The embeddedness of networks: Institutions, structural holes, and innovativeness in the fuel cell industry

Organization Science

Volumn 24, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 645-663

  Vasudeva, Gurneeta ^a   Zaheer, Akbar ^a   Hernandez, Exequiel ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^b WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST LOUIS   (United States)

Author keywords

Alliance networks; Brokerage; Corporatism; Innovation history; Knowledge flows; National institutions; Structural holes

Indexed keywords

EID: 84877971387     PISSN: 10477039     EISSN: 15265455     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1287/orsc.1120.0780     Document Type: Article

References (91)

1. Adler PS, Kwon S-W (2002) Social capital: Prospects for a new concept. Acad. Management Rev. 27(1):17-40.
2. Ahuja G (2000) Collaboration networks, structural holes, and innovation: A longitudinal study. Admin. Sci. Quart. 45(3):425-455.
3. Alcácer J, Chung W (2007) Location strategies and knowledge spillovers. Management Sci. 53(5):760-776.
4. Alcácer J, Gittelman M (2006) Patent citations as a measure of knowledge flows: The influence of examiner citations. Rev. Econom. Statist. 88(4):774-779.
5. Avadikyan A, Cohendet P, Héraud J-A (2003) The Economic Dynamics of Fuel Cell Technologies (Springer-Verlag, Berlin). Badie B, Birnbaum P (1983) The Sociology of the State (University of Chicago Press, Chicago).
6. Bascle G (2008) Controlling for endogeneity with instrumental variables in strategic management research. Strategic Organ. 6(3):285-327.
7. Baum JAC, Li SX, Usher JM (2000) Making the next move: How experiential and vicarious learning shape the locations of chains' acquisitions. Admin. Sci. Quart. 45(4):766-801.
8. Beramendi P, Rueda D (2007) Social democracy constrained: Indirect taxation in industrialized democracies. British J. Political Sci. 37(4):619-641.
9. Bonacich P (1987) Power and centrality: A family of measures. Amer. J. Sociol. 92(5):1170-1182.
10. Borgatti SP (1997) Structural holes: Unpacking Burt's redundancy measures. Connections 20(1):35-38.
11. Burt RS (1992) Structural Holes: The Social Structure of Competition (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA).
12. Burt RS (1997) A note on social capital and network content. Soc. Networks 19(4):355-373.
13. Burt RS (2004) Structural holes and good ideas. Amer. J. Sociol. 110(2):349-399.
14. Cawson A (1985) Organized Interests and the State: Studies in Meso- Corporatism (Sage, Beverly Hills, CA).
15. Cohen WM, Levinthal DA (1990) Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Admin. Sci. Quart. 35(1):128-152.
16. Cohen WM, Goto A, Nagata A, Nelson RR, Walsh JP (2002) R&D spillovers, patents and the incentives to innovate in Japan and the United States. Res. Policy 31(8-9):1349-1367.
17. Crouch C, Streeck W (1997) Political Economy of Modern Capitalism: Mapping Convergence and Diversity (Sage, London).
18. DiMaggio PJ, Powell WW (1983) The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 48(2):147-160.
19. Dyer JH, Singh H (1998) The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Acad. Management Rev. 23(4):660-679.
20. Fernandez RM, Gould RV (1994) A dilemma of state power: Brokerage and influence in the national health policy domain. Amer. J. Sociol. 99(6):1455-1491.
21. Freeman LC (1979) Centrality in social networks: Conceptual clarification. Soc. Networks 1(3):215-239.
22. Garud R, Karnøe P (2003) Bricolage versus breakthrough: Distributed and embedded agency in technology entrepreneurship. Res. Policy 32(2):277-300.
23. Ghoshal S, Bartlett CA (1990) The multinational corporation as an interorganizational network. Acad. Management Rev. 15(4):603-625.
24. Gomes-Casseres B, Hagedoorn J, Jaffe AB (2006) Do alliances promote knowledge flows? J. Financial Econom. 80(1):5-33.
25. Gould RV, Fernandez RM (1989) Structures of mediation: A formal approach to brokerage in transaction networks. Sociol. Methodol. 19:89-126.
26. Granovetter M (1985) Economic action and social structure: A theory of embeddedness. Amer. J. Sociol. 91(3):481-510.
27. Gulati R (1995) Social structure and alliance formation patterns: A longitudinal analysis. Admin. Sci. Quart. 40(4):619-652.
28. Gulati R, Nohria N, Zaheer A (2000) Strategic networks. Strategic Management J. 21(3):203-215.
29. Guler I, Guillén MF, Macpherson JM (2002) Global competition, institutions, and the diffusion of organizational practices: The international spread of ISO 9000 quality certificates. Admin. Sci. Quart. 47(2):207-232.
30. Hagedoorn J, Narula R (1996) Choosing organizational modes of strategic technology partnering: International and sectoral differences. J. Internat. Bus. Stud. 27(2):265-284.
31. Hansen MT (1999) The search-transfer problem: The role of weak ties in sharing knowledge across organization subunits. Admin. Sci. Quart. 44(1):82-85.
32. Henderson R, Cockburn I (1994) Measuring competence? Exploring firm effects in pharmaceutical research. Strategic Management J. 15(S1):63-84.
33. Hicks A, Kenworthy L (1998) Cooperation and political economic performance in affluent democratic capitalism. Amer. J. Sociol. 103(6):1631-1672.
34. Hofstede GH (1980) Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values (Sage, Beverly Hills, CA).
35. Holburn GLF, Zelner BA (2010) Political capabilities, policy risk, and international investment strategy: Evidence from the global electric power generation industry. Strategic Management J. 31(12):1290-1315.
36. Ingram P, Lifschitz A (2006) Kinship in the shadow of the corporation: The interbuilder network in Clyde River shipbuilding, 1711-1990. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 71(2):334-352.
37. Jaffe AB, Trajtenberg M, Henderson R (1993) Geographic localization of knowledge spillovers as evidenced by patent citations. Quart. J. Econom. 108(3):577-598.
38. Jepperson RL (2002) Political modernities: Disentangling two underlying dimensions of institutional differentiation. Sociol. Theory 20(1):61-85.
39. Kenworthy L (2003) Quantitative indicators of corporatism. Internat. J. Sociol. 33(3):10-44.
40. Khanna T, Gulati R, Nohria N (1998) The dynamics of learning alliances: Competition, cooperation, and relative scope. Strategic Management J. 19(3):193-210.
41. King G, Tomz M, Wittenberg J (2000) Making the most of statistical analyses: Improving interpretation and presentation. Amer. J. Political Sci. 44(2):347-361.
42. Kogut B, Singh H (1988) The effect of national culture on the choice of entry mode. J. Internat. Bus. Stud. 19(3):411-432.
43. Krippner GR, Alvarez AS (2007) Embeddedness and the intellectual projects of economic sociology. Annual Rev. Sociol. 33:219-240.
44. Lavie D, Miller SR (2008) Alliance portfolio internationalization and firm performance. Organ. Sci. 19(4):623-646.
45. Lee CS (2007) Labor unions and good governance: A cross-national, comparative analysis. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 72(4):585-609.
46. Luo X, Chung CN (2005) Keeping it all in the family: The role of particularistic relationships in business group performance during institutional transition. Admin. Sci. Quart. 50(3):404-439.
47. Macher JT (2006) Technological development and the boundaries of the firm: A knowledge-based examination in semiconductor manufacturing. Management Sci. 52(6):826-843.
48. Meyer JW, Rowan B (1977) Institutionalized organizations: Formal structure as myth and ceremony. Amer. J. Sociol. 83(2):340-363.
49. Murtha TP, Lenway SA (1994) Country capabilities and the strategic state: How national political institutions affect multinational corporation's strategies. Strategic Management J. 15(S2):113-129.
50. North DC (1990) Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK).
51. Obstfeld D (2005) Social networks, the tertius iungens orientation, and involvement in innovation. Admin. Sci. Quart. 50(1):100-130.
52. Olson M (1971) The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA).
53. Owen-Smith J, Powell WW (2004) Knowledge networks as channels and conduits: The effects of spillovers in the Boston biotechnology community. Organ. Sci. 15(1):5-21.
54. Owen-Smith J, Powell WW (2008) Networks and institutions. Greenwood R, Oliver C, Sahlin K, Suddaby R, eds. The Sage Handbook of Organizational Institutionalism (Sage, New York), 596-623.
55. Oxley JE, Sampson RC (2004) The scope and governance of international R&D alliances. Strategic Management J. 25(8-9):723-749.
56. Pakes A, Griliches Z (1984) Patents and R&D at the firm level: A first look. Griliches Z, ed. R&D, Patents, and Productivity (University of Chicago Press, Chicago), 55-71.
57. Park WG (2008) International patent protection: 1960-2005. Res. Policy 37(4):761-766.
58. Pollock TG, Porac JF, Wade JB (2004) Constructing deal networks: Brokers as network "architects" in the US IPO market and other examples. Acad. Management Rev. 29(1):50-72.
59. Powell WW, White DR, Koput KW, Owen-Smith J (2005) Network dynamics and field evolution: The growth of interorganizational collaboration in the life sciences. Amer. J. Sociol. 110(4):1132-1205.
60. Rangan S, Sengul M (2009) The influence of macro structure in the international realm: IGO interconnectedness, export dependence, and immigration links in the foreign market performance of transnational firms. Admin. Sci. Quart. 54(2):229-267.
61. Reagans R, Zuckerman EW (2001) Networks, diversity, and productivity: The social capital of corporate R&D teams. Organ. Sci. 12(4):502-517.
62. Rosenkopf L, Almeida P (2003) Overcoming local search through alliances and mobility. Management Sci. 49(6):751-766.
63. Rowley T, Behrens D, Krackhardt D (2000) Redundant governance structures: An analysis of structural and relational embeddedness in the steel and semiconductor industries. Strategic Management J. 21(3):369-386.
64. Ryall MD, Sorenson O (2007) Brokers and competitive advantage. Management Sci. 53(4):566-583.
65. Salancik GR (1995) Wanted: A good network theory of organization. Admin. Sci. Quart. 40(2):345-349.
66. Sampson RC (2007) R&D alliances and firm performance: The impact of technological diversity and alliance organization on innovation. Acad. Management J. 50(2):364-386.
67. Schmitter PC (1981) Interest intermediation and regime governability in contemporary Western Europe and North America. Berger SD, ed. Organizing Interests in Western Europe (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, MA), 122-146.
68. Schofer E, Fourcade-Gourinchas M (2001) The structural contexts of civic engagement: Voluntary association membership in comparative perspective. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 66(6):806-828.
69. Schumpeter J (1934) The Theory of Economic Development (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA).
70. Scott WR (2001) Institutions and Organizations (Sage, New York).
71. Shaver JM (2005) Testing for mediating variables in management research concerns, implications and alternative strategies. J. Management 31(3):330-353.
72. Shaver JM, Flyer F (2000) Agglomeration economies, firm heterogeneity, and foreign direct investment in the United States. Strategic Management J. 21(12):1175-1194.
73. Shipilov AV, Li SX (2008) Can you have your cake and eat it too? Structural holes' influence on status accumulation and market performance in collaborative networks. Admin. Sci. Quart. 53(1):73-108.
74. Spencer JW, Murtha TP, Lenway SA (2005) How governments matter to new industry creation. Acad. Management Rev. 30(2):321-337.
75. Stinchcombe AL (1965) Social structure and organizations. March JG, ed. Handbook of Organizations (Rand McNally, Chicago), 142-193. Stinchcombe AL (1968) Constructing Social Theories (University of Chicago Press, Chicago).
76. Stinchcombe AL (1968) Constructing Social Theories (University of Chicago Press, Chicago).
77. Swank D (2008) Tax policy in an era of internationalization: An assessment of a conditional diffusion model of the spread of neoliberalism. Simmons BA, Dobbin F, Garrett G, eds. The Global Diffusion of Markets and Democracy (Cambridge University Press, New York), 64-103.
78. Teece DJ, Pisano G, Shuen A (1997) Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management J. 18(7):509-533.
79. Tortoriello M, Krackhardt D (2010) Activating cross-boundary knowledge: The role of Simmelian ties in the generation of innovations. Acad. Management J. 53(1):167-181.
80. Trajtenberg M (1990) A penny for your quotes: Patent citations and the value of innovations. RAND J. Econom. 21(1):172-187.
81. Vasudeva G, Spencer JW, Teegen HJ (2013) Bringing the institutional context back in: A cross-national comparison of alliance partner selection and knowledge acquisition. Organ. Sci. 24(2):319-338.
82. Westney DE (1993) Institutionalization theory and the multinational corporation. Ghoshal S, Westney DE, eds. Organization Theory and the Multinational Corporation (St. Martin's Press, New York), 53-76.
83. Westphal JD, Gulati R, Shortell SM (1997) Customization or conformity? An institutional and network perspective on the content and consequences of TQM adoption. Admin. Sci. Quart. 42(2) 366-394.
84. White HC (1981) Where do markets come from. Amer. J. Sociol. 87(3):517-547.
85. Whittington KB, Owen-Smith J, Powell WW (2009) Networks, propinquity, and innovation in knowledge-intensive industries. Admin. Sci. Quart. 54(1):90-122.
86. Windolf P (2002) Corporate Networks in Europe and the United States (Oxford University Press, New York)
87. Wooldridge JM (2002) Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA).
88. Xiao Z, Tsui AS (2007) When brokers may not work: The cultural contingency of social capital in Chinese high-tech firms. Admin. Sci. Quart. 52(1):1-31.
89. Zaheer A, Hernandez E (2011) The geographic scope of the MNC and its alliance portfolio: Resolving the paradox of distance. Global Strategy J. 1(1):109-126.
90. Zaheer A, Soda G (2009) Network evolution: The origins of structural holes. Admin. Sci. Quart. 54(1):1-31.
91. Zelner BA (2009) Using simulation to interpret results from logit, probit, and other nonlinear models. Strategic Management J. 30(12):1335-1348.