메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 127, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 435-441

Smoking and vascular risk: Are all forms of smoking harmful to all types of vascular disease?

Author keywords

Abdominal aortic aneurysms; Cardiovascular disease; Carotid arterial disease; Peripheral arterial disease; Smoking

Indexed keywords

CANNABINOID DERIVATIVE; CANNABIS; NICOTINE; RIMONABANT;

EID: 84878398250     PISSN: 00333506     EISSN: 14765616     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2012.12.021     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (56)

References (105)
  • 1
    • 78650883784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiological impact of cigarette smoke exposure on the cerebrovascular system with a focus on the blood-brain barrier: expanding the awareness of smoking toxicity in an underappreciated area
    • Mazzone P., Tierney W., Hossain M., Puvenna V., Janigro D., Cucullo L. Pathophysiological impact of cigarette smoke exposure on the cerebrovascular system with a focus on the blood-brain barrier: expanding the awareness of smoking toxicity in an underappreciated area. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2010, 7:4111-4126.
    • (2010) Int J Environ Res Public Health , vol.7 , pp. 4111-4126
    • Mazzone, P.1    Tierney, W.2    Hossain, M.3    Puvenna, V.4    Janigro, D.5    Cucullo, L.6
  • 2
    • 61949338655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking: health effects and control strategies
    • Alberg A.J. Cigarette smoking: health effects and control strategies. Drugs Today (Barc) 2008, 44:895-904.
    • (2008) Drugs Today (Barc) , vol.44 , pp. 895-904
    • Alberg, A.J.1
  • 3
    • 79551670969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactive effect of combined exposure to active and passive smoking on cardiovascular system
    • Leone A. Interactive effect of combined exposure to active and passive smoking on cardiovascular system. Recent Pat Cardiovasc Drug Discov 2011, 6:61-69.
    • (2011) Recent Pat Cardiovasc Drug Discov , vol.6 , pp. 61-69
    • Leone, A.1
  • 5
    • 79151479184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Worldwide burden of disease from exposure to second-hand smoke: a retrospective analysis of data from 192 countries
    • Oberg M., Jaakkola M.S., Woodward A., Peruga A., Prüss-Ustün A. Worldwide burden of disease from exposure to second-hand smoke: a retrospective analysis of data from 192 countries. Lancet 2011, 377:139-146.
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.377 , pp. 139-146
    • Oberg, M.1    Jaakkola, M.S.2    Woodward, A.3    Peruga, A.4    Prüss-Ustün, A.5
  • 6
    • 80054771978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Passive smoking: the democratic right of nonsmokers to survive
    • Katsiki N., Hatzitolios A.I., Mikhailidis D.P. Passive smoking: the democratic right of nonsmokers to survive. Angiology 2011, 62(7):520-522.
    • (2011) Angiology , vol.62 , Issue.7 , pp. 520-522
    • Katsiki, N.1    Hatzitolios, A.I.2    Mikhailidis, D.P.3
  • 7
    • 74849118823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The causal relationship between passive smoking and inflammation on the development of cardiovascular disease: a review of the evidence
    • Vardavas C.I., Panagiotakos D.B. The causal relationship between passive smoking and inflammation on the development of cardiovascular disease: a review of the evidence. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets 2009, 8:328-333.
    • (2009) Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets , vol.8 , pp. 328-333
    • Vardavas, C.I.1    Panagiotakos, D.B.2
  • 8
    • 79955938868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Approach to smoking cessation in the patient with vascular disease
    • Ratchford E.V., Black J.H. Approach to smoking cessation in the patient with vascular disease. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med 2011, 13:91-102.
    • (2011) Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med , vol.13 , pp. 91-102
    • Ratchford, E.V.1    Black, J.H.2
  • 9
    • 70349859637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse health effects of non-medical cannabis use
    • Hall W., Degenhardt L. Adverse health effects of non-medical cannabis use. Lancet 2009, 374:1383-1391.
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.374 , pp. 1383-1391
    • Hall, W.1    Degenhardt, L.2
  • 10
    • 39149107775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An exploratory prospective study of marijuana use and mortality following acute myocardial infarction
    • Mukamal K.J., Maclure M., Muller J.E., Mittleman M.A. An exploratory prospective study of marijuana use and mortality following acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 2008, 155:465-470.
    • (2008) Am Heart J , vol.155 , pp. 465-470
    • Mukamal, K.J.1    Maclure, M.2    Muller, J.E.3    Mittleman, M.A.4
  • 12
    • 79952070432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public health importance of triggers of myocardial infarction: a comparative risk assessment
    • Nawrot T.S., Perez L., Künzli N., Munters E., Nemery B. Public health importance of triggers of myocardial infarction: a comparative risk assessment. Lancet 2011, 377:732-740.
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.377 , pp. 732-740
    • Nawrot, T.S.1    Perez, L.2    Künzli, N.3    Munters, E.4    Nemery, B.5
  • 13
    • 63649096101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabis and stroke: is there a link?
    • Thanvi B.R., Treadwell S.D. Cannabis and stroke: is there a link?. Postgrad Med J 2009, 85:80-83.
    • (2009) Postgrad Med J , vol.85 , pp. 80-83
    • Thanvi, B.R.1    Treadwell, S.D.2
  • 14
    • 73949095960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse health effects of non-medical cannabis use
    • Tormey W. Adverse health effects of non-medical cannabis use. Lancet 2010, 375:196.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 196
    • Tormey, W.1
  • 15
    • 40949112752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacotherapeutic targeting of the endocannabinoid signaling system: drugs for obesity and the metabolic syndrome
    • Vemuri V.K., Janero D.R., Makriyannis A. Pharmacotherapeutic targeting of the endocannabinoid signaling system: drugs for obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Physiol Behav 2008, 93:671-686.
    • (2008) Physiol Behav , vol.93 , pp. 671-686
    • Vemuri, V.K.1    Janero, D.R.2    Makriyannis, A.3
  • 16
    • 66949122760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of blockage of the endocannabinoid system by CB(1) antagonism on cardiovascular risk
    • Mach F., Montecucco F., Steffens S. Effect of blockage of the endocannabinoid system by CB(1) antagonism on cardiovascular risk. Pharmacol Rep 2009, 61:13-21.
    • (2009) Pharmacol Rep , vol.61 , pp. 13-21
    • Mach, F.1    Montecucco, F.2    Steffens, S.3
  • 17
    • 34247373133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of endocannabinoid system blockade in the treatment of the metabolic syndrome
    • May
    • Kakafika A.I., Mikhailidis D.P., Karagiannis A., Athyros V.G. The role of endocannabinoid system blockade in the treatment of the metabolic syndrome. J Clin Pharmacol 2007 May, 47(5):642-652.
    • (2007) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.47 , Issue.5 , pp. 642-652
    • Kakafika, A.I.1    Mikhailidis, D.P.2    Karagiannis, A.3    Athyros, V.G.4
  • 18
    • 79953283519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid type 1 receptor antagonists for smoking cessation
    • CD005353
    • Cahill K., Ussher M.H. Cannabinoid type 1 receptor antagonists for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011, 3. CD005353.
    • (2011) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.3
    • Cahill, K.1    Ussher, M.H.2
  • 19
    • 78650960433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An overview of the metabolic effects of rimonabant in randomized controlled trials: potential for other cannabinoid 1 receptor blockers in obesity
    • Christopoulou F.D., Kiortsis D.N. An overview of the metabolic effects of rimonabant in randomized controlled trials: potential for other cannabinoid 1 receptor blockers in obesity. J Clin Pharm Ther 2011, 36:10-18.
    • (2011) J Clin Pharm Ther , vol.36 , pp. 10-18
    • Christopoulou, F.D.1    Kiortsis, D.N.2
  • 20
    • 67649418026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The future of endocannabinoid-oriented clinical research after CB1 antagonists
    • Le Foll B., Gorelick D.A., Goldberg S.R. The future of endocannabinoid-oriented clinical research after CB1 antagonists. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2009, 205:171-174.
    • (2009) Psychopharmacology (Berl) , vol.205 , pp. 171-174
    • Le Foll, B.1    Gorelick, D.A.2    Goldberg, S.R.3
  • 21
    • 0034016996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reexamining health effects of cigar smoking: fashionable, but may increase the risk of coronary heart disease
    • Iribarren C. Reexamining health effects of cigar smoking: fashionable, but may increase the risk of coronary heart disease. Eur Heart J 2000, 21:505-506.
    • (2000) Eur Heart J , vol.21 , pp. 505-506
    • Iribarren, C.1
  • 22
    • 0142185440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pipe and cigar smoking and major cardiovascular events, cancer incidence and all-cause mortality in middle-aged British men
    • Shaper A.G., Wannamethee S.G., Walker M. Pipe and cigar smoking and major cardiovascular events, cancer incidence and all-cause mortality in middle-aged British men. Int J Epidemiol 2003, 32:802-808.
    • (2003) Int J Epidemiol , vol.32 , pp. 802-808
    • Shaper, A.G.1    Wannamethee, S.G.2    Walker, M.3
  • 23
    • 0033536917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigar smoking and death from coronary heart disease in a prospective study of US men
    • Jacobs E.J., Thun M.J., Apicella L.F. Cigar smoking and death from coronary heart disease in a prospective study of US men. Arch Intern Med 1999, 159:2413-2418.
    • (1999) Arch Intern Med , vol.159 , pp. 2413-2418
    • Jacobs, E.J.1    Thun, M.J.2    Apicella, L.F.3
  • 24
    • 0030445767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking habits and risk of fatal stroke: 18 years follow up of the Oslo Study
    • Håheim L.L., Holme I., Hjermann I., Leren P. Smoking habits and risk of fatal stroke: 18 years follow up of the Oslo Study. J Epidemiol Community Health 1996, 50:621-624.
    • (1996) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.50 , pp. 621-624
    • Håheim, L.L.1    Holme, I.2    Hjermann, I.3    Leren, P.4
  • 26
    • 2942571660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between exclusive pipe smoking and mortality from cancer and other diseases
    • Henley S.J., Thun M.J., Chao A., Calle E.E. Association between exclusive pipe smoking and mortality from cancer and other diseases. J Natl Cancer Inst 2004, 96:853-861.
    • (2004) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.96 , pp. 853-861
    • Henley, S.J.1    Thun, M.J.2    Chao, A.3    Calle, E.E.4
  • 27
    • 77956235966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ARIC Investigators. Risk of incident cardiovascular disease among users of smokeless tobacco in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
    • Yatsuya H., Folsom A.R. ARIC Investigators. Risk of incident cardiovascular disease among users of smokeless tobacco in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Am J Epidemiol 2010, 172:600-605.
    • (2010) Am J Epidemiol , vol.172 , pp. 600-605
    • Yatsuya, H.1    Folsom, A.R.2
  • 28
    • 78149500672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The global epidemic of waterpipe smoking
    • Maziak W. The global epidemic of waterpipe smoking. Addict Behav 2011, 36:1-5.
    • (2011) Addict Behav , vol.36 , pp. 1-5
    • Maziak, W.1
  • 29
  • 30
    • 35548943100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waterpipe smoking and nicotine exposure: a review of the current evidence
    • Neergaard J., Singh P., Job J., Montgomery S. Waterpipe smoking and nicotine exposure: a review of the current evidence. Nicotine Tob Res 2007, 9:987-994.
    • (2007) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.9 , pp. 987-994
    • Neergaard, J.1    Singh, P.2    Job, J.3    Montgomery, S.4
  • 31
    • 58449093520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The acute effects of Waterpipe smoking on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems
    • Shaikh R.B., Vijayaraghavan N., Sulaiman A.S., Kazi S., Shafi M.S. The acute effects of Waterpipe smoking on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. J Prev Med Hyg 2008, 49:101-107.
    • (2008) J Prev Med Hyg , vol.49 , pp. 101-107
    • Shaikh, R.B.1    Vijayaraghavan, N.2    Sulaiman, A.S.3    Kazi, S.4    Shafi, M.S.5
  • 33
    • 34447536839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking-related morbidity and mortality in the cardiovascular setting
    • White W.B. Smoking-related morbidity and mortality in the cardiovascular setting. Prev Cardiol 2007, 10(2 Suppl. 1):1-4.
    • (2007) Prev Cardiol , vol.10 , Issue.2 SUPPL. 1 , pp. 1-4
    • White, W.B.1
  • 34
    • 21244436076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two large prospective studies of mortality among men who use snuff or chewing tobacco (United States)
    • Henley S.J., Thun M.J., Connell C., Calle E.E. Two large prospective studies of mortality among men who use snuff or chewing tobacco (United States). Cancer Causes Control 2005, 16:347-358.
    • (2005) Cancer Causes Control , vol.16 , pp. 347-358
    • Henley, S.J.1    Thun, M.J.2    Connell, C.3    Calle, E.E.4
  • 36
    • 67349156216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking: an undertreated risk factor for cardiovascular disease
    • Erhardt L. Cigarette smoking: an undertreated risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis 2009, 205:23-32.
    • (2009) Atherosclerosis , vol.205 , pp. 23-32
    • Erhardt, L.1
  • 38
    • 79960621381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intractable cigarette 'filter problem'
    • Harris B. The intractable cigarette 'filter problem'. Tob Control 2011, 20(Suppl. 1):i10-i16.
    • (2011) Tob Control , vol.20 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Harris, B.1
  • 40
    • 77957293091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of the effect of comprehensive smoke-free legislation on acute coronary events
    • Mackay D.F., Irfan M.O., Haw S., Pell J.P. Meta-analysis of the effect of comprehensive smoke-free legislation on acute coronary events. Heart 2010, 96:1525-1530.
    • (2010) Heart , vol.96 , pp. 1525-1530
    • Mackay, D.F.1    Irfan, M.O.2    Haw, S.3    Pell, J.P.4
  • 41
    • 0034630424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of smoking cessation on mortality after myocardial infarction: meta-analysis of cohort studies
    • Wilson K., Gibson N., Willan A., Cook D. Effect of smoking cessation on mortality after myocardial infarction: meta-analysis of cohort studies. Arch Intern Med 2000, 160:939-944.
    • (2000) Arch Intern Med , vol.160 , pp. 939-944
    • Wilson, K.1    Gibson, N.2    Willan, A.3    Cook, D.4
  • 43
    • 2942737026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking cessation for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease
    • CD003041
    • Critchley J., Capewell S. Smoking cessation for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004, (1). CD003041.
    • (2004) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.1
    • Critchley, J.1    Capewell, S.2
  • 44
    • 0032876535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and risk of stroke
    • Hankey G.J. Smoking and risk of stroke. J Cardiovasc Risk 1999, 6:207-211.
    • (1999) J Cardiovasc Risk , vol.6 , pp. 207-211
    • Hankey, G.J.1
  • 45
    • 0029001533 scopus 로고
    • Smoking cessation and the risk of stroke in middle-aged men
    • Wannamethee S.G., Shaper A.G., Whincup P.H., Walker M. Smoking cessation and the risk of stroke in middle-aged men. JAMA 1995, 274:155-160.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 155-160
    • Wannamethee, S.G.1    Shaper, A.G.2    Whincup, P.H.3    Walker, M.4
  • 46
    • 77954490327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and stroke: the more you smoke the more you stroke
    • Shah R.S., Cole J.W. Smoking and stroke: the more you smoke the more you stroke. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2010, 8:917-932.
    • (2010) Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther , vol.8 , pp. 917-932
    • Shah, R.S.1    Cole, J.W.2
  • 47
    • 34247526305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality and life expectancy in relation to long-term cigarette, cigar and pipe smoking: the Zutphen Study
    • Streppel M.T., Boshuizen H.C., Ocké M.C., Kok F.J., Kromhout D. Mortality and life expectancy in relation to long-term cigarette, cigar and pipe smoking: the Zutphen Study. Tob Control 2007, 16:107-113.
    • (2007) Tob Control , vol.16 , pp. 107-113
    • Streppel, M.T.1    Boshuizen, H.C.2    Ocké, M.C.3    Kok, F.J.4    Kromhout, D.5
  • 48
    • 78650714056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health consequences of pipe versus cigarette smoking
    • Tverdal A., Bjartveit K. Health consequences of pipe versus cigarette smoking. Tob Control 2011, 20:123-130.
    • (2011) Tob Control , vol.20 , pp. 123-130
    • Tverdal, A.1    Bjartveit, K.2
  • 49
    • 0030912321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of effect of switching from cigarettes to pipes or cigars on mortality from three smoking related diseases
    • Wald N.J., Watt H.C. Prospective study of effect of switching from cigarettes to pipes or cigars on mortality from three smoking related diseases. BMJ 1997, 314:1860-1863.
    • (1997) BMJ , vol.314 , pp. 1860-1863
    • Wald, N.J.1    Watt, H.C.2
  • 50
    • 24044554584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between cigarette smoking, pipe/cigar smoking, and smoking cessation, and haemostatic and inflammatory markers for cardiovascular disease
    • Wannamethee S.G., Lowe G.D., Shaper A.G., Rumley A., Lennon L., Whincup P.H. Associations between cigarette smoking, pipe/cigar smoking, and smoking cessation, and haemostatic and inflammatory markers for cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J 2005, 26:1765-1773.
    • (2005) Eur Heart J , vol.26 , pp. 1765-1773
    • Wannamethee, S.G.1    Lowe, G.D.2    Shaper, A.G.3    Rumley, A.4    Lennon, L.5    Whincup, P.H.6
  • 51
    • 64949125101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What a vascular surgeon should know and do about atherosclerotic risk factors
    • Liapis C.D., Avgerinos E.D., Kadoglou N.P., Kakisis J.D. What a vascular surgeon should know and do about atherosclerotic risk factors. J Vasc Surg 2009, 49:1348-1354.
    • (2009) J Vasc Surg , vol.49 , pp. 1348-1354
    • Liapis, C.D.1    Avgerinos, E.D.2    Kadoglou, N.P.3    Kakisis, J.D.4
  • 52
    • 79958171836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking, smoking cessation, and risk for symptomatic peripheral artery disease in women: a cohort study
    • Conen D., Everett B.M., Kurth T., Creager M.A., Buring J.E., Ridker P.M., Pradhan A.D. Smoking, smoking cessation, and risk for symptomatic peripheral artery disease in women: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med 2011, 154(11):719-726.
    • (2011) Ann Intern Med , vol.154 , Issue.11 , pp. 719-726
    • Conen, D.1    Everett, B.M.2    Kurth, T.3    Creager, M.A.4    Buring, J.E.5    Ridker, P.M.6    Pradhan, A.D.7
  • 55
    • 10944224173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship of cigarette smoking to peripheral arterial disease
    • Lu J.T., Creager M.A. The relationship of cigarette smoking to peripheral arterial disease. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2004, 5:189-193.
    • (2004) Rev Cardiovasc Med , vol.5 , pp. 189-193
    • Lu, J.T.1    Creager, M.A.2
  • 57
    • 33746080431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral arterial disease: recognition and medical management
    • Almahameed A. Peripheral arterial disease: recognition and medical management. Cleve Clin J Med 2006, 73:621-626.
    • (2006) Cleve Clin J Med , vol.73 , pp. 621-626
    • Almahameed, A.1
  • 58
    • 57749205594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking, abdominal aortic aneurysms, and ischemic heart disease: is there a link?
    • Dec-2009 Jan
    • Paraskevas K.I., Stathopoulos V., Mikhailidis D.P., Perrea D. Smoking, abdominal aortic aneurysms, and ischemic heart disease: is there a link?. Angiology 2008 Dec-2009 Jan, 59:664-666.
    • (2008) Angiology , vol.59 , pp. 664-666
    • Paraskevas, K.I.1    Stathopoulos, V.2    Mikhailidis, D.P.3    Perrea, D.4
  • 59
    • 34547589234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and aortic diseases
    • Kakafika A.I., Mikhailidis D.P. Smoking and aortic diseases. Circ J 2007, 71:1173-1180.
    • (2007) Circ J , vol.71 , pp. 1173-1180
    • Kakafika, A.I.1    Mikhailidis, D.P.2
  • 61
    • 0032764022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between cigarette smoking and abdominal aortic aneurysms
    • Wilmink T.B., Quick C.R., Day N.E. The association between cigarette smoking and abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 1999, 30:1099-1105.
    • (1999) J Vasc Surg , vol.30 , pp. 1099-1105
    • Wilmink, T.B.1    Quick, C.R.2    Day, N.E.3
  • 62
    • 0031055721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and associations of abdominal aortic aneurysm detected through screening. Aneurysm Detection and Management (ADAM) Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group
    • Lederle F.A., Johnson G.R., Wilson S.E., Chute E.P., Littooy F.N., Bandyk D., Krupski W.C., Barone G.W., Acher C.W., Ballard D.J. Prevalence and associations of abdominal aortic aneurysm detected through screening. Aneurysm Detection and Management (ADAM) Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group. Ann Intern Med 1997, 126(6):441-449.
    • (1997) Ann Intern Med , vol.126 , Issue.6 , pp. 441-449
    • Lederle, F.A.1    Johnson, G.R.2    Wilson, S.E.3    Chute, E.P.4    Littooy, F.N.5    Bandyk, D.6    Krupski, W.C.7    Barone, G.W.8    Acher, C.W.9    Ballard, D.J.10
  • 63
    • 0041384102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smokers' relative risk for aortic aneurysm compared with other smoking-related diseases: a systematic review
    • Lederle F.A., Nelson D.B., Joseph A.M. Smokers' relative risk for aortic aneurysm compared with other smoking-related diseases: a systematic review. J Vasc Surg 2003, 38:329-334.
    • (2003) J Vasc Surg , vol.38 , pp. 329-334
    • Lederle, F.A.1    Nelson, D.B.2    Joseph, A.M.3
  • 65
    • 79960698146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations of cardiovascular risk factors with two surrogate markers of subclinical atherosclerosis: endothelial function and carotid intima media thickness
    • Fitch K.V., Stavrou E., Looby S.E., Hemphill L., Jaff M.R., Grinspoon S.K. Associations of cardiovascular risk factors with two surrogate markers of subclinical atherosclerosis: endothelial function and carotid intima media thickness. Atherosclerosis 2011, 217(2):437-440.
    • (2011) Atherosclerosis , vol.217 , Issue.2 , pp. 437-440
    • Fitch, K.V.1    Stavrou, E.2    Looby, S.E.3    Hemphill, L.4    Jaff, M.R.5    Grinspoon, S.K.6
  • 67
    • 70349414691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thromboangiitis obliterans in the 21st century - a new face of disease
    • Małecki R., Zdrojowy K., Adamiec R. Thromboangiitis obliterans in the 21st century - a new face of disease. Atherosclerosis 2009, 206:328-334.
    • (2009) Atherosclerosis , vol.206 , pp. 328-334
    • Małecki, R.1    Zdrojowy, K.2    Adamiec, R.3
  • 68
    • 45449109201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substitution of smokeless tobacco for cigarettes in Buerger's disease does not prevent limb loss
    • Lawrence P.F., Lund O.I., Jimenez J.C., Muttalib R. Substitution of smokeless tobacco for cigarettes in Buerger's disease does not prevent limb loss. J Vasc Surg 2008, 48:210-212.
    • (2008) J Vasc Surg , vol.48 , pp. 210-212
    • Lawrence, P.F.1    Lund, O.I.2    Jimenez, J.C.3    Muttalib, R.4
  • 69
    • 33847015967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease): searching for a therapeutic strategy
    • Paraskevas K.I., Liapis C.D., Briana D.D., Mikhailidis D.P. Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease): searching for a therapeutic strategy. Angiology 2007, 58:75-84.
    • (2007) Angiology , vol.58 , pp. 75-84
    • Paraskevas, K.I.1    Liapis, C.D.2    Briana, D.D.3    Mikhailidis, D.P.4
  • 70
    • 0031412145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The occurrence of Raynaud's phenomenon in a general population: the Framingham Study
    • Brand F.N., Larson M.G., Kannel W.B., McGuirk J.M. The occurrence of Raynaud's phenomenon in a general population: the Framingham Study. Vasc Med 1997, 2:296-301.
    • (1997) Vasc Med , vol.2 , pp. 296-301
    • Brand, F.N.1    Larson, M.G.2    Kannel, W.B.3    McGuirk, J.M.4
  • 71
    • 33847363052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking, alcohol consumption, and Raynaud's phenomenon in middle age
    • Suter L.G., Murabito J.M., Felson D.T., Fraenkel L. Smoking, alcohol consumption, and Raynaud's phenomenon in middle age. Am J Med 2007, 120:264-271.
    • (2007) Am J Med , vol.120 , pp. 264-271
    • Suter, L.G.1    Murabito, J.M.2    Felson, D.T.3    Fraenkel, L.4
  • 72
    • 33947330899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The diagnosis and treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon: a practical approach
    • Pope J.E. The diagnosis and treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon: a practical approach. Drugs 2007, 67:517-525.
    • (2007) Drugs , vol.67 , pp. 517-525
    • Pope, J.E.1
  • 73
    • 39149115082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis: association with emerging vascular risk factors
    • Paraskevas K.I., Hamilton G., Cross J.M., Mikhailidis D.P. Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis: association with emerging vascular risk factors. Nephron Clin Pract 2008, 108:c56-c66.
    • (2008) Nephron Clin Pract , vol.108
    • Paraskevas, K.I.1    Hamilton, G.2    Cross, J.M.3    Mikhailidis, D.P.4
  • 74
    • 0348141777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of smoking on systemic and intrarenal hemodynamics: influence on renal function
    • Orth S.R. Effects of smoking on systemic and intrarenal hemodynamics: influence on renal function. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004, 15(Suppl. 1):S58-S63.
    • (2004) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.15 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Orth, S.R.1
  • 75
    • 1442311078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-based guide to slowing the progression of early renal insufficiency
    • Johnson D.W. Evidence-based guide to slowing the progression of early renal insufficiency. Intern Med J 2004, 34:50-57.
    • (2004) Intern Med J , vol.34 , pp. 50-57
    • Johnson, D.W.1
  • 76
    • 80052961999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking cessation predicts amelioration of microalbuminuria in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 1-year prospective study
    • Voulgari C., Katsilambros N., Tentolouris N. Smoking cessation predicts amelioration of microalbuminuria in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 1-year prospective study. Metabolism 2011, 60(10):1456-1464.
    • (2011) Metabolism , vol.60 , Issue.10 , pp. 1456-1464
    • Voulgari, C.1    Katsilambros, N.2    Tentolouris, N.3
  • 77
    • 0036511089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS)
    • Geddes C.C., Jardine A.G. Diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS). Minerva Urol Nefrol 2002, 54:29-36.
    • (2002) Minerva Urol Nefrol , vol.54 , pp. 29-36
    • Geddes, C.C.1    Jardine, A.G.2
  • 78
    • 0141842774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of smoking on predictors of vascular disease
    • Tsiara S., Elisaf M., Mikhailidis D.P. Influence of smoking on predictors of vascular disease. Angiology 2003, 54:507-530.
    • (2003) Angiology , vol.54 , pp. 507-530
    • Tsiara, S.1    Elisaf, M.2    Mikhailidis, D.P.3
  • 80
    • 46249091188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration. Cigarette smoking, systolic blood pressure, and cardiovascular diseases in the Asia-Pacific region
    • Nakamura K., Barzi F., Lam T.H., Huxley R., Feigin V.L., Ueshima H., Woo J., Gu D., Ohkubo T., Lawes C.M., Suh I., Woodward M. Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration. Cigarette smoking, systolic blood pressure, and cardiovascular diseases in the Asia-Pacific region. Stroke 2008, 39(6):1694-1702.
    • (2008) Stroke , vol.39 , Issue.6 , pp. 1694-1702
    • Nakamura, K.1    Barzi, F.2    Lam, T.H.3    Huxley, R.4    Feigin, V.L.5    Ueshima, H.6    Woo, J.7    Gu, D.8    Ohkubo, T.9    Lawes, C.M.10    Suh, I.11    Woodward, M.12
  • 82
    • 0035656385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and mortality among women with type 2 diabetes: the Nurses' Health Study cohort
    • Al-Delaimy W.K., Willett W.C., Manson J.E., Speizer F.E., Hu F.B. Smoking and mortality among women with type 2 diabetes: the Nurses' Health Study cohort. Diabetes Care 2001, 24:2043-2048.
    • (2001) Diabetes Care , vol.24 , pp. 2043-2048
    • Al-Delaimy, W.K.1    Willett, W.C.2    Manson, J.E.3    Speizer, F.E.4    Hu, F.B.5
  • 83
    • 33749821010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetic microvascular complications: can patients at risk be identified? A review
    • Girach A., Manner D., Porta M. Diabetic microvascular complications: can patients at risk be identified? A review. Int J Clin Pract 2006, 60:1471-1483.
    • (2006) Int J Clin Pract , vol.60 , pp. 1471-1483
    • Girach, A.1    Manner, D.2    Porta, M.3
  • 84
    • 8344244535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetic nephropathy - a review of the natural history, burden, risk factors and treatment
    • Ayodele O.E., Alebiosu C.O., Salako B.L. Diabetic nephropathy - a review of the natural history, burden, risk factors and treatment. J Natl Med Assoc 2004, 96:1445-1454.
    • (2004) J Natl Med Assoc , vol.96 , pp. 1445-1454
    • Ayodele, O.E.1    Alebiosu, C.O.2    Salako, B.L.3
  • 85
    • 0037354252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking and diabetes
    • Eliasson B. Cigarette smoking and diabetes. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2003, 45:405-413.
    • (2003) Prog Cardiovasc Dis , vol.45 , pp. 405-413
    • Eliasson, B.1
  • 86
    • 56649083647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and smoking cessation - the relationship between cardiovascular disease and lipoprotein metabolism: a review
    • Chelland Campbell S., Moffatt R.J., Stamford B.A. Smoking and smoking cessation - the relationship between cardiovascular disease and lipoprotein metabolism: a review. Atherosclerosis 2008, 201:225-235.
    • (2008) Atherosclerosis , vol.201 , pp. 225-235
    • Chelland Campbell, S.1    Moffatt, R.J.2    Stamford, B.A.3
  • 87
    • 78650288540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of smoking and smoking cessation on lipids and lipoproteins: outcomes from a randomized clinical trial
    • Gepner A.D., Piper M.E., Johnson H.M., Fiore M.C., Baker T.B., Stein J.H. Effects of smoking and smoking cessation on lipids and lipoproteins: outcomes from a randomized clinical trial. Am Heart J 2011, 161:145-151.
    • (2011) Am Heart J , vol.161 , pp. 145-151
    • Gepner, A.D.1    Piper, M.E.2    Johnson, H.M.3    Fiore, M.C.4    Baker, T.B.5    Stein, J.H.6
  • 88
    • 37149034177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active smoking and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Willi C., Bodenmann P., Ghali W.A., Faris P.D., Cornuz J. Active smoking and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2007, 298:2654-2664.
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.298 , pp. 2654-2664
    • Willi, C.1    Bodenmann, P.2    Ghali, W.A.3    Faris, P.D.4    Cornuz, J.5
  • 91
    • 34250798534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking, haemostatic factors, and cardiovascular risk
    • Leone A. Smoking, haemostatic factors, and cardiovascular risk. Curr Pharm Des 2007, 13:1661-1667.
    • (2007) Curr Pharm Des , vol.13 , pp. 1661-1667
    • Leone, A.1
  • 93
    • 77049118961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of smoking and smoking cessation on mortality from cardiovascular disease among Japanese: pooled analysis of three large-scale cohort studies in Japan
    • Honjo K., Iso H., Tsugane S., Tamakoshi A., Satoh H., Tajima K., Suzuki T., Sobue T. The effects of smoking and smoking cessation on mortality from cardiovascular disease among Japanese: pooled analysis of three large-scale cohort studies in Japan. Tob Control 2010, 19(1):50-57.
    • (2010) Tob Control , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 50-57
    • Honjo, K.1    Iso, H.2    Tsugane, S.3    Tamakoshi, A.4    Satoh, H.5    Tajima, K.6    Suzuki, T.7    Sobue, T.8
  • 94
    • 79957987208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking cessation and the cardiovascular specialist: Canadian Cardiovascular Society position paper
    • Pipe A.L., Eisenberg M.J., Gupta A., Reid R.D., Suskin N.G., Stone J.A. Smoking cessation and the cardiovascular specialist: Canadian Cardiovascular Society position paper. Can J Cardiol 2011, 27:132-137.
    • (2011) Can J Cardiol , vol.27 , pp. 132-137
    • Pipe, A.L.1    Eisenberg, M.J.2    Gupta, A.3    Reid, R.D.4    Suskin, N.G.5    Stone, J.A.6
  • 95
    • 18544370079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk modification in patients with peripheral arterial disease: a retrospective survey
    • Youssef F., Gupta P., Mikhailidis D.P., Hamilton G. Risk modification in patients with peripheral arterial disease: a retrospective survey. Angiology 2005, 56:279-287.
    • (2005) Angiology , vol.56 , pp. 279-287
    • Youssef, F.1    Gupta, P.2    Mikhailidis, D.P.3    Hamilton, G.4
  • 96
    • 0034829791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking diminishes the beneficial effect of statins: observations from the landmark trials
    • Milionis H.J., Rizos E., Mikhailidis D.P. Smoking diminishes the beneficial effect of statins: observations from the landmark trials. Angiology 2001, 52:575-587.
    • (2001) Angiology , vol.52 , pp. 575-587
    • Milionis, H.J.1    Rizos, E.2    Mikhailidis, D.P.3
  • 97
    • 77954499540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quit attempts in response to smoke-free legislation in England
    • Hackshaw L., McEwen A., West R., Bauld L. Quit attempts in response to smoke-free legislation in England. Tob Control 2010, 19:160-164.
    • (2010) Tob Control , vol.19 , pp. 160-164
    • Hackshaw, L.1    McEwen, A.2    West, R.3    Bauld, L.4
  • 98
    • 77954720108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the economic impact of California's Tobacco Control Program: a dynamic model approach
    • Miller L.S., Max W., Sung H.Y., Rice D., Zaretsky M. Evaluation of the economic impact of California's Tobacco Control Program: a dynamic model approach. Tob Control 2010, 19(Suppl. 1):i68-i76.
    • (2010) Tob Control , vol.19 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Miller, L.S.1    Max, W.2    Sung, H.Y.3    Rice, D.4    Zaretsky, M.5
  • 99
    • 77958192655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of interventions to prevent and control diabetes mellitus: a systematic review
    • Li R., Zhang P., Barker L.E., Chowdhury F.M., Zhang X. Cost-effectiveness of interventions to prevent and control diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Diabetes Care 2010, 33:1872-1894.
    • (2010) Diabetes Care , vol.33 , pp. 1872-1894
    • Li, R.1    Zhang, P.2    Barker, L.E.3    Chowdhury, F.M.4    Zhang, X.5
  • 100
    • 79952117113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quitting smoking in China: findings from the ITC China Survey
    • Jiang Y., Elton-Marshall T., Fong G.T., Li Q. Quitting smoking in China: findings from the ITC China Survey. Tob Control 2010, 19(Suppl. 2):i12-i17.
    • (2010) Tob Control , vol.19 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Jiang, Y.1    Elton-Marshall, T.2    Fong, G.T.3    Li, Q.4
  • 101
    • 77955298753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public support in England for raising the price of cigarettes to fund tobacco control activities
    • Gardner B., West R. Public support in England for raising the price of cigarettes to fund tobacco control activities. Tob Control 2010, 19:331-333.
    • (2010) Tob Control , vol.19 , pp. 331-333
    • Gardner, B.1    West, R.2
  • 102
    • 78650629613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking prevalence in the European Union: a comparison of national and transnational prevalence survey methods and results
    • Bogdanovica I., Godfrey F., McNeill A., Britton J. Smoking prevalence in the European Union: a comparison of national and transnational prevalence survey methods and results. Tob Control 2011, 20:e4.
    • (2011) Tob Control , vol.20
    • Bogdanovica, I.1    Godfrey, F.2    McNeill, A.3    Britton, J.4
  • 105
    • 33747095777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco use and risk of myocardial infarction in 52 countries in the INTERHEART study: a case-control study
    • INTERHEART Study Investigators
    • Teo K.K., Ounpuu S., Hawken S., Pandey M.R., Valentin V., Hunt D., Diaz R., Rashed W., Freeman R., Jiang L., Zhang X., Yusuf S. Tobacco use and risk of myocardial infarction in 52 countries in the INTERHEART study: a case-control study. Lancet 2006, 368(9536):647-658. INTERHEART Study Investigators.
    • (2006) Lancet , vol.368 , Issue.9536 , pp. 647-658
    • Teo, K.K.1    Ounpuu, S.2    Hawken, S.3    Pandey, M.R.4    Valentin, V.5    Hunt, D.6    Diaz, R.7    Rashed, W.8    Freeman, R.9    Jiang, L.10    Zhang, X.11    Yusuf, S.12


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.