메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 287, Issue 52, 2012, Pages 43884-43898

Cyclotides insert into lipid bilayers to form membrane pores and destabilize the membrane through hydrophobic and phosphoethanolamine-specific interactions

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BILAYER MEMBRANES; CIRCULAR PROTEINS; COMPLEX FORMATIONS; CRITICAL COMPONENT; CYCLOTIDES; FREE ENERGY OF BINDING; HYDROPHOBIC FORCES; ISOTHERMAL TITRATION CALORIMETRY; KALATA B1; MECHANISM OF ACTION; MEMBRANE PORES; MEMBRANE SURFACE; NEUTRON REFLECTOMETRY; OUTER MEMBRANE; PORE FORMATION; SEQUENCE DIVERSITY; SPECIFIC BINDING; THERAPEUTIC APPLICATION;

EID: 84871548747     PISSN: 00219258     EISSN: 1083351X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M112.421198     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (64)

References (59)
  • 1
    • 0033579483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant cyclotides: A unique family of cyclic and knotted proteins that defines the cyclic cystine knot structural motif
    • DOI 10.1006/jmbi.1999.3383
    • Craik, D. J., Daly, N. L., Bond, T., and Waine, C. (1999) Plant cyclotides. A unique family of cyclic and knotted proteins that defines the cyclic cystine knot structural motif. J. Mol. Biol. 294, 1327-1336 (Pubitemid 30008803)
    • (1999) Journal of Molecular Biology , vol.294 , Issue.5 , pp. 1327-1336
    • Craik, D.J.1    Daly, N.L.2    Bond, T.3    Waine, C.4
  • 4
    • 38549134937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CyBase: A database of cyclic protein sequences and structures, with applications in protein discovery and engineering
    • DOI 10.1093/nar/gkm953
    • Wang, C. K., Kaas, Q., Chiche, L., and Craik, D. J. (2008) CyBase. A database of cyclic protein sequences and structures, with applications in protein discovery and engineering. Nucleic Acids Res. 36, D206-210 (Pubitemid 351149723)
    • (2008) Nucleic Acids Research , vol.36 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Wang, C.K.L.1    Kaas, Q.2    Chiche, L.3    Craik, D.J.4
  • 7
    • 84861204779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel cyclotides and uncyclotides with highly shortened precursors from Chassalia chartacea and effects of methionine oxidation on bioactivities
    • Nguyen, G. K., Lim, W. H., Nguyen, P. Q., and Tam, J. P. (2012) Novel cyclotides and uncyclotides with highly shortened precursors from Chassalia chartacea and effects of methionine oxidation on bioactivities. J. Biol. Chem. 287, 17598-17607
    • (2012) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.287 , pp. 17598-17607
    • Nguyen, G.K.1    Lim, W.H.2    Nguyen, P.Q.3    Tam, J.P.4
  • 10
    • 33749235154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery of cyclotide-like protein sequences in graminaceous crop plants: Ancestral precursors of circular proteins?
    • DOI 10.1105/tpc.106.042812
    • Mulvenna, J. P., Mylne, J. S., Bharathi, R., Burton, R. A., Shirley, N. J., Fincher, G. B., Anderson, M. A., and Craik, D. J. (2006) Discovery of cyclotide-like protein sequences in graminaceous crop plants. Ancestral precursors of circular proteins? Plant Cell 18, 2134-2144 (Pubitemid 44484715)
    • (2006) Plant Cell , vol.18 , Issue.9 , pp. 2134-2144
    • Mulvenna, J.P.1    Mylne, J.S.2    Bharathi, R.3    Burton, R.A.4    Shirley, N.J.5    Fincher, G.B.6    Anderson, M.A.7    Craik, D.J.8
  • 11
    • 2442715239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal, chemical, and enzymatic stability of the cyclotide kalata B1: The importance of the cyclic cystine knot
    • DOI 10.1021/bi049711q
    • Colgrave, M. L., and Craik, D. J. (2004) Thermal, chemical, and enzymatic stability of the cyclotide kalata B1. The importance of the cyclic cystine knot. Biochemistry 43, 5965-5975 (Pubitemid 38669464)
    • (2004) Biochemistry , vol.43 , Issue.20 , pp. 5965-5975
    • Colgrave, M.L.1    Craik, D.J.2
  • 13
    • 0028927655 scopus 로고
    • Elucidation of the primary and three-dimensional structure of the uterotonic polypeptide kalata B1
    • Saether, O., Craik, D. J., Campbell, I. D., Sletten, K., Juul, J., and Norman, D. G. (1995) Elucidation of the primary and three-dimensional structure of the uterotonic polypeptide kalata B1. Biochemistry 34, 4147-4158
    • (1995) Biochemistry , vol.34 , pp. 4147-4158
    • Saether, O.1    Craik, D.J.2    Campbell, I.D.3    Sletten, K.4    Juul, J.5    Norman, D.G.6
  • 14
    • 0015817287 scopus 로고
    • Oxytocic principles of Oldenlandia affinis
    • Gran, L. (1973) Oxytocic principles of Oldenlandia affinis. Lloydia 36, 174-178
    • (1973) Lloydia , vol.36 , pp. 174-178
    • Gran, L.1
  • 17
    • 0027177567 scopus 로고
    • HAMOLYTISCH AKTIVE KOMPONENTEN AUS VIOLA TRICOLOR L. UND VIOLA ARVENSIS MURRAY
    • Schöpke, T., Hasan Agha, M. I., Kraft, R., Otto, A., and Hiller, K. (1993) Hamolytisch aktive Komponenten aus Viola tricolor L. und Viola arvensis Murray. Sci. Pharm. 61, 145-153 (Pubitemid 23244214)
    • (1993) Scientia Pharmaceutica , vol.61 , Issue.2 , pp. 145-153
    • Schopke, T.1    Agha, M.I.H.2    Kraft, R.3    Otto, A.4    Hiller, K.5
  • 18
    • 4444359659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel strategies for isolation and characterization of cyclotides: The discovery of bioactive macrocyclic plant polypeptides in the Violaceae
    • DOI 10.2174/1389203043379495
    • Göransson, U., Svangård, E., Claeson, P., and Bohlin, L. (2004) Novel strategies for isolation and characterization of cyclotides. The discovery of bioactive macrocyclic plant polypeptides in the Violaceae. Curr. Protein Pept. Sci. 5, 317-329 (Pubitemid 39200162)
    • (2004) Current Protein and Peptide Science , vol.5 , Issue.5 , pp. 317-329
    • Goransson, U.1    Svangard, E.2    Claeson, P.3    Bohlin, L.4
  • 19
    • 0028598525 scopus 로고
    • Cyclopsychotride A, a biologically active, 31-residue cyclic peptide isolated from Psychotria longipes
    • Witherup, K. M., Bogusky, M. J., Anderson, P. S., Ramjit, H., Ransom, R. W., Wood, T., and Sardana, M. (1994) Cyclopsychotride A, a biologically active, 31-residue cyclic peptide isolated from Psychotria longipes. J. Nat. Prod. 57, 1619-1625
    • (1994) J. Nat. Prod. , vol.57 , pp. 1619-1625
    • Witherup, K.M.1    Bogusky, M.J.2    Anderson, P.S.3    Ramjit, H.4    Ransom, R.W.5    Wood, T.6    Sardana, M.7
  • 20
    • 47849105966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Backbone cyclised peptides from plants show molluscicidal activity against the rice pest Pomacea canaliculate (golden apple snail)
    • DOI 10.1021/jf800302f
    • Plan, M. R., Saska, I., Cagauan, A. G., and Craik, D. J. (2008) Backbone cyclised peptides from plants show molluscicidal activity against the rice pest Pomacea canaliculata (golden apple snail). J. Agric. Food Chem. 56, 5237-5241 (Pubitemid 352039129)
    • (2008) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , vol.56 , Issue.13 , pp. 5237-5241
    • Plan, M.R.R.1    Saska, I.2    Cagauan, A.G.3    Craik, D.J.4
  • 21
    • 43949110597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclotides: Natural, circular plant peptides that possess significant activity against gastrointestinal nematode parasites of sheep
    • DOI 10.1021/bi800223y
    • Colgrave, M. L., Kotze, A. C., Huang, Y. H., O'Grady, J., Simonsen, S. M., and Craik, D. J. (2008) Cyclotides. Natural, circular plant peptides that possess significant activity against gastrointestinal nematode parasites of sheep. Biochemistry 47, 5581-5589 (Pubitemid 351705169)
    • (2008) Biochemistry , vol.47 , Issue.20 , pp. 5581-5589
    • Colgrave, M.L.1    Kotze, A.C.2    Huang, Y.-H.3    O'Grady, J.4    Simonsen, S.M.5    Craik, D.J.6
  • 22
    • 54349090107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The anthelmintic activity of the cyclotides. Natural variants with enhanced activity
    • Colgrave, M. L., Kotze, A. C., Ireland, D. C., Wang, C. K., and Craik, D. J. (2008) The anthelmintic activity of the cyclotides. Natural variants with enhanced activity. Chembiochem 9, 1939-1945
    • (2008) Chembiochem , vol.9 , pp. 1939-1945
    • Colgrave, M.L.1    Kotze, A.C.2    Ireland, D.C.3    Wang, C.K.4    Craik, D.J.5
  • 24
    • 19944431406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation, solution structure, and insecticidal activity of kalata B2, a circular protein with a twist: Do Möbius strips exist in nature?
    • DOI 10.1021/bi047837h
    • Jennings, C. V., Rosengren, K. J., Daly, N. L., Plan, M., Stevens, J., Scanlon, M. J., Waine, C., Norman, D. G., Anderson, M. A., and Craik, D. J. (2005) Isolation, solution structure, and insecticidal activity of kalata B2, a circular protein with a twist. Do Möbius strips exist in nature? Biochemistry 44, 851-860 (Pubitemid 40129645)
    • (2005) Biochemistry , vol.44 , Issue.3 , pp. 851-860
    • Jennings, C.V.1    Rosengren, K.J.2    Daly, N.L.3    Plan, M.4    Stevens, J.5    Scanlon, M.J.6    Waine, C.7    Norman, D.G.8    Anderson, M.A.9    Craik, D.J.10
  • 26
    • 11844280405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies on the membrane interactions of the cyclotides kalata B1 and kalata B6 on model membrane systems by surface plasmon resonance
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ab.2004.10.028, PII S0003269704008462
    • Kamimori, H., Hall, K., Craik, D. J., and Aguilar, M. I. (2005) Studies on the membrane interactions of the cyclotides kalata B1 and kalata B6 on model membrane systems by surface plasmon resonance. Anal. Biochem. 337, 149-153 (Pubitemid 40092791)
    • (2005) Analytical Biochemistry , vol.337 , Issue.1 , pp. 149-153
    • Kamimori, H.1    Hall, K.2    Craik, D.J.3    Aguilar, M.-I.4
  • 27
    • 79959914450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decoding the membrane activity of the cyclotide kalata B1. The importance of phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipids and lipid organization on hemolytic and anti-HIV activities
    • Henriques, S. T., Huang, Y. H., Rosengren, K. J., Franquelim, H. G., Carvalho, F. A., Johnson, A., Sonza, S., Tachedjian, G., Castanho, M. A., Daly, N. L., and Craik, D. J. (2011) Decoding the membrane activity of the cyclotide kalata B1. The importance of phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipids and lipid organization on hemolytic and anti-HIV activities. J. Biol. Chem. 286, 24231-24241
    • (2011) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.286 , pp. 24231-24241
    • Henriques, S.T.1    Huang, Y.H.2    Rosengren, K.J.3    Franquelim, H.G.4    Carvalho, F.A.5    Johnson, A.6    Sonza, S.7    Tachedjian, G.8    Castanho, M.A.9    Daly, N.L.10    Craik, D.J.11
  • 29
    • 68949120908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biological activity of the prototypic cyclotide kalata b1 is modulated by the formation of multimeric pores
    • Huang, Y. H., Colgrave, M. L., Daly, N. L., Keleshian, A., Martinac, B., and Craik, D. J. (2009) The biological activity of the prototypic cyclotide kalata b1 is modulated by the formation of multimeric pores. J. Biol. Chem. 284, 20699-20707
    • (2009) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.284 , pp. 20699-20707
    • Huang, Y.H.1    Colgrave, M.L.2    Daly, N.L.3    Keleshian, A.4    Martinac, B.5    Craik, D.J.6
  • 32
    • 33745227238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conformation and mode of membrane interaction in cyclotides. Spatial structure of kalata B1 bound to a dodecylphosphocholine micelle
    • Shenkarev, Z. O., Nadezhdin, K. D., Sobol, V. A., Sobol, A. G., Skjeldal, L., and Arseniev, A. S. (2006) Conformation and mode of membrane interaction in cyclotides. Spatial structure of kalata B1 bound to a dodecylphosphocholine micelle. FEBS J. 273, 2658-2672
    • (2006) FEBS J. , vol.273 , pp. 2658-2672
    • Shenkarev, Z.O.1    Nadezhdin, K.D.2    Sobol, V.A.3    Sobol, A.G.4    Skjeldal, L.5    Arseniev, A.S.6
  • 33
    • 0346422447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Comparison of the Self-association Behavior of the Plant Cyclotides Kalata B1 and Kalata B2 via Analytical Ultracentrifugation
    • DOI 10.1074/jbc.M306826200
    • Nourse, A., Trabi, M., Daly, N. L., and Craik, D. J. (2004) A comparison of the self-association behavior of the plant cyclotides kalata B1 and kalata B2 via analytical ultracentrifugation. J. Biol. Chem. 279, 562-570 (Pubitemid 38044859)
    • (2004) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.279 , Issue.1 , pp. 562-570
    • Nourse, A.1    Trabi, M.2    Daly, N.L.3    Craik, D.J.4
  • 34
    • 33644873716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CyBase. A database of cyclic protein sequence and structure
    • Mulvenna, J. P., Wang, C., and Craik, D. J. (2006) CyBase. A database of cyclic protein sequence and structure. Nucleic Acids Res. 34, D192-D194
    • (2006) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.34
    • Mulvenna, J.P.1    Wang, C.2    Craik, D.J.3
  • 35
    • 0033543137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical synthesis and folding pathways of large cyclic polypeptides. Studies of the cystine knot polypeptide kalata B1
    • Daly, N. L., Love, S., Alewood, P. F., and Craik, D. J. (1999) Chemical synthesis and folding pathways of large cyclic polypeptides. Studies of the cystine knot polypeptide kalata B1. Biochemistry 38, 10606-10614
    • (1999) Biochemistry , vol.38 , pp. 10606-10614
    • Daly, N.L.1    Love, S.2    Alewood, P.F.3    Craik, D.J.4
  • 36
    • 0033549108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thia zip reaction for synthesis of large cyclic peptides: Mechanisms and applications
    • Tam, J. P., Lu, Y.-A., and Yu, Q. (1999) Thia zip reaction for synthesis of large cyclic peptides: mechanisms and applications. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121, 4316-4324
    • (1999) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.121 , pp. 4316-4324
    • Tam, J.P.1    Lu, Y.-A.2    Yu, Q.3
  • 37
    • 0022483308 scopus 로고
    • Solid- And liquid-phase equilibria in phosphatidylcholine/ phosphatidylethanolamine mixtures. A calorimetric study
    • Silvius, J. R. (1986) Solid- and liquid-phase equilibria in phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylethanolamine mixtures. A calorimetric study. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 857, 217-228
    • (1986) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.857 , pp. 217-228
    • Silvius, J.R.1
  • 38
    • 0026203725 scopus 로고
    • Instrumentation for neutron reflectivity
    • Penfold, J. (1991) Instrumentation for neutron reflectivity. Physica B 173, 1-10
    • (1991) Physica B , vol.173 , pp. 1-10
    • Penfold, J.1
  • 39
    • 16244379573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Composition of supported model membranes determined by neutron reflection
    • DOI 10.1021/la047389e
    • Vacklin, H. P., Tiberg, F., Fragneto, G., and Thomas, R. K. (2005) Composition of supported model membranes determined by neutron reflection. Langmuir 21, 2827-2837 (Pubitemid 40448945)
    • (2005) Langmuir , vol.21 , Issue.7 , pp. 2827-2837
    • Vacklin, H.P.1    Tiberg, F.2    Fragneto, G.3    Thomas, R.K.4
  • 40
    • 14344260441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 hydrolysis of supported phospholipid bilayers: A neutron reflectivity and ellipsometry study
    • DOI 10.1021/bi047727a
    • Vacklin, H. P., Tiberg, F., Fragneto, G., and Thomas, R. K. (2005) Phospholipase A2 hydrolysis of supported phospholipid bilayers. A neutron reflectivity and ellipsometry study. Biochemistry 44, 2811-2821 (Pubitemid 40293657)
    • (2005) Biochemistry , vol.44 , Issue.8 , pp. 2811-2821
    • Vacklin, H.P.1    Tiberg, F.2    Fragneto, G.3    Thomas, R.K.4
  • 41
    • 33645140429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Co-refinement of multiple-contrast neutron/X-ray reflectivity data using MOTOFIT
    • Nelson, A. (2006) Co-refinement of multiple-contrast neutron/X-ray reflectivity data using MOTOFIT. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 39, 273-276
    • (2006) J. Appl. Crystallogr. , vol.39 , pp. 273-276
    • Nelson, A.1
  • 43
    • 0031820877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phospholipid component volumes: Determination and application to bilayer structure calculations
    • Armen, R. S., Uitto, O. D., and Feller, S. E. (1998) Phospholipid component volumes: determination and application to bilayer structure calculations. Biophys. J. 75, 734-744 (Pubitemid 28357515)
    • (1998) Biophysical Journal , vol.75 , Issue.2 , pp. 734-744
    • Armen, R.S.1    Uitto, O.D.2    Feller, S.E.3
  • 45
    • 0037088544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refined structure and metal binding site of the kalata B1 peptide
    • DOI 10.1006/abbi.2002.2769
    • Skjeldal, L., Gran, L., Sletten, K., and Volkman, B. F. (2002) Refined structure and metal binding site of the kalata B1 peptide. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 399, 142-148 (Pubitemid 34848600)
    • (2002) Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics , vol.399 , Issue.2 , pp. 142-148
    • Skjeldal, L.1    Gran, L.2    Sletten, K.3    Volkman, B.F.4
  • 46
    • 43949138210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alanine scanning mutagenesis of the prototypic cyclotide reveals a cluster of residues essential for bioactivity
    • Simonsen, S. M., Sando, L., Rosengren, K. J., Wang, C. K., Colgrave, M. L., Daly, N. L., and Craik, D. J. (2008) Alanine scanning mutagenesis of the prototypic cyclotide reveals a cluster of residues essential for bioactivity. J. Biol. Chem. 283, 9805-9813
    • (2008) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.283 , pp. 9805-9813
    • Simonsen, S.M.1    Sando, L.2    Rosengren, K.J.3    Wang, C.K.4    Colgrave, M.L.5    Daly, N.L.6    Craik, D.J.7
  • 47
    • 8844279131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capped acyclic permutants of the circular protein kalata B1
    • DOI 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.10.034, PII S0014579304012724
    • Simonsen, S. M., Daly, N. L., and Craik, D. J. (2004) Capped acyclic permutants of the circular protein kalata B1. FEBS Lett. 577, 399-402 (Pubitemid 39535321)
    • (2004) FEBS Letters , vol.577 , Issue.3 , pp. 399-402
    • Simonsen, S.M.1    Daly, N.L.2    Craik, D.J.3
  • 49
    • 84861322262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclotides, a novel ultrastable polypeptide scaffold for drug discovery
    • Gould, A., Ji, Y., Aboye, T. L., and Camarero, J. A. (2011) Cyclotides, a novel ultrastable polypeptide scaffold for drug discovery. Curr. Pharm. Des. 17, 4294-4307
    • (2011) Curr. Pharm. Des. , vol.17 , pp. 4294-4307
    • Gould, A.1    Ji, Y.2    Aboye, T.L.3    Camarero, J.A.4
  • 50
    • 70350059832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potent inhibitors of β-tryptase and human leukocyte elastase based on the MCoTI-II scaffold
    • Thongyoo, P., Bonomelli, C., Leatherbarrow, R. J., and Tate, E. W. (2009) Potent inhibitors of β-tryptase and human leukocyte elastase based on the MCoTI-II scaffold. J. Med. Chem. 52, 6197-6200
    • (2009) J. Med. Chem. , vol.52 , pp. 6197-6200
    • Thongyoo, P.1    Bonomelli, C.2    Leatherbarrow, R.J.3    Tate, E.W.4
  • 52
    • 84861615565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orally active peptidic bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists engineered from a cyclotide scaffold for inflammatory pain treatment
    • Wong, C. T., Rowlands, D. K., Wong, C. H., Lo, T. W., Nguyen, G. K., Li, H. Y., and Tam, J. P. (2012) Orally active peptidic bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists engineered from a cyclotide scaffold for inflammatory pain treatment. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 51, 5620-5624
    • (2012) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. , vol.51 , pp. 5620-5624
    • Wong, C.T.1    Rowlands, D.K.2    Wong, C.H.3    Lo, T.W.4    Nguyen, G.K.5    Li, H.Y.6    Tam, J.P.7
  • 53
    • 7044235790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamics of lipid-peptide interactions
    • Seelig, J. (2004) Thermodynamics of lipid-peptide interactions. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1666, 40-50
    • (2004) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1666 , pp. 40-50
    • Seelig, J.1
  • 54
    • 79955669407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane partitioning: "classical" and "nonclassical" hydrophobic effects
    • Fernández-Vidal, M., White, S. H., and Ladokhin, A. S. (2011) Membrane partitioning: "classical" and "nonclassical" hydrophobic effects. J. Membr. Biol. 239, 5-14
    • (2011) J. Membr. Biol. , vol.239 , pp. 5-14
    • Fernández-Vidal, M.1    White, S.H.2    Ladokhin, A.S.3
  • 56
    • 79958769272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid profiles of female and male Drosophila
    • Parisi, M., Li, R., and Oliver, B. (2011) Lipid profiles of female and male Drosophila. BMC Res. Notes 4, 198
    • (2011) BMC Res. Notes , vol.4 , pp. 198
    • Parisi, M.1    Li, R.2    Oliver, B.3
  • 57
    • 34748922922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cyclic cystine knot miniprotein MCoTI-II is internalized into cells by macropinocytosis
    • DOI 10.1016/j.biocel.2007.06.016, PII S1357272507002087
    • Greenwood, K. P., Daly, N. L., Brown, D. L., Stow, J. L., and Craik, D. J. (2007) The cyclic cystine knot miniprotein MCoTI-II is internalized into cells by macropinocytosis. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 39, 2252-2264 (Pubitemid 47484280)
    • (2007) International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology , vol.39 , Issue.12 , pp. 2252-2264
    • Greenwood, K.P.1    Daly, N.L.2    Brown, D.L.3    Stow, J.L.4    Craik, D.J.5
  • 58
    • 14544282377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial peptides. Pore formers or metabolic inhibitors in bacteria?
    • Brogden, K. A. (2005) Antimicrobial peptides. Pore formers or metabolic inhibitors in bacteria? Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 3, 238-250
    • (2005) Nat. Rev. Microbiol. , vol.3 , pp. 238-250
    • Brogden, K.A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.