Photoconductivity of PbSe quantum-dot solids: Dependence on ligand anchor group and length

ACS Nano

Volumn 6, Issue 11, 2012, Pages 9606-9614

  Gao, Yunan ^a,b   Aerts, Michiel ^a   Sandeep, C S Suchand ^a   Talgorn, Elise ^a   Savenije, Tom J ^a   Kinge, Sachin ^c   Siebbeles, Laurens D A ^a   Houtepen, Arjan J ^a  

^a DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

^b DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

^c Materials Research and Development   (Belgium)

Author keywords

carrier lifetime; carrier mobility; layer by layer assembly; photoconductivity; quantum dots; solar cells

Indexed keywords

AMINE LIGAND; ANCHOR GROUPS; BIFUNCTIONAL; COLLOIDAL QUANTUM DOTS; DIFFUSION LENGTH; DIPCOATING METHODS; LAYER-BY-LAYER ASSEMBLIES; LAYER-BY-LAYERS; LIGAND EXCHANGES; POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS; QUANTUM DOT SOLIDS; QUANTUM SOLIDS; TIME-RESOLVED MICROWAVE CONDUCTIVITY TECHNIQUES;

CARBOXYLIC ACIDS; CARRIER LIFETIME; CARRIER MOBILITY; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; SEMICONDUCTING LEAD COMPOUNDS; SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS; SOLAR CELLS;

LIGANDS;

LEAD; LEAD SELENIDE; NANOMATERIAL; QUANTUM DOT; SELENIUM DERIVATIVE;

ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; LIGHT; MATERIALS TESTING; PARTICLE SIZE; RADIATION EXPOSURE; ULTRASTRUCTURE;

ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; LEAD; LIGHT; MATERIALS TESTING; NANOSTRUCTURES; PARTICLE SIZE; QUANTUM DOTS; SELENIUM COMPOUNDS;

EID: 84870448986     PISSN: 19360851     EISSN: 1936086X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/nn3029716     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Konstantatos, G.; Howard, I.; Fischer, A.; Hoogland, S.; Clifford, J.; Klem, E.; Levina, L.; Sargent, E. H. Ultrasensitive Solution-Cast Quantum Dot Photodetectors Nature 2006, 442, 180-183
2. Lee, J.-S.; Kovalenko, M. V.; Huang, J.; Chung, D. S.; Talapin, D. V. Band-Like Transport, High Electron Mobility and High Photoconductivity in All-Inorganic Nanocrystal Arrays Nat. Nanotechnol. 2011, 6, 348-352
3. Talapin, D. V.; Murray, C. B. PbSe Nanocrystal Solids for N- and P-Channel Thin Film Field-Effect Transistors Science 2005, 310, 86-89
4. Choi, J.-H.; Fafarman, A. T.; Oh, S. J.; Ko, D.-K.; Kim, D. K.; Diroll, B. T.; Muramoto, S.; Gillen, J. G.; Murray, C. B.; Kagan, C. R. Bandlike Transport in Strongly Coupled and Doped Quantum Dot Solids: A Route to High-Performance Thin-Film Electronics Nano Lett. 2012, 12, 2631-2638
5. Leschkies, K. S.; Beatty, T. J.; Kang, M. S.; Norris, D. J.; Aydil, E. S. Solar Cells Based on Junctions between Colloidal PbSe Nanocrystals and Thin ZnO Films ACS Nano 2009, 3, 3638-3648
6. Choi, J. J.; Lim, Y. F.; Santiago-Berrios, M. B.; Oh, M.; Hyun, B. R.; Sung, L. F.; Bartnik, A. C.; Goedhart, A.; Malliaras, G. G.; Abruna, H. D. et al. PbSe Nanocrystal Excitonic Solar Cells Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 3749-3755
7. Gur, I.; Fromer, N. A.; Geier, M. L.; Alivisatos, A. P. Air-Stable All-Inorganic Nanocrystal Solar Cells Processed from Solution Science 2005, 310, 462-465
8. Kim, S. J.; Kim, W. J.; Cartwright, A. N.; Prasad, P. N. Carrier Multiplication in a PbSe Nanocrystal and P3HT/PCBM Tandem Cell Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 92, 191107
9. Luther, J. M.; Gao, J.; Lloyd, M. T.; Semonin, O. E.; Beard, M. C.; Nozik, A. J. Stability Assessment on a 3% Bilayer PbS/ZnO Quantum Dot Heterojunction Solar Cell Adv. Mater. 2010, 22, 3704-3707
10. Luther, J. M.; Law, M.; Beard, M. C.; Song, Q.; Reese, M. O.; Ellingson, R. J.; Nozik, A. J. Schottky Solar Cells Based on Colloidal Nanocrystal Films Nano Lett. 2008, 8, 3488-3492
11. 1-x Nanocrystals Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 1699-1703
12. Chan, E. M.; Xu, C.; Mao, A. W.; Han, G.; Owen, J. S.; Cohen, B. E.; Milliron, D. J. Reproducible, High-Throughput Synthesis of Colloidal Nanocrystals for Optimization in Multidimensional Parameter Space Nano Lett. 2010, 10, 1874-1885
13. Kovalenko, M. V.; Talapin, D. V.; Loi, M. A.; Cordella, F.; Hesser, G.; Bodnarchuk, M. I.; Heiss, W. Quasi-Seeded Growth of Ligand-Tailored PbSe Nanocrystals through Cation-Exchange-Mediated Nucleation Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 3029-3033
14. Moreels, I.; Justo, Y.; De Geyter, B.; Haustraete, K.; Martins, J. C.; Hens, Z. Size-Tunable, Bright, and Stable PbS Quantum Dots: A Surface Chemistry Study ACS Nano 2011, 5, 2004-2012
15. Guyot-Sionnest, P.; Wang, C. Fast Voltammetric and Electrochromic Response of Semiconductor Nanocrystal Thin Films J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107, 7355-7359
16. Kovalenko, M. V.; Scheele, M.; Talapin, D. V. Colloidal Nanocrystals with Molecular Metal Chalcogenide Surface Ligands Science 2009, 324, 1417-1420
17. Fafarman, A. T.; Koh, W. K.; Diroll, B. T.; Kim, D. K.; Ko, D. K.; Oh, S. J.; Ye, X. C.; Doan-Nguyen, V.; Crump, M. R.; Reifsnyder, D. C. et al. Thiocyanate-Capped Nanocrystal Colloids: Vibrational Reporter of Surface Chemistry and Solution-Based Route to Enhanced Coupling in Nanocrystal Solids J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 15753-15761
18. - as Surface Ligands J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 10612-10620
19. Tang, J.; Kemp, K. W.; Hoogland, S.; Jeong, K. S.; Liu, H.; Levina, L.; Furukawa, M.; Wang, X.; Debnath, R.; Cha, D. et al. Colloidal-Quantum-Dot Photovoltaics Using Atomic-Ligand Passivation Nat. Mater. 2011, 10, 765-771
20. Talgorn, E. T; Abellon, R. D.; Savenije, T. J.; Goossens, A.; Houtepen, A. J.; Siebbeles, L. D. A. Highly Photoconductive CdSe Quantum-Dot Films: Influence of Capping Molecules and Film Preparation Procedure J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114, 3441-3447
21. Luther, J. M.; Law, M.; Song, Q.; Perkins, C. L.; Beard, M. C.; Nozik, A. J. Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of Self-Assembled Films of PbSe Nanocrystals Treated with 1,2-Ethanedithiol ACS Nano 2008, 2, 271-280
22. Law, M.; Luther, J. M.; Song, O.; Hughes, B. K.; Perkins, C. L.; Nozik, A. J. Structural, Optical, and Electrical Properties of PbSe Nanocrystal Solids Treated Thermally or with Simple Amines J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 5974-5985
23. Murphy, J. E.; Beard, M. C.; Nozik, A. J. Time-Resolved Photoconductivity of PbSe Nanocrystal Arrays J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 25455-25461
24. Williams, K. J.; Tisdale, W. A.; Leschkies, K. S.; Haugstad, G.; Norris, D. J.; Aydil, E. S.; Zhu, X. Y. Strong Electronic Coupling in Two-Dimensional Assemblies of Colloidal PbSe Quantum Dots ACS Nano 2009, 3, 1532-1538
25. Sarasqueta, G.; Choudhury, K. R.; So, F. Effect of Solvent Treatment on Solution-Processed Colloidal PbSe Nanocrystal Infrared Photodetectors. Chem. Mater. 2010, 22, 3496-3501.
26. Law, M.; Beard, M. C.; Choi, S.; Luther, J. M.; Hanna, M. C.; Nozik, A. J. Determining the Internal Quantum Efficiency of PbSe Nanocrystal Solar Cells with the Aid of an Optical Model Nano Lett. 2008, 8, 3904-3910
27. Tang, J.; Brzozowski, L.; Barkhouse, D. A. R.; Wang, X. H.; Debnath, R.; Wolowiec, R.; Palmiano, E.; Levina, L.; Pattantyus-Abraham, A. G.; Jamakosmanovic, D. et al. Quantum Dot Photovoltaics in the Extreme Quantum Confinement Regime: The Surface-Chemical Origins of Exceptional Air- and Light-Stability ACS Nano 2010, 4, 869-878
28. Liu, Y.; Gibbs, M.; Puthussery, J.; Gaik, S.; Ihly, R.; Hillhouse, H. W.; Law, M. Dependence of Carrier Mobility on Nanocrystal Size and Ligand Length in PbSe Nanocrystal Solids Nano Lett. 2010, 10, 1960-1969
29. Koleilat, G. I.; Levina, L.; Shukla, H.; Myrskog, S. H.; Hinds, S.; Pattantyus-Abraham, A. G.; Sargent, E. H. Efficient, Stable Infrared Photovoltaics Based on Solution-Cast Colloidal Quantum Dots ACS Nano 2008, 2, 833-840
30. Barkhouse, D. A. R.; Pattantyus-Abraham, A. G.; Levina, L.; Sargent, E. H. Thiols Passivate Recombination Centers in Colloidal Quantum Dots Leading to Enhanced Photovoltaic Device Efficiency ACS Nano 2008, 2, 2356-2362
31. Zhao, N.; Osedach, T. P.; Chang, L.-Y.; Geyer, S. M.; Wanger, D.; Binda, M. T.; Arango, A. C.; Bawendi, M. G.; Bulovic, V. Colloidal PbS Quantum Dot Solar Cells with High Fill Factor ACS Nano 2010, 4, 3743-3752
32. Choi, J. J.; Luria, J.; Hyun, B. R.; Bartnik, A. C.; Sun, L. F.; Lim, Y. F.; Marohn, J. A.; Wise, F. W.; Hanrath, T. Photogenerated Exciton Dissociation in Highly Coupled Lead Salt Nanocrystal Assemblies Nano Lett. 2010, 10, 1805-1811
33. Zarghami, M. H.; Liu, Y.; Gibbs, M.; Gebremichael, E.; Webster, C.; Law, M. P-Type PbSe and PbS Quantum Dot Solids Prepared with Short-Chain Acids and Diacids ACS Nano 2010, 4, 2475-2485
34. Gao, Y.; Talgorn, E.; Aerts, M.; Trinh, M. T.; Schins, J. M.; Houtepen, A. J.; Siebbeles, L. D. A. Enhanced Hot-Carrier Cooling and Ultrafast Spectral Diffusion in Strongly Coupled PbSe Quantum-Dot Solids Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 5471-5476
35. Wolcott, A.; Doyeux, V.; Nelson, C. A.; Gearba, R.; Lei, K. W.; Yager, K. G.; Dolocan, A. D.; Williams, K.; Nguyen, D.; Zhu, X. Y. Anomalously Large Polarization Effect Responsible for Excitonic Red Shifts in PbSe Quantum Dot Solids J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2011, 2, 795-800
36. Guyot-Sionnest, P. Electrical Transport in Colloidal Quantum Dot Films J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2012, 3, 1169-1175
37. 2 ACS Nano 2010, 4, 1723-1731
38. 2 Films Z. Phys. Chem. 1999, 212, 201-206
39. Talgorn, E.; de Vries, M. A.; Siebbeles, L. D. A.; Houtepen, A. J. Photoconductivity Enhancement in Multilayers of CdSe and CdTe Quantum Dots ACS Nano 2011, 5, 3552-3558
40. Moreels, I.; Lambert, K.; De Muynck, D.; Vanhaecke, F.; Poelman, D.; Martins, J. C.; Allan, G.; Hens, Z. Composition and Size-Dependent Extinction Coefficient of Colloidal PbSe Quantum Dots Chem. Mater. 2007, 19, 6101-6106
41. Talgorn, E.; Gao, Y.; Aerts, M.; Kunneman, L. T.; Schins, J. M.; Savenije, T. J.; van Huis, M. A.; van der Zant, H. S. J.; Houtepen, A. J.; Siebbeles, L. D. A. Unity Quantum Yield of Photogenerated Charges and Band-Like Transport in Quantum-Dot Solids Nat. Nanotechnol. 2011, 6, 733-739
42. Fritzinger, B.; Moreels, I.; Lommens, P.; Koole, R.; Hens, Z.; Martins, J. C. In Situ Observation of Rapid Ligand Exchange in Colloidal Nanocrystal Suspensions Using Transfer NOE Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 3024-3032
43. Ojha, A. K.; Chandra, G.; Roy, A. A Study on Adsorption of Acetonitrile on Gold Nanorods by Non-Resonant Raman Measurements and Density Functional Theory Calculations Nanotechnology 2008, 19, 095706
44. Solomun, T.; Christmann, K.; Baumgaertel, H. Interaction of Acetonitrile and Benzonitrile with the Gold (100) Surface J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 7199-7208
45. Strange, M.; Rostgaard, C.; Hkkinen, H.; Thygesen, K. S. Self-Consistent Gw Calculations of Electronic Transport in Thiol- and Amine-Linked Molecular Junctions Phys. Rev. B 2011, 83, 115108
46. Kiguchi, M.; Nakamura, H.; Takahashi, Y.; Takahashi, T.; Ohto, T. Effect of Anchoring Group Position on Formation and Conductance of a Single Disubstituted Benzene Molecule Bridging Au Electrodes: Change of Conductive Molecular Orbital and Electron Pathway J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114, 22254-22261
47. Chen, F.; Li, X.; Hihath, J.; Huang, Z.; Tao, N. Effect of Anchoring Groups on Single-Molecule Conductance: A Comparative Study of Thiol-, Amine-, and Carboxylic-Acid-Terminated Molecules J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 15874-15881
48. Kim, Y.; Hellmuth, T. J.; Burkle, M.; Pauly, F.; Scheer, E. Characteristics of Amine-Ended and Thiol-Ended Alkane Single-Molecule Junctions Revealed by Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy ACS Nano 2011, 5, 4104-4111
49. Koole, R.; Luigjes, B.; Tachiya, M.; Pool, R.; Vlugt, T. J. H.; Donega, C. D. M.; Meijerink, A.; Vanmaekelbergh, D. Differences in Cross-Link Chemistry between Rigid and Flexible Dithiol Molecules Revealed by Optical Studies of CdTe Quantum Dots J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 11208-11215
50. Miller, A.; Abrahams, E. Impurity Conduction at Low Concentrations Phys. Rev. 1960, 120, 745-755
51. Houtepen, A. J.; Kockmann, D.; Vanmaekelbergh, D. Reappraisal of Variable-Range Hopping in Quantum-Dot Solids Nano Lett. 2008, 8, 3516-3520
52. Salomon, A.; Cahen, D.; Lindsay, S.; Tomfohr, J.; Engelkes, V. B.; Frisbie, C. D. Comparison of Electronic Transport Measurements on Organic Molecules Adv. Mater. 2003, 15, 1881-1890
53. Wehrenberg, B. L.; Wang, C. J.; Guyot-Sionnest, P. Interband and Intraband Optical Studies of PbSe Colloidal Quantum Dots J. Phys. Chem. B 2002, 106, 10634-10640
54. Luther, J. Private communication.
55. Semonin, O. E.; Luther, J. M.; Choi, S.; Chen, H.-Y.; Gao, J.; Nozik, A. J.; Beard, M. C. Peak External Photocurrent Quantum Efficiency Exceeding 100% via MEG in a Quantum Dot Solar Cell Science 2011, 334, 1530-1533
56. Szendrei, K.; Gomulya, W.; Yarema, M.; Heiss, W.; Loi, M. A. PbS Nanocrystal Solar Cells with High Efficiency and Fill Factor Appl. Phys. Lett. 2010, 97
57. Koole, R.; Allan, G.; Delerue, C.; Meijerink, A.; Vanmaekelbergh, D.; Houtepen, A. J. Optical Investigation of Quantum Confinement in PbSe Nanocrystals at Different Points in the Brillouin Zone Small 2008, 4, 127-133
58. Han, Y.; Mayer, D.; Offenhausser, A.; Ingebrandt, S. Surface Activation of Thin Silicon Oxides by Wet Cleaning and Silanization Thin Solid Films 2006, 510, 175-180