Inflammation and Epstein-Barr virus infection are common features of myasthenia gravis thymus: Possible roles in pathogenesis

Autoimmune Diseases

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 2011, Pages

  Cavalcante, Paola ^a   Maggi, Lorenzo ^a   Colleoni, Lara ^a   Caldara, Rosa ^b   Motta, Teresio ^b   Giardina, Carmelo ^b   Antozzi, Carlo ^a   Berrih Aknin, Sonia ^c   Bernasconi, Pia ^a   Mantegazza, Renato ^a  

^a DEPARTMENT OF NEUROSURGERY   (Italy)

^b BOLOGNINI HOSPITAL   (Italy)

^c INSERM   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIGEN; BETA INTERFERON; CELL PROTEIN; CHEMOKINE; CYTOKINE; EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS ANTIGEN 1; GAMMA INTERFERON; GROWTH FACTOR; HLA DR ANTIGEN; IMMEDIATE EARLY PROTEIN BZLF1; INTERLEUKIN 10; INTERLEUKIN 6; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 2; METALLOPROTEINASE; MYXOVIRUS RESISTANCE PROTEIN A; PROTEIN EBER1; PROTEIN LMP1; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VIRUS DNA; VIRUS PROTEIN;

ADULT; ARTICLE; AUTOIMMUNITY; B LYMPHOCYTE; CELL INFILTRATION; CHRONIC INFLAMMATION; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS INFECTION; FEMALE; GENE OVEREXPRESSION; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN TISSUE; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; INFLAMMATORY DISEASE; MALE; MYASTHENIA GRAVIS; PATHOGENESIS; PLASMA CELL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; THYMITIS; THYMUS DISEASE; THYMUS HYPERPLASIA; UPREGULATION; VIRUS DETECTION; VIRUS GENOME; VIRUS LATENCY;

EID: 84872760566     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20900430     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4061/2011/213092     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Vincent A., Unravelling the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis Nature Reviews Immunology 2002 2 10 797 804 (Pubitemid 37328719)
2. Leite M. I., Jacob S., Viegas S., Cossins J., Clover L., Morgan B. P., Beeson D., Willcox N., Vincent A., IgG1 antibodies to acetylcholine receptors in seronegative myasthenia gravis Brain 2008 131 7 1940 1952 (Pubitemid 351957451)
3. Marx A., Wilisch A., Schultz A., Gattenlhner S., Nenninger R., Mller-Hermelink H. K., Pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis Virchows Archive 1997 430 5 355 364 (Pubitemid 27202101)
4. Leite M. I., Scrbel P., Jones M., Micklem K., Moritz R., Gold R., Niks E. H., Berrih-Aknin S., Scaravilli F., Canelhas A., Marx A., Newsom-Davis J., Willcox N., Vincent A., Fewer thymic changes in MuSK antibody-positive than in MuSK antibody-negative MG Annals of Neurology 2005 57 3 444 448 (Pubitemid 40343969)
5. Lauriola L., Ranelletti F., Maggiano N., Guerriero M., Punzi C., Marsili F., Bartoccioni E., Evoli A., Thymus changes in anti-MuSK-positive and -negative myasthenia gravis Neurology 2005 64 3 536 538 (Pubitemid 40189877)
6. Cavalcante P., Serafini B., Rosicarelli B., Maggi L., Barberis M., Antozzi C., Berrih-Aknin S., Bernasconi P., Aloisi F., Mantegazza R., Epstein-Barr virus persistence and reactivation in myasthenia gravis thymus Annals of Neurology 2010 67 6 726 738
7. Schluep M., Willcox N., Vincent A., Acetylcholine receptors in human thymic myoid cells in situ: an immunohistological study Annals of Neurology 1987 22 6 212 222 (Pubitemid 17131152)
8. Wakkach A., Guyon T., Bruand C., Tzartos S., Cohen-Kaminsky S., Berrih-Aknin S., Expression of acetylcholine receptor genes in human thymic epithelial cells: implications for myasthenia gravis Journal of Immunology 1996 157 8 3752 3760 (Pubitemid 126449193)
9. Roxanis I., Micklem K., McConville J., Newsom-Davis J., Willcox N., Thymic myoid cells and germinal center formation in myasthenia gravis; possible roles in pathogenesis Journal of Neuroimmunology 2002 125 1-2 185 197 (Pubitemid 34327469)
10. Sommer N., Willcox N., Harcourt G. C., Newsom-Davis J., Myasthenic thymus and thymoma are selectively enriched in acetylcholine receptor-reactive T cells Annals of Neurology 1990 28 3 312 319 (Pubitemid 20292616)
11. Hill M. E., Shiono H., Newsom-Davis J., Willcox N., The myasthenia gravis thymus: a rare source of human autoantibody-secreting plasma cells for testing potential therapeutics Journal of Neuroimmunology 2008 201-202 50 56
12. Mantegazza R., Baggi F., Bernasconi P., Antozzi C., Confalonieri P., Novellino L., Spinelli L., Ferr M. T., Beghi E., Cornelio F., Video-assisted thoracoscopic extended thymectomy and extended transsternal thymectomy (T-3b) in non-thymomatous myasthenia gravis patients: remission after 6 years of follow-up Journal of the Neurological Sciences 2003 212 1-2 31 36 (Pubitemid 36700397)
13. Mnz C., Lnemann J. D., Getts M. T., Miller S. D., Antiviral immune responses: triggers of or triggered by autoimmunity? Nature Reviews Immunology 2009 9 4 246 258
14. Poa-Guyon S., Christadoss P., Le Panse R., Guyon T., De Baets M., Wakkach A., Bidault J., Tzartos S., Berrih-Aknin S., Effects of cytokines on acetylcholine receptor expression: implications for myasthenia gravis Journal of Immunology 2005 174 10 5941 5949 (Pubitemid 40663780)
15. Le Panse R., Cizeron-Clairac G., Bismuth J., Berrih-Aknin S., Microarrays reveal distinct gene signatures in the thymus of seropositive and seronegative myasthenia gravis patients and the role of CC chemokine ligand 21 in thymic hyperplasia Journal of Immunology 2006 177 11 7868 7879 (Pubitemid 44846302)
16. Cavalcante P., Barberis M., Cannone M., Baggi F., Antozzi C., Maggi L., Cornelio F., Barbi M., Did P., Berrih-Aknin S., Mantegazza R., Bernasconi P., Detection of poliovirus-infected macrophages in thymus of patients with myasthenia gravis Neurology 2010 74 14 1118 1126
17. Thorley-Lawson D. A., Epstein-Barr virus: exploiting the immune system Nature Reviews Immunology 2001 1 1 75 82 (Pubitemid 33741978)
18. Kppers R., B cells under influence: transformation of B cells by Epstein-Barr virus Nature Reviews Immunology 2003 3 10 801 812
19. Willis S. N., Stadelmann C., Rodig S. J., Caron T., Gattenloehner S., Mallozzi S. S., Roughan J. E., Almendinger S. E., Blewett M. M., Brck W., Hafler D. A., O'Connor K. C., Epstein-Barr virus infection is not a characteristic feature of multiple sclerosis brain Brain 2009 132 12 3318 3328
20. Stevens S. J. C., Vervoort M. B. H. J., Van Den Brule A. J. C., Meenhorst P. L., Meijer C. J. L. M., Middeldorp J. M., Monitoring of Epstein-Barr virus DNA load in peripheral blood by quantitative competitive PCR Journal of Clinical Microbiology 1999 37 9 2852 2857 (Pubitemid 29391899)
21. Cosmopoulos K., Pegtel M., Hawkins J., Moffett H., Novina C., Middeldorp J., Thorley-Lawson D. A., Comprehensive profiling of Epstein-Barr virus microRNAs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma Journal of Virology 2009 83 5 2357 2367
22. Fu Z., Cannon M. J., Functional analysis of the CD4+ T-cell response to Epstein-Barr virus: T-cell-mediated activation of resting B cells and induction of viral BZLF1 expression Journal of Virology 2000 74 14 6675 6679 (Pubitemid 30429839)
23. Ishihara K., Hirano T., IL-6 in autoimmune disease and chronic inflammatory proliferative disease Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews 2002 13 4-5 357 368
24. Lachmann H. J., Quartier P., So A., Hawkins P., The emerging role of interleukin-1 in autoinflammatory diseases Arthritis Rheumatism 2011 63 2 314 324
25. Feghali C. A., Wright T. M., Cytokines in acute and chronic inflammation Frontiers in Bioscience 1997 2 d12 26
26. Itoh K., Hirohata S., The role of IL-10 in human B cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation Journal of Immunology 1995 154 9 4341 4350
27. Luster A. D., ChemokinesChemotactic cytokines that mediate inflammation New England Journal of Medicine 1998 338 7 436 445 (Pubitemid 28135672)
28. Feferman T., Maiti P. K., Berrih-Aknin S., Bismuth J., Bidault J., Fuchs S., Souroujon M. C., Overexpression of IFN-induced protein 10 and its receptor CXCR3 in myasthenia gravis Journal of Immunology 2005 174 9 5324 5331 (Pubitemid 40598086)
29. Mantovani A., The chemokine system: redundancy for robust outputs Immunology Today 1999 20 6 254 257 (Pubitemid 29258161)
30. Sung H. K., Michael I. P., Nagy A., Multifaceted role of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling in adult tissue physiology: an emerging concept with clinical implications Current Opinion in Hematology 2010 17 3 206 212
31. Brunner M. C., Chambers C. A., Chan F. K. M., Hanke J., Winoto A., Allison J. P., CTLA-4-mediated inhibition of early events of T cell proliferation Journal of Immunology 1999 162 10 5813 5820 (Pubitemid 29314933)
32. Knieke K., Hoff H., Maszyna F., Kolar P., Schrage A., Harmann A., Debes G. F., Brunner-Weinzierl M. C., CD152 (CTLA-4) determines CD4 T cell migration in vitro and in vivo PLoS One 2009 4 5
33. Yan X., Chen Y. G., Smad7: not only a regulator, but also a cross-talk mediator of TGF- signaling Biochemistry Journal 2011 27 1 1 10
34. Schweizer A., Valdenaire O., Nelbock P., Deuschle U., Dumas Milne Edwards J. B., Stumpn J. G., Lffler B. M., Human endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE-1): three isoforms with distinct subcellular localizations Biochemical Journal 1997 328 3 871 877 (Pubitemid 28005788)
35. Haller O., Staeheli P., Kochs G., Interferon-induced Mx proteins in antiviral host defense Biochimie 2007 89 6-7 812 818 (Pubitemid 47001645)
36. Goulter A. B., Harmer D. W., Clark K. L., Evaluation of low density array technology for quantitative parallel measurement of multiple genes in human tissue BMC Genomics 2006 7 34 43
37. Colombara M., Antonini V., Riviera A. P., Mainiero F., Strippoli R., Merola M., Fracasso G., Poffe O., Brutti N., Tridente G., Colombatti M., Ramarli D., Constitutive activation of p38 and ERK1/2 MAPKs in epithelial cells of myasthenic thymus leads to IL-6 and RANTES overexpression: effects on survival and migration of peripheral T and B cells Journal of Immunology 2005 175 10 7021 7028 (Pubitemid 41598949)
38. Cohen-Kaminsky S., Devergne O., Delattre R. M., Klingel-Schmitt I., Emilie D., Galanaud P., Berrih-Aknin S., Interleukin-6 overproduction by cultured thymic epithelial cells from patients with myasthenia gravis is potentially involved in thymic hyperplasia European Cytokine Network 1993 4 2 121 132 (Pubitemid 23170950)
39. Bernasconi P., Barberis M., Baggi F., Passerini L., Cannone M., Arnoldi E., Novellino L., Cornelio F., Mantegazza R., Increased Toll-like receptor 4 expression in thymus of myasthenic patients American Journal of Pathology 2005 167 1 129 139 (Pubitemid 40884776)
40. Naka T., Nishimoto N., Kishimoto T., The paradigm of IL-6: from basic science to medicine Arthritis Research 2002 4 supplement 3 S233 S242
41. Taguchi M., Sampath D., Koga T., Castro M., Look D. C., Nakajima S., Holtzman M. J., Patterns for RANTES secretion and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression mediate transepithelial T cell traffic based on analyses in vitro and in vivo Journal of Experimental Medicine 1998 187 12 1927 1940 (Pubitemid 28285563)
42. Baggi F., Ubiali F., Nava S., Nessi V., Andreetta F., Rigamonti A., Maggi L., Mantegazza R., Antozzi C., Effect of IgG immunoadsorption on serum cytokines in MG and LEMS patients Journal of Neuroimmunology 2008 201-202 104 110
43. Samanta M., Iwakiri D., Takada K., Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA induces IL-10 through RIG-I-mediated IRF-3 signaling Oncogene 2008 27 30 4150 4160 (Pubitemid 351969916)
44. Berrih-Aknin S., Ruhlmann N., Bismuth J., Cizeron-Clairac G., Zelman E., Shachar I., Dartevelle P., De Rosbo N. K., Le Panse R., CCL21 overexpressed on lymphatic vessels drives thymic hyperplasia in myasthenia Annals of Neurology 2009 66 4 521 531
45. Leite M. I., Jones M., Strbel P., Marx A., Gold R., Niks E., Verschuuren J. J. G. M., Berrih-Aknin S., Scaravilli F., Canelhas A., Morgan B. P., Vincent A., Willcox N., Myasthenia gravis thymus: complement vulnerability of epithelial and myoid cells, complement attack on them, and correlations with autoantibody status American Journal of Pathology 2007 171 3 893 905 (Pubitemid 47440988)
46. Trinchieri G., Type I interferon: friend or foe? Journal of Experimental Medicine 2010 207 10 2053 2063
47. Cizeron-Clairac G., Le Panse R., Frenkian-Cuvelier M., Meraouna A., Truffault F., Bismuth J., Mussot S., Kerlero de Rosbo N., Berrih-Aknin S., Thymus and myasthenia gravis: what can we learn from DNA microarrays? Journal of Neuroimmunology 2008 201-202 57 63
48. Granato M., Farina A., Gonnella R., Santarelli R., Frati L., Faggioni A., Angeloni A., Regulation of the expression of the Epstein-Barr virus early gene BFRF1 Virology 2006 347 1 109 116
49. Aloisi F., Serafini B., Magliozzi R., Howell O. W., Reynolds R., Detection of Epstein-Barr virus and B-cell follicles in the multiple sclerosis brain: what you find depends on how and where you look Brain 2010 133 12 e157
50. Kaminski H. J., Minarovits J., Epstein-Barr virus: trigger for autoimmunity? Annals of Neurology 2010 67 6 697 698