메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 12, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 12-22

Cryptococcus neoformans phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) ortholog is required for stress tolerance and survival in murine phagocytes

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

2 AMINO N [4 [5 (2 PHENANTHRENYL) 3 TRIFLUOROMETHYL 1H PYRAZOL 1 YL]PHENYL]ACETAMIDE; 3 PHOSPHOINOSITIDE DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE; 3-PHOSPHOINOSITIDE-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE; ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; FLUCONAZOLE; PROTEIN SERINE THREONINE KINASE; PYRAZOLE DERIVATIVE; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; SULFONAMIDE;

EID: 84871995941     PISSN: 15359778     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/EC.00235-12     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (29)

References (55)
  • 2
    • 62349130224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation ofthe current global burdenof cryptococcal meningitis among persons living with HIV/AIDS
    • Park BJ, Wannemuehler KA, Marston BJ, Govender N, Pappas PG, Chiller TM. 2009. Estimation ofthe current global burdenof cryptococcal meningitis among persons living with HIV/AIDS. AIDS 23:525-530.
    • (2009) AIDS , vol.23 , pp. 525-530
    • Park, B.J.1    Wannemuehler, K.A.2    Marston, B.J.3    Govender, N.4    Pappas, P.G.5    Chiller, T.M.6
  • 3
    • 23944527376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral roll-out, antifungal roll-back: Access to treatment for cryptococcal meningitis
    • Bicanic T, Wood R, Bekker L-G, Darder M, Meintjes G, Harrison TS. 2005. Antiretroviral roll-out, antifungal roll-back: access to treatment for cryptococcal meningitis. Infect. Lancet 5:530-531.
    • (2005) Infect. Lancet , vol.5 , pp. 530-531
    • Bicanic, T.1    Wood, R.2    Bekker, L.-G.3    Darder, M.4    Meintjes, G.5    Harrison, T.S.6
  • 5
    • 84864446193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary fungal infections
    • Smith JA, Kauffman CA. 2012. Pulmonary fungal infections. Respirology 17:913-926.
    • (2012) Respirology , vol.17 , pp. 913-926
    • Smith, J.A.1    Kauffman, C.A.2
  • 6
    • 70249093302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in resource limited settings
    • Sloan DJ, Dedicoat MJ, Lalloo DG. 2009. Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in resource limited settings. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 22:455-463.
    • (2009) Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis , vol.22 , pp. 455-463
    • Sloan, D.J.1    Dedicoat, M.J.2    Lalloo, D.G.3
  • 8
    • 33750341078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New agents for the treatment of fungal infections: Clinical efficacy and gaps in coverage
    • Spanakis EK, Aperis G, Mylonakis E. 2006. New agents for the treatment of fungal infections: clinical efficacy and gaps in coverage. Clin. Infect. Dis. 43:1060-1068.
    • (2006) Clin. Infect. Dis , vol.43 , pp. 1060-1068
    • Spanakis, E.K.1    Aperis, G.2    Mylonakis, E.3
  • 10
    • 47049090269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress, drugs, and evolution: The role of cellular signaling in the fungal drug resistance
    • Cowen LE, Steinbach WJ. 2008. Stress, drugs, and evolution: the role of cellular signaling in the fungal drug resistance. Eukaryot. Cell 7:747-764.
    • (2008) Eukaryot. Cell , vol.7 , pp. 747-764
    • Cowen, L.E.1    Steinbach, W.J.2
  • 11
    • 59849124593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signaling pathway in the patho-genesis of Cryptococcus
    • Kozubowski L, Lee SC, Heitman J. 2009. Signaling pathway in the patho-genesis of Cryptococcus. Cell. Microbiol. 11:370-378.
    • (2009) Cell. Microbiol , vol.11 , pp. 370-378
    • Kozubowski, L.1    Lee, S.C.2    Heitman, J.3
  • 13
    • 0242690174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coping with stress: Calmodulin and calcineu-rin in model and pathogenic fungi
    • Kraus PR, Heitman J. 2003. Coping with stress: calmodulin and calcineu-rin in model and pathogenic fungi. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 311:1151-1157.
    • (2003) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun , vol.311 , pp. 1151-1157
    • Kraus, P.R.1    Heitman, J.2
  • 14
    • 84863077448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cAMP/protein kinase A pathway and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Kronstad JW, Hu G, Choi J. 2011. The cAMP/protein kinase A pathway and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans. Microbiology 39:143-150.
    • (2011) Microbiology , vol.39 , pp. 143-150
    • Kronstad, J.W.1    Hu, G.2    Choi, J.3
  • 15
    • 18244375808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specialization of the HOG pathway and its impact on differentiation and virulence of Crypto-coccus neoformans
    • Bahn YS, Kojima K, Cox GM, Heitman J. 2005. Specialization of the HOG pathway and its impact on differentiation and virulence of Crypto-coccus neoformans. Mol. Biol. Cell 16:2285-2300.
    • (2005) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.16 , pp. 2285-2300
    • Bahn, Y.S.1    Kojima, K.2    Cox, G.M.3    Heitman, J.4
  • 17
    • 79957449178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification, in vitro activity, and mode of action of phosphoinositide-dependent-1 kinase inhibitors as antifungal molecules
    • Baxter BK, DiDone L, Oga D, Schor S, Krysan DJ. 2011. Identification, in vitro activity, and mode of action of phosphoinositide-dependent-1 kinase inhibitors as antifungal molecules. ACS Chem. Biol. 6:502-510.
    • (2011) ACS Chem. Biol , vol.6 , pp. 502-510
    • Baxter, B.K.1    Didone, L.2    Oga, D.3    Schor, S.4    Krysan, D.J.5
  • 18
    • 0033602281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional counterparts of mammalian protein kinase PDK1 and SGK in budding yeast
    • Casamayor A, Torrance PD, Kobayashi T, Thorner J, Alessi DR. 1999. Functional counterparts of mammalian protein kinase PDK1 and SGK in budding yeast. Curr. Biol. 9:186-197.
    • (1999) Curr. Biol , vol.9 , pp. 186-197
    • Casamayor, A.1    Torrance, P.D.2    Kobayashi, T.3    Thorner, J.4    Alessi, D.R.5
  • 19
    • 0036734541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pkh1 and Pkh2 differentially phosphorylate and activate Ypk1 and Ykr2 and define pro-teinase modules required for cell wall integrity
    • Roelants FM, Torrance PD, Bezman N, Thorner J. 2002. Pkh1 and Pkh2 differentially phosphorylate and activate Ypk1 and Ykr2 and define pro-teinase modules required for cell wall integrity. Mol. Biol. Cell 13:3005-3028.
    • (2002) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.13 , pp. 3005-3028
    • Roelants, F.M.1    Torrance, P.D.2    Bezman, N.3    Thorner, J.4
  • 20
    • 57549101230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small molecule inhibitors of PDK1
    • Peifer C, Alessi DR. 2008. Small molecule inhibitors of PDK1. ChemMedChem 3:1810-1838.
    • (2008) ChemMedChem , vol.3 , pp. 1810-1838
    • Peifer, C.1    Alessi, D.R.2
  • 22
    • 82755163564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein kinase Ypk1 phosphorylates regulatory proteins Orm1 and Orm2 to control sphingolipid homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Roelants FM, Breslow DK, Muir A, Weissman J, Thorner J. 2011. Protein kinase Ypk1 phosphorylates regulatory proteins Orm1 and Orm2 to control sphingolipid homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 108:19222-19227.
    • (2011) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A , vol.108 , pp. 19222-19227
    • Roelants, F.M.1    Breslow, D.K.2    Muir, A.3    Weissman, J.4    Thorner, J.5
  • 23
    • 84862571264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orm protein phosphoregulation mediates transient sphigolipid biosynthesis response to heat stress via the Pkh-Ypk and Cdc55-PP2A pathways
    • Sun Y, Miao Y, Yamane Y, Zhang C, Shokat KM, Takematsu H, Kozutsumi Y, Drubin DG. 2012. Orm protein phosphoregulation mediates transient sphigolipid biosynthesis response to heat stress via the Pkh-Ypk and Cdc55-PP2A pathways. Mol. Biol. Cell 23:2388-2398.
    • (2012) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.23 , pp. 2388-2398
    • Sun, Y.1    Miao, Y.2    Yamane, Y.3    Zhang, C.4    Shokat, K.M.5    Takematsu, H.6    Kozutsumi, Y.7    Drubin, D.G.8
  • 24
    • 0035803482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sphingoid base signaling via Pkh kinases is required for endocytosis in yeast
    • Friant S, Lombardi R, Schmelzle T, Hall MN, Riezman H. 2001. Sphingoid base signaling via Pkh kinases is required for endocytosis in yeast. EMBO J. 20:6783-6792.
    • (2001) EMBO J , vol.20 , pp. 6783-6792
    • Friant, S.1    Lombardi, R.2    Schmelzle, T.3    Hall, M.N.4    Riezman, H.5
  • 25
    • 79953197533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrients and the Pkh1/2 and Pkc1 protein kinases control mRNA decay and P-body assembly in yeast
    • Lou G, Costanzo M, Boone C, Dickson RC. 2011. Nutrients and the Pkh1/2 and Pkc1 protein kinases control mRNA decay and P-body assembly in yeast. J. Biol. Chem. 18:8759-8770.
    • (2011) J. Biol. Chem , vol.18 , pp. 8759-8770
    • Lou, G.1    Costanzo, M.2    Boone, C.3    Dickson, R.C.4
  • 27
    • 44849101230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sphingo-lipid long chain base-Pkh1/2-Ypk1/2 signaling pathway regulates eiso-some assembly and turnover
    • Luo G, Gruhler A, Liu Y, Jensen ON, Dickson RC. 2008. The sphingo-lipid long chain base-Pkh1/2-Ypk1/2 signaling pathway regulates eiso-some assembly and turnover. J. Biol. Chem. 283:10433-10444.
    • (2008) J. Biol. Chem , vol.283 , pp. 10433-10444
    • Luo, G.1    Gruhler, A.2    Liu, Y.3    Jensen, O.N.4    Dickson, R.C.5
  • 28
    • 84871954222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential roles of PDK1-and PDK2-phosphorylation sites in the yeast AGC kinases Ypk1, Pck1, and Sch9
    • Roelants FM, Torrance PD, Thorner J. 2004. Differential roles of PDK1-and PDK2-phosphorylation sites in the yeast AGC kinases Ypk1, Pck1, and Sch9. Microbiology 286:22017-22027.
    • (2004) Microbiology , vol.286 , pp. 22017-22027
    • Roelants, F.M.1    Torrance, P.D.2    Thorner, J.3
  • 29
    • 79959326640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yeast phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1) orthologs Pkh1-1 differentially regulate phosphorylation of protein kinase A (PKA) and the protein kinase B(PKB)/S6K ortholog Sch9
    • Voordeckers K, Kimpe M, Haesendonckx S, Louwet W, Versele M, Thevelein JM. 2011. Yeast phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1) orthologs Pkh1-1 differentially regulate phosphorylation of protein kinase A (PKA) and the protein kinase B(PKB)/S6K ortholog Sch9. J. Biol. Chem. 286:22017-22207.
    • (2011) J. Biol. Chem , vol.286 , pp. 22017-22207
    • Voordeckers, K.1    Kimpe, M.2    Haesendonckx, S.3    Louwet, W.4    Versele, M.5    Thevelein, J.M.6
  • 30
    • 77649251688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An extensive circuitry for cell wall regulation in Candida albicans
    • doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000752
    • Blankenship JR, Fanning S, Hamaker JJ, Mitchell AP. 2010. An extensive circuitry for cell wall regulation in Candida albicans. PLoS Pathog. 5:e1000752. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000752.
    • (2010) PLoS Pathog , vol.5
    • Blankenship, J.R.1    Fanning, S.2    Hamaker, J.J.3    Mitchell, A.P.4
  • 31
    • 52949114243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic genetic analysis of virulence in the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Liu OW, Chun CD, Chow ED, Chen C, Madhani H, Nobel SM. 2008. Systematic genetic analysis of virulence in the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. Cell 135:174-188.
    • (2008) Cell , vol.135 , pp. 174-188
    • Liu, O.W.1    Chun, C.D.2    Chow, E.D.3    Chen, C.4    Madhani, H.5    Nobel, S.M.6
  • 32
    • 84862805988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of PDK1, Pkc, and Tor signaling pathways in basal fluconazole tolerance in Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Lee H, Khanal Lamichhane A, Garraffo HM, Kwon-Chung KJ, Chang YC. 2012. Involvement of PDK1, Pkc, and Tor signaling pathways in basal fluconazole tolerance in Cryptococcus neoformans. Mol. Microbiol. 84: 130-146.
    • (2012) Mol. Microbiol , vol.84 , pp. 130-146
    • Lee, H.1    Khanal Lamichhane, A.2    Garraffo, H.M.3    Kwon-Chung, K.J.4    Chang, Y.C.5
  • 33
    • 58149136353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Candida albicans cell surface superoxide dismutases degrade host-derived reactive oxygen species to escape innate immunity
    • Frohner IE, Bourgeois L, Yatsyk K, Majer O, Kuchler K. 2009. Candida albicans cell surface superoxide dismutases degrade host-derived reactive oxygen species to escape innate immunity. Mol. Microbiol. 71:240-252.
    • (2009) Mol. Microbiol , vol.71 , pp. 240-252
    • Frohner, I.E.1    Bourgeois, L.2    Yatsyk, K.3    Majer, O.4    Kuchler, K.5
  • 34
    • 58449091560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Live Candida albicans suppresses production of reactive oxygen species in phagocytes
    • Wellington M, Dolan K, Krysan DJ. 2009. Live Candida albicans suppresses production of reactive oxygen species in phagocytes. Infect. Im-mun. 77:405-413.
    • (2009) Infect. Im-mun , vol.77 , pp. 405-413
    • Wellington, M.1    Dolan, K.2    Krysan, D.J.3
  • 35
    • 84863692804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracellular superoxide dismutase protects Histoplasma yeast cells from host-derived oxidative stress
    • doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002713
    • Youseff BH, Holbrook ED, Smolnycki KA, Rappleye CA. 2012. Extracellular superoxide dismutase protects Histoplasma yeast cells from host-derived oxidative stress. PLoS Pathog. 8:e1002713. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002713.
    • (2012) PLoS Pathog , vol.8
    • Youseff, B.H.1    Holbrook, E.D.2    Smolnycki, K.A.3    Rappleye, C.A.4
  • 37
    • 54249109568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pkc1 is essential for protection against both oxidative and nitrosative stresses, cell integrity, and normal manifestation of virulence factors in the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Gerik KJ, Bhimireddy SR, Ryerse JS, Specht CA, Lodge JK. 2008. Pkc1 is essential for protection against both oxidative and nitrosative stresses, cell integrity, and normal manifestation of virulence factors in the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. Eukaryot. Cell 7:1685-1698.
    • (2008) Eukaryot. Cell , vol.7 , pp. 1685-1698
    • Gerik, K.J.1    Bhimireddy, S.R.2    Ryerse, J.S.3    Specht, C.A.4    Lodge, J.K.5
  • 40
    • 67650093016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surfactant protein D increases phagocytosis of hypocap-sular Cryptococcus neoformans by murine macrophages and enhances fungal survival
    • Geunes-Boyer S, Oliver TN, Janbon G, Lodge JK, Heitman J, Perfect JR, Wright JR. 2009. Surfactant protein D increases phagocytosis of hypocap-sular Cryptococcus neoformans by murine macrophages and enhances fungal survival. Infect. Immun. 77:2783-2794.
    • (2009) Infect. Immun , vol.77 , pp. 2783-2794
    • Geunes-Boyer, S.1    Oliver, T.N.2    Janbon, G.3    Lodge, J.K.4    Heitman, J.5    Perfect, J.R.6    Wright, J.R.7
  • 42
    • 33846024055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caffeine targets TOR complex 1 and provides evidence for a regulatory link FRB and kinase domains of Tor1p
    • Reinke A, Chen JC, Aronova S, Powers T. 2006. Caffeine targets TOR complex 1 and provides evidence for a regulatory link FRB and kinase domains of Tor1p. J. Biol. Chem. 281:31616-31626.
    • (2006) J. Biol. Chem , vol.281 , pp. 31616-31626
    • Reinke, A.1    Chen, J.C.2    Aronova, S.3    Powers, T.4
  • 43
    • 84871944260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reference deleted
    • Reference deleted.
  • 44
    • 0038460048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Cryptococcus neoformans MAP kinase Mpk1 regulates cell integrity response to antifungal drugs and loss calcineurin function
    • Kraus PR, Fox DS, Cox GM, Heitman J. 2003. The Cryptococcus neoformans MAP kinase Mpk1 regulates cell integrity response to antifungal drugs and loss calcineurin function. Mol. Microbiol. 48:1377-1387.
    • (2003) Mol. Microbiol , vol.48 , pp. 1377-1387
    • Kraus, P.R.1    Fox, D.S.2    Cox, G.M.3    Heitman, J.4
  • 46
    • 77953742507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcal interactions with the host immune system
    • Voelz K, May RC. 2010. Cryptococcal interactions with the host immune system. Eukaryot. Cell 9:835-846.
    • (2010) Eukaryot. Cell , vol.9 , pp. 835-846
    • Voelz, K.1    May, R.C.2
  • 47
    • 33645054564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posttranslational, translational, and transcriptional responses to nitric oxide stress in Cryptococcus neoformans: Implications for virulence
    • Missall TA, Pusateri ME, Donlin MJ, Chambers KT, Corbett JA, Lodge JK. 2006. Posttranslational, translational, and transcriptional responses to nitric oxide stress in Cryptococcus neoformans: implications for virulence. Eukaryot. Cell 5:518-529.
    • (2006) Eukaryot. Cell , vol.5 , pp. 518-529
    • Missall, T.A.1    Pusateri, M.E.2    Donlin, M.J.3    Chambers, K.T.4    Corbett, J.A.5    Lodge, J.K.6
  • 48
    • 75149119287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Septins enforce morphogenetic events during sexual reproduction and contribute to virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Kozubowski L, Heitman J. 2010. Septins enforce morphogenetic events during sexual reproduction and contribute to virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. Mol. Microbiol. 75:358-375.
    • (2010) Mol. Microbiol , vol.75 , pp. 358-375
    • Kozubowski, L.1    Heitman, J.2
  • 49
    • 0043197395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ready-made" virulence and "dual use" virulence factors in pathogenic environmental fungi-the paradigm of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Casadevall A, Steenbergen JN, Nosanchuk JD. 2003. "Ready-made" virulence and "dual use" virulence factors in pathogenic environmental fungi-the paradigm of Cryptococcus neoformans. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 6:332-337.
    • (2003) Curr. Opin. Microbiol , vol.6 , pp. 332-337
    • Casadevall, A.1    Steenbergen, J.N.2    Nosanchuk, J.D.3
  • 50
    • 77951820508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococci at the brain gate: Break and enter or use a Trojan horse
    • Casadevall A. 2010. Cryptococci at the brain gate: break and enter or use a Trojan horse? J. Clin. Invest. 120:1389-1397.
    • (2010) J. Clin. Invest , vol.120 , pp. 1389-1397
    • Casadevall, A.1
  • 51
    • 84856239879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro measurement of phagocytosis and killing of Cryptococcus neoformans by macrophages
    • Nicola AM, Casadevall A. 2012. In vitro measurement of phagocytosis and killing of Cryptococcus neoformans by macrophages. Methods Mol. Biol. 844:189-197.
    • (2012) Methods Mol. Biol , vol.844 , pp. 189-197
    • Nicola, A.M.1    Casadevall, A.2
  • 52
    • 0029095613 scopus 로고
    • Downregulation by Cryptococcal polysaccharide of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1|3 secretion from human monocytes
    • Vecchiarelli A, Retini C, Pietrella D, Monari C, Tascini C, Beccari T, Kozel TR. 1995. Downregulation by Cryptococcal polysaccharide of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1|3 secretion from human monocytes. Infect. Immun. 63:2919-2923.
    • (1995) Infect. Immun , vol.63 , pp. 2919-2923
    • Vecchiarelli, A.1    Retini, C.2    Pietrella, D.3    Monari, C.4    Tascini, C.5    Beccari, T.6    Kozel, T.R.7
  • 53
    • 0036670694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss of ypk1 function causes rapamycin sensitivity inhibition of translation, and synthetic lethality in 14-3-3-deficient yeast
    • Gelperin D, Horton L, DeChant A, Hensold J, Lemmon SK. 2002. Loss of ypk1 function causes rapamycin sensitivity inhibition of translation, and synthetic lethality in 14-3-3-deficient yeast. Genetics 161:1453-1464.
    • (2002) Genetics , vol.161 , pp. 1453-1464
    • Gelperin, D.1    Horton, L.2    Dechant, A.3    Hensold, J.4    Lemmon, S.K.5
  • 54
    • 0028946434 scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans fails to induce nitric oxide synthase in primed murine macrophage-like cells
    • Naslund PK, Miller WC, Granger DL. 1995. Cryptococcus neoformans fails to induce nitric oxide synthase in primed murine macrophage-like cells. Infect. Immun. 63:1298-1304.
    • (1995) Infect. Immun , vol.63 , pp. 1298-1304
    • Naslund, P.K.1    Miller, W.C.2    Granger, D.L.3
  • 55
    • 33645050376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid rafts in Cryptococcus neoformans concentrate the virulence determinants phos-pholipase B and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase
    • Siafakas AR, Wright LC, Sorrell TC, Djordjevic JT. 2006. Lipid rafts in Cryptococcus neoformans concentrate the virulence determinants phos-pholipase B and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Eukaryot. Cell 5:488-498.
    • (2006) Eukaryot. Cell , vol.5 , pp. 488-498
    • Siafakas, A.R.1    Wright, L.C.2    Sorrell, T.C.3    Djordjevic, J.T.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.