Linking childhood sexual abuse and early adolescent risk behavior: The intervening role of internalizing and externalizing problems

Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology

Volumn 41, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 139-150

  Jones, Deborah J ^a   Lewis, Terri ^b   Litrownik, Alan ^c   Thompson, Richard ^d   Proctor, Laura J ^e   Isbell, Patricia ^f   Dubowitz, Howard ^g   English, Diana ^h   Jones, Bobby ⁱ   Nagin, Daniel ^j   Runyan, Desmond ^k  

^a University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM   (United States)

^c SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d Juvenile Protective Association   (United States)

^e HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^f IL   (United States)

^g UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^j CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^k UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

Adolescence; Childhood sexual abuse; Externalizing problems; Gender; Internalizing problems; Risk behavior

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; CHILD; CHILD BEHAVIOR; CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE; DRINKING BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; HIGH RISK BEHAVIOR; HUMAN; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL DISEASE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR;

ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR; ALCOHOL DRINKING; CHILD; CHILD ABUSE, SEXUAL; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; FEMALE; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MENTAL DISORDERS; RISK-TAKING; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR;

EID: 84872416300     PISSN: 00910627     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10802-012-9656-1     Document Type: Article

References (99)

1. Abrantes, A. M.; Strong, D.; Ramsey, S. E.; Kazura, A. N.; & Brown, R. (2006). HIV risk behaviors among psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents with and without comorbid SUD. Journal of Dual Diagnoses, 2, 85-100.
2. Achenbach, T. (2009). Some needed changes in the DSM-V: but what about children? Clinical Psychology: Science & Practice, 16, 50-53.
3. Achenbach, T.; & Edelbrock, C. (1991). Manual for the child behavior checklist/4-18 and 1991 profile. Burlington: University of Vermont Department of Psychiatry.
4. Advocates for Youth, "Child Sexual Abuse: An Overview," January 1995. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. (2004). Child Sexual Abuse. Washington, D.C.: American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
5. Angold, A. (1988). Childhood and adolescent depression: II. Research in clinical populations. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 476-492. doi: 10.1192/bjp.153.4.476.
6. Bagley, C.; Bolitho, F.; & Bertrand, L. (1995). Mental health profiles, suicidal behavior, and community sexual assault in 2112 Canadian adolescents. Crisis, 16, 126-131.
7. Barnes, J. E.; Noll, J. G.; Putnam, F. W.; & Trickett, P. K. (2009). Sexual and physical revictimization among victims of severe childhood sexual abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 33, 412-420.
8. Barnett, D.; Manly, J. T.; & Cicchetti, D. (1993). Defining child maltreatment: The interface between policy and research. In D. Cicchetti & S. L. Toth (Eds.), Child abuse, child development, and social policy (pp. 7-73). Norwood: Ablex.
9. Baron, R. M.; & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
10. Baumeister, R. (1988). Should we stop studying sex differences all together? American Psychologist, 43, 1092-1095.
11. Beitchman, J. H.; Zucker, K. J.; Hood, J. E.; daCosta, G. A.; Akman, D.; & Cassavia, E. (1992). A review of the long-term effects of child sexual abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 16, 101-118.
12. Bell-Dolan, D. J.; Foster, S. L.; & Mash, E. J. (2005). Handbook of behavioral and emotional problems in girls. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum.
13. Briere, J. (2004). Integrating HIV/AIDS prevention activities into psychotherapy for sexual abuse survivors. In L. J. Koenig, L. S. Doll, A. O'Leary, & W. Pequegnat (Eds.), From child sexual abuse to adult sexual risk: Trauma, revictimization, and intervention (pp. 219-232). Washington, DC: APA.
14. Brown, L. K.; Hadley, W.; Stewart, A.; Lescano, C.; Whiteley, L.; Donenberg, G.; DiClemente, R.; & the Project Style Study Group. (2010). Psychiatric disorders and sexual risk among adolescents in mental health treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 590-597.
15. Bureau of Justice Statistics, US Department of Justice. (2000). Sexual assault of young children as reported to law enforcement: victim, incident, and offender characteristics. July.
16. CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS): Selected health risk behaviors and health outcomes by race/ethnicity. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
17. CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011a). HIV among Youth. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/youth/.
18. CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011b). Sexually transmitted disease surveillance 2010. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/std/ stats.
19. CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011c). Vital signs: teen pregnancy - United States, 1991-2009 MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep (2011/04/08 ed.; Vol. 60, pp. 414-420): Centers for Disease Control.
20. Cicchetti, D.; & Rizley, R. (1981). Developmental perspectives on the etiology, intergenerational transmission and sequelae of child maltreatment. New Directions for Child Development, 11, 31-55.
21. Cicchetti, D.; & Toth, S. L. (1995). A developmental psychopathology perspective on child abuse and neglect. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 541-565.
22. Classen, C. C.; Palesh, O. G.; & Aggarwal, R. (2005). Sexual revictimization: a review of the empirical literature. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 6, 103-129.
23. Clum, G.; Andrinopoulos, K.; Muessing, K.; Ellen, J. A.; & the Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions. (2009). Child abuse in young, HIV-positive women: linkages to risk. Qualitative Health Research, 19, 1755-1768.
24. Clum, G. A.; Chung, S. E.; Ellen, J. M.; Perez, V.; Murphy, D. A.; Harper, G. W.; et al. (2011). Victimization and sexual risk behavior in young, HIV positive women: exploration of mediators. AIDS and Behavior.
25. Cohen, J. A.; Mannarino, A. P.; & Deblinger, E. (2006). Treating trauma and traumatic grief in children and adolescents. New York: Guilford.
26. Colder, C. R.; Chassin, L.; Lee, M. R.; & Villalta, I. K. (2010). Developmental perspectives: Affect and adolescent substance use. In J. Kassel (Ed.), Substance abuse and emotion (pp. 109-136). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
27. Cole, E. R.; & Stewart, A. J. (2001). Invidious comparisons: imagining a psychology of race and gender beyond differences. Political Psychology, 22, 293-308.
28. Coohey, C. (2010). Gender differences in internalizing problems among sexually abused early adolescents. Child Abuse & Neglect, 34, 856-862.
29. Crockett, L. J.; Raffaelli, M.; & Shen, Y. (2006). Linking self regulation and risk proneness to risky sexual behavior: pathways through peer pressure and early substance use. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 16, 503-525.
30. D'Amico, E. J.; & McCarthy, D. M. (2006). Escalation and initiation of younger adolescents' substance use: the impact of perceived use. Journal of Adolescent Health, 39, 481-487.
31. Danielson, C. K.; McCart, M.; de Arellano, M. A.; Macdonald, A.; Silcott, L.; & Resnick, H. (2010). Risk reduction for substance use and trauma-related psychopathology in adolescent sexual assault victims: findings from an open trial. Child Maltreatment, 15, 261-268.
32. Donovan, J. E.; & Jessor, R. (1985). Structure of problem behavior in adolescence and young adulthood. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53, 890-904.
33. Dubowitz, H.; Pitts, S.; Litrownick, A.; Cox, C. E.; Runyan, D.; & Black, M. (2005). Defining child neglect based on Child Protective Services data. Child Abuse & Neglect, 29, 493-511.
34. Else-Quest, N. M.; Hyde, J. S.; Goldsmith, H. H.; & Van Hulle, C. A. (2006). Gender differences in temperament: a meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 132, 33-72.
35. English, D. J.; Graham, J. C.; Litrownik, A. J.; Everson, M.; & Bangdiwala, S. I. (2005). Defining maltreatment chronicity: are there differences in child outcomes? Child Abuse & Neglect, 29, 575-595.
36. Everson, M. D.; Smith, J. B.; Hussey, J. M.; English, D.; Litrownik, A. J.; Dubowitz, H.; Thompson, R.; Knight, E. D.; & Runyan, D. (2008). Concordance between adolescent reports of childhood abuse and Child Protective Service determinations in an at-risk sample of young adolescents. Child Maltreatment, 13(1), 14-26.
37. Finkelhor, D.; & Browne, A. (1985). The traumatic impact of child sexual abuse: a conceptualization. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 55, 530-541.
38. Finkelhor, D.; Hammer, H.; & Sedlak, A. J. (2004). Sexually assaulted children: National estimates and characteristics, in OJJDP: Juvenile Justice Bulletin. U.S. Department of Justice.
39. Garnefski, N.; & Arends, E. (1998). Sexual abuse and adolescent maladjustment: differences between male and female victims. Journal of Adolescence, 21, 99-107.
40. Garnefski, N.; & Diekstra, R. F. (1990). Child sexual abuse and emotional and behavioral problems in adolescence: gender differences. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 36, 323-329.
41. Haapasalo, J.; Tremblay, R. E.; Boulerice, B.; & Vitaro, F. (2000). Relative advantages of person and variable centered approaches to predicting problem behavior from kindergarten assessments. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 16, 145-168.
42. Hare-Mustin, R.; & Marecek, J. (1994). Asking the right questions: feminist psychology and sex differences. Feminism and Psychology, 4, 531-537.
43. Hayes, A. F. (2009). Beyond Baron and Kenny: statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Communication Monographs, 76, 408-420.
44. Heflinger, C. A.; Simpkins, C. G.; & Combs-Orme, T. (2000). Using the CBCL to determine the clinical status of children in state custody. Children and Youth Services Review, 22, 55-73.
45. Hien, D. A.; Campbell, A. N. C.; Killeen, T.; Hu, M.-C.; Hansen, C.; Jiang, H.; Hatch-Maillette, M.; Miele, G. M.; Cohen, L. R.; Gan, W.; Resko, S. M.; DiBono, M.; Wells, E. A.; & Nunes, E. V. (2010). The impact of trauma-focused group therapy upon HIV sexual risk behaviors in the NIDA Clinical Trials Network "Women and Trauma" multi-site study. AIDS and Behavior, 14, 421-430.
46. Hussey, J. M.; Marshall, J. M.; English, D. J.; Knight, E. D.; Lau, A. S.; Dubowitz, H.; & Kotch, J. B. (2005). Defining maltreatment according to substantiation: distinction without a difference? Child Abuse and Neglect, 29, 479-492.
47. Jessor, R.; van den Bos, J.; Vanderryn, J.; Costa, F. M.; & Turbin, M. S. (1995). Protective factors in adolescent problem behavior: moderator effects and developmental change. Developmental Psychology, 31, 923-933.
48. Johnston, L. D.; O'Malley, P. M.; Bachman, J. G.; & Schulenberg, J. E. (2009). Monitoring the Future national results on adolescent drug use: Overview of key findings, 2008 (NIH Publication No. 09-7401) (p. 73). Bethesda: National Institute on Drug Abuse.
49. Jones, B.; Nagin, D. S.; & Roeder, K. (2001). A SAS procedure based on mixture models for estimating developmental trajectories. Sociological Research and Methods, 29, 374-393.
50. Jones, D. J.; Runyan, D.; Lewis, T.; Litrownik, A.; Black, M.; Wiley, T.; English, D.; Proctor, L.; Jones, B. L.; & Nagin, D. (2010). Violence exposure trajectories among high risk youth and their association with two subsequent HIV/AIDS risk behaviors. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 39, 667-680.
51. Kamphaus, R. W.; & Frick, P. J. (1996). Clinical assessment of child and adolescent personality and behavior. Needham Heights, MA US: Allyn & Bacon.
52. Kearney, C. A.; Wechsler, A.; Kaur, H.; & Lemos-Miller, A. (2010). Posttraumatic stress disorder in maltreated youth: a review of contemporary research and thought. Clinical Child and Family Psychology, Review, 13, 46-76.
53. Kendall-Tackett, K.; Williams, L.; & Finkelhor, D. (1993). Impact of sexual abuse on children: a review and synthesis of recent empirical articles. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 164-180.
54. Kohl, P. L.; Jonson-Reid, M.; & Drake, B. (2009). Time to leave substantiation behind: findings from a national probability study. Child Maltreatment, 14, 17-26.
55. Lahey, B. B.; Applegate, B.; Waldman, I. D.; Loft, J. D.; Hankin, B. L.; & Rick, J. (2004). The structure of child and adolescent psychopathology: generating new hypotheses. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 113, 358-385.
56. Lang, J. M.; Ford, J. D.; & Fitzgerald, M. M. (2010). An algorithm for determining the use of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice, 47, 554-569.
57. Lewis, T.; Kotch, J.; Litrownik, A.; English, D. J.; Thompson, R.; Zolotor, A. J.; Block, S.; & Duobowitz, H. (2011). Internalizing problems: a potential pathway from childhood maltreatment to adolescent smoking. Journal of Adolescent Health, 48, 247-252.
58. Liau, A.; DiClemente, R. J.; Wingood, G. M.; & Crosby, R. A. (2002). Associations between biologically confirmed marijuana use and sexually transmitted diseases among African American adolescent females. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 29, 387-390.
59. Litrownik, A. J.; Lau, A.; English, D.; Briggs, E.; Newton, R.; Romney, S.; & Dubowitz, H. (2005). Measuring the severity of child maltreatment. Child Abuse & Neglect, 29, 553-573.
60. Maikovich-Fong, A.; & Jaffee, S. R. (2010). Sex differences in childhood sexual abuse characteristics and victims' emotional and behavioral problems: findings from a national sample of youth. Child Abuse & Neglect, 34(6), 429-437. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.10.006.
61. Mash, E. J.; & Barkley, R. A. (2003). Child psychopathology. New York: Guilford Press.
62. McLeod, J. D.; & Knight, S. (2010). The association of socioemotinal problems and early sexual initiation. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 42, 93-101.
63. Mrug, S.; & Windle, M. (2009). Initiation of alcohol use in early adolescence: links with exposure to community violence over time. Addictive Behaviors, 34, 779-781.
64. Mugavero, M. J.; Pence, B. W.; Whetten, K.; Leserman, J.; Swartz, M.; Stangl, D.; & Thielman, N. M. (2007). Childhood abuse and initial presentation for HIV care: an opportunity for early intervention. AIDS Care, 19, 1083-1087.
65. Muller, D.; Judd, C. M.; & Yzerbyt, V. T. (2005). When moderation is mediation and mediation is moderated. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 89, 852-863.
66. Muthen, L. K.; & Muthen, B. O. (2008). MPlus user's guide (5th ed.). Los Angeles: Muthen & Muthen.
67. Nagin, D. (2005). Group-based modeling of development. Cambridge: Harvard University.
68. Nagin, D.; & Odgers, C. L. (2010). Group-based trajectory modeling in clinical research. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 6, 109-138.
69. NIAAA. (2003). National academies report to Congress released. Available from www.alcoholfreechildren.org/en/news/articles.
70. Noll, J. G.; Trickett, P. K.; & Putnam, F. W. (2003). A prospective investigation of the impact of childhood sexual abuse on the development of sexuality. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 71, 575-586. doi: 10.1037/0022-006x.71.3.575.
71. Phinney, J. (1996). When we talk about American ethnic groups, what do we mean? American Psychologist, 51, 918-927.
72. Preacher, K. J.; & Hayes, A. F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research, Methods, Instruments, and Computers, 36, 717-731.
73. Preacher, K. J.; Rucker, D. D.; & Hayes, A. F. (2007). Addressing moderated mediation hypotheses: theory, methods, and prescriptions. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 42, 185-227.
74. Putnam, F. W. (2003). Ten year research update review: Child sexual abuse. Journal of the Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 42.
75. Pynoos, R. S.; Steinberg, A. M.; Layne, C. M.; Briggs, E. C.; Ostrowski, S. A.; & Fairbank, J. A. (2009). DSM-V PTSD diagnostic criteria for children and adolescents: a developmental perspective and recommendations. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 22, 391-398.
76. Quina, K.; Morokoff, P. J.; Harlow, L. L.; & Zurbriggen, E. L. (2003). Cognitive and attitudinal paths from childhood trauma to adult HIV risk. In L. Koenig, L. Doll, A. O'Leary, & W. Pequegnat (Eds.), From child sexual abuse to adult sexual risk: Trauma, revictimization, and intervention (pp. 117-134). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
77. Rind, B.; Tromovitch, P.; & Bauserman, R. (1998). A meta-analytic examination of assumed properties of child sexual abuse using college samples. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 22-53.
78. Ruggiero, K. J.; & McLeer, S. V. (2000). PTSD scale of the Child Behavior Checklist: concurrent and discriminant validity with non-clinic referred sexually abused children. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 13, 287-299.
79. Runyan, D. K.; Curtis, P. A.; Hunter, W. M.; Black, M. M.; Kotch, J. B.; Bangdiwala, S.; Dubowitz, H.; English, D.; Everson, M. D.; & Landsverk, J. (1998). LONGSCAN: a consortium for longitudinal studies of maltreatment and the life course of children. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 3, 275-285.
80. Saigh, P. A.; Yasik, A. E.; Oberfield, R. A.; Halamandaris, P. V.; & McHugh, M. (2002). An analysis of internalizing and externalizing behaviors of traumatized urban youth with and without PTSD. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111, 462-470.
81. Schofield, H. L.; Bierman, K. L.; Heinrichs, B.; Nix, R. L.; & the Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group. (2008). Predicting early sexual activity with behavior problems exhibited at school entry and in early adolescence. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 1175-1188.
82. Sedlak, A. J.; & Broadhurst, D. D. (1996). Executive summary of the third national incidence study of child abuse and neglect. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Administration on Children, Youth and Families, National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect.
83. Senn, T. E.; Carey, M. P.; & Vanable, P. A. (2008). Childhood and adolescent sexual abuse and subsequent sexual risk behavior: evidence from controlled studies, methodological critique, and suggestions for research. Clinical Psychology Review, 28, 711-735.
84. Senn, T. E.; & Carey, M. P. (2010). Child maltreatment and women's adult sexual risk behavior: childhood sexual abuse as a unique risk factor. Child Maltreatment, 15(4), 324-335. doi: 10.1177/1077559510381112.
85. Shaffer, D.; Fisher, P.; Lucas, C.; Dulcan, M.; & Schwab-Stone, M. (2000). NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children version IV (NIMH DISC-IV): description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 28-38.
86. Sikkema, K. J.; Hansen, N. B.; Kochman, A.; Tarakeshwar, N.; Neufeld, S.; Meade, C. S.; et al. (2007). Outcomes from a group intervention for coping with HIV/AIDS and childhood sexual abuse: reductions in traumatic stress. AIDS and Behavior, 11, 49-60.
87. Sikkema, K. J.; Wilson, P. A.; Hansen, N. B.; Kochman, A.; Neufeld, S.; Ghebremichael, M. S.; et al. (2008). Effects of a coping intervention on transmission risk behavior among people living with HIV/AIDS and a history of childhood sexual abuse. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 47, 506-513.
88. Simoes, C.; Batista-Foguet, J. M.; Matos, M. G.; & Calmeiro, L. (2008). Alcohol use and abuse in adolescence: proposal of an alternative analysis. Child Care, Health, and Development, 34, 291-301.
89. Spaccarelli, S. (1994). Stress, appraisal, and coping in child sexual abuse: a theoretical and empirical review. Psychological Bulletin, 116, 340-362.
90. Stanton, B.; Black, M.; & Fiegelman, S. (1995). Development of a culturally, theoretically, and developmentally based survey instrument for assessing risk behaviors among African American early adolescents living in urban low income neighborhoods. AIDS Prevention and Education, 7, 160-177.
91. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2005). Results from the 2004 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings (Office of Applied Studies, NSDUH Series H-28, DHHS Publication No. SMA 05-4062). Rockville, MD.
92. Taylor, K. W.; & Kliewer, W. (2006). Violence exposure and early adolescent alcohol use: an exploratory study of family risk and protective factors. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 15, 207-221.
93. Trickett, P. K.; & Putnam, F. W. (1998). Developmental consequences of child sexual abuse. In P. K. Trickett & C. Schellenbach (Eds.), Violence against children in the family and community (pp. 39-56). Washington, DC: APA.
94. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2007). The surgeon general's call to action to prevent and reduce underage drinking: A guide to action for educators. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General.
95. Walker, J. L.; Carey, P. D.; Mohr, N.; Stein, D. J.; & Seedat, S. (2004). Gender differences in the prevalence of childhood sexual abuse and in the development of pediatric PTSD. Archives of Women's Health, 7, 111-121.
96. Wilson, H. W.; & Widom, C. S. (2008). An examination of risky sexual behavior and HIV in victims of child abuse and neglect: a 30 year follow-up. Health Psychology, 27, 149-158.
97. Wilson, H. W.; & Widom, C. S. (2011). Pathways from childhood abuse and neglect to HIV-risk sexual behavior in middle adulthood. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology.
98. Zahn-Waxler, C.; Shirtcliff, E. A.; & Marceau, K. (2008). Disorders of childhood and adolescence: gender and psychopathology. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 4, 275-303.
99. Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J.; & Helfand, M. (2008). Ten years of longitudinal research on U.S. adolescent sexual behavior: developmental correlates of sexual intercourse, and the importance of age, gender, and ethnic background. Developmental Review, 28, 153-224.