Increased risk of cancer mortality associated with cadmium exposures in Older Americans with low Zinc Intake

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health - Part A: Current Issues

Volumn 76, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 1-15

  Lin, Yu Sheng ^a   Caffrey, James L ^b   Lin, Jou Wei ^c   Bayliss, David ^a   Faramawi, Mohammed F ^d   Bateson, Thomas F ^a   Sonawane, Babasaheb ^a  

^a U S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

^c NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

^d UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CADMIUM; CREATININE; ZINC;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BREAST CANCER; CANCER MORTALITY; CANCER RISK; CAUSE OF DEATH; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; CREATININE URINE LEVEL; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HAZARD RATIO; HISPANIC; HUMAN; LUNG CANCER; MALE; MINERAL INTAKE; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; PROSTATE CANCER; SEX DIFFERENCE; ZINC INTAKE;

AGED; CADMIUM; DIET; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEOPLASMS; RISK FACTORS; SEX FACTORS; UNITED STATES; ZINC;

EID: 84869758427     PISSN: 15287394     EISSN: 10872620     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2012.722185     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Adams, S. V., Passarelli, M. N., and Newcomb, P. A. 2012. Cadmium exposure and cancer mortality in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cohort. Occup. Environ. Med. 69:153-156.
2. And ersen, O., Nielsen, J. B., and Nordberg, G. F. 2004. Nutritional interactions in intestinal cadmium uptake-Possibilities for risk reduction. Biometals 17:543-547. (Pubitemid 41214265)
3. Arita, A., and Costa, M. 2009. Epigenetics in metal carcinogenesis: Nickel, arsenic, chromium and cadmium. Metallomics 1:222-228.
4. Baschant, U., and Tuckermann, J. 2010. The role of the glucocorticoid receptor in inflammation and immunity. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 120:69-75.
5. Berglund, M., Lindberg, A. L., Rahman, M., Yunus, M., Gr and er, M., Lonnerdal, B., and Vahter, M. 2011. Gender and age differences in mixed metal exposure and urinary excretion. Environ Res. 111: 1271-1279.
6. Blazka, M. E., and Shaikh, Z. A. 1991. Sex differences in hepatic and renal cadmium accumulation and metallothionein induction. Role of estradiol. Biochem. Pharmacol. 41:775-780.
7. Boreiko, C. J. 2010. Overview of health risk assessments for zinc. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 73:166-174.
8. Briefel, R. R., Bialostosky, K., Kennedy-Stephenson, J., McDowell, M. A., Ervin, R. B., and Wright, J. D. 2000. Zinc intake of the U. S. population: Findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. J. Nutr. 130:1367S-1373S. (Pubitemid 30244131)
9. Byers, T. 2001. Food frequency dietary assessment: How bad is good enough? Am. J. Epidemiol. 154:1087-1088. (Pubitemid 33140628)
10. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1996. National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988-94: Questionnaires, datasets, and related documentation. Hyattsville, MD: U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www. cdc. gov/nchs/nhanes/nh3data. htm(accessed8 January 2011).
11. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1998. National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988-94: Electrocardiogram, dietary recall, laboratory, dietary supplement and prescription drug. Hyattsville, MD: U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). http://www. cdc. gov/nchs/nhanes/nh3data. htm#2a(accessed 8 January 2011).
12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2003. Cigarette smoking-attributable morbidity-United States, 2000. Morbid. Mortal. Weekly Rep. 52: 842-844.
13. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2009 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III)-Linked mortality file.Hyattsville, MD: U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www. cdc. gov/nchs/data-access/data-linkage/mortality/nhanes3-linkage. htm(accessed January 1,2011)
14. Choudhury, H., Harvey, T., Thayer, W. C., Lockwood, T. F., Stiteler, W. M., Goodrum, P. E., Hassett, J. M., and Diamond, G. L. 2001. Urinary cadmium elimination as a biomarker of exposure for evaluating a cadmium dietary exposure-Biokinetics model. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 63:321-350. (Pubitemid 32643361)
15. Dixon, L. B., Winkleby, M. A., and Radimer, K. L. 2001. Dietary intakes and serum nutrients differ between adults from food-insufficient and food-sufficient families: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. J. Nutr. 131: 1232-1246. (Pubitemid 32275106)
16. Dzugan, M., Lis, M. W., Droba, M., and Niedziolka, J. W. 2012. Protective effect of zinc on cadmium embryotoxicity and antioxidant status of blood plasma in newly hatched chicks. J. Environ. Sci. Health A Toxic Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng. 47: 1288-1293.
17. Elinder, C. G., Kjellstrom, T., Lind, B., Linnman, L., Piscator, M., and Sundstedt, K. 1983. Cadmium exposure from smoking cigarettes: Variations with time and country where purchased. Environ. Res. 32:220-227. (Pubitemid 14240614)
18. Epstein, M. M., Kasperzyk, J. L., And ren, O., Giovannucci, E. L., Wolk, A., Hakansson, N. 2011. Dietary zinc and prostate cancer survival in a Swedish cohort. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 93: 586-593.
19. Ervin, R. B., and Kennedy-Stephenson, J. 2002. Mineral intakes of elderly adult supplement and non-supplement users in the third national health and nutrition examination survey. J. Nutr. 132:3422-3427. (Pubitemid 35314476)
20. Folkerd, E. J., and Dowsett, M. 2010. Influence of sex hormones on cancer progression. J. Clin. Oncol. 28:4038-4044.
21. Gallagher, C. M., Chen, J. J., and Kovach, J. S. 2010. Environmental cadmium and breast cancer risk. Aging (Albany NY) 2:804-814.
22. Garrett, S. H., Somji, S., Sens, M. A., Zhang, K., and Sens, D. A. 2011. Microarray analysis of gene expression patterns in human proximal tubule cells over a short and long time course of cadmium exposure. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 74:24-42.
23. Gunter, E. W., Lewis, B. L., and Koncikowski, S. M. 1996. Laboratory Methods used for the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988-1994. Included in CD-ROM 6-0178, NHANES III Reference Manuals and Reports. Hyattsville, MD: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
24. Harik-Khan, R. I., Muller, D. C., and Wise, R. A. 2004. Serum vitamin levels and the risk of asthma in children. Am. J. Epidemiol. 159:351-357. (Pubitemid 38200768)
25. Hebert, J. R., Hurley, T. G., Olendzki, B. C., Teas, J., Ma, Y., and Hampl, J. S. 1998. Nutritional and socioeconomic factors in relation to prostate cancer mortality: A cross-national study. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 90:1637-1647. (Pubitemid 28523438)
26. Ho, E., and Song, Y. 2009. Zinc and prostatic cancer. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab Care 12:640-645.
27. Hu, F. B., Rimm, E., Smith-Warner, S. A., Feskanich, D., Stampfer, M. J., Ascherio, A., Sampson, L., and Willett, W. C. 1999. Reproducibility and validity of dietary patterns assessedwith a food-frequency questionnaire. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 69:243-249. (Pubitemid 29065546)
28. Institute of Medicine. 2001. Food and Nutrition Board, Dietary reference intakes for vitamin A, vitamin K, arsenic, boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, silicon, vanadium, and zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
29. Jarup, L., Berglund, M., Elinder, C. G., Nordberg, G., and Vahter, M. 1998. Health effects of cadmium exposure-a review of the literature and a risk estimate. Sc and. J. Work Environ. Health 24(suppl. 1):1-51. (Pubitemid 28161916)
30. Jarup, L., and Akesson, A. 2009. Current status of cadmium as an environmental health problem. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 238:201-208.
31. Jin, T., Nordberg, H., Ye, T., Bo, M., Wang, H., Zhu, G., Kong, Q., and Bernard, A. 2004. Osteoporosis and renal dysfunction in a general population exposed to cadmium in China. Environ. Res. 96:353-359. (Pubitemid 39277322)
32. Joseph, P. 2009. Mechanisms of cadmium carcinogenesis. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 238:272-279.
33. Kaji, T., Takata, M., Hoshino, T., Miyahara, T., Kozuka, H., Kurashige, Y., and Koizumi, F. 1988. Role of zinc in protection against cadmium-induced toxicity in formation of embryonic chick bone in tissue culture. Toxicol. Lett. 44:219-227.
34. Kiyohara, C., and Ohno, Y. 2010. Sex differences in lung cancer susceptibility: A review. Gen. Med. 7:381-401.
35. Klaassen, C. D., Liu, J., and Choudhuri, S. 1999. Metallothionein: An intracellular protein to protect against cadmium toxicity. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 39:267-294. (Pubitemid 29222560)
36. Kryston, T. B., Georgiev, A. B., Pissis, P., and Georgakilas, A. G. 2011. Role of oxidative stress and DNA damage in human carcinogenesis. Mutat. Res. 711:193-201.
37. Lag, M., Rodionov, D., Ovrevik, J., Bakke, O., Schwarze, P. E., and Refsnes, M. 2010. Cadmium-induced inflammatory responses in cells relevant for lung toxicity: Expression and release of cytokines in fibroblasts, epithelial cells and macrophages. Toxicol. Lett. 193:252-260.
38. Lin, Y. S., Rathod, D., Ho, W. C., and Caffrey, J. J. 2009. Cadmium exposure is associated with elevated blood C-reactive protein and fibrinogen in the U. S. population: The third national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES III, 1988-1994). Ann. Epidemiol. 19:592-596.
39. Liu, Y., Liu, J., Iszard, M. B., And rews, G. K., Palmiter, R. D., and Klaassen, C. D. 1995. Transgenic mice that overexpress metallothionein-I are protected from cadmium lethality and hepatotoxicity. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 135:222-228. (Pubitemid 26031872)
40. Lopez, E., Arce, C., Oset-Gasque, M. J., Canadas, S., and Gonzalez, M. P. 2006. Cadmium induces reactive oxygen species generation and lipid peroxidation in cortical neurons in culture. Free Radical Biol. Med. 40:940-951. (Pubitemid 43376003)
41. Mahabir, S., Spitz, M. R., Barrera, S. L., Beaver, S. H., Etzel, C., and Forman, M. R. 2007. Dietary zinc, copper and selenium, and risk of lung cancer. Int. J. Cancer 120:1108-1115. (Pubitemid 46214314)
42. Mannino, D. M., Holguin, F., Greves, H. M., Savage-Brown, A., Stock, A. L., and Jones, R. L. 2004. Urinary cadmium levels predict lower lung function in current and former smokers: Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Thorax 59:194-198. (Pubitemid 38339874)
43. Mason, H. J., Williams, N. R., Morgan, M. G., Stevenson, A. J., and Armitage, S. 1998. Influence of biological and analytical variation on urine measurements for monitoring exposure to cadmium. Occup. Environ. Med. 55:132-137. (Pubitemid 28179992)
44. Menke, A., Muntner, P., Silbergeld, E. K., Platz, E. A., and Guallar, E. 2009. Cadmium levels in urine and mortality among U. S. adults. Environ. Health Perspect. 117: 190-196.
45. Noonan, C. W., Sarasua, S. M., Campagna, D., Kathman, S. J., Lybarger, J. A., and Mueller, P. W. 2002. Effects of exposure to low levels of environmental cadmium on renal biomarkers. Environ. Health Perspect. 110:151-155. (Pubitemid 34163032)
46. Petering, H. G. 1978. Some observations on the interaction of zinc, copper, and iron metabolism in lead and cadmium toxicity. Environ. Health Perspect. 25:141-145. (Pubitemid 9067649)
47. Platz, E. A., Helzlsouer, K. J., Hoffman, S. C., Morris, J. S., Baskett, C. K., and Comstock, G. W. 2002. Prediagnostic toenail cadmium and zinc and subsequent prostate cancer risk. Prostate52:288-296.
48. Poirier, L. A., and Vlasova, T. I. 2002. The prospective role of abnormal methyl metabolism in cadmium toxicity. Environ. Health Perspect. 110(suppl. 5):793-795. (Pubitemid 35276868)
49. Powell, S. R. 2000. The antioxidant properties of zinc. J. Nutr. 130:1447S-1454S. (Pubitemid 30244144)
50. Prasad, A. S., Kaplan, J., Beck, F. W., Penny, H. S., Shamsa, F. H., Salwen, W. A., Marks, S. C., and Mathog, R. H. 1997. Trace elements in head and neck cancer patients: Zinc status and immunologic functions. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 116:624-629. (Pubitemid 27355234)
51. Prasad, A. S., and Kucuk, O. 2002. Zinc in cancer prevention. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 21:291-295. (Pubitemid 36071916)
52. Prasad, A. S., Bao, B., Beck, F. W., Kucuk, O., and Sarkar, F. H. 2004. Antioxidant effect of zinc in humans. Free Radical Biol. Med. 37:1182-1190. (Pubitemid 39296743)
53. Prasad, A. S. 2008. Clinical, immunological, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant roles of zinc. Exp. Gerontol. 43:370-377. (Pubitemid 351540838)
54. Prins, G. S. 2008. Endocrine disruptors and prostate cancer risk. Endocr. Relat. Cancer 15:649-656.
55. Pruszkowska, E., Carnrick, G. R., and Slavin, W. 1983. Direct determination of cadmium in urine with use of a stabilized temperature platform furnace and Zeeman background correction. Clin Chem. 29:477-480. (Pubitemid 13160753)
56. Reeves, P. G., and Chaney, R. L. 2004. Marginal nutritional status of zinc, iron, and calcium increases cadmium retention in the duodenum and other organs of rats fed rice-based diets. Environ. Res. 96:311-322 (Pubitemid 39277317)
57. Ruiz, P., Mumtaz, M., Osterloh, J., Fisher, J., and Fowler, B. A. 2010. Interpreting NHANES biomonitoring data, cadmium. Toxicol. Lett. 198:44-48.
58. Satarug, S., and Moore, M. R. 2004. Adverse health effects of chronic exposure to low-level cadmium in foodstuffs and cigarette smoke. Environ. Health Perspect. 112:1099-1103. (Pubitemid 39029166)
59. Satarug, S., Garrett, S. H., Sens, M. A., and Sens, D. A. 2010. Cadmium, environmental exposure, and health outcomes. Environ. Health Perspect. 118:182-190.
60. Schwartz, G. G., Il'yasova, D., and Ivanova, A. 2003. Urinary cadmium, impaired fasting glucose, and diabetes in the NHANES III. Diabetes Care 26:468-470. (Pubitemid 36929075)
61. Siewit, C. L., Gengler, B., Vegas, E., Puckett, R., and Louie, M. C. 2010. Cadmium promotes breast cancer cell proliferation by potentiating the interaction between ERalpha and c-Jun. Mol. Endocrinol. 24: 981-992.
62. Song, Y., Leonard, S. W., Traber, M. G., and Ho, E. 2009. Zinc deficiency affects DNA damage, oxidative stress, antioxidant defenses, and DNA repair in rats. J. Nutr. 139:1626-1231.
63. Stohs, S. J., and Bagchi, D. 1995. Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of metal ions. Free Radical Biol. Med. 18:321-336.
64. Tapiero, H., and Tew, K. D. 2003. Trace elements in human physiology and pathology: Zinc and metallothioneins. Biomed. Pharmacother. 57:399-411. (Pubitemid 37498214)
65. Tellez-Plaza, M., Navas-Acien, A., Crainiceanu, C. M., and Guallar, E. 2008. Cadmium exposure and hypertension in the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Environ. Health Perspect. 116:51-56.
66. Tellez-Plaza, M., Navas-Acien, A., Caldwell, K. L., Menke, A., Muntner, P., and Guallar, E. 2012. Reduction in cadmium exposure in the United States population, 1988-2008: The contribution of declining smoking rates. Environ. Health Perspect. 120: 204-209.
67. Thomas, D., Stram, D., and Dwyer, J. 1993. Exposure measurement error: Influence on exposure-disease relationships and methods of correction. Annu. Rev. Public Health 14:69-93. (Pubitemid 23161712)
68. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service(1996) Survey nutrient databases for NHANES III, Phase 1 (1993) and Phase 2(1995). Riverdale MD.
69. Vahter, M., Akesson, A., Liden, C., Ceccatelli, S., and Berglund, M. 2007. Gender differences in the disposition and toxicity of metals. Environ Res. 104:85-95. (Pubitemid 46560490)
70. Valko, M., Morris, H., and Cronin, M. T. 2005. Metals, toxicity and oxidative stress. Curr. Med. Chem. 12:1161-1208. (Pubitemid 40655271)
71. Vaziri, N. D., Ding, Y., and Ni, Z. 2001. Compensatory up-regulation of nitric-oxide synthase isoforms in lead-induced hypertension; Reversal by a superoxide dismutasemimetic drug. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 298:679-685. (Pubitemid 32673420)
72. Verougstraete, V., Lison, D., and Hotz, P. 2003. Cadmium, lung and prostate cancer: A systematic review of recent epidemiological data. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health B 6: 227-255. (Pubitemid 36520934)
73. Waalkes, M. P., and Rehm, S. 1992. Carcinogenicity of oral cadmium in the male Wistar (WF/NCr) rat: effect of chronic dietary zinc deficiency. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 19:512-520. (Pubitemid 23013121)
74. Wu, T., Sempos, C. T., Freudenheim, J. L., Muti, P., and Smit, E. 2004. Serum iron, copper and zinc concentrations and risk of cancer mortality in US adults. Ann. Epidemiol. 14:195-201. (Pubitemid 38249333)
75. Yiin, S. J., Chern, C. L., Sheu, J. Y., Tseng, W. C., and Lin, T. H. 1999. Cadmium-induced renal lipid peroxidation in rats and protection by selenium. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 57:403-413.
76. Zhang, B., Georgiev, O., Hagmann, M., Gunes, C., Cramer, M., Faller, P., Vasak, M., and Schaffner, W. 2003. Activity of metalresponsive transcription factor 1 by toxic heavy metals and H2O2 in vitro is modulated by metallothionein. Mol. Cell Biol. 23:8471-8485. (Pubitemid 37433355)