Subbandgap asymmetric surface plasmon waveguide schottky detectors on silicon

IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics

Volumn 19, Issue 3, 2013, Pages

  Akbari, Ali ^a,b   Olivieri, Anthony ^a   Berini, Pierre ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA   (Canada)

^b INDUSTRY CANADA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Infrared; photodetector; photonics; plasmonics; Schottky; silicon; surface plasmon polariton

Indexed keywords

INFRARED WAVELENGTHS; INTERNAL PHOTOEMISSION; PLASMONICS; SCHOTTKY; SCHOTTKY BARRIERS; SCHOTTKY DETECTORS; SURFACE PLASMON POLARITONS; SURFACE PLASMON WAVEGUIDE;

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE POLARIZATION; INFRARED RADIATION; NANOPHOTONICS; OPTICAL INTERCONNECTS; PHOTODETECTORS; PHOTONICS; PLASMONS; SCHOTTKY BARRIER DIODES; SILICON; SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE;

SILICON DETECTORS;

EID: 84877748552     PISSN: 1077260X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2012.2213585     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. S. A. Maier, Plasmonics: Fundamentals and Applications. NewYork: Springer, 2007.
2. W. L. Barnes, A. Dereux, and T.W. Ebbesen, "Surface plasmon subwavelength optics," Nature, vol. 424, pp. 824-830, 2003. (Pubitemid 37021717)
3. A. Hohenau, J. R. Krenn, A. L. Stephanov, A. Drezet, H. Ditlbacher, B. Steinberger, A. Leitner, and F. R. Aussenegg, "Dielectric optical elements for surface plasmons," Opt. Lett., vol. 30, pp. 893-895, 2005. (Pubitemid 40567032)
4. P. Berini, "Plasmon-polariton waves guided by thin lossy metal films of finite width: Bound modes of symmetric structures," Phys. Rev. B, vol. 61, pp. 10484-10503, 2000.
5. T. Nikolajsen, K. Leosson, I. Salakhutdinov, and S. I. Bozhevolnyi, "Polymer-based surface-plasmon-polariton stripe waveguides at telecommunication wavelengths," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 82, pp. 668-670, 2003.
6. R. Charbonneau, C. Scales, I. Breukelaar, S. Fafard, N. Lahoud, G. Mattiussi, and P. Berini, "Passive integrated optics elements based on longranging surface plasmon polaritons," J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 24, pp. 477-494, 2006. (Pubitemid 46489153)
7. A. Boltasseva, T. Nikolajsen, K. Leosson, K. Kjaer, M. S. Larsen, and S. I. Bozhevolnyi, "Integrated optical components utilizing long-range surface plasmon polaritons," J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 23, pp. 413-422, 2005. (Pubitemid 40191743)
8. P. Berini, "Long-range surface plasmon-polaritons," Adv. Opt. Phot., vol. 1, pp. 484-588, 2009.
9. P. Berini, "Plasmon-polariton waves guided by thin lossy metal films of finite width: Bound modes of asymmetric structures," Phys. Rev. B, vol. 63, 125417, 2001.
10. R. Zia, M. D. Selker, and M. L. Brongersma, "Leaky and bound modes of surface plasmon waveguides," Phys. Rev. B, vol. 71, 165431, 2005.
11. J.-C. Weeber, J. R. Krenn, A. Dereux, B. Lamprecht, Y. Lacroute, and J. P. Goudonnet, "Near-field observation of surface plasmon polariton propagation on thin metal stripes," Phys. Rev. B, vol. 64, 045411, 2001.
12. E. Verhagen, A. Polman, and L. Kuipers, "Nanofocusing in laterally tapered plasmonic waveguides," Opt. Express, vol. 16, pp. 45-57, 2008.
13. S. M. Sze and K. K. Ng, Physics of Semiconductor Devices. NewYork: Wiley, 2006.
14. B. L. Sharma, Metal-Semiconductor Schottky Barrier Junctions and Their Applications. New York: Plenum, 1984.
15. M. Casalino, G. Coppola, M. Iodice, I. Rendina, and L. Sirleto, "Nearinfrared sub-bandgap all-silicon photodetectors: State of the art and perspectives," Sensors, vol. 10, pp. 10571-10600, 2012.
16. H. Elabd and W. F. Kosonocky, "Theory and measurements of photoresponse for thin film Pd2Si and PtSi infrared Schottky-barrier detectors with optical cavity," RCA Review, vol. 43, pp. 569-589, 1982. (Pubitemid 13486370)
17. M. Casalino, L. Sirleto, L.Moretti, M. Gioffr̀e, G. Coppola, and I.Rendina, "Silicon resonant cavity enhanced photodetector based on the internal photoemission effect at 1.55 μm: Fabrication and characterization," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 92, 251104, 2008.
18. S. R. J. Brueck, V. Diadiuk, T. Jones, and W. Lenth, "Enhanced quantum efficiency internal photoemission detectors by grating coupling to surface plasma waves," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 46, pp. 915-917, 1985.
19. C. Daboo, M. J. Baird, H. P. Hughes, N. Apsley, and M. T. Emeny, "Improved surface plasmon enhanced photodetection at anAu-GaAs Schottky junction using a novelmolecular beam epitaxy grown Otto coupling structure," Thin Solid Films, vol. 201, pp. 9-27, 1991. (Pubitemid 21666320)
20. I. R. Tamm, P. Dawson, M. A. Pate, R. Grey, and G. Hill, "Photosignal enhancement in AlGaAs diodes due to surface plasmons and guided wave modes," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 74, pp. 7481-7487, 1993.
21. C. Scales, I. Breukelaar, and P. Berini, "Surface-plasmon Schottky contact detector based on a symmetric metal stripe in silicon," Opt. Lett., vol. 35, pp. 529-531, 2009.
22. A. Akbari and P. Berini, "Schottky contact surface-plasmon detector integrated with an asymmetric metal stripe waveguide," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 95, 021104, 2009.
23. A. Akbari, R.N. Tait, and P. Berini, "Surface plasmonwaveguide Schottky detector," Opt. Express, vol. 18, pp. 8505-8514, 2010.
24. P. Berini, A. Olivieri, and C. Chen, "Thin Au surface plasmon waveguide Schottky detectors on p-Si," Nanotechnol., to be published.
25. S. Zhu, G. Q. Lo, and D. L. Kwong, "Theoretical investigation of silicide Schottky barrier detector integrated in horizontal metal-insulator- siliconinsulator-metal nanoplasmonic slot waveguide," Opt. Express, vol. 19, pp. 15843-15854, 2011.
26. I. Goykhman, B. Desiatov, J. Khurgin, J. Shappir, and U. Levy, "Locally oxidized silicon surface-plasmon schottky detector for telecom regime," Nano Lett., vol. 11, pp. 2219-2224, 2011.
27. M.W. Knight,H. Sobhani, P.Nordlander, andN. J.Halas, "Photodetection with active optical antennas," Science, vol. 332, pp. 702-704, 2011.
28. E. S. Barnard, R. A. Pala, and M. L. Brongersma, "Photocurrent mapping of near-field optical antenna resonances," Nat. Nanotechnol., vol. 6, pp. 588-593, 2011.
29. C. Scales and P. Berini, "Thin-film Schottky barrier photodetector models," IEEE J. Quant. Electr., vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 633-643, May 2010.
30. R. N. Stuart, F.Wooten, andW. E. Spicer, "Mean free path of hot electrons and holes in metals," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 10, pp. 7-10, 1963.
31. J. J. Quinn, "Range of excited electrons in metals," Phys. Rev., vol. 126, pp. 1453-1457, 1962.
32. P. Kramer and L. J. van Ruyven, "Position of the band edges of silicon under uniaxial stress," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 20, pp. 420-422, 1972.
33. Comsol Multiphysics. [online]. Available: www.comsol.com
34. E. D. Palik, Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, 1985.
35. A. B. Buckman, Guided-Wave Photonics. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1992.
36. Oz Optics, Tapered PM Optical Fiber (TPMJ-X-1550-8/125-0.4-10-2.5-14-1) [online]. Available: www.ozoptics.com