Mechanistic aspects of inflammation and clinical management of inflammation in acute gouty arthritis

Journal of Clinical Rheumatology

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 19-29

  Cronstein, Bruce N ^a   Sunkureddi, Prashanth ^b  

^a NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b Clear Lake Rheumatology   (United States)

Author keywords

anakinra; biologic agents; canakinumab; gouty arthritis; inflammation; Interleukin 1A; mechanism of action; rilonacept; safety

Indexed keywords

ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; CANAKINUMAB; CELL ADHESION MOLECULE; CIMETIDINE; CLARITHROMYCIN; COLCHICINE; CYCLOOXYGENASE 2; CYTOCHROME P450 3A4; ENDOTHELIAL LEUKOCYTE ADHESION MOLECULE 1; ERYTHROMYCIN; FLUOXETINE; GLUCOCORTICOID; GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; ICOSANOID; INDINAVIR; INFLAMMASOME; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; MEMBRANE PROTEIN; NEFAZODONE; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PAROXETINE; RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; RILONACEPT; TOLBUTAMIDE; URATE;

ABDOMINAL PAIN; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; BIOLOGICAL THERAPY; BONE MARROW SUPPRESSION; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CELL ADHESION; DEPRESSION; DIARRHEA; DISEASE COURSE; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG PROTEIN BINDING; DRUG SAFETY; ENDOTHELIUM CELL; FATIGUE; GOUT; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INFLAMMATION; INFLAMMATORY CELL; LIVER CLEARANCE; LYSOSOME; MACROPHAGE; MICROTUBULE; MYOPATHY; NEUROPATHY; NEUTROPHIL; PHAGOCYTOSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; ULCER; UPREGULATION; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM;

ACUTE DISEASE; ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL; ARTHRITIS, GOUTY; CARRIER PROTEINS; COLCHICINE; DISEASE MANAGEMENT; GLUCOCORTICOIDS; GOUT SUPPRESSANTS; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; INTERLEUKIN-1BETA;

EID: 84874162590     PISSN: 10761608     EISSN: 15367355     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/RHU.0b013e31827d8790     Document Type: Review

References (92)

1. Garrod AB. Researches on gout. Part I. The urine in the different forms of gout. Part II. The influence of colchicum upon the urine. Med Chir Trans. 1858;41:325-360.
2. Steele AD, McCarty DJ Jr. An experimental model of acute inflammation in man. Arthritis Rheum. 1966;9:430-442.
3. Ricciotti E, FitzGerald GA. Prostaglandins and inflammation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2011;31:986-1000.
4. Di Giovine FS, Malawista SE, Nuki G, et al. Interleukin 1 (IL 1) as a mediator of crystal arthritis. Stimulation of T cell and synovial fibroblast mitogenesis by urate crystalYinduced IL 1. J Immunol. 1987;138:3213-3218.
5. Di Giovine FS, Malawista SE, Thornton E, et al. Urate crystals stimulate production of tumor necrosis factor alpha from human blood monocytes and synovial cells. Cytokine mRNA and protein kinetics, and cellular distribution. J Clin Invest. 1991;87:1375-1381.
6. 2 mediated by constitutive cyclooxygenase 2 in human neutrophils stimulated by urate crystals. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;48:1137-1148.
7. Cronstein BN, Weissmann G. The adhesion molecules of inflammation. Arthritis Rheum. 1993;36:147-157.
8. Martinon F, Pétrilli V, Mayor A, et al. Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome. Nature. 2006;440:237-241.
9. Terkeltaub R, Baird S, Sears P, et al. The murine homolog of the interleukin-8 receptor CXCR-2 is essential for the occurrence of neutrophilic inflammation in the air pouch model of acute urate crystalYinduced gouty synovitis. Arthritis Rheum. 1998;41:900-909.
10. Baker JF, Schumacher HR. Update on gout and hyperuricemia. Int J Clin Pract. 2010;64:371-377.
11. Neogi T. Clinical practice. Gout. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:443-452.
12. Martin WJ, Walton M, Harper J. Resident macrophages initiating and driving inflammation in a monosodium urate monohydrate crystalYinduced murine peritoneal model of acute gout. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;60:281-289.
13. Schiltz C, Lioté F, Prudhommeaux F, et al. Monosodium urate monohydrate crystalYinduced inflammation in vivo: quantitative histomorphometric analysis of cellular events. Arthritis Rheum. 2002;46:1643-1650.
14. Ortiz-Bravo E, Sieck MS, Schumacher HR Jr. Changes in the proteins coating monosodium urate crystals during active and subsiding inflammation. Immunogold studies of synovial fluid from patients with gout and of fluid obtained using the rat subcutaneous air pouch model. Arthritis Rheum. 1993;36:1274-1285.
15. Cherian PV, Schumacher HR Jr. Immunochemical and ultrastructural characterization of serum proteins associated with monosodium urate crystals (MSU) in synovial fluid cells from patients with gout. Ultrastruct Pathol. 1986;10:209-219.
16. Russell IJ, Papaioannou C, McDuffie FC, et al. Effect of IgG and C-reactive protein on complement depletion by monosodium urate crystals. J Rheumatol. 1983;10:425-433.
17. Hasselbacher P, Schumacher HR. Immunoglobulin in tophi and on the surface of monosodium urate crystals. Arthritis Rheum. 1978;21:353-361.
18. Naff GB, Byers PH. Complement as a mediator of inflammation in acute gouty arthritis. I. Studies on the reaction between human serum complement and sodium urate crystals. J Lab Clin Med. 1973;81:747-760.
19. Tramontini N, Huber C, Liu-Bryan R, et al. Central role of complement membrane attack complex in monosodium urate crystalYinduced neutrophilic rabbit knee synovitis. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;50:2633-2639.
20. Scott P, Ma H, Viriyakosol S, et al. Engagement of CD14 mediates the inflammatory potential of monosodium urate crystals. J Immunol. 2006;177:6370-6378.
21. Joosten LA, Netea MG, Fantuzzi G, et al. Inflammatory arthritis in caspase 1 geneYdeficient mice: contribution of proteinase 3 to caspase 1Yindependent production of bioactive interleukin-1beta. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;60:3651-3662.
22. Dinarello CA. Interleukin-1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory diseases [published online ahead of print February 8, 2011]. Blood. 2011;117:3720-3732.
23. Dinarello CA. How interleukin-1A induces gouty arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62:3140-3144.
24. Joosten LA, Netea MG, Mylona E, et al. Engagement of fatty acids with Toll-like receptor 2 drives interleukin-1A production via the ASC/caspase 1 pathway in monosodium urate monohydrate crystalYinduced gouty arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62:3237-3248.
25. Martinez RV, Reval M, Campos MD, et al. Involvement of peripheral cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 in inflammatory pain. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2002;54:405-412.
26. Pouliot M, James MJ, McColl SR, et al. Monosodium urate microcrystals induce cyclooxygenase-2 in human monocytes. Blood. 1998;91:1769-1776.
27. Hasselbacher P. Stimulation of synovial fibroblasts by calcium oxalate and monosodium urate monohydrate. A mechanism of connective tissue degradation in oxalosis and gout. J Lab Clin Med. 1982;100:977-985.
28. McMillan RM, Hasselbacher P, Hahn JL, et al. Interactions of murine macrophages with monosodium urate crystals: stimulation of lysosomal enzyme release and prostaglandin synthesis. J Rheumatol. 1981;8:555-562.
29. So A, De Smedt T, Revaz S, et al. A pilot study of IL-1 inhibition by anakinra in acute gout. Arthritis Res Ther. 2007;9:R28.
30. Singh D, Huston KK. IL-1 inhibition with anakinra in a patient with refractory gout. J Clin Rheumatol. 2009;15:366.
31. Terkeltaub R, Sundy JS, Schumacher HR, et al. The interleukin 1 inhibitor rilonacept in treatment of chronic gouty arthritis: results of a placebo-controlled, monosequence crossover, non-randomised, single-blind pilot study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68:1613-1617.
32. So A, De Meulemeester M, Pikhlak A, et al. Canakinumab for the treatment of acute flares in difficult-to-treat gouty arthritis: results of a multicenter, phase II, dose-ranging study. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62:3064-3076.
33. Neogi T. Interleukin-1 antagonism in acute gout: is targeting a single cytokine the answer? Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62:2845-2849.
34. Chen CJ, Shi Y, Hearn A, et al. MyD88-dependent IL-1 receptor signaling is essential for gouty inflammation stimulated by monosodium urate crystals. J Clin Invest. 2006;116:2262-2271.
35. Yagnik DR, Evans BJ, Florey O, et al. Macrophage release of transforming growth factor A1 during resolution of monosodium urate monohydrate crystalYinduced inflammation. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;50:2273-2280.
36. Savill JS, Wyllie AH, Henson JE, et al. Macrophage phagocytosis of aging neutrophils in inflammation. Programmed cell death in the neutrophil leads to its recognition by macrophages. J Clin Invest. 1989;83:865-875.
37. Sunkureddi P. Gouty arthritis: understanding the disease state and management options in primary care. Adv Ther. 2011;28:748-760.
38. Terkeltaub RA, Furst DE, Bennett K, et al. High versus low dosing of oral colchicine for early acute gout flare: twenty-four-hour outcome of the first multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-comparison colchicine study. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62:1060-1068.
39. Gonzalez EB. An update on the pathology and clinical management of gouty arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2012;31:13-21.
40. Janssens HJ, Lucassen PL, Van de Laar FA, et al. Systemic corticosteroids for acute gout. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008:CD005521.
41. Zhang W, Doherty M, Bardin T, et al. EULAR evidence based recommendations for gout. Part II: management. Report of a task force of the EULAR Standing Committee for International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutics (ESCISIT). Ann Rheum Dis. 2006;65:1312-1324.
42. Richette P, Bardin T. Colchicine for the treatment of gout. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2010;11:2933-2938.
43. Scarpignato C, Hunt RH. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-related injury to the gastrointestinal tract: clinical picture, pathogenesis, and prevention. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2010;39:433-464.
44. Salvo F, Fourrier-Réglat A, Bazin F, et al. Cardiovascular and gastrointestinal safety of NSAIDs: a systematic review of meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011;89:855-866.
45. Zhang W, Doherty M, Pascual E, et al. EULAR evidence based recommendations for gout. Part I: diagnosis. Report of a task force of the Standing Committee for International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutics (ESCISIT). Ann Rheum Dis. 2006;65:1301-1311.
46. Edwards NL. The role of hyperuricemia and gout in kidney and cardiovascular disease. Cleve Clin J Med. 2008;75(suppl 5):S13-S16.
47. Keenan RT, O'Brien WR, Lee KH, et al. Prevalence of contraindications and prescription of pharmacologic therapies for gout. Am J Med. 2011;124:155-163.
48. Terkeltaub R. Update on gout: new therapeutic strategies and options. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2010;6:30-38.
49. Richette P, Bardin T. Should prednisolone be first-line therapy for acute gout? Lancet. 2008;372:1301-1302.
50. Vane Jr. Introduction: mechanism of action of NSAIDs. Br J Rheumatol. 1996;35(suppl 1):1-3.
51. Funk CD, FitzGerald GA. COX-2 inhibitors and cardiovascular risk. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2007;50:470-479.
52. Smyth EM, Grosser T, Wang M, et al. Prostanoids in health and disease. J Lipid Res. 2009;50(suppl):S423-S428.
53. Cronstein BN, Terkeltaub R. The inflammatory process of gout and its treatment. Arthritis Res Ther. 2006;8(suppl 1):S3.
54. Schjerning Olsen AM, Fosbol EL, Lindhardsen J, et al. Duration of treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and impact on risk of death and recurrent myocardial infarction in patients with prior myocardial infarction: a nationwide cohort study. Circulation. 2011;123:2226-2235.
55. Bombardier C, Laine L, Reicin A, et al. Comparison of upper gastrointestinal toxicity of rofecoxib and naproxen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. VIGOR Study Group. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:1520-1528.
56. Bresalier RS, Sandler RS, Quan H, et al. Cardiovascular events associated with rofecoxib in a colorectal adenoma chemoprevention trial. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:1092-1102.
57. Nussmeier NA, Whelton AA, Brown MT, et al. Complications of the COX-2 inhibitors parecoxib and valdecoxib after cardiac surgery. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:1081-1091.
58. Fosbol EL, Gislason GH, Jacobsen S, et al. Risk of myocardial infarction and death associated with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) among healthy individuals: a nationwide cohort study. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2009;85:190-197.
59. Lötzer K, Funk CD, Habenicht AJ. The 5-lipoxygenase pathway in arterial wall biology and atherosclerosis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005;1736:30-37.
60. Pham K, Hirschberg R. Global safety of coxibs and NSAIDs. Curr Top Med Chem. 2005;5:465-473.
61. Cronstein BN. Something old, something newVcolchicine in the 21st century. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2009;10:1141-1142.
62. Nuki G. Colchicine: its mechanism of action and efficacy in crystal-induced inflammation. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2008;10:218-227.
63. Colcrys (Colchicine, USP) Tablets [prescribing information]. Philadelphia, PA: AR Scientific, Inc; 2010.
64. Phelps P. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte motility in vitro. IV. Colchicine inhibition of chemotactic activity formation after phagocytosis of urate crystals. Arthritis Rheum. 1970;13:1-9.
65. Phelps P. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte motility in vitro. II. Stimulatory effect of monosodium urate crystals and urate in solution; partial inhibition by colchicine and indomethacin. Arthritis Rheum. 1969;12:189-196.
66. Abramson S, Hoffstein ST, Weissmann G. Superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils exposed to monosodium urate. Arthritis Rheum. 1982;25:174-180.
67. Reinhardt PH, Naccache PH, Poubelle PE, et al. Monosodium urate crystals promote neutrophil adhesion via a CD18-independent and selectin-independent mechanism. Am J Physiol. 1996;270(1 pt 1):C31-C39.
68. Naccache PH, Bourgoin S, Plante E, et al. Crystal-induced neutrophil activation. II. Evidence for the activation of a phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase D. Arthritis Rheum. 1993;36:117-125.
69. Naccache PH, Grimard M, Roberge CJ, et al. Crystal-induced neutrophil activation. I. Initiation and modulation of calcium mobilization and superoxide production by microcrystals. Arthritis Rheum. 1991;34:333-342.
70. Popa-Nita O, Proulx S, Paré G, et al. Crystal-induced neutrophil activation: XI. Implication and novel roles of classical protein kinase C. J Immunol. 2009;183:2104-2114.
71. Matsukawa A, Yoshimura T, Maeda T, et al. Analysis of the cytokine network among tumor necrosis factor >, interleukin-1A, interleukin-8, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in monosodium urate crystalYinduced rabbit arthritis. Lab Invest. 1998;78:559-569.
72. Ben Chetrit E, Fischel R, Hinz B, et al. The effects of colchicine and hydroxychloroquine on the cyclo-oxygenases COX-1 and COX-2. Rheumatol Int. 2005;25:332-335.
73. Cronstein BN, Molad Y, Reibman J, et al. Colchicine alters the quantitative and qualitative display of selectins on endothelial cells and neutrophils. J Clin Invest. 1995;96:994-1002.
74. Swarup A, Sachdeva N, Schumacher HR Jr. Dosing of antirheumatic drugs in renal disease and dialysis. J Clin Rheumatol. 2004;10:190-204.
75. Hung IF, Wu AK, Cheng VC, et al. Fatal interaction between clarithromycin and colchicine in patients with renal insufficiency: a retrospective study. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;41:291-300.
76. Wilbur K, Makowsky M. Colchicine myotoxicity: case reports and literature review. Pharmacotherapy. 2004;24:1784-1792.
77. Barnes PJ. Anti-inflammatory actions of glucocorticoids: molecular mechanisms. Clin Sci (Lond). 1998;94:557-572.
78. De Bosscher K, Haegeman G. Minireview: latest perspectives on antiinflammatory actions of glucocorticoids. Mol Endocrinol. 2009;23:281-291.
79. Auphan N, DiDonato JA, Rosette C, et al. Immunosuppression by glucocorticoids: inhibition of NF-JB activity through induction of IJB synthesis. Science. 1995;270:286-290.
80. Rhen T, Cidlowski JA. Antiinflammatory action of glucocorticoidsYnew mechanisms for old drugs. N Engl J Med. 2005;353:1711-1723.
81. Schäcke H, Döcke WD, Asadullah K. Mechanisms involved in the side effects of glucocorticoids. Pharmacol Ther. 2002;96:23-43.
82. Sholter DE, Armstrong PW. Adverse effects of corticosteroids on the cardiovascular system. Can J Cardiol. 2000;16:505-511.
83. van der Goes MC, Jacobs JW, Boers M, et al. Monitoring adverse events of low-dose glucocorticoid therapy: EULAR recommendations for clinical trials and daily practice. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69:1913-1919.
84. Kineret (Anakinra) [prescribing information]. Stockholm, Sweden: Biovitrum AB; 2009.
85. Arcalyst (Rilonacept) Injection for Subcutaneous Use [prescribing information]. Tarrytown, NY: Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc; 2009.
86. Ilaris (Canakinumab) Injection for Subcutaneous Use [prescribing information]. East Hanover, NJ: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; 2011.
87. Schlesinger N, Alten RE, Bardin T, et al. Canakinumab for acute gouty arthritis in patients with limited treatment options: results from two randomised, multicentre, active-controlled, double-blind trials and their initial extensions. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71:1839-1848.
88. Schumacher HR Jr, Sundy JS, Terkeltaub R, et al. Rilonacept (interleukin-1 trap) in the prevention of acute gout flares during initiation of urate-lowering therapy: results of a phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum (Hoboken). 2012;64:876-884.
89. Schlesinger N, De Meulemeester M, Pikhlak A, et al. Canakinumab relieves symptoms of acute flares and improves health-related quality of life in patients with difficult-to-treat gouty arthritis by suppressing inflammation: results of a randomized, dose-ranging study. Arthritis Res Ther. 2011;13:R53.
90. Schumacher HR Jr, Evans RR, Saag KG, et al. Rilonacept (Interleukin-1 Trap) for prevention of gout flares during initiation of uric acid-lowering therapy: results of the presurge-1 trial. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2012;64:1462-1470.
91. Dinarello CA, Simon A, van der Meer JW. Treating inflammation by blocking interleukin-1 in a broad spectrum of diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2012;11:633-652.
92. Furst DE. The risk of infections with biologic therapies for rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2010;39:327-346.