European Seasonal and Annual Temperature Variability, Trends, and Extremes since 1500

Science

Volumn 303, Issue 5663, 2004, Pages 1499-1503

  Luterbacher, Jürg ^a   Dietrich, Daniel ^a   Xoplaki, Elena ^a   Grosjean, Martin ^a   Wanner, Heinz ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; COOLING;

TEMPERATURE VARIABILITY;

ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE;

ANNUAL VARIATION; CLIMATE CHANGE; PROXY CLIMATE RECORD; SEASONAL VARIATION; SURFACE TEMPERATURE; WARMING;

ARTICLE; CLIMATE; CLIMATE CHANGE; COOLING; ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE; EUROPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEASONAL VARIATION; SUMMER; WINTER;

EURASIA; EUROPE;

EID: 1542317584     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1093877     Document Type: Article

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49. We thank M. E. Mann, P. D. Jones, A. Moberg, F. J. González-Rouco, T. Jonsson, D. T. Shindell, T. F. Stocker, J. Esper, C. Pfister, N. Schneider, P. Della-Marta, A. Pauling C. Casty, D. Oesch, E. Fischer, T. Rutishauser, P. Michna, and C. Neuhaus for discussions on various aspects of this paper, J. Hansen and R. Ruedy from NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies for providing their surface temperature analysis; P. Michna for trend calculations; P. Della-Marta for English corrections; E. Fischer for the station network figure; E. Lerch for data extraction; and many other persons for providing their instrumental or proxy data. The authors are grateful for the use of predictor data from various sources. The Global Climate Data (Version 1, gridded temperature and precipitation) has been supplied by the Climate Impacts LINK Project (DEFRA, contract EPG 1/1/154) on behalf of the Climatic Research Unit, University of East Anglia. Supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (NCCR Climate) (J.L); the Fifth Framework Programme of the European Union [Project SOAP (Simulations, Observations and Paleoctimate Data: Climate Variability over the last 500 Years)] (E.X.); and the Bundesamt für Bildung und Wissenschaft under contract 01.0560 (B.B.W.).