert PJ et al. Moyamoya syndrome in childhood sickle cell disease: a predictive factor for recurrent cerebrovascular events. Blood 99(9), 3144-3150 (2002).
    • (2002) Blood , vol.99 , Issue.9 , pp. 3144-3150
    • Dobson, S.R.1    Holden, K.R.2    Nietert, P.J.3
  • 42
    • 0035195761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silent infarcts in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal cerebral artery velocity
    • Pegelow CH, Wang W, Granger S et al.; STOP Trial. Silent infarcts in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal cerebral artery velocity. Arch. Neurol. 58(12), 2017-2021 (2001).
    • (2001) Arch. Neurol. , vol.58 , Issue.12 , pp. 2017-2021
    • Pegelow, C.H.1    Wang, W.2    Granger, S.3
  • 43
    • 0025071535 scopus 로고
    • Small deep cerebral infarcts associated with occlusive internal carotid artery disease. A hemodynamic phenomenon?
    • Waterston JA, Brown MM, Butler P, Swash M. Small deep cerebral infarcts associated with occlusive internal carotid artery disease. A hemodynamic phenomenon? Arch. Neurol. 47(9), 953-957 (1990).
    • (1990) Arch. Neurol. , vol.47 , Issue.9 , pp. 953-957
    • Waterston, J.A.1    Brown, M.M.2    Butler, P.3    Swash, M.4
  • 44
  • 45
    • 0034455618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multicenter comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in the evaluation of the central nervous system in children with sickle cell disease
    • Wang WC, Gallagher DM, Pegelow CH et al. Multicenter comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in the evaluation of the central nervous system in children with sickle cell disease. J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. 22(4), 335-339 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 335-339
    • Wang, W.C.1    Gallagher, D.M.2    Pegelow, C.H.3
  • 46
    • 78751697297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silent cerebral infarcts occur despite regular blood transfusion therapy after frst strokes in children with sickle cell disease
    • Hulbert ML, McKinstry RC, Lacey JL et al. Silent cerebral infarcts occur despite regular blood transfusion therapy after frst strokes in children with sickle cell disease. Blood 117 (3), 772-779 (2011).
    • (2011) Blood , vol.117 , Issue.3 , pp. 772-779
    • Hulbert, M.L.1    McKinstry, R.C.2    Lacey, J.L.3
  • 47
    • 0034834753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silent infarction as a risk factor for overt stroke in children with sickle cell anemia: A report from the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease
    • Miller ST, Macklin EA, Pegelow CH et al.; Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease. Silent infarction as a risk factor for overt stroke in children with sickle cell anemia: a report from the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease. J. Pediatr. 139(3), 385-390 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Pediatr. , vol.139 , Issue.3 , pp. 385-390
    • Miller, S.T.1    MacKlin, E.A.2    Pegelow, C.H.3
  • 48
    • 0035954012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nocturnal hypoxaemia and central-nervous-system events in sickle-cell disease
    • Kirkham FJ, Hewes DK, Prengler M, Wade A, Lane R, Evans JP. Nocturnal hypoxaemia and central-nervous-system events in sickle-cell disease. Lancet 357(9269), 1656-1659 (2001).
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.357 , Issue.9269 , pp. 1656-1659
    • Kirkham, F.J.1    Hewes, D.K.2    Prengler, M.3    Wade, A.4    Lane, R.5    Evans, J.P.6
  • 49
    • 84555178140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep-disordered breathing and transcranial Dopplers in sickle cell disease
    • Goldstein NA, Keller R, Rey K et al. Sleep-disordered breathing and transcranial Dopplers in sickle cell disease. Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 137(12), 1263-1268 (2011).
    • (2011) Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. , vol.137 , Issue.12 , pp. 1263-1268
    • Goldstein, N.A.1    Keller, R.2    Rey, K.3
  • 50
    • 78751575588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of adenotonsillectomy in reducing obstructive sleep apnea, cerebrovascular ischemia, vaso-occlusive pain, and ACS episodes in pediatric sickle cell disease
    • Tripathi A, Jerrell JM, Stallworth JR. Cost-effectiveness of adenotonsillectomy in reducing obstructive sleep apnea, cerebrovascular ischemia, vaso-occlusive pain, and ACS episodes in pediatric sickle cell disease. Ann. Hematol. 90(2), 145-150 (2011).
    • (2011) Ann. Hematol. , vol.90 , Issue.2 , pp. 145-150
    • Tripathi, A.1    Jerrell, J.M.2    Stallworth, J.R.3
  • 51
    • 0033744981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial Doppler (TCD) screening for stroke prevention in sickle cell anemia: Pitfalls in technique variation
    • Bulas DI, Jones A, Seibert JJ, Driscoll C, O'Donnell R, Adams RJ. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) screening for stroke prevention in sickle cell anemia: pitfalls in technique variation. Pediatr. Radiol. 30(11), 733-738 (2000).
    • (2000) Pediatr. Radiol. , vol.30 , Issue.11 , pp. 733-738
    • Bulas, D.I.1    Jones, A.2    Seibert, J.J.3    Driscoll, C.4    O'Donnell, R.5    Adams, R.J.6
  • 52
    • 0026724041 scopus 로고
    • Transcranial Doppler correlation with cerebral angiography in sickle cell disease
    • Adams RJ, Nichols F T, Figueroa R, McKie V, Lott T. Transcranial Doppler correlation with cerebral angiography in sickle cell disease. Stroke. 23 (8), 1073-1077 (1992).
    • (1992) Stroke. , vol.23 , Issue.8 , pp. 1073-1077
    • Adams, R.J.1    Nichols, F.T.2    Figueroa, R.3    McKie, V.4    Lott, T.5
  • 53
    • 15444348891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term stroke risk in children with sickle cell disease screened with transcra-nial Doppler
    • Adams RJ, McKie VC, Carl EM et al. Long-term stroke risk in children with sickle cell disease screened with transcra-nial Doppler. Ann. Neurol. 42(5), 699-704 (1997).
    • (1997) Ann. Neurol. , vol.42 , Issue.5 , pp. 699-704
    • Adams, R.J.1    McKie, V.C.2    Carl, E.M.3
  • 54
    • 12144290116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance angiography in children with sickle cell disease and abnormal transcranial Doppler ultrasonography fndings enrolled in the STOP study
    • Abboud MR, Cure J, Granger S et al.; STOP study. Magnetic resonance angiography in children with sickle cell disease and abnormal transcranial Doppler ultrasonography fndings enrolled in the STOP study. Blood 103(7), 2822-2826 (2004).
    • (2004) Blood , vol.103 , Issue.7 , pp. 2822-2826
    • Abboud, M.R.1    Cure, J.2    Granger, S.3
  • 55
    • 68249150748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Submandibular TCD approach detects post-bulb ICA stenosis in children with sickle cell anemia
    • Gorman MJ, Nyström K, Carbonella J, Pearson H. Submandibular TCD approach detects post-bulb ICA stenosis in children with sickle cell anemia. Neurology 73(5), 362-365 (2009).
    • (2009) Neurology , vol.73 , Issue.5 , pp. 362-365
    • Gorman, M.J.1    Nyström, K.2    Carbonella, J.3    Pearson, H.4
  • 56
    • 77956047860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracranial internal carotid arterial disease in children with sickle cell anemia
    • Deane CR, Goss D, Bartram J et al. Extracranial internal carotid arterial disease in children with sickle cell anemia. Haematologica 95(8), 1287-1292 (2010).
    • (2010) Haematologica , vol.95 , Issue.8 , pp. 1287-1292
    • Deane, C.R.1    Goss, D.2    Bartram, J.3
  • 57
    • 38849161561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial Doppler scanning and the assessment of stroke risk in children with HbSC [corrected] disease
    • Deane CR, Goss D, O'Driscoll S et al. Transcranial Doppler scanning and the assessment of stroke risk in children with HbSC [corrected] disease. Arch. Dis. Child. 93(2), 138-141 (2008).
    • (2008) Arch. Dis. Child. , vol.93 , Issue.2 , pp. 138-141
    • Deane, C.R.1    Goss, D.2    O'Driscoll, S.3
  • 58
    • 33747714519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in adults with sickle cell disease
    • Valadi N, Silva GS, Bowman LS et al. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in adults with sickle cell disease. Neurology 67(4), 572-574 (2006).
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.67 , Issue.4 , pp. 572-574
    • Valadi, N.1    Silva, G.S.2    Bowman, L.S.3
  • 60
    • 67650096495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in adult patients with sickle cell disease: Correlation with transcranial Doppler fndings
    • Silva GS, Vicari P, Figueiredo MS, Carrete H Jr, Idagawa MH, Massaro AR. Brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in adult patients with sickle cell disease: correlation with transcranial Doppler fndings. Stroke 40(7), 2408-2412 (2009).
    • (2009) Stroke , vol.40 , Issue.7 , pp. 2408-2412
    • Silva, G.S.1    Vicari, P.2    Figueiredo, M.S.3    Carrete, Jr.H.4    Idagawa, M.H.5    Massaro, A.R.6
  • 61
    • 33750937765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary hemor-rhagic stroke in children with sickle cell disease is associated with recent transfusion and use of corticosteroids
    • Strouse JJ, Hulbert ML, DeBaun MR, Jordan LC, Casella JF. Primary hemor-rhagic stroke in children with sickle cell disease is associated with recent transfusion and use of corticosteroids. Pediatrics 118 (5), 1916-1924 (2006).
    • (2006) Pediatrics , vol.118 , Issue.5 , pp. 1916-1924
    • Strouse, J.J.1    Hulbert, M.L.2    Debaun, M.R.3    Jordan, L.C.4    Casella, J.F.5
  • 62
    • 0032989606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silent cerebral infarcts in sickle cell anemia: A risk factor analysis. The Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease
    • Kinney TR, Sleeper LA, Wang WC et al. Silent cerebral infarcts in sickle cell anemia: a risk factor analysis. The Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease. Pediatrics 103(3), 640-645 (1999).
    • (1999) Pediatrics , vol.103 , Issue.3 , pp. 640-645
    • Kinney, T.R.1    Sleeper, L.A.2    Wang, W.C.3
  • 63
    • 84860328824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associated risk factors for silent cerebral infarcts in sickle cell anemia: Low baseline hemoglobin, sex, and relative high systolic blood pressure
    • DeBaun MR, Sarnaik SA, Rodeghier MJ et al. Associated risk factors for silent cerebral infarcts in sickle cell anemia: low baseline hemoglobin, sex, and relative high systolic blood pressure. Blood 119 (16), 3684-3690 (2012).
    • (2012) Blood , vol.119 , Issue.16 , pp. 3684-3690
    • Debaun, M.R.1    Sarnaik, S.A.2    Rodeghier, M.J.3
  • 64
    • 84867463377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance angiography-defned intracranial vasculopathy is associated with silent cerebral infarcts and glucose-6-phos-phate dehydrogenase mutation in children with sickle cell anaemia
    • Thangarajh M, Yang G, Fuchs D et al. Magnetic resonance angiography-defned intracranial vasculopathy is associated with silent cerebral infarcts and glucose-6-phos-phate dehydrogenase mutation in children with sickle cell anaemia. Br. J. Haematol. 159 (3), 352-359 (2012).
    • (2012) Br. J. Haematol. , vol.159 , Issue.3 , pp. 352-359
    • Thangarajh, M.1    Yang, G.2    Fuchs, D.3
  • 65
    • 58149143300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G6PD defciency, absence of alpha-thalas-semia, and hemolytic rate at baseline are signifcant independent risk factors for abnormally high cerebral velocities in patients with sickle cell anemia
    • Bernaudin F, Verlhac S, Chevret S et al. G6PD defciency, absence of alpha-thalas-semia, and hemolytic rate at baseline are signifcant independent risk factors for abnormally high cerebral velocities in patients with sickle cell anemia. Blood 112(10), 4314-4317 (2008).
    • (2008) Blood , vol.112 , Issue.10 , pp. 4314-4317
    • Bernaudin, F.1    Verlhac, S.2    Chevret, S.3
  • 66
    • 70149123073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase defciency is not associated with cerebrovas-cular disease in children with sickle cell anemia
    • author reply 743
    • Rees DC, Lambert C, Cooper E et al. Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase defciency is not associated with cerebrovas-cular disease in children with sickle cell anemia. Blood 114(3), 742-743; author reply 743 (2009).
    • (2009) Blood , vol.114 , Issue.3 , pp. 742-743
    • Rees, D.C.1    Lambert, C.2    Cooper, E.3
  • 68
    • 0042570486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke Prevention Trial (STOP) and the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (CSSCD). Alpha thalassemia is associated with decreased risk of abnormal transcra-nial Doppler ultrasonography in children with sickle cell anemia
    • Hsu LL, Miller ST, Wright E et al.; Stroke Prevention Trial (STOP) and the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (CSSCD). Alpha thalassemia is associated with decreased risk of abnormal transcra-nial Doppler ultrasonography in children with sickle cell anemia. J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. 25(8), 622-628 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. , vol.25 , Issue.8 , pp. 622-628
    • Hsu, L.L.1    Miller, S.T.2    Wright, E.3
  • 69
    • 0029017748 scopus 로고
    • Clinical events in the frst decade in a cohort of infants with sickle cell disease. Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease
    • Gill FM, Sleeper LA, Weiner SJ et al. Clinical events in the frst decade in a cohort of infants with sickle cell disease. Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease. Blood 86(2), 776-783 (1995).
    • (1995) Blood , vol.86 , Issue.2 , pp. 776-783
    • Gill, F.M.1    Sleeper, L.A.2    Weiner, S.J.3
  • 71
    • 0037443399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke risk in siblings with sickle cell anemia
    • Driscoll MC, Hurlet A, Styles L et al. Stroke risk in siblings with sickle cell anemia. Blood 101(6), 2401-2404 (2003).
    • (2003) Blood , vol.101 , Issue.6 , pp. 2401-2404
    • Driscoll, M.C.1    Hurlet, A.2    Styles, L.3
  • 72
    • 1542283710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene interactions and stroke risk in children with sickle cell anemia
    • Hoppe C, Klitz W, Cheng S et al.; CSSCD Investigators. Gene interactions and stroke risk in children with sickle cell anemia. Blood 103(6), 2391-2396 (2004).
    • (2004) Blood , vol.103 , Issue.6 , pp. 2391-2396
    • Hoppe, C.1    Klitz, W.2    Cheng, S.3
  • 73
    • 34548269532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke Prevention Trial in Sickle Cell Anemia (STOP) Investigators. Confrma-tion of an association between the TNF(-308) promoter polymorphism and stroke risk in children with sickle cell anemia
    • Hoppe C, Klitz W, D'Harlingue K et al.; Stroke Prevention Trial in Sickle Cell Anemia (STOP) Investigators. Confrma-tion of an association between the TNF(-308) promoter polymorphism and stroke risk in children with sickle cell anemia. Stroke 38(8), 2241-2246 (2007).
    • (2007) Stroke , vol.38 , Issue.8 , pp. 2241-2246
    • Hoppe, C.1    Klitz, W.2    D'Harlingue, K.3
  • 74
    • 0034210945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for HLA-related susceptibility for stroke in children with sickle cell disease
    • Styles LA, Hoppe C, Klitz W, Vichinsky E, Lubin B, Trachtenberg E. Evidence for HLA-related susceptibility for stroke in children with sickle cell disease. Blood 95(11), 3562-3567 (2000).
    • (2000) Blood , vol.95 , Issue.11 , pp. 3562-3567
    • Styles, L.A.1    Hoppe, C.2    Klitz, W.3    Vichinsky, E.4    Lubin, B.5    Trachtenberg, E.6
  • 75
    • 0038107362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct HLA associations by stroke subtype in children with sickle cell anemia
    • Hoppe C, Klitz W, Noble J, Vigil L, Vichinsky E, Styles L. Distinct HLA associations by stroke subtype in children with sickle cell anemia. Blood 101(7), 2865-2869 (2003).
    • (2003) Blood , vol.101 , Issue.7 , pp. 2865-2869
    • Hoppe, C.1    Klitz, W.2    Noble, J.3    Vigil, L.4    Vichinsky, E.5    Styles, L.6
  • 76
    • 0037114628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variants in the VCAM1 gene and risk for symptomatic stroke in sickle cell disease
    • Taylor JG 6th, Tang DC, Savage SA et al. Variants in the VCAM1 gene and risk for symptomatic stroke in sickle cell disease. Blood 100(13), 4303-4309 2002).
    • (2002) Blood , vol.100 , Issue.13 , pp. 4303-4309
    • Taylor, V.I.J.G.1    Tang, D.C.2    Savage, S.A.3
  • 77
    • 79959278268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic predictors for stroke in children with sickle cell anemia
    • Flanagan JM, Frohlich DM, Howard TA et al. Genetic predictors for stroke in children with sickle cell anemia. Blood 117(24), 6681-6684 (2011).
    • (2011) Blood , vol.117 , Issue.24 , pp. 6681-6684
    • Flanagan, J.M.1    Frohlich, D.M.2    Howard, T.A.3
  • 78
    • 2542470807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic risk factors for cerebrovascular disease in children with sickle cell disease: Design of a case-control association study and genomewide screen
    • Adams GT, Snieder H, McKie VC et al. Genetic risk factors for cerebrovascular disease in children with sickle cell disease: design of a case-control association study and genomewide screen. BMC Med. Genet. 4, 6 (2003).
    • (2003) BMC Med. Genet. , vol.4 , pp. 6
    • Adams, G.T.1    Snieder, H.2    McKie, V.C.3
  • 79
    • 0025797297 scopus 로고
    • Stroke in sickle cell disease: Demographic, clinical, and therapeutic considerations
    • Ohene-Frempong K. Stroke in sickle cell disease: demographic, clinical, and therapeutic considerations. Semin. Hematol. 28(3), 213-219 (1991).
    • (1991) Semin. Hematol. , vol.28 , Issue.3 , pp. 213-219
    • Ohene-Frempong, K.1
  • 80
    • 33750614993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exchange blood transfusion compared with simple transfusion for frst overt stroke is associated with a lower risk of subsequent stroke: A retrospective cohort study of 137 children with sickle cell anemia
    • Hulbert ML, Scothorn DJ, Panepinto JA et al. Exchange blood transfusion compared with simple transfusion for frst overt stroke is associated with a lower risk of subsequent stroke: a retrospective cohort study of 137 children with sickle cell anemia. J. Pediatr. 149(5), 710-712 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Pediatr. , vol.149 , Issue.5 , pp. 710-712
    • Hulbert, M.L.1    Scothorn, D.J.2    Panepinto, J.A.3
  • 81
    • 0025730486 scopus 로고
    • Functional outcomes of children with sickle-cell disease affected by stroke
    • Hariman LM, Griffth ER, Hurtig AL, Keehn MT. Functional outcomes of children with sickle-cell disease affected by stroke. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 72(7), 498-502 (1991).
    • (1991) Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. , vol.72 , Issue.7 , pp. 498-502
    • Hariman, L.M.1    Griffth, E.R.2    Hurtig, A.L.3    Keehn, M.T.4
  • 82
    • 39549099539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Need for cognitive rehabilitation for children with sickle cell disease and strokes
    • King AA, DeBaun MR, White DA. Need for cognitive rehabilitation for children with sickle cell disease and strokes. Expert Rev. Neurother. 8(2), 291-296 (2008).
    • (2008) Expert Rev. Neurother. , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 291-296
    • King, A.A.1    Debaun, M.R.2    White, D.A.3
  • 83
    • 34249895577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot randomized education rehabilitation trial is feasible in sickle cell and strokes
    • King AA, White DA, McKinstry RC, Noetzel M, Debaun MR. A pilot randomized education rehabilitation trial is feasible in sickle cell and strokes. Neurology 68(23), 2008-2011 (2007).
    • (2007) Neurology , vol.68 , Issue.23 , pp. 2008-2011
    • King, A.A.1    White, D.A.2    McKinstry, R.C.3    Noetzel, M.4    Debaun, M.R.5
  • 84
    • 0031834794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative MRI of the brain in children with sickle cell disease reveals abnormalities unseen by conventional MRI
    • Steen RG, Reddick WE, Mulhern RK et al. Quantitative MRI of the brain in children with sickle cell disease reveals abnormalities unseen by conventional MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 8(3), 535-543 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Magn. Reson. Imaging , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 535-543
    • Steen, R.G.1    Reddick, W.E.2    Mulhern, R.K.3
  • 85
    • 0032863487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coil embolization of cerebral aneurysms in patients with sickling disorders
    • McQuaker IG, Jaspan T, McConachie NS, Dolan G. Coil embolization of cerebral aneurysms in patients with sickling disorders. Br. J. Haematol. 106 (2), 388-390 (1999).
    • (1999) Br. J. Haematol. , vol.106 , Issue.2 , pp. 388-390
    • McQuaker, I.G.1    Jaspan, T.2    McConachie, N.S.3    Dolan, G.4
  • 86
  • 88
    • 0036220398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell disease receiving blood transfusion therapy for at least fve years after initial stroke
    • Scothorn DJ, Price C, Schwartz D et al. Risk of recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell disease receiving blood transfusion therapy for at least fve years after initial stroke. J. Pediatr. 140 (3), 348-354 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Pediatr. , vol.140 , Issue.3 , pp. 348-354
    • Scothorn, D.J.1    Price, C.2    Schwartz, D.3
  • 89
    • 0029005136 scopus 로고
    • Risk of recurrent stroke in patients with sickle cell disease treated with erythrocyte transfusions
    • Pegelow CH, Adams RJ, McKie V et al. Risk of recurrent stroke in patients with sickle cell disease treated with erythrocyte transfusions. J. Pediatr. 126(6), 896-899 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Pediatr. , vol.126 , Issue.6 , pp. 896-899
    • Pegelow, C.H.1    Adams, R.J.2    McKie, V.3
  • 90
    • 79952158820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of transfusion therapy on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography velocities in children with sickle cell disease
    • Kwiatkowski JL, Yim E, Miller S, Adams RJ; STOP 2 Study Investigators. Effect of transfusion therapy on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography velocities in children with sickle cell disease. Pediatr. Blood Cancer 56(5), 777-782 (2011).
    • (2011) Pediatr. Blood Cancer , vol.56 , Issue.5 , pp. 777-782
    • Kwiatkowski, J.L.1    Yim, E.2    Miller, S.3    Adams, R.J.4
  • 91
    • 79960839271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of chronic transfusion therapy on progression of neurovascular pathology in pediatric patients with sickle cell anemia
    • Bishop S, Matheus MG, Abboud MR et al. Effect of chronic transfusion therapy on progression of neurovascular pathology in pediatric patients with sickle cell anemia. Blood Cells Mol. Dis. 47(2), 125-128 (2011).
    • (2011) Blood Cells Mol. Dis. , vol.47 , Issue.2 , pp. 125-128
    • Bishop, S.1    Matheus, M.G.2    Abboud, M.R.3
  • 92
    • 67649404712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does regular blood transfusion prevent progression of cerebrovascular lesions in children with sickle cell disease?
    • Brousse V, Hertz-Pannier L, Consigny Y et al. Does regular blood transfusion prevent progression of cerebrovascular lesions in children with sickle cell disease? Ann. Hematol. 88(8), 785-788 (2009).
    • (2009) Ann. Hematol. , vol.88 , Issue.8 , pp. 785-788
    • Brousse, V.1    Hertz-Pannier, L.2    Consigny, Y.3
  • 93
    • 58149269437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of transfusion therapy on cerebral vasculopathy in children with sickle-cell anemia
    • Bader-Meunier B, Verlhac S, Elmaleh-Bergès M et al. Effect of transfusion therapy on cerebral vasculopathy in children with sickle-cell anemia. Haematologica 94(1), 123-126 (2009).
    • (2009) Haematologica , vol.94 , Issue.1 , pp. 123-126
    • Bader-Meunier, B.1    Verlhac, S.2    Elmaleh-Bergès, M.3
  • 94
    • 0026034335 scopus 로고
    • High risk of recurrent stroke after discontinuance of fve to twelve years of transfusion therapy in patients with sickle cell disease
    • Wang WC, Kovnar EH, Tonkin IL et al. High risk of recurrent stroke after discontinuance of fve to twelve years of transfusion therapy in patients with sickle cell disease. J. Pediatr. 118(3), 377-382 (1991).
    • (1991) J. Pediatr. , vol.118 , Issue.3 , pp. 377-382
    • Wang, W.C.1    Kovnar, E.H.2    Tonkin, I.L.3
  • 95
    • 79958816234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red cell exchange does not appear to increase the rate of allo-and auto-immunization in chronically transfused children with sickle cell disease
    • Venkateswaran L, Teruya J, Bustillos C, Mahoney D Jr, Mueller BU. Red cell exchange does not appear to increase the rate of allo-and auto-immunization in chronically transfused children with sickle cell disease. Pediatr. Blood Cancer 57(2), 294-296 (2011).
    • (2011) Pediatr. Blood Cancer , vol.57 , Issue.2 , pp. 294-296
    • Venkateswaran, L.1    Teruya, J.2    Bustillos, C.3    Mahoney, Jr.D.4    Mueller, B.U.5
  • 96
    • 0035132761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current issues with blood transfusions in sickle cell disease
    • Vichinsky EP. Current issues with blood transfusions in sickle cell disease. Semin. Hematol. 38(1 Suppl. 1), 14-22 (2001).
    • (2001) Semin. Hematol. , vol.38 , Issue.1 SUPPL. 1 , pp. 14-22
    • Vichinsky, E.P.1
  • 97
    • 34147180552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morbidity and mortality in chronically transfused subjects with thalassemia and sickle cell disease: A report from the multi-center study of iron overload
    • Fung EB, Harmatz P, Milet M et al.; Multi-Center Study of Iron Overload Research Group. Morbidity and mortality in chronically transfused subjects with thalassemia and sickle cell disease: a report from the multi-center study of iron overload. Am. J. Hematol. 82(4), 255-265 (2007).
    • (2007) Am. J. Hematol. , vol.82 , Issue.4 , pp. 255-265
    • Fung, E.B.1    Harmatz, P.2    Milet, M.3
  • 98
    • 0027958085 scopus 로고
    • Erythrocytapheresis therapy to reduce iron overload in chronically transfused patients with sickle cell disease
    • Kim HC, Dugan NP, Silber JH et al. Erythrocytapheresis therapy to reduce iron overload in chronically transfused patients with sickle cell disease. Blood 83(4), 1136-1142 (1994).
    • (1994) Blood , vol.83 , Issue.4 , pp. 1136-1142
    • Kim, H.C.1    Dugan, N.P.2    Silber, J.H.3
  • 99
    • 0030040223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erythrocytapheresis can reduce iron overload and prevent the need for chelation therapy in chronically transfused pediatric patients
    • Adams DM, Schultz WH, Ware RE, Kinney TR. Erythrocytapheresis can reduce iron overload and prevent the need for chelation therapy in chronically transfused pediatric patients. J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. 18(1), 46-50 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 46-50
    • Adams, D.M.1    Schultz, W.H.2    Ware, R.E.3    Kinney, T.R.4
  • 100
    • 0031824987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erythrocytapheresis limits iron accumulation in chronically transfused sickle cell patients
    • Hilliard LM, Williams BF, Lounsbury AE, Howard TH. Erythrocytapheresis limits iron accumulation in chronically transfused sickle cell patients. Am. J. Hematol. 59(1), 28-35 (1998).
    • (1998) Am. J. Hematol. , vol.59 , Issue.1 , pp. 28-35
    • Hilliard, L.M.1    Williams, B.F.2    Lounsbury, A.E.3    Howard, T.H.4
  • 101
    • 0032735280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erythrocytapheresis for chronically transfused children with sickle cell disease: An effective method for maintaining a low hemoglobin S level and reducing iron overload
    • Singer ST, Quirolo K, Nishi K, Hackney-Stephens E, Evans C, Vichinsky EP. Erythrocytapheresis for chronically transfused children with sickle cell disease: an effective method for maintaining a low hemoglobin S level and reducing iron overload. J. Clin. Apher. 14(3), 122-125 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Clin. Apher. , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 122-125
    • Singer, S.T.1    Quirolo, K.2    Nishi, K.3    Hackney-Stephens, E.4    Evans, C.5    Vichinsky, E.P.6
  • 102
    • 0026552537 scopus 로고
    • A modifed transfusion program for prevention of stroke in sickle cell disease
    • Cohen AR, Martin MB, Silber JH, Kim HC, Ohene-Frempong K, Schwartz E. A modifed transfusion program for prevention of stroke in sickle cell disease. Blood 79 (7), 1657-1661 (1992).
    • (1992) Blood , vol.79 , Issue.7 , pp. 1657-1661
    • Cohen, A.R.1    Martin, M.B.2    Silber, J.H.3    Kim, H.C.4    Ohene-Frempong, K.5    Schwartz, E.6
  • 103
    • 0026599497 scopus 로고
    • Less intensive long-term transfusion therapy for sickle cell anemia and cerebrovascular accident
    • Miller ST, Jensen D, Rao SP. Less intensive long-term transfusion therapy for sickle cell anemia and cerebrovascular accident. J. Pediatr. 120(1), 54-57 (1992).
    • (1992) J. Pediatr. , vol.120 , Issue.1 , pp. 54-57
    • Miller, S.T.1    Jensen, D.2    Rao, S.P.3
  • 104
    • 80052907324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke recurrence in children with sickle cell disease treated with hydroxyurea following frst clinical stroke
    • Ali SB, Moosang M, King L, Knight-Mad den J, Reid M. Stroke recurrence in children with sickle cell disease treated with hydroxyurea following frst clinical stroke. Am. J. Hematol. 86(10), 846-850 (2011).
    • (2011) Am. J. Hematol. , vol.86 , Issue.10 , pp. 846-850
    • Ali, S.B.1    Moosang, M.2    King, L.3    Knight-Mad Den, J.4    Reid, M.5
  • 105
    • 4444309490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of secondary stroke and resolution of transfusional iron overload in children with sickle cell anemia using hydroxyurea and phlebotomy
    • Ware RE, Zimmerman SA, Sylvestre PB et al. Prevention of secondary stroke and resolution of transfusional iron overload in children with sickle cell anemia using hydroxyurea and phlebotomy. J. Pediatr. 145(3), 346-352 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Pediatr. , vol.145 , Issue.3 , pp. 346-352
    • Ware, R.E.1    Zimmerman, S.A.2    Sylvestre, P.B.3
  • 106
    • 84860348352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke with Transfusions Changing to Hydroxyurea (SWiTCH)
    • Ware RE, Helms RW; SWiTCH Investigators. Stroke With Transfusions Changing to Hydroxyurea (SWiTCH). Blood 119(17), 3925-3932 (2012).
    • (2012) Blood , vol.119 , Issue.17 , pp. 3925-3932
    • Ware, R.E.1    Helms, R.W.2
  • 107
    • 0033229703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxyurea as an alternative to blood transfusions for the prevention of recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell disease
    • Ware RE, Zimmerman SA, Schultz WH. Hydroxyurea as an alternative to blood transfusions for the prevention of recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell disease. Blood 94(9), 3022-3026 (1999).
    • (1999) Blood , vol.94 , Issue.9 , pp. 3022-3026
    • Ware, R.E.1    Zimmerman, S.A.2    Schultz, W.H.3
  • 108
    • 0036829459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxyurea (HU) for prevention of recurrent stroke in sickle cell anemia (SCA)
    • Sumoza A, de Bisotti R, Sumoza D, Fairbanks V. Hydroxyurea (HU) for prevention of recurrent stroke in sickle cell anemia (SCA). Am. J. Hematol. 71(3), 161-165 (2002).
    • (2002) Am. J. Hematol. , vol.71 , Issue.3 , pp. 161-165
    • Sumoza, A.1    De Bisotti, R.2    Sumoza, D.3    Fairbanks, V.4
  • 109
    • 38349127617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of hydroxyurea in prevention of stroke in children with sickle cell disease
    • author reply 964
    • Lefèvre N, Dufour D, Gulbis B, Lê PQ, Heijmans C, Ferster A. Use of hydroxyurea in prevention of stroke in children with sickle cell disease. Blood 111 (2), 963-964 ; author reply 964 (2008).
    • (2008) Blood , vol.111 , Issue.2 , pp. 963-964
    • Lefèvre, N.1    Dufour, D.2    Gulbis, B.3    Lê, P.Q.4    Heijmans, C.5    Ferster, A.6
  • 110
    • 0042251747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sickle cell anemia with moyamoya disease: Outcomes after EDAS procedure
    • Fryer RH, Anderson RC, Chiriboga CA, Feldstein NA. Sickle cell anemia with moyamoya disease: outcomes after EDAS procedure. Pediatr. Neurol. 29(2), 124-130 (2003).
    • (2003) Pediatr. Neurol. , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 124-130
    • Fryer, R.H.1    Anderson, R.C.2    Chiriboga, C.A.3    Feldstein, N.A.4
  • 111
    • 0029665412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Encephaloduroarte-rio-synangiosis in a child with sickle cell anemia and moyamoya disease
    • Vernet O, Montes JL, O'Gorman AM, Baruchel S, Farmer JP. Encephaloduroarte-rio-synangiosis in a child with sickle cell anemia and moyamoya disease. Pediatr. Neurol. 14(3), 226-230 (1996).
    • (1996) Pediatr. Neurol. , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 226-230
    • Vernet, O.1    Montes, J.L.2    O'Gorman, A.M.3    Baruchel, S.4    Farmer, J.P.5
  • 112
    • 79960978979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discontinuing prophylactic transfusions increases the risk of silent brain infarction in children with sickle cell disease: Data from STOP II
    • Abboud MR, Yim E, Musallam KM, Adams RJ; STOP II Study Investigators. Discontinuing prophylactic transfusions increases the risk of silent brain infarction in children with sickle cell disease: data from STOP II. Blood 118(4), 894-898 (2011).
    • (2011) Blood , vol.118 , Issue.4 , pp. 894-898
    • Abboud, M.R.1    Yim, E.2    Musallam, K.M.3    Adams, R.J.4
  • 113
    • 0035544031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stable mixed hematopoietic chimerism after bone marrow transplantation for sickle cell anemia
    • Walters MC, Patience M, Leisenring W et al.; Multicenter Investigation of Bone Marrow Transplantation for Sickle Cell Disease. Stable mixed hematopoietic chimerism after bone marrow transplantation for sickle cell anemia. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 7(12), 665-673 (2001).
    • (2001) Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. , vol.7 , Issue.12 , pp. 665-673
    • Walters, M.C.1    Patience, M.2    Leisenring, W.3
  • 114
    • 34247858963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matched-related donor transplantation for sickle cell disease: Report from the Center for International Blood and Transplant Research
    • Panepinto JA, Walters MC, Carreras J et al.; Non-Malignant Marrow Disorders Working Committee, Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research. Matched-related donor transplantation for sickle cell disease: report from the Center for International Blood and Transplant Research. Br. J. Haematol. 137(5), 479-485 (2007).
    • (2007) Br. J. Haematol. , vol.137 , Issue.5 , pp. 479-485
    • Panepinto, J.A.1    Walters, M.C.2    Carreras, J.3
  • 115
    • 0028966027 scopus 로고
    • Neurologic complications after allogeneic marrow transplantation for sickle cell anemia
    • Walters MC, Sullivan KM, Bernaudin F et al. Neurologic complications after allogeneic marrow transplantation for sickle cell anemia. Blood 85(4), 879-884 (1995).
    • (1995) Blood , vol.85 , Issue.4 , pp. 879-884
    • Walters, M.C.1    Sullivan, K.M.2    Bernaudin, F.3
  • 116
    • 75149170038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multicenter Study of Bone Marrow Transplantation for Sickle Cell Disease. Pulmonary, gonadal, and central nervous system status after bone marrow transplantation for sickle cell disease
    • Walters MC, Hardy K, Edwards S et al.; Multicenter Study of Bone Marrow Transplantation for Sickle Cell Disease. Pulmonary, gonadal, and central nervous system status after bone marrow transplantation for sickle cell disease. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 16(2), 263-272 (2010).
    • (2010) Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 263-272
    • Walters, M.C.1    Hardy, K.2    Edwards, S.3
  • 117
    • 34948830175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term results of related myeloablative stem-cell transplantation to cure sickle cell disease
    • Bernaudin F, Socie G, Kuentz M et al.; SFGM-TC. Long-term results of related myeloablative stem-cell transplantation to cure sickle cell disease. Blood 110 (7), 2749-2756 (2007).
    • (2007) Blood , vol.110 , Issue.7 , pp. 2749-2756
    • Bernaudin, F.1    Socie, G.2    Kuentz, M.3
  • 118
    • 0030133622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barriers to bone marrow transplanta-tion for sickle cell anemia
    • Walters MC, Patience M, Leisenring W et al. Barriers to bone marrow transplanta-tion for sickle cell anemia. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 2 (2), 100-104 (1996).
    • (1996) Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 100-104
    • Walters, M.C.1    Patience, M.2    Leisenring, W.3
  • 119
    • 0026040687 scopus 로고
    • Bone marrow transplantation for sickle cell disease. A study of parents' decisions
    • Kodish E, Lantos J, Stocking C, Singer PA, Siegler M, Johnson FL. Bone marrow transplantation for sickle cell disease. A study of parents' decisions. N. Engl. J. Med. 325(19), 1349-1353 (1991).
    • (1991) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.325 , Issue.19 , pp. 1349-1353
    • Kodish, E.1    Lantos, J.2    Stocking, C.3    Singer, P.A.4    Siegler, M.5    Johnson, F.L.6
  • 120
    • 34848927819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mixed haematopoietic chimerism for sickle cell disease prevents intravascular haemolysis
    • Wu CJ, Gladwin M, Tisdale J et al. Mixed haematopoietic chimerism for sickle cell disease prevents intravascular haemolysis. Br. J. Haematol. 139(3), 504-507 (2007).
    • (2007) Br. J. Haematol. , vol.139 , Issue.3 , pp. 504-507
    • Wu, C.J.1    Gladwin, M.2    Tisdale, J.3
  • 121
    • 53749086728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stable long-term donor engraftment following reduced-intensity hematopoietic cell transplantation for sickle cell disease
    • Krishnamurti L, Kharbanda S, Biernacki MA et al. Stable long-term donor engraftment following reduced-intensity hematopoietic cell transplantation for sickle cell disease. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 14(11), 1270-1278 (2008).
    • (2008) Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. , vol.14 , Issue.11 , pp. 1270-1278
    • Krishnamurti, L.1    Kharbanda, S.2    Biernacki, M.A.3
  • 122
    • 36148986518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fludarabine-based nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation for sickle cell disease with and without renal failure: Clinical outcome and pharmacokinetics
    • Horwitz ME, Spasojevic I, Morris A et al. Fludarabine-based nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation for sickle cell disease with and without renal failure: clinical outcome and pharmacokinetics. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 13(12), 1422-1426 (2007).
    • (2007) Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. , vol.13 , Issue.12 , pp. 1422-1426
    • Horwitz, M.E.1    Spasojevic, I.2    Morris, A.3
  • 123
    • 0030051313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence of fetal hemoglobin production after successful transplantation of cord blood stem cells in a patient with sickle cell anemia
    • Brichard B, Vermylen C, Ninane J, Cornu G. Persistence of fetal hemoglobin production after successful transplantation of cord blood stem cells in a patient with sickle cell anemia. J. Pediatr. 128(2), 241-243 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Pediatr. , vol.128 , Issue.2 , pp. 241-243
    • Brichard, B.1    Vermylen, C.2    Ninane, J.3    Cornu, G.4
  • 124
    • 17544400218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cord blood transplantation (CBT) in hemoglo-binopathies
    • Miniero R, Rocha V, Saracco P et al. Cord blood transplantation (CBT) in hemoglo-binopathies. Eurocord. Bone Marrow Transplant. 22(Suppl. 1), S78-S79 (1998).
    • (1998) Eurocord. Bone Marrow Transplant. , vol.22 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Miniero, R.1    Rocha, V.2    Saracco, P.3
  • 125
    • 0034268110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Successful cord blood transplantation for sickle cell anemia from a sibling who is human leukocyte antigen-identical: Implications for comprehensive care
    • Gore L, Lane PA, Quinones RR, Giller RH. Successful cord blood transplantation for sickle cell anemia from a sibling who is human leukocyte antigen-identical: implications for comprehensive care. J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. 22(5), 437-440 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. , vol.22 , Issue.5 , pp. 437-440
    • Gore, L.1    Lane, P.A.2    Quinones, R.R.3    Giller, R.H.4
  • 126
    • 0037443543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Related umbilical cord blood transplantation in patients with thalassemia and sickle cell disease
    • Locatelli F, Rocha V, Reed W et al.; Eurocord Transplant Group. Related umbilical cord blood transplantation in patients with thalassemia and sickle cell disease. Blood 101(6), 2137-2143 (2003).
    • (2003) Blood , vol.101 , Issue.6 , pp. 2137-2143
    • Locatelli, F.1    Rocha, V.2    Reed, W.3
  • 127
    • 34547428427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unrelated cord blood transplantation in children with sickle cell disease: Review of four-center experience
    • Adamkiewicz TV, Szabolcs P, Haight A et al. Unrelated cord blood transplantation in children with sickle cell disease: review of four-center experience. Pediatr. Transplant. 11(6), 641-644 (2007).
    • (2007) Pediatr. Transplant. , vol.11 , Issue.6 , pp. 641-644
    • Adamkiewicz, T.V.1    Szabolcs, P.2    Haight, A.3
  • 128
    • 33845712655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transplantation of a child with sickle cell anemia with an unrelated cord blood unit after reduced intensity conditioning
    • Mazur M, Kurtzberg J, Halperin E, Ciocci G, Szabolcs P. Transplantation of a child with sickle cell anemia with an unrelated cord blood unit after reduced intensity conditioning. J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. 28(12), 840-844 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. , vol.28 , Issue.12 , pp. 840-844
    • Mazur, M.1    Kurtzberg, J.2    Halperin, E.3    Ciocci, G.4    Szabolcs, P.5
  • 129
    • 77955014034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Successful unrelated donor cord blood transplantation for adult sickle cell disease and Hodgkin lymphoma
    • Sauter C, Rausen AR, Barker JN. Successful unrelated donor cord blood transplantation for adult sickle cell disease and Hodgkin lymphoma. Bone Marrow Transplant. 45(7), 1252 (2010).
    • (2010) Bone Marrow Transplant. , vol.45 , Issue.7 , pp. 1252
    • Sauter, C.1    Rausen, A.R.2    Barker, J.N.3
  • 130
    • 84864005843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unrelated donor cord blood transplantation for children with severe sickle cell disease: Results of one cohort from the Phase II study from the Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network (BMT CTN)
    • Kamani NR, Walters MC, Carter S et al. Unrelated donor cord blood transplantation for children with severe sickle cell disease: results of one cohort from the Phase II study from the Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network (BMT CTN). Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 18(8), 1265-1272 (2012).
    • (2012) Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. , vol.18 , Issue.8 , pp. 1265-1272
    • Kamani, N.R.1    Walters, M.C.2    Carter, S.3
  • 131
    • 2442420923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Successful treatment of refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia with monthly rituximab following nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation for sickle cell disease
    • Raj A, Bertolone S, Cheerva A. Successful treatment of refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia with monthly rituximab following nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation for sickle cell disease. J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. 26 (5), 312-314 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. , vol.26 , Issue.5 , pp. 312-314
    • Raj, A.1    Bertolone, S.2    Cheerva, A.3
  • 132
    • 55549090680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced intensity HLA-haploidentical BMT with post transplantation cyclophosphamide in nonmalignant hematologic diseases
    • Brodsky RA, Luznik L, Bolaños-Meade J, Leffell MS, Jones RJ, Fuchs EJ. Reduced intensity HLA-haploidentical BMT with post transplantation cyclophosphamide in nonmalignant hematologic diseases. Bone Marrow Transplant. 42(8), 523-527 (2008).
    • (2008) Bone Marrow Transplant. , vol.42 , Issue.8 , pp. 523-527
    • Brodsky, R.A.1    Luznik, L.2    Bolaños-Meade, J.3    Leffell, M.S.4    Jones, R.J.5    Fuchs, E.J.6
  • 133
    • 84869813639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HLA-haploidentical bone marrow transplantation with posttransplant cyclophosphamide expands the donor pool for patients with sickle cell disease
    • Bolaños-Meade J, Fuchs EJ, Luznik L et al. HLA-haploidentical bone marrow transplantation with posttransplant cyclophosphamide expands the donor pool for patients with sickle cell disease. Blood 120(22), 4285-4291 (2012).
    • (2012) Blood , vol.120 , Issue.22 , pp. 4285-4291
    • Bolaños-Meade, J.1    Fuchs, E.J.2    Luznik, L.3
  • 134
    • 24944476691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sildenafl therapy in patients with sickle cell disease and pulmonary hypertension
    • Machado RF, Martyr S, Kato GJ et al. Sildenafl therapy in patients with sickle cell disease and pulmonary hypertension. Br. J. Haematol. 130(3), 445-453 (2005).
    • (2005) Br. J. Haematol. , vol.130 , Issue.3 , pp. 445-453
    • MacHado, R.F.1    Martyr, S.2    Kato, G.J.3
  • 135
    • 79961004549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hospitalization for pain in patients with sickle cell disease treated with sildenafl for elevated TRV and low exercise capacity
    • Machado RF, Barst RJ, Yovetich NA et al.; Walk-PHaSST Investigators and Patients. Hospitalization for pain in patients with sickle cell disease treated with sildenafl for elevated TRV and low exercise capacity. Blood 118(4), 855-864 (2011).
    • (2011) Blood , vol.118 , Issue.4 , pp. 855-864
    • MacHado, R.F.1    Barst, R.J.2    Yovetich, N.A.3
  • 136
    • 49849101277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arginine therapy of transgenic-knock-out sickle mice improves microvascular function by reducing non-nitric oxide vasodilators, hemolysis, and oxidative stress
    • Kaul DK, Zhang X, Dasgupta T, Fabry ME. Arginine therapy of transgenic-knock-out sickle mice improves microvascular function by reducing non-nitric oxide vasodilators, hemolysis, and oxidative stress. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 295(1), H39-H47 (2008).
    • (2008) Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. , vol.295 , Issue.1
    • Kaul, D.K.1    Zhang, X.2    Dasgupta, T.3    Fabry, M.E.4
  • 137
    • 0034533319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arginine therapy: A novel strategy to induce nitric oxide production in sickle cell disease
    • Morris CR, Kuypers FA, Larkin S et al. Arginine therapy: a novel strategy to induce nitric oxide production in sickle cell disease. Br. J. Haematol. 111 (2), 498-500 (2000).
    • (2000) Br. J. Haematol. , vol.111 , Issue.2 , pp. 498-500
    • Morris, C.R.1    Kuypers, F.A.2    Larkin, S.3
  • 138
    • 67651159347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel small molecule therapeutics for sickle cell disease: Nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, nitrite, and apolipoprotein A-I
    • Kato GJ. Novel small molecule therapeutics for sickle cell disease: nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, nitrite, and apolipoprotein A-I. Hematology Am. Soc. Hematol. Educ. Program 186-192 (2008).
    • (2008) Hematology Am. Soc. Hematol. Educ. Program , pp. 186-192
    • Kato, G.J.1
  • 139
    • 79955715758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot study of the short-term use of simvastatin in sickle cell disease: Effects on markers of vascular dysfunction
    • Hoppe C, Kuypers F, Larkin S, Hagar W, Vichinsky E, Styles L. A pilot study of the short-term use of simvastatin in sickle cell disease: effects on markers of vascular dysfunction. Br. J. Haematol. 153 (5), 655-663 (2011).
    • (2011) Br. J. Haematol. , vol.153 , Issue.5 , pp. 655-663
    • Hoppe, C.1    Kuypers, F.2    Larkin, S.3    Hagar, W.4    Vichinsky, E.5    Styles, L.6
  • 140
    • 79952594455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvements in haemolysis and indicators of erythrocyte survival do not correlate with acute vaso-occlusive crises in patients with sickle cell disease: A Phase III randomized, placebo-controlled, doubleblind study of the Gardos channel blocker senicapoc (ICA-17043)
    • Ataga KI, Reid M, Ballas SK et al.; ICA-17043-10 Study Investigators. Improvements in haemolysis and indicators of erythrocyte survival do not correlate with acute vaso-occlusive crises in patients with sickle cell disease: a Phase III randomized, placebo-controlled, doubleblind study of the Gardos channel blocker senicapoc (ICA-17043). Br. J. Haematol. 153(1), 92-104 (2011).
    • (2011) Br. J. Haematol. , vol.153 , Issue.1 , pp. 92-104
    • Ataga, K.I.1    Reid, M.2    Ballas, S.K.3
  • 141
    • 0032474692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of a frst stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography
    • Adams RJ, McKie VC, Hsu L et al. Prevention of a frst stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. N. Engl. J. Med. 339(1), 5-11 (1998).
    • (1998) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.339 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-11
    • Adams, R.J.1    McKie, V.C.2    Hsu, L.3
  • 142
    • 2342575535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke and conversion to high risk in children screened with transcranial Doppler ultrasound during the STOP study
    • Adams RJ, Brambilla DJ, Granger S et al.; STOP Study. Stroke and conversion to high risk in children screened with transcranial Doppler ultrasound during the STOP study. Blood 103(10), 3689-3694 (2004).
    • (2004) Blood , vol.103 , Issue.10 , pp. 3689-3694
    • Adams, R.J.1    Brambilla, D.J.2    Granger, S.3
  • 143
    • 0034815679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke prevention in sickle cell disease (STOP) study guidelines for transcranial Doppler testing
    • Nichols FT, Jones AM, Adams RJ. Stroke prevention in sickle cell disease (STOP) study guidelines for transcranial Doppler testing. J. Neuroimaging 11(4), 354-362 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Neuroimaging , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 354-362
    • Nichols, F.T.1    Jones, A.M.2    Adams, R.J.3
  • 144
    • 74849089362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial doppler ultrasonography (TCD) in infants with sickle cell anemia: Baseline data from the BABY HUG trial
    • Pavlakis SG, Rees RC, Huang X et al.; BABY HUG Investigators. Transcranial doppler ultrasonography (TCD) in infants with sickle cell anemia: baseline data from the BABY HUG trial. Pediatr. Blood Cancer 54(2), 256-259 (2010).
    • (2010) Pediatr. Blood Cancer , vol.54 , Issue.2 , pp. 256-259
    • Pavlakis, S.G.1    Rees, R.C.2    Huang, X.3
  • 145
    • 79955909191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxycarbamide in very young children with sickle-cell anaemia: A multicentre, randomised, controlled trial (BABY HUG)
    • Wang WC, Ware RE, Miller ST et al.; BABY HUG Investigators. Hydroxycarbamide in very young children with sickle-cell anaemia: a multicentre, randomised, controlled trial (BABY HUG). Lancet 377(9778), 1663-1672 (2011).
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.377 , Issue.9778 , pp. 1663-1672
    • Wang, W.C.1    Ware, R.E.2    Miller, S.T.3
  • 146
    • 84864942605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infuence of severity of anemia on clinical fndings in infants with sickle cell anemia: Analyses from the BABY HUG study
    • Lebensburger JD, Miller ST, Howard TH et al.; BABY HUG Investigators. Infuence of severity of anemia on clinical fndings in infants with sickle cell anemia: analyses from the BABY HUG study. Pediatr. Blood Cancer 59(4), 675-678 (2012).
    • (2012) Pediatr. Blood Cancer , vol.59 , Issue.4 , pp. 675-678
    • Lebensburger, J.D.1    Miller, S.T.2    Howard, T.H.3
  • 147
    • 3142590376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Declining stroke rates in Californian children with sickle cell disease
    • Fullerton HJ, Adams RJ, Zhao S, Johnston SC. Declining stroke rates in Californian children with sickle cell disease. Blood 104(2), 336-339 (2004).
    • (2004) Blood , vol.104 , Issue.2 , pp. 336-339
    • Fullerton, H.J.1    Adams, R.J.2    Zhao, S.3    Johnston, S.C.4
  • 148
    • 40449092927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a comprehensive transcranial doppler screening program for children with sickle cell anemia
    • McCarville MB, Goodin GS, Fortner G et al. Evaluation of a comprehensive transcranial doppler screening program for children with sickle cell anemia. Pediatr. Blood Cancer 50(4), 818-821 (2008).
    • (2008) Pediatr. Blood Cancer , vol.50 , Issue.4 , pp. 818-821
    • McCarville, M.B.1    Goodin, G.S.2    Fortner, G.3
  • 149
    • 77955985356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography and prophylactic transfusion program is effective in preventing overt stroke in children with sickle cell disease
    • Enninful-Eghan H, Moore RH, Ichord R, Smith-Whitley K, Kwiatkowski JL. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography and prophylactic transfusion program is effective in preventing overt stroke in children with sickle cell disease. J. Pediatr. 157(3), 479-484 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Pediatr. , vol.157 , Issue.3 , pp. 479-484
    • Enninful-Eghan, H.1    Moore, R.H.2    Ichord, R.3    Smith-Whitley, K.4    Kwiatkowski, J.L.5
  • 150
    • 84876444384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylactic penicillin after 5 years of age in patients with sickle cell disease: A survey of sickle cell disease experts
    • McCavit TL, Gilbert M, Buchanan GR. Prophylactic penicillin after 5 years of age in patients with sickle cell disease: A survey of sickle cell disease experts. Pediatr. Blood Cancer 60(6), 935-939 (2012).
    • (2012) Pediatr. Blood Cancer , vol.60 , Issue.6 , pp. 935-939
    • McCavit, T.L.1    Gilbert, M.2    Buchanan, G.R.3
  • 151
    • 0034111732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A guide to the identifcation of major cerebral arteries with transcranial color Doppler sonography
    • Krejza J, Mariak Z, Melhem ER, Bert RJ. A guide to the identifcation of major cerebral arteries with transcranial color Doppler sonography. AJR. Am. J. Roentgenol. 174(5), 1297-1303 (2000).
    • (2000) AJR. Am. J. Roentgenol. , vol.174 , Issue.5 , pp. 1297-1303
    • Krejza, J.1    Mariak, Z.2    Melhem, E.R.3    Bert, R.J.4
  • 153
    • 15844424147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screening children for sickle cell vasculopathy: Guidelines for transcranial Doppler evaluation
    • Bulas D. Screening children for sickle cell vasculopathy: guidelines for transcranial Doppler evaluation. Pediatr. Radiol. 35 (3), 235-241 (2005).
    • (2005) Pediatr. Radiol. , vol.35 , Issue.3 , pp. 235-241
    • Bulas, D.1
  • 154
    • 0036185982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screening for stroke in sickle cell anemia: Comparison of transcranial Doppler imaging and nonimaging US techniques
    • Neish AS, Blews DE, Simms CA, Merritt RK, Spinks AJ. Screening for stroke in sickle cell anemia: comparison of transcranial Doppler imaging and nonimaging US techniques. Radiology 222(3), 709-714 (2002).
    • (2002) Radiology , vol.222 , Issue.3 , pp. 709-714
    • Neish, A.S.1    Blews, D.E.2    Simms, C.A.3    Merritt, R.K.4    Spinks, A.J.5
  • 155
    • 0035059488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementation of the STOP protocol for stroke prevention in sickle cell anemia by using duplex power Doppler imaging
    • Malouf AJ Jr, Hamrick-Turner JE, Doherty MC, Dhillon GS, Iyer RV, Smith MG. Implementation of the STOP protocol for stroke prevention in sickle cell anemia by using duplex power Doppler imaging. Radiology 219 (2), 359-365 (2001).
    • (2001) Radiology , vol.219 , Issue.2 , pp. 359-365
    • Malouf, Jr.A.J.1    Hamrick-Turner, J.E.2    Doherty, M.C.3    Dhillon, G.S.4    Iyer, R.V.5    Smith, M.G.6
  • 156
    • 0034957495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of transcranial color Doppler imaging (TCDI) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) in children with sickle-cell anemia
    • Jones AM, Seibert JJ, Nichols FT et al. Comparison of transcranial color Doppler imaging (TCDI) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) in children with sickle-cell anemia. Pediatr. Radiol. 31(7), 461-469 (2001).
    • (2001) Pediatr. Radiol. , vol.31 , Issue.7 , pp. 461-469
    • Jones, A.M.1    Seibert, J.J.2    Nichols, F.T.3
  • 157
    • 20044384304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can peak systolic velocities be used for prediction of stroke in sickle cell anemia?
    • Jones A, Granger S, Brambilla D et al. Can peak systolic velocities be used for prediction of stroke in sickle cell anemia? Pediatr. Radiol. 35(1), 66-72 (2005).
    • (2005) Pediatr. Radiol. , vol.35 , Issue.1 , pp. 66-72
    • Jones, A.1    Granger, S.2    Brambilla, D.3
  • 158
    • 15844371173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI/MRA evaluation of sickle cell disease of the brain
    • Zimmerman RA. MRI/MRA evaluation of sickle cell disease of the brain. Pediatr. Radiol. 35(3), 249-257 (2005).
    • (2005) Pediatr. Radiol. , vol.35 , Issue.3 , pp. 249-257
    • Zimmerman, R.A.1
  • 159
    • 0029900403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of magnetic resonance angiography and conventional angiography in sickle cell disease: Clinical signifcance and reliability
    • Kandeel AY, Zimmerman RA, Ohene-Frempong K. Comparison of magnetic resonance angiography and conventional angiography in sickle cell disease: clinical signifcance and reliability. Neuroradiology 38(5), 409-416 (1996).
    • (1996) Neuroradiology , vol.38 , Issue.5 , pp. 409-416
    • Kandeel, A.Y.1    Zimmerman, R.A.2    Ohene-Frempong, K.3
  • 160
    • 35448964329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional cerebral blood fow in patients with sickle cell disease: Study with single photon emission computed tomography
    • Al-Kandari FA, Owunwanne A, Syed GM et al. Regional cerebral blood fow in patients with sickle cell disease: study with single photon emission computed tomography. Ann. Nucl. Med. 21(8), 439-445 (2007).
    • (2007) Ann. Nucl. Med. , vol.21 , Issue.8 , pp. 439-445
    • Al-Kandari, F.A.1    Owunwanne, A.2    Syed, G.M.3
  • 161
    • 84879346285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging brain oxygenation with MRI using blood oxygenation approaches: Methods, validation, and clinical applications
    • Christen T, Bolar DS, Zaharchuk G. Imaging brain oxygenation with MRI using blood oxygenation approaches: methods, validation, and clinical applications. AJNR. Am. J. Neuroradiol. (2012).
    • (2012) AJNR. Am. J. Neuroradiol.
    • Christen, T.1    Bolar, D.S.2    Zaharchuk, G.3
  • 162
    • 29544444495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimizing Primary Stroke Prevention in Sickle Cell Anemia (STOP 2) Trial Investigators. Discontinuing prophylactic transfusions used to prevent stroke in sickle cell disease
    • Adams RJ, Brambilla D; Optimizing Primary Stroke Prevention in Sickle Cell Anemia (STOP 2) Trial Investigators. Discontinuing prophylactic transfusions used to prevent stroke in sickle cell disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 353(26), 2769-2778 (2005).
    • (2005) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.353 , Issue.26 , pp. 2769-2778
    • Adams, R.J.1    Brambilla, D.2
  • 163
    • 20144386780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxyurea for sickle cell disease in children and for prevention of cerebrovas-cular events: The Belgian experience
    • Gulbis B, Haberman D, Dufour D et al. Hydroxyurea for sickle cell disease in children and for prevention of cerebrovas-cular events: the Belgian experience. Blood 105(7), 2685-2690 (2005).
    • (2005) Blood , vol.105 , Issue.7 , pp. 2685-2690
    • Gulbis, B.1    Haberman, D.2    Dufour, D.3
  • 165
    • 34547961356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxyurea therapy lowers transcranial Doppler fow velocities in children with sickle cell anemia
    • Zimmerman SA, Schultz WH, Burgett S, Mortier NA, Ware RE. Hydroxyurea therapy lowers transcranial Doppler fow velocities in children with sickle cell anemia. Blood 110(3), 1043-1047 (2007).
    • (2007) Blood , vol.110 , Issue.3 , pp. 1043-1047
    • Zimmerman, S.A.1    Schultz, W.H.2    Burgett, S.3    Mortier, N.A.4    Ware, R.E.5
  • 166
    • 66449103072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complications associated with sickle cell trait: A brief narrative review
    • Tsaras G, Owusu-Ansah A, Boateng FO, Amoateng-Adjepong Y. Complications associated with sickle cell trait: a brief narrative review. Am. J. Med. 122(6), 507-512 (2009).
    • (2009) Am. J. Med. , vol.122 , Issue.6 , pp. 507-512
    • Tsaras, G.1    Owusu-Ansah, A.2    Boateng, F.O.3    Amoateng-Adjepong, Y.4
  • 167
    • 0038037816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective brain imaging evaluation of children with sickle cell trait: Initial observations
    • Steen RG, Hankins GM, Xiong X et al. Prospective brain imaging evaluation of children with sickle cell trait: initial observations. Radiology 228(1), 208-215 (2003).
    • (2003) Radiology , vol.228 , Issue.1 , pp. 208-215
    • Steen, R.G.1    Hankins, G.M.2    Xiong, X.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.