Linking childhood obesity to the built environment: A multi-level analysis of home and school neighbourhood factors associated with body mass index

Canadian Journal of Public Health

Volumn 103, Issue SUPPL. 3, 2012, Pages

  Gilliland, Jason A ^a,b   Rangel, Claudia Y ^a   Healy, Martin A ^a   Tucker, Patricia ^a   Loebach, Janet E ^a   Hess, Paul M ^c   He, Meizi ^d   Irwin, Jennifer D ^a   Wilk, Piotr ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

^b CHILDREN S HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^d UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT SAN ANTONIO   (United States)

Author keywords

Adolescent; Child; Diet; Environment; Obesity; Recreation

Indexed keywords

EID: 84874277502     PISSN: 00084263     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/bf03403830     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Analytic Studies and Reports. Nutrition: Findings from the Canadian Community Health Survey, Issue 1. Measured Obesity: Overweight Canadian Children and Adolescents. Ottawa, ON: Statistics Canada, 2005.
2. Tremblay MS, Shields M, Laviolette M, Craig CL, Janssen I, Grober SC. Fitness of Canadian children and youth: Results from the 2007-2009 Canadian Health Measures Survey. Health Rep 2010;21:1-14.
3. Ball G, McCargar L. Childhood obesity in Canada: A review of prevalence estimates and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Can J Appl Physiol 2003;28:117-40.
4. Figueroa-Munoz JI, Chinn S, Rona RJ. Association between obesity and asthma in 4-11 year old children in the UK. Thorax 2001;56:133-37.
5. Williams J, Wake M, Hesketh K, Maher F, Waters E. Health-related quality of life of overweight and obese children. JAMA 2005;293:70-76.
6. Sjöberg RL, Nilsson KW, Leppert J. Obesity, shame, and depression in schoolaged children: A population-based study. Pediatrics 2005;116:e389-e392.
7. Frumkin H, Frank L, Jackson R. Urban Sprawl and Public Health: Designing, Planning, and Building for Healthy Communities. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2004.
8. Popkin BM, Duffey K, Gordon-Larsen P. Environmental influences on food choice, physical activity and energy balance. Physiol Behav 2005;86:603-13.
9. Giles-Corti B, Timperio A, Bull F, Pikora T. Understanding physical activity environmental correlates: Increased specificity for ecological models. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2005;33:175-81.
10. Leatherdale S, Papadakis S. A multi-level examination of the association between older social models in the school environment and overweight and obesity among younger students. J Youth Adolesc 2011;40:361-72.
11. Binkley JK, Eales J, Jekanowski M. The relation between dietary change and rising US obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000;24:1032-39.
12. Maddock J. The relationship between obesity and the prevalence of fast food restaurants: State-level analysis. Am J Health Promot 2004;19:137-43.
13. Morland K, Diez Roux AV, Wing S. Supermarkets, other food stores, and obesity: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Am J Prev Med 2006;30:333-39.
14. Harris JL, Pomeranz JL, Lobstein T, Brownell KD. A crisis in the marketplace: How food marketing contributes to childhood obesity and what can be done. Annu Rev Public Health 2009;30:211-25.
15. Datar A, Nicosia N. Junk Food in Schools and Childhood Obesity: Much Ado About Nothing? Working Paper. RAND Labor and Population, March 2009.
16. Fox MK, Hedley Dodd A, Wilson A, Gleason PM. Association between school food environment and practices and body mass index of US public school children. J Am Diet Assoc 2009;109(2):S108-S117.
17. Utter J, Scragg R, Percival T, Beaglehole R. School is back in New Zealand-and so is the junk food. N Z Med J 2009;122(1290):5-8.
18. Cannuscio CC, Weiss EE, Asch DA. The contribution of urban foodways to health disparities. J Urban Health 2010;87(3):381-93.
19. Zenk SN, Powell LM. US secondary schools and food outlets. Health & Place 2008;14:336-46.
20. thEd. Toronto, ON: Oxford University Press, 2010.
21. Reidpath DD, Burns C, Garrard J, Mahoney M, Townsend M. An ecological study of the relationship between social and environmental determinants of obesity. Health & Place 2002;8:141-45.
22. Smoyer-Tomic KE, Spence JC, Raine KD, Amrhein C, Cameron N, Yasenovskiy V, et al. The association between neighbourhood socioeconomic status and exposure to supermarkets and fast food outlets. Health & Place 2008;14:740-54.
23. He M, Tucker P, Gilliland J, Irwin JD, Larsen K, Hess P. The influence of local food environments on adolescents' food purchasing behaviors. Int J Environ Public Health 2011;8:doi:10.3390/ijperh812
24. He M, Tucker P, Irwin JD, Gilliland J, Larsen K, Hess P. Obesogenic neighbourhoods: The impact of neighbourhood restaurants and convenience stores on adolescents' food consumption behaviours. Public Health Nutr 2012; doi:10.1017/S1368980012000584.
25. Seliske LM, Pickett W, Boyce WF, Janssen I. Association between the food retail environment surrounding schools and overweight in Canadian youth. Public Health Nutr 2009;12:1384-91.
26. Janssen I, LeBlanc AG. Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2010;7:40.
27. Colley RC, Garriguet D, Janssen I, Craig CL, Clarke J, Tremblay MS. Physical activity of Canadian children and youth: Accelerometer results from the 2007 to 2009 Canadian Health Measures Survey. Health Rep 2011;22:1-10.
28. Tucker P, Irwin J, Gilliland J, Larsen K, He M, Hess P. Environmental influences on physical activity levels in youth. Health & Place 2009;15:357-63.
29. Huston SL, Evenson KR, Bors P, Gizlice Z. Neighborhood environment, access to places for activity, and leisure-time physical activity in a diverse North Carolina population. Am J Health Promot 2003;18:58-69.
30. Hume C, Salmon J, Ball K. Children's perceptions of their home and neighborhood environments, and their association with objectively measured physical activity: A qualitative and quantitative study. Health Educ Res 2005;20:1-13.
31. Frank L, Kerr J, Chapman J, Sallis JF. Urban form relationships with walk trip frequency and distance among youth. Am J Health Promot 2007;21:305-11.
32. Wolch J, Wilson JP, Fehrenbach J. Parks and park funding in Los Angeles: An equity-mapping analysis. Urban Geogr 2005;26:4-35.
33. Gilliland J, Holmes M, Irwin JD, Tucker P. Environmental equity is child's play: Mapping public provision of recreation opportunities in urban neighbourhoods. Vulnerable Children & Youth Studies 2006;1:256-68.
34. Tremblay MS, Katzmarzyk PT, Willms JD. Temporal trends in overweight and obesity in Canada, 1981-1996. Int J Obes 2002;26(4):538-43.
35. World Health Organization. Growth Reference Data for 5-19 years, 2007. Available at: http://www.who.int/growthref/en/ (Accessed December 10, 2011).
36. Bow CJD, Waters NM, Faris PD, Seidel JE, Galbraith PD, Knudtson ML, et al. Accuracy of city postal code coordinates as a proxy for location of residence. Int J Health Geogr 2004;3:5.
37. Healy M, Gilliland J. Quantifying the magnitude of environmental exposure misclassification when using imprecise address proxies in public health research. Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology 2012; doi:10.1016/j.sste.2012.02.006.
38. Muthén LK, Muthén BO. Mplus User's Guide, Sixth Edition. Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén, 2010.
39. Leatherdale ST, Pouliou T, Church D, Hobin E. The association between overweight and opportunity structures in the built environment: A multi-level analysis among elementary school youth in the PLAY-ON study. Int J Public Health 2011;56:237-46.
40. Loebach J, Gilliland J. Child guides: Exploring the use of child-led tours to uncover perceptions and use of neighbourhood environments. Children, Youth and Environments 2010;20(1):52-90.
41. Tucker P, Irwin JD, Gilliland, J, He M. Adolescents' perspective of home, school and neighborhood environmental influences on physical activity and dietary behaviors. Children, Youth and Environments 2008;18(2):12-35.
42. Mitra R, Buliung R. Built environment correlates of active school transportation: Neighborhood and the modifiable areal unit problem. J Transport Geogr 2012;20:57-58.
43. Duvalla CS, Howard PH, Goldsberry K. Apples and oranges? Classifying food retailers in a midwestern US city based on the availability of fresh produce. J Hunger & Environ Nutr 2010;5(4):526-41.
44. Liese AD, Colabianchi N, Lamichhane AP, Barnes TL, Hibbert JD, Porter DE, et al. Validation of 3 food outlet databases: Completeness and geospatial accuracy in rural and urban food environments. Am J Epidemiol 2010;172:1324-33.
45. Jeffery RW, Baxter J, McGuire M, Linde J. Are fast food restaurants an environmental risk factor for obesity? Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2006;3:2.
46. Alter DA, Eny K. The relationship between the supply of fast-food chains and cardiovascular outcomes. Can J Public Health 2005;96(3):173-77.
47. Reilly JJ, Dorosty AR, Emmett PM. Identification of the obese child: Adequacy of the body mass index for clinical practice and epidemiology. Int J Obes 2000;24(12):1623-27.
48. Scholtens S, Brunekreef B, Visscher T, Smit HA, Kerkhof M, de Jongste JC, et al. Reported versus measured body weight and height of 4-year-old children and the prevalence of overweight. Eur J Public Health 2007;17(4):369-74.
49. Larsen K, Gilliland J, Hess P, Tucker P, Irwin J, He M. The influence of the physical environment and sociodemographic characteristics on children's mode of travel to and from school. Am J Public Health 2009;99(3):520-26.