Long-term summer sunshine/moisture stress reconstruction from tree-ring widths from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Climate of the Past

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 27-40

  Poljansek S ^a   Ceglar, A ^b   Levanic T ^a  

^a SLOVENIAN FORESTRY INSTITUTE   (Slovenia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LJUBLJANA   (Slovenia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLOUD COVER; DAY LENGTH; DENDROCHRONOLOGY; DROUGHT; MOISTURE CONTENT; PALEOATMOSPHERE; PALEOCLIMATE; PALEOENVIRONMENT; RECONSTRUCTION; SUMMER; TEMPORAL PERIOD; TREE RING; VOLCANIC ERUPTION;

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA; CROATIA; OSIJEK;

PINUS NIGRA;

EID: 84873804560     PISSN: 18149324     EISSN: 18149332     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/cp-9-27-2013     Document Type: Article

References (106)

1. Akkemik, U., Dag?deviren, N., and Aras, A.: A preliminary reconstruction (A.D. 1635-2000) of spring precipitation using oak tree rings in the western Black Sea region of Turkey, Int. J. Biometeorol., 49, 297-302, doi:10.1007/s00484-004-0249-8, 2005. (Pubitemid 40678608)
2. Alavi, G.: The impact of soil moisture on stem growth of spruce forest during a 22-year period, Forest Ecol. Manag., 166, 17-33, doi:10.1016/s0378- 1127(01)00661-2, 2002. (Pubitemid 34800897)
3. Arking, A., Chou, M., Dah, M., and Ridgway, W. L.: On estimating the effect of clouds on atmospheric absorption based on flux observations above and below cloud level, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 829-832, doi:10.1029/96gl00775, 1996. (Pubitemid 26479559)
4. Auer, I., Böhm, R., Jurkovic, A., Lipa, W., Orlik, A., Potzmann, R., Schöner, W., Ungersböck, M., Matulla, C., Briffa, K., Jones, P., Efthymiadis, D., Brunetti, M., Nanni, T., Maugeri, M., Mer-calli, L., Mestre, O., Moisselin, J.-M., Begert, M., Müller-Westermeier, G., Kveton, V., Bochnicek, O., Stastny, P., Lapin, M., Szalai, S., Szentimrey, T., Cegnar, T., Dolinar, M., Gajic-Capka, M., Zaninovic, K., Majstorovic, Z., and Nieplova, E.: HISTALP -historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the Greater Alpine Region, Int. J. Climatol., 27, 17-46, doi:10.1002/joc.1377, 2007. (Pubitemid 46157861)
5. Blade, I., Liebmann, B., Fortuny, D., and Van Oldenborgh, G. J.: Observed and simulated impacts of summer NAO in Europe: implications for projected drying in the Mediterranean region, Clim. Dynam., 39, 709-727, doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1195-x, 2011.
6. Boers, B. D. J.: Mount Tambora in 1815: A Volcanic Eruption in Indonesia and Its Aftermath, Indonesia, 60, 37-60, doi:10.2307/3351140, 1995.
7. Bonaccorso, A., Calvari, S., Coltelli, M., Negro, C. D., and Falsaperla, S.: Mt. Etna: volcano laboratory, American geophysical union, Washington DC, 2004.
8. Brázdil, R., Kiss, A., Luterbacher, J., and Valá?sek, H.: Weather patterns in eastern Slovakia 1717-1730, based on records from the Breslau meteorological network, Int. J. Climatol., 28, 1639-1651, doi:10.1002/joc.1667, 2008.
9. Breitenmoser, P., Beer, J., Brönnimann, S., Frank, D., Steinhilber, F., and Wanner, H.: Solar and volcanic fingerprints in tree-ring chronologies over the past 2000 years, Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 313-314, 127-139, doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.10.014, 2012.
10. Briffa, K. R. and Jones, P. D.: Basic chronology statistics and assessment, in: Methods of dendrochronology: applications in the environmental sciences, edited by: Cook, E. R. and Kairiukstis, L. A., Kluwer academic publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London, 137-152, 1990.
11. Briffa, K. R., Jones, P. D., and Schweingruber, F. H.: Summer temperature patterns over Europe: A reconstruction from 1750 A.D. based on maximum latewood density indices of conifers, Quaternary Res., 30, 36-52, doi:10.1016/0033- 5894(88)90086-5, 1988. (Pubitemid 19299765)
12. Briffa, K. R., Jones, P. D., Schweingruber, F. H., and Osborn, T. J.: Influence of volcanic eruptions on Northern Hemisphere summer temperature over the past 600 years, Nature, 393, 450-455, 1998. (Pubitemid 28292187)
13. Brus, R.: Drevesne vrste na slovenskem (Tree species on slovenian area; in Slovenian), Mladinska zalo?zba, Ljubljana, 2004.
14. Büntgen, U., Brázdil, R., Dobrovolńy, P., Trnka, M., and Kyncl, T.: Five centuries of Southern Moravian drought variations revealed from living and historic tree rings, Theor. Appl. Climatol., 105, 1-14, doi:10.1007/s00704-010-0381-9, 2010a.
15. Büntgen, U., Brázdil, R., Frank, D., and Esper, J.: Three centuries of Slovakian drought dynamics, Clim. Dynam., 35, 315-329, doi:10.1007/s00382-009-0563-2, 2010b.
16. Büntgen, U., Brázdil, R., Heussner, K.-U., Hofmann, J., Kontic, R., Kyncl, T., Pfister, C., Chromá, K., and Tegel, W.: Combined dendro-documentary evidence of Central European hydroclimatic springtime extremes over the last millennium, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 30, 3947-3959, doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.10.010, 2011.
17. Bussotti, F.: Pinus nigra, in: Pines of silvicultural importance, C.A.B. International, CABI Publishing, 266-286, 2002.
18. Camuffo, D., Bertolin, C., Barriendos, M., Dominguez-Castro, F., Cocheo, C., Enzi, S., Sghedoni, M., della Valle, A., Garnier, E., Alcoforado, M. J., Xoplaki, E., Luterbacher, J., Diodato, N., Maugeri, M., Nunes, M. F., and Rodriguez, R.: 500-year temperature reconstruction in the Mediterranean Basin by means of documentary data and instrumental observations, Climatic Change, 101, 169-199, doi:10.1007/s10584-010-9815-8, 2010.
19. Carrer, M., Nola, P., Eduard, J. L., Motta, R., and Urbinati, C.: Regional variability of climate-growth relationships in Pinus cembra high elevation forests in the Alps, J. Ecol., 95, 1072-1083, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745. 2007.01281.x, 2007. (Pubitemid 47274507)
20. Cerdà, A.: Seasonal changes of the infiltration rates in a Mediterranean scrubland on limestone, J. Hydrol., 198, 209-225, doi:10.1016/s0022-1694(96)03295-7, 1997. (Pubitemid 27340893)
21. Chubarova, N. Y., Prilepsky, N. G., Rublev, A. N., and Riebau, A. R.: Chapter 11 A Mega-Fire Event in Central Russia: Fire Weather, Radiative, and Optical Properties of the Atmosphere, and Consequences for Subboreal Forest Plants, in: Developments in Environmental Science, edited by: Bytnerowicz, A., Arbaugh, M. J., Riebau, A. R., and Christian, A., Elsevier, 247-264, 2008.
22. Clor, L. E., Fischer, T. P., Hilton, D. R., Sharp, Z. D., and Hartono, U.: Volatile and N isotope chemistry of the Molucca Sea collision zone: Tracing source components along the Sangihe Arc, Indonesia, Geochem. Geophy. Geosy., 6, Q03J14, doi:10.1029/2004gc000825, 2005.
23. Cochard, H., Froux, F., Mayr, S., and Coutand, C.: XylemWall Collapse in Water-Stressed Pine Needles, Plant Physiol., 134, 401-408, doi:10.1104/pp.103. 028357, 2004. (Pubitemid 38178711)
24. Cole-Dai, J., Ferris, D., Lanciki, A., Savarino, J., Baroni, M., and Thiemens, M. H.: Cold decade (AD 1810-1819) caused by Tambora (1815) and another (1809) stratospheric volcanic eruption, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L22703, doi:10.1029/2009gl040882, 2009.
25. Cook, E. R. and Briffa, K. R.: A comparison of some tree-ring standardization methods, in: Methods of Dendrochronology: Applications in the Environmental Sciences, edited by: Cook, E. R. and Kairiukstis, L. A., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London, 153-162, 1990.
26. Cook, E. R., Meko, D. M., Stahle, D. W., and Cleaveland, M. K.: Drought Reconstructions for the Continental United States, J. Climate, 12, 1145-1162, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012 1145:drftcu 2.0.co;2, 1999.
27. Esper, J., Frank, D. C., Wilson, R. J. S., and Briffa, K. R.: Effect of scaling and regression on reconstructed temperature amplitude for the past millennium, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L07711, doi:10.1029/2004gl021236, 2005. (Pubitemid 40959012)
28. Frank, D. and Esper, J.: Characterization and climate response patterns of a high-elevation, multi-species tree-ring network in the European Alps, Dendrochronologia, 22, 107-121, 2005.
29. Fritts, H. C.: Tree rings and climate, Academic Press, London, New York, San Francisco, 567 pp., 1976.
30. Garć?a-Suárez, A. M., Butler, C. J., and Baillie, M. G. L.: Climate signal in tree-ring chronologies in a temperate climate: A multi-species approach, Dendrochronologia, 27, 183-198, doi:10.1016/j.dendro. 2009.05.003, 2009.
31. Grattan, J. P. and Pyatt, F. B.: Volcanic eruptions dry fogs and the European palaeoenvironmental record: localised phenomena or hemispheric impacts?, Global Planet. Change, 21, 173-179, doi:10.1016/s0921-8181(99)00013-2, 1999. (Pubitemid 29437542)
32. Gric?ar, J. and C? ufar, K.: Seasonal dynamics of phloem and xylem formation in silver fir and Norway spruce as affected by drought, Russ. J. Plant Phyl., 55, 538-543, doi:10.1134/s102144370804016x, 2008.
33. Grunewald, K., Scheithauer, J., Monget, J.-M., and Brown, D.: Characterisation of contemporary local climate change in the mountains of southwest Bulgaria, Climatic Change, 95, 535-549, doi:10.1007/s10584-008-9508-8, 2009.
34. Hafner, P., Robertson, I., McCarroll, D., Loader, N., Gagen, M., Bale, R., Jungner, H., Sonninen, E., Hilasvuori, E., and Levani?c, T.: Climate signals in the ring widths and stable carbon, hydrogen and oxygen isotopic composition of Larix decidua; growing at the forest limit in the southeastern European Alps, Trees-Struct. Funct., 25, 1141-1154, doi:10.1007/s00468-011-0589-z, 2011.
35. Handler, P.: The effect of volcanic aerosols on global climate, J. Volcanol. Geoth. Res., 37, 233-249, doi:10.1016/0377-0273(89)90081-4, 1989.
36. Hughes, M. K., Kuniholm, P. I., Eischeid, J. K., Garfin, G., Griggs, C. B., and Latini, C.: Aegean tree-ring signature years explained, Tree-Ring Res., 57, 67-73, 2001.
37. Hughes, P. D.: Little Ice Age glaciers in the Balkans: low altitude glaciation enabled by cooler temperatures and local topoclimatic controls, Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 35, 229-241, doi:10.1002/esp.1916, 2010.
38. IPCC: IPCC 2001: Climate change 2001: the scientific basis. Contribution of working group 1 to the third assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York, 881, 2001.
39. IPCC: Climate Change 2007: The physical science basis. Contribution of working group I to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change, edited by: Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K. B., Tignor, M., and Miller, H. L., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 996 pp., 2007.
40. Jones, P. D., Briffa, K. R., Barnett, T. P., and Tett, S. F. B.: Highresolution palaeoclimatic records for the last millennium: interpretation, integration and comparison with General Circulation Model control-run temperatures, Holocene, 8, 455-471, doi:10.1191/095968398667194956, 1998.
41. Jyske, T., Manner, M., Mäkinen, H., Nöjd, P., Peltola, H., and Repo, T.: The effects of artificial soil frost on cambial activity and xylem formation in Norway spruce, Trees, 26, 405-419, doi:10.1007/s00468-011-0601-7, 2012.
42. Kanji, G. K.: 100 statistical tests, Sage, London, 1993.
43. Kertész, Á . and Mika, J.: Aridification -Climate change in South-Eastern Europe, Phys. Chem. Earth Pt. A, 24, 913-920, doi:10.1016/s1464-1895(99)00135-0, 1999. (Pubitemid 30068032)
44. Koleva, E. and Alexandrov, V.: Drought in the Bulgarian low regions during the 20th century, Theor. Appl. Climatol., 92, 113-120, doi:10.1007/s00704-007-0297-1, 2008.
45. Kostopoulou, E. and Jones, P. D.: Comprehensive analysis of the climate variability in the eastern Mediterranean. Part I: map-pattern classification, Int. J. Climatol., 27, 1189-1214, doi:10.1002/joc.1467, 2007. (Pubitemid 47090121)
46. Kuniholm, P. I. and Striker, C. L.: Dendrochronological Investigations in the Aegean and Neighboring Regions, 1977-1982, J. Field Archaeol., 10, 411-420, 1983.
47. Leal, S., Eamus, D., Grabner, M., Wimmer, R., and Cherubini, P.: Tree rings of Pinus nigra from the Vienna basin region (Austria) show evidence of change in climatic sensitivity in the late 20th century, Can. J. Forest Res., 38, 744-759, doi:10.1139/x07-189, 2008. (Pubitemid 351679296)
48. Lebourgeois, F.: Climatic signals in earlywood, latewood and total ring width of Corsican pine from western France, Ann. For. Sci., 57, 155-164, 2000. (Pubitemid 30165838)
49. Lelieveld, J., Hadjinicolaou, P., Kostopoulou, E., Chenoweth, J., El Maayar, M., Giannakopoulos, C., Hannides, C., Lange, M., Tanarhte, M., Tyrlis, E., and Xoplaki, E.: Climate change and impacts in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East, Climatic Change, 114, 667-687, doi:10.1007/s10584-012-0418-4, 2012.
50. Levani?c, T. and Toromani, E.: Austrian pine (Pinus nigra Arnold.) tree-ring width chronology from northeast Albania-preliminary results, TRACE, Oto?cec, Slovenia, 2010.
51. Levani?c, T., Popa, I., Poljan?sek, S., and Nechita, C.: A 323-year long reconstruction of drought for SW Romania based on black pine (Pinus nigra) tree-ring widths, Int. J. Biometeorol., Online ISSN: 1432-1254, 1-12, doi:10.1007/s00484-012-0596-9, 2012.
52. Lindgrén, S. and Neumann, J.: The cold and wet year 1695 -a contemporary German account, Climatic Change, 3, 173-187, doi:10.1007/ bf00154435, 1981. (Pubitemid 11271291)
53. Ljungqvist, F. C.: A new reconstruction of temperature variability in the extra-tropical northern hemisphere during the last two millennia, Geogr. Ann. A, 92, 339-351, doi:10.1111/j.1468-0459.2010.00399.x, 2010.
54. Ĺopez-Moreno, J. I., Vicente-Serrano, S. M., Morán-Tejeda, E., Lorenzo-Lacruz, J., Zabalza, J., Kenawy, A. E., and Beniston, M.: Influence of Winter North Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAO) on Climate and Snow Accumulation in the Mediterranean Mountains, in: Hydrological, Socioeconomic and Ecological Impacts of the North Atlantic Oscillation in the Mediterranean Region, edited by: Vicente-Serrano, S. M. and Trigo, R. M., Advances in Global Change Research, Springer Netherlands, 73-89, 2011.
55. Luterbacher, J., Rickli, R., Tinguely, C., Xoplaki, E., Schüpbach, E., Dietrich, D., Hüsler, J., Ambühl, M., Pfister, C., Beeli, P., Dietrich, U., Dannecker, A., Davies, T. D., Jones, P. D., Slonosky, V., Ogilvie, A. E. J., Maheras, P., Kolyva-Machera, F., Martin-Vide, J., Barriendos, M., Alcoforado, M. J., Nunes, M. F., J́onsson, T., Glaser, R., Jacobeit, J., Beck, C., Philipp, A., Beyer, U., Kaas, E., Schmith, T., Bärring, L., Jönsson, P., Rácz, L., and Wanner, H.: Monthly mean pressure reconstruction for the Late Maunder Minimum Period (AD 1675-1715), Int. J. Climatol., 20, 1049-1066, doi:10.1002/1097-0088(200008)20:10 1049::aid-joc521 3.0.co;2-6, 2000.
56. Luterbacher, J., Rickli, R., Xoplaki, E., Tinguely, C., Beck, C., Pfister, C., and Wanner, H.: The Late Maunder Minimum (1675-1715) -A Key Period for Studying Decadal Scale Climatic Change in Europe, Climatic Change, 49, 441-462, 2001. (Pubitemid 32442568)
57. Luterbacher, J., Dietrich, D., Xoplaki, E., Grosjean, M., and Wanner, H.: European Seasonal and Annual Temperature Variability, Trends, and Extremes Since 1500, Science, 303, 1499-1503, doi:10.1126/science.1093877, 2004. (Pubitemid 38314415)
58. Luterbacher, J., Garć?a-Herrera, R., Akcer-On, S., Allan, R., Alvarez-Castro, M.-C., Benito, G., Booth, J., Büntgen, U., Cagatay, N., Colombaroli, D., Davis, B., Esper, J., Felis, T., Fleitmann, D., Frank, D., Gallego, D., Garcia-Bustamante, E., Glaser, R., Gonzalez-Rouco, F. J., Goosse, H., Kiefer, T., Macklin, M. G., Manning, S. W., Montagna, P., Newman, L., Power, M. J., Rath, V., Ribera, P., Riemann, D., Roberts, N., Sicre, M.-A., Silenzi, S., Tinner, W., Tzedakis, P. C., Valero-Garcés, B., van der Schrier, G., Vannière, B., Vogt, S., Wanner, H., Werner, J. P., Willett, G., Williams, M. H., Xoplaki, E., Zerefos, C. S., and Zorita, E.: 2 -A Review of 2000 Years of Paleoclimatic Evidence in the Mediterranean, in: The Climate of the Mediterranean Region, edited by: Lionello, P., Elsevier, Oxford, 87-185, 2012.
59. Mariotti, A. and Dell'Aquila, A.: Decadal climate variability in the Mediterranean region: roles of large-scale forcings and regional processes, Clim. Dynam., 38, 1129-1145, 2012.
60. Mart́?n-Benito, D., del Ŕ?o, M., and Cañellas, I.: Black pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) growth divergence along a latitudinal gradient in Western Mediterranean mountains, Ann. For. Sci., 67, p. 401, doi:10.1051/forest/2009121, 2010a.
61. Mart́?n-Benito, D., Del Ŕ?o, M., Heinrich, I., Helle, G., and Cañellas, I.: Response of climate-growth relationships and water use efficiency to thinning in a Pinus nigra afforestation, Forest Ecol. Manag., 259, 967-975, doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.12.001, 2010b.
62. Mart́?n-Benito, D., Kint, V., del Ŕ?o, M., Muys, B., and Cañellas, I.: Growth responses of West-Mediterranean Pinus nigra to climate change are modulated by competition and productivity: Past trends and future perspectives, Forest Ecol. Manag., 262, 1030-1040, doi:10.1016/j.foreco. 2011.05.038, 2011.
63. Mart́?n-Benito, D., Beeckman, H., and Cañellas, I.: Influence of drought on tree rings and tracheid features of Pinus nigra and Pinus sylvestris in a mesic Mediterranean forest, Eur. J. For. Res., Online ISSN: 1612-4677, 1-13, doi:10.1007/s10342-012-0652-3, 2012.
64. Mastin, L. G. and Witter, J. B.: The hazards of eruptions through lakes and seawater, J. Volcanol. Geoth. Res., 97, 195-214, doi:10.1016/s0377-0273(99) 00174-2, 2000. (Pubitemid 30452683)
65. McCarroll, D., Jalkanen, R., Hicks, S., Tuovinen, M., Gagen, M., Pawellek, F., Eckstein, D., Schmitt, U., Autio, J., and Heikkinen, O.: Multiproxy dendroclimatology: a pilot study in northern Finland, Holocene, 13, 829-838, doi:10.1191/0959683603hl668rp, 2003. (Pubitemid 37292503)
66. McCarroll, D., Loader, N. J., Jalkanen, R., Gagen, M. H., Grudd, H., Gunnarson, B. E., Kirchhefer, A. J., Friedrich, M., Linderholm, H. W., Lindholm, M., Boettger, T., Los, S. O., Remmele, S., Kononov, Y. M., Yamazaki, Y. H., Young, G. H. F., and Zorita, E.: A 1200-year multi-proxy record of tree growth and summer temperature at the northern pine forest limit of Europe, Holocene, in press, 2013.
67. Meehl, G. A. and Tebaldi, C.: More Intense, More Frequent, and Longer Lasting Heat Waves in the 21st Century, Science, 305, 994-997, doi:10.1126/science.1098704, 2004. (Pubitemid 39071772)
68. Moosmüller, H., Chakrabarty, R. K., and Arnott,W. P.: Aerosol light absorption and its measurement: A review, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Ra., 110, 844-878, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2009.02.035, 2009.
69. Nicault, A., Alleaume, S., Brewer, S., Carrer, M., Nola, P., and Guiot, J.: Mediterranean drought fluctuation during the last 500 years based on tree-ring data, Clim. Dynam., 31, 227-245, doi:10.1007/s00382-007-0349-3, 2008.
70. Nied́zwied́z, T.: Climate, in: Recent Landform Evolution, edited by: Ĺoczy, D., Stankoviansky, M., and Kotarba, A., Springer Geography, Springer Netherlands, 19-29, 2012.
71. Ogrin, D.: Dry and wet years in Submediterranean Slovenia from the 14th to the mid-19th century, Acta Univ. Palacki. Olomuc., Fac. Rerum Nat., Geogr., 37, 8-11, 2002.
72. Ogrin, D.: Tree rings and climate in submediterranean Slovenia, TRACE 2005, 2005.
73. Panayotov, M., Bebi, P., Trouet, V., and Yurukov, S.: Climate signal in tree-ring chronologies of Pinus peuce and Pinus heldreichii; from the Pirin Mountains in Bulgaria, Trees-Struct. Funct., 24, 479-490, doi:10.1007/s00468- 010-0416-y, 2010.
74. Penuelas, J. and Pilella, I.: Deuterium labelling of roots provides evidence of deep water access and hydraulic lift by Pinus nigra in a Mediterranean forest of NE Spain, Environ. Exp. Bot., 49, 201-208, doi:10.1016/S0098-8472(02)00070-9, 2003. (Pubitemid 36568080)
75. Poljan?sek, S., Ballian, D., Nagel, T. A., and Levani?c, T.: A 435-Year-Long European Black Pine (Pinus nigra) Chronology for the Central-Western Balkan Region, Tree-Ring Res., 68, 31-44, doi:10.3959/2011-7.1, 2012.
76. Popa, I. and Kern, Z.: Long-term summer temperature reconstruction inferred from tree-ring records from the Eastern Carpathians, Clim. Dynam., 32, 1107-1117, doi:10.1007/s00382-008-0439-x, 2009.
77. Rampino, M. R. and Self, S.: Historic eruptions of Tambora (1815), Krakatau (1883), and Agung (1963), their stratospheric aerosols, and climatic impact, Quaternary Res., 18, 127-143, doi:10.1016/0033-5894(82)90065-5, 1982.
78. Rossi, S., Deslauriers, A., Anfodillo, T., and Carraro, V.: Evidence of threshold temperatures for xylogenesis in conifers at high altitudes, Oecologia, 152, 1-12, doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0625-7, 2007. (Pubitemid 46639993)
79. Satheesh, S. K. and Krishna Moorthy, K.: Radiative effects of natural aerosols: A review, Atmos. Environ., 39, 2089-2110, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004. 12.029, 2005. (Pubitemid 40470372)
80. Scandone, R., Giacomelli, L., and Speranza, F. F.: Persistent activity and violent strombolian eruptions at Vesuvius between 1631 and 1944, J. Volcanol. Geoth. Res., 170, 167-180, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.09.014, 2008. (Pubitemid 351373167)
81. Seim, A., Treydte, K., Büntgen, U., Esper, J., Fonti, P., Haska, H., Herzig, F., Tegel, W., and Faust, D.: Exploring the potential of Pinus heldreichii Christ. for long-term climate reconstruction in Albania, TRACE, Oto?cec, Slovenia, 75-82, 2010.
82. Seim, A., Büntgen, U., Fonti, P., Haska, H., Herzig, F., Tegel, W., Trouet, V., and Treydte, K.: Climate sensitivity of a millenniumlong pine chronology from Albania, Clim. Res., 51, 217-228, doi:10.3354/cr01076, 2012.
83. Seneviratne, S. I., Corti, T., Davin, E. L., Hirschi, M., Jaeger, E. B., Lehner, I., Orlowsky, B., and Teuling, A. J.: Investigating soil moisture-climate interactions in a changing climate: A review, Earth-Sci. Rev., 99, 125-161, doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2010.02.004, 2010.
84. Sevgi, O. and Akkemik, U.: A dendroecological study on Pinus nigra Arn. at different altitudes of northern slopes of Kazdaglari, Turkey, J. Environ. Biol., India, 28, 73-75, 2007. (Pubitemid 46190988)
85. Stahle, D. W., Cleaveland, M. K., and Cerveny, R. S.: Tree-ring reconstructed sunshine duration over central USA, Int. J. Climatol., 11, 285-295, doi:10.1002/joc.3370110305, 1991.
86. Strumia, G., Wimmer, R., and Grabner, M.: Dendroclimatic sensitivity of Pinus nigra Arnold in Austria, Dendrochronologia, 15, 129-137, 1997.
87. Suehrcke, H.: On the relationship between duration of sunshine and solar radiation on the earth's surface: A ngström's equation revisited, Sol. Energy, 68, 417-425, doi:10.1016/s0038-092x(00)00004-9, 2000.
88. Touchan, R., Garfin, G. M., Meko, D. M., Funkhouser, G., Erkan, N., Hughes, M. K., and Wallin, B. S.: Preliminary reconstruct tions of spring precipitation in southwestern Turkey from treering width, Int. J. Climatol., 23, 157-171, 2003. (Pubitemid 36238666)
89. Touchan, R., Xoplaki, E., Funkhouser, G., Luterbacher, J., Hughes, M. K., Erkan, N., Akkemik, U., and Stephan, J.: Reconstructions of spring/summer precipitation for the Eastern Mediterranean from tree-ring widths and its connection to large-scale atmospheric circulation, Clim. Dynam., 25, 75-98, 2005. (Pubitemid 41408408)
90. Touchan, R., Akkemik, U., Hughes, M. K., and Erkan, N.: May-June precipitation reconstruction of southwestern Anatolia, Turkey during the last 900 years from tree rings, Quaternary Res., 68, 196-202, doi:10.1016/j.yqres. 2007.07.001, 2007. (Pubitemid 47279005)
91. Trachsel, M., Kamenik, C., Grosjean, M., McCarroll, D., Moberg, A., Brázdil, R., Büntgen, U., Dobrovolńy, P., Esper, J., Frank, D. C., Friedrich, M., Glaser, R., Larocque-Tobler, I., Nicolussi, K., and Riemann, D.: Multi-archive summer temperature reconstruction for the European Alps, AD 1053-1996, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 46, 66-79, doi:10.1016/j.quascirev. 2012.04.021, 2012.
92. Trouet, V., Panayotov, M., Ivanova, A., and Frank, D.: A pan-European summer teleconnection mode recorded by a new temperature reconstruction from the northeastern Mediterranean (ad 1768-2008), Holocene, 22, 887-898, doi:10.1177/0959683611434225, 2012.
93. van Oldenborgh, G. J.: KNMI Climate explorer, Koninklijk Netherlands Meteorologisch Institut (KNMI), 1999.
94. Vicente-Serrano, S. M. and Ĺopez-Moreno, J. I.: Hydrological response to different time scales of climatological drought: an evaluation of the Standardized Precipitation Index in a mountainous Mediterranean basin, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 9, 523-533, doi:10.5194/hess-9-523-2005, 2005.
95. Vidakovíc, M.: Conifers: morphology and variation, Grafi?cki zavod Hrvatske, Zagreb, 754 pp., 1991.
96. Waring, R. H., Whitehead, D., and Jarvis, P. G.: The contribution of stored water to transpiration in Scots pine, Plant Cell Environ., 2, 309-317, doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.1979.tb00085.x, 1979.
97. Weitzenkamp, B., Schneider, C., Kilian, R., Spiecker, H., and Kahle, H. P.: Regional climate tree growth at Gran Campo Nevado, Chilean Patagonia, Geophys. Res. Abstr., 9, 2007.
98. Wigley, T. M. L., Briffa, K. R., and Jones, P. D.: On the average value of correlated time series, with applications in dendroclimatology and hydrometeorology, J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol., 23, 201-213, 1984. (Pubitemid 14612231)
99. Wimmer, R., Strumia, G., and Holawe, F.: Use of false rings in Austrian pine to reconstruct early growing season precipitation, Can. J. For. Res., 30, 1691-1697, 2000. (Pubitemid 32045054)
100. Winchester, L.: The abnormal weather of 1929, Geography, 15, 579-585, 1930.
101. Xoplaki, E., Maheras, P., and Luterbacher, J.: Variability of Climate in Meridional Balkans during the Periods 1675-1715 and 1780-1830 and its Impact on Human Life, Climatic Change, 48, 581-615, doi:10.1023/a:1005616424463, 2001. (Pubitemid 32192078)
102. Xoplaki, E., González Rouco, J. F., Gyalistras, D., Luterbacher, J., Rickli, R., and Wanner, H.: Interannual summer air temperature variability over Greece and its connection to the large-scale atmospheric circulation and Mediterranean SSTs 1950-1999, Clim. Dynam., 20, 537-554, doi:10.1007/s00382-002- 0291-3, 2003a. (Pubitemid 36557964)
103. Xoplaki, E., Gonzalez-Rouco, F. J., Luterbacher, J., and Wanner, H.: Mediterranean summer air temperature variability and its connection to the large-scale atmospheric circulation and SSTs, Clim. Dynam., 20, 723-739, 2003b. (Pubitemid 36762012)
104. Xoplaki, E., Luterbacher, J., and Gonzalez-Rouco, F. J.: Mediterranean summer temperature and winter precipitation, large-scale dynamics, trends, Il Nuovo Cimento, 29, 45-54, 2006.
105. Young, G. H. F., McCarroll, D., Loader, N. J., and Kirchhefer, A. J.: A 500-year record of summer near-ground solar radiation from tree-ring stable carbon isotopes, Holocene, 20, 315-324, doi:10.1177/0959683609351902, 2010.
106. Zupan Hajna, N.: Dinaric karst: Geography and geology, in: Encyclopedia of Caves, 2nd Edn., edited by: White, B.W. and Culver, C. D., Elsevier, Oxford, 2012.