Effects of competition on phylogenetic signal and phenotypic plasticity in plant functional traits

Ecology

Volumn 93, Issue 8 SPEC. ISSUE, 2012, Pages

  Burns, Jean H ^a,b   Strauss, Sharon Y ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Character displacement; Community assembly; Community phylogenetics; Convergence; Phylogenetic signal; Phylogeny; Plasticity; Root: shoot ratio; Specific leaf area, SLA; Trait divergence

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE RADIATION; CHARACTER DISPLACEMENT; CONSPECIFIC; CONVERGENCE; DIVERGENCE; GENE EXPRESSION; LEAF AREA; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; PHYLOGENETICS; PHYLOGENY; ROOT-SHOOT RATIO; SIGNAL; SOIL TYPE; SPECIES DIVERSITY;

EID: 84875748086     PISSN: 00129658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/11-0401.1     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Abrams, P. A. 1986. Character displacement and niche shift analyzed using consumer-resource models of competition. Theoretical Population Biology 29:107-160.
2. Ackerly, D. D. 2003. Community assembly, niche conservatism, and adaptive evolution in changing environments. International Journal of Plant Sciences 164:S165-S184.
3. Ackerly, D. 2004. Functional strategies of chaparral shrubs in relation to seasonal water deficit and disturbance. Ecological Monographs 74:25-44.
4. Albert, C. H., W. Thuiller, N. G. Yoccoz, R. Douzet, S. Aubert, and S. Lavorel. 2010. A multi-trait approach reveals the structure and the relative importance of intra-vs. interspecific variability in plant traits. Functional Ecology 24:1192-1201.
5. Anten, N. P. R., and T. Hirose. 1999. Interspecific differences in above-ground growth patterns result in spatial and temporal partitioning of light among species in a tall-grass meadow. Journal of Ecology 87:583-597.
6. Armas, C., R. Ordiales, and F. I. Pugnaire. 2004. Measuring plant interactions: a new comparative index. Ecology 85:2682-2686.
7. Ashton, I. W., A. E. Miller, W. D. Bowman, and K. N. Suding. 2010. Niche complementarity due to plasticity in resource use: plant partitioning of chemical N forms. Ecology 91:3252-3260.
8. Bever, J. D. 2003. Soil community feedback and the coexistence of competitors: conceptual frameworks and empirical tests. New Phytologist 157:465-473.
9. Blomberg, S. P., T. Garland, and A. R. Ives. 2003. Testing for phylogenetic signal in comparative data: Behavioral traits are more labile. Evolution 57:717-745.
10. Brandt, A. J., E. W. Seabloom, and P. R. Hosseini. 2009. Phylogeny and provenance affect plant-soil feedbacks in invaded California grasslands. Ecology 90:1063-1072.
11. Brown, W. L., and E. O. Wilson. 1956. Character displacement. Systematic Zoology 5:49-65.
12. Burnham, K. P., and D. Anderson. 2002. Model selection and multi-model inference: a practical information-theoretic approach. Second edition. Springer, New York, New York, USA.
13. Burns, J. H., and S. Y. Strauss. 2011. More closely related species are more ecologically similar in an experimental test. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 108:5302-5307.
14. Cadotte, M. W., J. Cavender-Bares, D. Tilman, and T. H. Oakley. 2009. Using phylogenetic, functional and trait diversity to understand patterns of plant community productivity. PLoS ONE 4:e5695.
15. Cavender-Bares, J. 2007. Chilling and freezing stress in live oaks (Quercus section Virentes): intra-and inter-specific variation in PSII sensitivity corresponds to latitude of origin. Photosynthesis Research 94:437-453.
16. Cavender-Bares, J., A. Keen, and B. Miles. 2006. Phylogenetic structure of floridian plant communities depends on taxo-nomic and spatial scale. Ecology 87(Supplement):S109-S122.
17. Cavender-Bares, J., K. Kitajima, and F. A. Bazzaz. 2004. Multiple trait associations in relation to habitat differentiation among 17 oak species in North Central Florida. Ecological Monographs 74:635-662.
18. Chapin, F. S., III, K. Autumn, and F. Pugnaire. 1993. Evolution of suites of traits in response to environmental-stress. American Naturalist 142:S78-S92.
19. Clark, J. S. 2010. Individuals and the variation needed for high species diversity in forest trees. Science 327:1129-1132.
20. Clark, J. S., et al. 2010. High-dimensional coexistence based on individual variation: a synthesis of evidence. Ecological Monographs 80:569-608.
21. Cornelissen, J. H. C., S. Lavorel, E. Garnier, S. Diaz, N. Buchmann, D. E. Gurvich, P. B. Reich, H. ter Steege, H. D. Morgan, M. G. A. van der Heijden, J. G. Pausas, and H. Poorter. 2003. A handbook of protocols for standardised and easy measurement of plant functional traits worldwide. Australian Journal of Botany 51:335-380.
22. Cornwell, W. K., and D. D. Ackerly. 2009. Community assembly and shifts in plant trait distributions across an environmental gradient in coastal California. Ecological Monographs 79:109-126.
23. Darwin, C. 1859. On the origin of species. First edition. John Murray, London, UK.
24. Davies, S. J. 2001. Tree mortality and growth in 11 sympatric Macaranga species in Borneo. Ecology 82:920-932.
25. Davies, T. J., S. Meiri, T. G. Barraclough, and J. L. Gittleman. 2007. Species co-existence and character divergence across carnivores. Ecology Letters 10:146-152.
26. Dayan, T., and D. Simberloff. 2005. Ecological and community-wide character displacement: the next generation. Ecology Letters 8:875-894.
27. De Meester, L., A. Gomez, B. Okamura, and K. Schwenk. 2002. The Monopolization Hypothesis and the dispersal-gene flow paradox in aquatic organisms. Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology 23:121-135.
28. Dent, D. H., and D. Burslem. 2009. Performance trade-offs driven by morphological plasticity contribute to habitat specialization of Bornean tree species. Biotropica 41:424-434.
29. Edgar, R. C. 2004a. MUSCLE: a multiple sequence alignment method with reduced time and space complexity. BMC Bioinformatics 5:1-19.
30. Edgar, R. C. 2004b. MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research 32:1792-1797.
31. Ehrenfeld, J. G., B. Ravit, and K. Elgersma. 2005. Feedback in the plant-soil system. Annual Review of Environmental Resources 30:75-115.
32. Fox, J., and D. Vasseur. 2008. Character convergence under competition for nutritionally essential resources. American Naturalist 172:667-680.
33. Fridley, J. D., and J. P. Grime. 2010. Community and ecosystem effects of intraspecific genetic diversity in grassland microcosms of varying species diversity. Ecology 91:2272-2283.
34. Fridley, J. D., J. P. Grime, and M. Bilton. 2007. Genetic identity of interspecific neighbours mediates plant responses to competition and environmental variation in a species-rich grassland. Journal of Ecology 95:908-915.
35. Grant, P. R. 1972. Convergent and divergent character displacement. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 4:39-68.
36. Grime, J. P. 1974. Vegetation classification by reference to strategies. Nature 250:26-31.
37. Hespenheide, H. A. 1973. A novel mimicry complex: beetles and flies. Journal of Entomology Series A, General Entomology 48:49.
38. Hubbell, S. P. 2001. The unified neutral theory of biodiversity and biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
39. Hughes, A. R., and J. J. Stachowicz. 2004. Genetic diversity enhances the resistance of a seagrass ecosystem to disturbance. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 101:8998-9002.
40. Hulshof, C. M., and N. G. Swenson. 2010. Variation in leaf functional trait values within and across individuals and species: an example from a Costa Rican dry forest. Functional Ecology 24:217-223.
41. Jung, V., C. Violle, C. Mondy, L. Hoffmann, and S. Muller. 2010. Intraspecific variability and trait-based community assembly. Journal of Ecology 98:1134-1140.
42. Klironomos, J. N. 2002. Feedback with soil biota contributes to plant rarity and invasiveness in communities. Nature 417:67-70.
43. Knouft, J. H. 2003. Convergence, divergence, and the effect of congeners on body size ratios in stream fishes. Evolution 57:2374-2382.
44. Kozak, K. H., R. W. Mendyk, and J. J. Wiens. 2009. Can parallel diversification occur in sypatry? Repeated patterns of body-size evolution in coexisting clades of North American salamanders. Evolution 63:1769-1784.
45. Kraft, N. J. B., and D. D. Ackerly. 2010. Functional trait and phylogenetic tests of community assembly across spatial scales in an Amazonian forest. Ecological Monographs 80:401-422.
46. Lankau, R. 2008. A chemical trait creates a genetic trade-off between intra-and interspecific competitive ability. Ecology 89:1181-1187.
47. Lankau, R. A., and S. Y. Strauss. 2008. Community complexity drives patterns of natural selection on a chemical defense of Brassica nigra. American Naturalist 171:150-161.
48. Lusk, C. H., P. B. Reich, R. A. Montgomery, D. D. Ackerly, and J. Cavender-Bares. 2008. Why are evergreen leaves so contrary about shade? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 23:299-303.
49. MacArthur, R., and R. Levins. 1967. Limiting similarity convergence and divergence of coexisting species. American Naturalist 101:377-385.
50. Maddison, D., and W. Maddison. 2005. MacClade 4. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
51. Martins, E. P., and T. F. Hansen. 1997. Phylogenies and the comparative method: A general approach to incorporating phylogenetic information into the analysis of interspecific data. American Naturalist 149:646-667.
52. Matocq, M. D., and P. J. Murphy. 2007. Fine-scale phenotypic change across a species transition zone in the genus Neotoma: Disentangling independent evolution from phylo-genetic history. Evolution 61:2544-2557.
53. Mayfield, M. M., and J. M. Levine. 2010. Opposing effects of competitive exclusion on the phylogenetic structure of communities. Ecology Letters 13:1085-1093.
54. Messier, J., B. J. McGill, and M. J. Lechowicz. 2010. How do traits vary across ecological scales? A case for trait-based ecology. Ecology Letters 13:838-848.
55. 4 bunchgrass, and a CAM leaf succulent. American Journal of Botany 84:949-955.
56. Packer, A., and K. Clay. 2000. Soil pathogens and spatial patterns of seedling mortality in a temperate tree. Nature 404:278-281.
57. Paradis, E., J. Claude, and K. Strimmer. 2004. APE: analyses of phylogenetics and evolution in R language. Bioinformatics 20:289-290.
58. Pfennig, D. W., and R. A. Martin. 2009. A maternal effect mediates rapid population divergence and character displacement in spadefoot toads. Evolution 63:898-909.
59. Pfennig, D. W., and P. J. Murphy. 2002. How fluctuating competition and phenotypic plasticity mediate species divergence. Evolution 56:1217-1228.
60. Pfennig, D. W., and P. J. Murphy. 2003. A test of alternative hypotheses for character divergence between coexisting species. Ecology 84:1288-1297.
61. Pfennig, D. W., and K. S. Pfennig. 2010. Character displacement and the origins of diversity. American Naturalist 176:S26-S44.
62. Pfennig, D. W., A. M. Rice, and R. A. Martin. 2006. Ecological opportunity and phenotypic plasticity interact to promote character displacement and species coexistence. Ecology 87:769-779.
63. R Development Core Team. 2008. R statistics. Page R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
64. Robinson, B. W., and D. S. Wilson. 1994. Character release and displacement in fishes: a neglected literature. American Naturalist 144:596-627.
65. Ruber, L., and D. C. Adams. 2001. Evolutionary convergence of body shape and trophic morphology in cichlids from Lake Tanganyika. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 14:325-332.
66. SAS Institute. 2009. JMP. SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA.
67. Scheffer, M., and E. H. van Nes. 2006. Self-organized similarity, the evolutionary emergence of groups of similar species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 103:6230-6235.
68. Scheiner, S. M., and R. F. Lyman. 1989. The genetics of phenotypic plasticity. 1. Heritability. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2:95-107.
69. Siepielski, A. M., K. L. Hung, E. E. B. Bein, and M. A. McPeek. 2010. Experimental evidence for neutral community dynamics governing an insect assemblage. Ecology 91:847-857.
70. Swenson, N. G. 2009. Herbaceous monocot plant form and function along a tropical rain-forest light gradient: a reversal of dicot strategy. Journal of Tropical Ecology 25:569.
71. Swenson, N. G., and B. J. Enquist. 2009. Opposing assembly mechanisms in a Neotropical dry forest: implications for phylogenetic and functional community ecology. Ecology 90:2161-2170.
72. te Beest, M., N. Stevens, H. Olff, and W. H. van der Putten. 2009. Plant-soil feedback induces shifts in biomass allocation in the invasive plant Chromolaena odorata. Journal of Ecology 97:1281-1290.
73. Vellend, M. 2006. The consequences of genetic diversity in competitive communities. Ecology 87:304-311.
74. Webb, C. O., D. D. Ackerly, M. A. McPeek, and M. J. Donoghue. 2002. Phylogenies and community ecology. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 33:475-505.
75. Webb, C. T., J. A. Hoeting, G. M. Ames, M. I. Pyne, and N. L. Poff. 2010. A structured and dynamic framework to advance traits-based theory and prediction in ecology. Ecology Letters 13:267-283.
76. Weerasinghe, S. M., C. Chandrasekara, G. Seneviratne, C. V. S. Gunatilleke, and I. Gunatilleke. 2010. Growth variations of edaphic specialist species in a reciprocal pot experiment in Sri Lanka. Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka 38:171-179.
77. Wilson, S. D., and D. Tilman. 1993. Plant competition and resource availability in response to disturbance and fertilization. Ecology 74:599-611.
78. Zwickl, D. J. 2006. Genetic algorithm approaches for the phylogenetic analysis of large biological sequence datasets under the maximum likelihood criterion. Dissertation. University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA.