Ultralow doping in organic semiconductors: Evidence of trap filling

Physical Review Letters

Volumn 109, Issue 17, 2012, Pages

  Olthof, Selina ^a   Mehraeen, Shafigh ^b   Mohapatra, Swagat K ^b   Barlow, Stephen ^b   Coropceanu, Veaceslav ^b   Brédas, Jean Luc ^b   Marder, Seth R ^b   Kahn, Antoine ^a  

^a Princeton University   (United States)

^b GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DEVICE PERFORMANCE; FULLERENE C; N-DOPING; TRAP FILLING;

ACTIVATION ENERGY; ELECTRON MOBILITY;

PASSIVATION;

EID: 84868030013     PISSN: 00319007     EISSN: 10797114     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.176601     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. F. Deschler, E. Da Como, T. Limmer, R. Tautz, T. Godde, M. Bayer, E. von Hauff, S. Yilmaz, S. Allard, U. Scherf, and J. Feldmann, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 127402 (2011). PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.127402
2. M.M. Mandoc, F.B. Kooistra, J.C. Hummelen, B. de Boer, and P.W.M. Blom, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 263505 (2007). APPLAB 0003-6951 10.1063/1.2821368
3. S. Scheinert, K.P. Pernstich, B. Batlogg, and G. Paasch, J. Appl. Phys. 102, 104503 (2007). JAPIAU 0021-8979 10.1063/1.2803742 (Pubitemid 350199486)
4. J. Rivnay, R. Noriega, J.E. Northrup, R.J. Kline, M.F. Toney, and A. Salleo, Phys. Rev. B 83, 121306 (2011). PRBMDO 1098-0121 10.1103/PhysRevB.83. 121306
5. Y. Zhang, B. de Boer, and P.W.M. Blom, Phys. Rev. B 81, 085201 (2010). PRBMDO 1098-0121 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.085201
6. V. Coropceanu, J. Cornil, D.A. da Silva Filho, Y. Olivier, R. Silbey, and J.-L. Brédas, Chem. Rev. 107, 926 (2007). CHREAY 0009-2665 10.1021/cr050140x (Pubitemid 46736532)
7. V.I. Arkhipov, E.V. Emelianova, and G.J. Adriaenssens, Phys. Rev. B 64, 125125 (2001). PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.125125
8. W.L. Kalb, S. Haas, C. Krellner, T. Mathis, and B. Batlogg, Phys. Rev. B 81, 155315 (2010). PRBMDO 1098-0121 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.155315
9. W.L. Kalb, K. Mattenberger, and B. Batlogg, Phys. Rev. B 78, 035334 (2008). PRBMDO 1098-0121 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.035334
10. C. Krellner, S. Haas, C. Goldmann, K.P. Pernstich, D.J. Gundlach, and B. Batlogg, Phys. Rev. B 75, 245115 (2007). PRBMDO 1098-0121 10.1103/PhysRevB.75. 245115
11. H.T. Nicolai, M. Kuik, G.A.H. Wetzelaer, B. de Boer, C. Campbell, C. Risko, J.-L. Brédas, and P.W.M. Blom, Nature Mater. 11, 882 (2012) NMAACR 1476-1122 10.1038/nmat3384
12. D.V. Lang, X. Chi, T. Siegrist, A.M. Sergent, and A.P. Ramirez, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 086802 (2004). PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.086802
13. D.S. Brotherton, Semicond. Sci. Technol. 10, 721 (1995). SSTEET 0268-1242 10.1088/0268-1242/10/6/001
14. V.I. Arkhipov, P. Heremans, E.V. Emelianova, G.J. Adriaenssens, and H. Bassler, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 338, 603 (2004). JNCSBJ 0022-3093 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.03.051
15. C.-T. Lee and H.-C. Chen, Org. Electron. 12, 1852 (2011). 1566-1199 10.1016/j.orgel.2011.07.016
16. Y. Zhang, B. de Boer, and P.W.M. Blom, Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 1901 (2009). AFMDC6 1616-301X 10.1002/adfm.v19:12
17. K. Walzer, B. Maennig, M. Pfeiffer, and K. Leo, Chem. Rev. 107, 1233 (2007). CHREAY 0009-2665 10.1021/cr050156n (Pubitemid 46736538)
18. M. Pfeiffer, A. Beyer, T. Fritz, and K. Leo, Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3202 (1998). APPLAB 0003-6951 10.1063/1.122718 (Pubitemid 128677354)
19. R. Schmechel, J. Appl. Phys. 93, 4653 (2003). JAPIAU 0021-8979 10.1063/1.1560571
20. R.C. Haddon, A.F. Hebard, M.J. Rosseinsky, D.W. Murphy, S.J. Dulcos, K.B. Lyons, B. Miller, J.M. Rosmilia, R.M. Fleming, A.R. Kortan, S.H. Glarum, A. V. Makhija, A.J. Muller, R.H. Eick, S.M. Zahurak, R. Tycko, G. Dabbagh, and F.A.Thiel, Nature (London) 350, 320 (1991). NATUAS 0028-0836 10.1038/350320a0 (Pubitemid 21738640)
21. C.K. Chan, W. Zhao, S. Barlow, S. Marder, and A. Kahn, Org. Electron. 9, 575 (2008). 1566-1199 10.1016/j.orgel.2008.03.003
22. S. Olthof, W. Tress, R. Meerheim, B. Luessem, and K. Leo, J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103711 (2009). JAPIAU 0021-8979 10.1063/1.3259436
23. F. Li, M. Pfeiffer, A. Werner, K. Harada, K. Leo, N. Hayashi, K. Seki, X. Liu, and X.-D. Dang, J. Appl. Phys. 100, 023716 (2006). JAPIAU 0021-8979 10.1063/1.2219374 (Pubitemid 44179564)
24. T. Menke, D. Ray, J. Meiss, K. Leo, and M. Riede, Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 093304 (2012). APPLAB 0003-6951 10.1063/1.3689778
25. J. Schafferhans, A. Baumann, A. Wagenpfahl, C. Deibel, and V. Dyakonov, Org. Electron. 11, 1693 (2010). 1566-1199 10.1016/j.orgel.2010.07.016
26. S. Yogev, E. Halpern, R. Matsubara, M. Nakamura, and Y. Rosenwaks, Phys. Rev. B 84, 165124 (2011). PRBMDO 1098-0121 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.165124
27. S. Guo, S.B. Kim, S.K. Mohapatra, Y. Qi, T. Sajoto, A. Kahn, S.R. Marder, and S. Barlow, Adv. Mater. 24, 699 (2012). ADVMEW 0935-9648 10.1002/adma.201103238
28. Y. Qi, S.K. Mohapatra, S.B. Kim, S. Barlow, S.R. Marder, and A. Kahn, Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 083305 (2012). APPLAB 0003-6951 10.1063/1.3689760
29. O.V. Gusev, M.A. Ievlev, M.G. Peterleitner, S.M. Peregudova, L.I. Denisovich, P.V. Petrovskii, and N.A. Ustynyuk, J. Organomet. Chem. 534, 57 (1997). JORCAI 0022-328X 10.1016/S0022-328X(96)06888-X
30. C.I. Wu, Y. Hirose, H. Sirringhaus, and A. Kahn, Chem. Phys. Lett. 272, 43 (1997). CHPLBC 0009-2614 10.1016/S0009-2614(97)00481-8
31. See Supplemental Material at http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/ PhysRevLett.109.176601 for additional experimental data and Monte Carlo simulation details.
32. N. Hayashi, H. Ishii, Y. Ouchi, and K. Seki, J. Appl. Phys. 92, 3784 (2002). JAPIAU 0021-8979 10.1063/1.1504495 (Pubitemid 35209156)
33. B. Mishori, E.A. Katz, D. Faiman, and Y. Shapira, Solid State Commun. 102, 489 (1997). SSCOA4 0038-1098 10.1016/S0038-1098(97)00026-4
34. A. Miller and A. Elihu, Phys. Rev. 120, 745 (1960). PHRVAO 0031-899X 10.1103/PhysRev.120.745
35. I.I. Fishchuk, V.I. Arkhipov, A. Kadashchuk, P. Heremans, and H. Bassler, Phys. Rev. B 76, 045210 (2007). PRBMDO 1098-0121 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.045210
36. K. Hoshimono, S. Fujimori, S. Fujita, and S. Fujita, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 32, L1070 (1993). JAPNDE 0021-4922 10.1143/JJAP.32.L1070
37. B. Maennig, M. Pfeiffer, A. Nollau, X. Zhou, K. Leo, and P. Simon, Phys. Rev. B 64, 195208 (2001). PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.195208
38. V.I. Arkhipov, P. Heremans, E.V. Emelianova, and H. Bassler, Phys. Rev. B 71, 045214 (2005). PRBMDO 1098-0121 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.045214 (Pubitemid 40418085)