Comparative effects of single-mode vs. duration-matched concurrent exercise training on body composition, low-grade inflammation, and glucose regulation in sedentary, overweight, middle-aged men

Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism

Volumn 38, Issue 7, 2013, Pages 779-788

  Donges, Cheyne E ^a   Duffield, Rob ^a   Guelfi, Kym J ^b   Smith, Greg C ^c   Adams, David R ^a   Edge, Johann A ^c  

^a CHARLES STURT UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Combined exercise; GLUT4; Interleukin; Oral glucose tolerance; PGC1 ; Visceral obesity

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; GLUCOSE;

BODY COMPOSITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; EXERCISE; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; INSULIN RESISTANCE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OBESITY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL;

BODY COMPOSITION; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; EXERCISE; GLUCOSE; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; INSULIN RESISTANCE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OVERWEIGHT;

EID: 84879342945     PISSN: 17155312     EISSN: 17155320     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2012-0443     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Alberti, K.G., Zimmet, P., and Shaw, J. 2005. The metabolic syndrome-a new worldwide definition. Lancet, 366(9491): 1059-1062. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67402-8. PMID:16182882.
2. Arany, Z., Lebrasseur, N., Morris, C., Smith, E., Yang, W., Ma, Y., et al. 2007. The transcriptional coactivator PGC-1 _drives the formation of oxidative type IIX fibers in skeletal muscle. Cell Metab. 5(1): 35-46. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2006.12. 003. PMID:17189205.
3. Balducci, S., Zanuso, S., Nicolucci, A., Fernando, F., Cavallo, S., Cardelli, P., et al. 2010. Anti-inflammatory effect of exercise training in subjects with type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome is dependent on exercise modalities and independent of weight loss. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 20(8): 608-617. doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2009.04.015. PMID:19695853.
4. Beauregard, C., Utz, A.L., Schaub, A.E., Nachtigall, L., Biller, B.M.K., Miller, K.K., et al. 2008. Growth hormone decreases visceral fat and improves cardiovascular risk markers in women with hypopituitarism: a randomized, placebocontrolled study. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 93(6): 2063-2071. doi:10.1210/jc. 2007-2371. PMID:18381581.
5. Benton, C.R., Wright, D.C., and Bonen, A. 2008. PGC-1_-mediated regulation of gene expression and metabolism: implications for nutrition and exercise prescriptions. Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. 33(5): 843-862. doi:10.1139/H08-074. PMID:18923559.
6. Berg, A.H., and Scherer, P.E. 2005. Adipose tissue, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. Circ. Res. 96(9): 939-949. doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000163635.62927.34. PMID:15890981.
7. Chen, Q., Gong, B., and Almasan, A. 2000. Distinct stages of cytochrome c release from mitochondria: evidence for a feedback amplification loop linking caspase activation to mitochondrial dysfunction in genotoxic stress induced apoptosis. Cell Death Differ. 7(2): 227-233. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4400629. PMID: 10713737.
8. Couillard, C., Bergeron, N., Prud'homme, D., Bergeron, J., Tremblay, A., Bouchard, C., et al. 1999. Gender difference in postprandial lipemia: importance of visceral adipose tissue accumulation. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 19(10): 2448-2455. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.19.10.2448. PMID:10521375.
9. Donges, C.E., Duffield, R., and Drinkwater, E.J. 2010. Effects of resistance or aerobic exercise training on interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and body composition. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 42(2): 304-313. doi:10.1249/MSS. 0b013e3181b117ca. PMID:20083961.
10. Donges, C.E., Burd, N.A., Duffield, R., Smith, G.C., West, D.W.D., Short, M.J., et al. 2012. Concurrent resistance and aerobic exercise stimulates both myofibrillar and mitochondrial protein synthesis in sedentary middle-aged men. J. Appl. Physiol. 112(12): 1992-2001. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00166.2012. PMID:22492939.
11. Donnelly, J.E., Smith, B., Jacobsen, D.J., Kirk, E., Dubose, K., Hyder, M., et al. 2004. The role of exercise for weight loss and maintenance. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol. 18(6): 1009-1029. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2004.06.022. PMID: 15561636.
12. Donnelly, J.E., Blair, S.N., Jakacic, J.M., Manore, M.M., Rankin, J.W., and Smith, B.K. 2009. Appropriate physical activity intervention strategies for weight loss and prevention of weight regain for adults. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 41(2): 459-471. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181949333. PMID:19127177.
13. Drummond, M.J., Dreyer, H.C., Pennings, B., Fry, C.S., Dhanani, S., Dillon, E.L., et al. 2008. Skeletal muscle protein anabolic response to resistance exercise and essential amino acids is delayed with aging. J. Appl. Physiol. 104(5): 1452-1461. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00021.2008. PMID:18323467.
14. Evans, W.J. 2010. Skeletal muscle loss: cachexia, sarcopenia, and inactivity. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 91(4): 1123S-1127S. doi:10.3945/ajcn.2010.28608A. PMID: 20164314.
15. Febbraio, M., Rose-John, S., and Pedersen, B. 2010. Is interleukin-6 receptor blockade the Holy Grail for inflammatory diseases? Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 87(4): 396-398. doi:10.1038/clpt.2010.1. PMID:20305672.
16. Fried, S.K., Bunkin, D.A., and Greenberg, A.S. 1998. Omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese subjects release interleukin-6: depot difference and regulation by glucocorticoid. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83(3): 847-850. doi: 10.1210/jc.83.3.847. PMID:9506738.
17. Gaesser, G.A., and Brooks, G.A. 1984. Metabolic bases of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption: a review. Med Sci. Sports Exerc. 16(1): 29-43. doi:10. 1249/00005768-198401000-00008. PMID:6369064.
18. Glowacki, S.P., Martin, S.E., Maurer, A., Baek, W., Green, J.S., and Crouse, S.F. 2004. Effects of resistance, endurance, and concurrent exercise on training outcomes in men. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 36(12): 2119-2127. PMID:15570149.
19. Goodyear, L.J., and Kahn, B.B. 1998. Exercise, glucose transport, and insulin sensitivity. Annu. Rev. Med. 49(1): 235-261. doi:10.1146/annurev.med.49.1.235. PMID:9509261.
20. Griewe, J.S., Cheng, B., Rubin, D.C., Yarasheski, K.E., and Semenkovich, C.F. 2001. Resistance exercise decreases skeletal muscle tumor necrosis factor _in frail elderly humans. FASEB J. 15(2): 475-482. doi:10.1096/fj.00-0274com. PMID:11156963.
21. Haskell, W.L., Lee, I., Pate, R.R., Powell, K.E., Blair, S.N., Franklin, B.A., et al. 2007. Physical activity and public health: updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 39(8): 1423-1434. doi:10.1249/mss. 0b013e3180616b27. PMID:17762377.
22. Hawley, J.A., and Lessard, S. 2008. Exercise training-induced improvements in insulin action. Acta Physiol. 192(1): 127-135. doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.2007. 01783.x. PMID:18171435.
23. Inbar, O., Oren, A., Scheinowitz, M., Rotstein, A., Dlin, R., and Casaburi, R. 1994. Normal cardiopulmonary responses during incremental exercise in 20-to 70-yr-old men. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 26(5): 538-546. doi:10.1249/00005768-199405000-00003. PMID:8007799.
24. Ismail, I., Keating, S., Baker, M., and Johnson, N. 2011. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of aerobic vs. resistance exercise training on visceral fat. Obes. Rev. 13(1): 68-91. doi:10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00931.x. PMID: 21951360.
25. Johnson, N.A., Sachinwalla, T., Walton, D.W., Smith, K., Armstrong, A., Thompson, M.W., et al. 2009. Aerobic exercise training reduces hepatic and visceral lipids in obese individuals without weight loss. Hepatology, 50(4): 1105-1112. doi:10.1002/hep.23129. PMID:19637289.
26. Keller, P., Penkowa, M., Keller, C., Steensberg, A., Fischer, C.P., Giralt, M., et al. 2005. Interleukin-6 receptor expression in contracting human skeletal muscle: regulating role of IL-6. FASEB J. 19(9): 1181-1183. PMID:15837717.
27. Kramer, H.F., and Goodyear, L.J. 2007. Exercise, MAPK, and NF-_B signaling in skeletal muscle. J. Appl. Physiol. 103(1): 388-395. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol. 00085.2007. PMID:17303713.
28. Lagouge, M., Argmann, C., Gerhart-Hines, Z., Meziane, H., Lerin, C., Daussin, F., et al. 2006. Resveratrol improves mitochondrial function and protects against metabolic disease by activating SIRT1 and PGC-1 _. Cell, 127(6): 1109-1122. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.11.013. PMID:17112576.
29. Lakka, T.A., Lakka, H.M., Rankinen, T., Leon, A.S., Rao, D., Skinner, J.S., et al. 2005. Effect of exercise training on plasma levels of C-reactive protein in healthy adults: the HERITAGE Family Study. Eur. Heart J. 26(19): 2018-2025. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehi394. PMID:15987707.
30. Lavie, C.J., Church, T.S., Milani, R.V., and Earnest, C.P. 2011. Impact of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and exercise training on markers of inflammation. J. Cardiopul. Rehab. Prev. 31(3): 137-145. doi:10.1097/HCR. 0b013e3182122827. PMID:21427600.
31. Le Floch, J.P., Escuyer, P., Baudin, E., Baudon, D., and Perlemuter, L. 1990. Blood glucose area under the curve: methodological aspects. Diabetes Care, 13(2): 172-175. doi:10.2337/diacare.13.2.172. PMID:2351014.
32. Libardi, C.A., De Souza, G.V., Cavaglieri, C.R., Madruga, V.A., and Chacon-Mikahil, M.P.T. 2012. Effect of Resistance, Endurance, and Concurrent Training on TNF-_, IL-6, and CRP. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 44(1): 50-56. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318229d2e9. PMID:21697747.
33. Matsuda, M., and DeFronzo, R.A. 1999. Insulin sensitivity indices obtained from oral glucose tolerance testing: comparison with the euglycemic insulin clamp. Diabetes Care, 22(9): 1462-1470. doi:10.2337/diacare.22.9.1462. PMID: 10480510.
34. Mohamed-Ali, V., Goodrick, S., Rawesh, A., Katz, D., Miles, J., Yudkin, J., et al. 1997. Subcutaneous adipose tissue releases interleukin-6, but not tumor necrosis factor-_, in vivo. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82(12): 4196-4200. doi:10. 1210/jc.82.12.4196. PMID:9398739.
35. Nicklas, B.J., and Brinkley, T.E. 2009. Exercise training as a treatment for chronic inflammation in the elderly. Exerc. Sports Sci. Rev. 37(4): 165-170. PMID: 19955865.
36. Ostrowski, K., Rohde, T., Asp, S., Schjerling, P., and Pedersen, B.K. 1999. Proand anti-inflammatory cytokine balance in strenuous exercise in humans. J. Physiol. 515(1): 287-291. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.1999.287ad.x. PMID:9925898.
37. Pai, J.K., Pischon, T., Ma, J., Manson, J.A.E., Hankinson, S.E., Joshipura, K., et al. 2004. Inflammatory markers and the risk of coronary heart disease in men and women. N. Eng. J. Med. 351(25): 2599-2610. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa040967. PMID:15602020.
38. Parr, E.B., Coffey, V.G., and Hawley, J.A. 2012. 'Sarcobesity': A metabolic conundrum. Maturitas, 74(2): 109-113. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2012.10.014. PMID: 23201324.
39. Pfaffl, M.W., Horgan, G.W., and Dempfle, L. 2002. Relative expression software tool (REST©) for group-wise comparison and statistical analysis of relative expression results in real-time PCR. Nucleic Acids Res. 30(9): e36-e36. doi:10. 1093/nar/30.9.e36. PMID:11972351.
40. Pradhan, A.D., Manson, J.A.E., Rifai, N., Buring, J.E., and Ridker, P.M. 2001. C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. JAMA, 286(3): 327-334. doi:10.1001/jama.286.3.327. PMID:11466099.
41. Rice, B., Janssen, I., Hudson, R., and Ross, R. 1999. Effects of aerobic or resistance exercise and/or diet on glucose tolerance and plasma insulin levels in obese men. Diabetes Care, 22(5): 684-691. doi:10.2337/diacare.22.5.684. PMID: 10332666.
42. Ridker, P.M., Hennekens, C.H., Buring, J.E., and Rifai, N. 2000. C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women. N. Eng. J. Med. 342(12): 836-843. doi:10.1056/ NEJM200003233421202. PMID:10733371.
43. Ross, R., Hudson, R., Day, A.G., and Lam, M. 2012. Dose-response effects of exercise on abdominal obesity and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adults: Study rationale, design and methods. Contemp. Clin. Trials, 34(1): 155-160. doi:10.1016/j.cct.2012.10.010. PMID:23123790.
44. Sakamoto, M., Higaki, Y., Nishida, Y., Kiyonaga, A., Shindo, M., Tokuyama, K., et al. 1999. Influence of mild exercise at the lactate threshold on glucose effectiveness. J. Appl. Physiol. 87(6): 2305-2310. PMID:10601182.
45. Sigal, R.J., Kenny, G.P., Boulé, N.G., Wells, G.A., Prud'homme, D., Fortier, M., et al. 2007. Effects of aerobic training, resistance training, or both on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. Ann. Intern. Med. 147(6): 357-369. PMID: 17876019.
46. Sillanpää, E., Häkkinen, A., Punnonen, K., Häkkinen, K., and Laaksonen, D. 2009. Effects of strength and endurance training on metabolic risk factors in healthy 40-65-year-old men. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports, 19(6): 885-895. doi:10. 1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00849.x. PMID:19508653.
47. Slentz, C.A., Aiken, L.B., Houmard, J.A., Bales, C.W., Johnson, J.L., Tanner, C.J., et al. 2005. Inactivity, exercise, and visceral fat. STRRIDE: a randomized, controlled study of exercise intensity and amount. J. Appl. Physiol. 99(4): 1613-1618. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00124.2005. PMID:16002776.
48. Slentz, C.A., Bateman, L.A., Willis, L.H., Shields, A.T., Tanner, C.J., Piner, L.W., et al. 2011. Effects of aerobic vs. resistance training on visceral and liver fat stores, liver enzymes, and insulin resistance by HOMA in overweight adults from STRRIDE AT/RT. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 301(5): E1033-E1039. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00291.2011. PMID:21846904.
49. Smutok, M., Reece, C., Kokkinos, P., Farmer, C., Dawson, P., DeVane, J., et al. 1994. Effects of exercise training modality on glucose tolerance in men with abnormal glucose regulation. Int. J. Sports Med. 15(6): 283-289. doi:10.1055/ s-2007-1021061. PMID:7822064.
50. Snowling, N.J., and Hopkins, W.G. 2006. Effects of different modes of exercise training on glucose control and risk factors for complications in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care, 29(11): 2518-2527. doi:10.2337/dc06-1317. PMID:17065697.
51. Steensberg, A., Fischer, C.P., Keller, C., Møller, K., and Pedersen, B.K. 2003. IL-6 enhances plasma IL-1ra, IL-10, and cortisol in humans. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 285(2): E433-E437. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00074.2003. PMID: 12857678.
52. Tarnopolsky, M.A., Rennie, C.D., Robertshaw, H.A., Fedak-Tarnopolsky, S.N., Devries, M.C., and Hamadeh, M.J. 2007. Influence of endurance exercise training and sex on intramyocellular lipid and mitochondrial ultrastructure, substrate use, and mitochondrial enzyme activity. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 292(3): R1271-R1278. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00472.2006. PMID:17095651.
53. Willis, L.H., Slentz, C.A., Bateman, L.A., Shields, A.T., Piner, L.W., Bales, C.W., et al. 2012. Effects of Aerobic and/or Resistance Training on Body Mass and Fat Mass in Overweight or Obese Adults. J. Appl. Physiol. 13(12): 1831-1837. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01370.2011. PMID:23019316.
54. Wright, D.C., Han, D.H., Garcia-Roves, P.M., Geiger, P.C., Jones, T.E., and Holloszy, J.O. 2007. Exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis begins before the increase in muscle PGC-1_expression. J. Biol. Chem. 282(1): 194-199. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M606116200. PMID:17099248.
55. Yudkin, J.S., Stehouwer, C., Emeis, J., and Coppack, S. 1999. C-reactive protein in healthy subjects: associations with obesity, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction: a potential role for cytokines originating from adipose tissue? Arterioscler. Throm. Vasc. Biol. 19(4): 972-978. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.19.4. 972. PMID:10195925.