Evaluation of ProExC as a prognostic marker in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

Volumn 36, Issue 8, 2012, Pages 1158-1164

  Mills, Anne M ^a   Beck, Andrew H ^b   Pourmand, Nader ^c   Le, Quynh Thu ^a   Kong, Christina S ^a  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^c University of California   (United States)

Author keywords

head and neck; HPV; in situ hybridization; oropharynx; p16; PCR; ProExC; squamous cell carcinoma

Indexed keywords

CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR 2A; TUMOR MARKER;

ARTICLE; HUMAN; IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION; KAPLAN MEIER METHOD; METABOLISM; MORTALITY; MOUTH TUMOR; PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PROGNOSIS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; TISSUE MICROARRAY; VIROLOGY;

CARCINOMA, SQUAMOUS CELL; CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR P16; HUMANS; IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION; KAPLAN-MEIER ESTIMATE; MOUTH NEOPLASMS; PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTIONS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PROGNOSIS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; TISSUE ARRAY ANALYSIS; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL;

EID: 84863847255     PISSN: 01475185     EISSN: 15320979     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0b013e3182600eaa     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Chaturvedi AK, Engels EA, Anderson WF, et al. Incidence trends for human papillomavirus-related and-unrelated oral squamous cell carcinomas in the United States. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:612-619. (Pubitemid 351264356)
2. Shiboski CH, Schmidt BL, Jordan RC. Tongue and tonsil carcinoma: increasing trends in the U.S. population ages 20-44 years. Cancer. 2005;103:1843-1849. (Pubitemid 40563256)
3. Kreimer AR, Clifford GM, Boyle P, et al. Human papillomavirus types in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas worldwide: a systematic review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005;14:467-475. (Pubitemid 40270113)
4. Ang KK, Harris J, Wheeler R, et al. Human papillomavirus and survival of patients with oropharyngeal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2010;363:24-35.
5. Dahlstrand H, Dahlgren L, Lindquist D, et al. Presence of human papillomavirus in tonsillar cancer is a favourable prognostic factor for clinical outcome. Anticancer Res. 2004;24:1829-1835. (Pubitemid 38954596)
6. Fakhry C, Gillison ML. Clinical implications of human papillomavirus in head and neck cancers. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:2606-2611. (Pubitemid 46622080)
7. Fakhry C, Westra WH, Li S, et al. Improved survival of patients with human papillomavirus-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in a prospective clinical trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008;100:261-269. (Pubitemid 351480538)
8. Begum S, Gillison ML, Nicol TL, et al. Detection of human papillomavirus-16 in fine-needle aspirates to determine tumor origin in patients with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Clin Cancer Res. 2007;13:1186-1191. (Pubitemid 46424059)
9. El-Mofty SK, Lu DW. Prevalence of human papillomavirus type 16 DNA in squamous cell carcinoma of the palatine tonsil, and not the oral cavity, in young patients: a distinct clinicopathologic and molecular disease entity. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003;27:1463-1470. (Pubitemid 37315200)
10. Gillison ML, Koch WM, Capone RB, et al. Evidence for a causal association between human papillomavirus and a subset of head and neck cancers. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000;92:709-720. (Pubitemid 30365531)
11. Klussmann JP, Weissenborn SJ, Wieland U, et al. Prevalence, distribution, and viral load of human papillomavirus 16 DNA in tonsillar carcinomas. Cancer. 2001;92:2875-2884.
12. Lassen P, Eriksen JG, Hamilton-Dutoit S, et al. Effect of HPVassociated p16INK4A expression on response to radiotherapy and survival in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:1992-1998.
13. Begum S, Cao D, Gillison M, et al. Tissue distribution of human papillomavirus 16 DNA integration in patients with tonsillar carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2005;11:5694-5699. (Pubitemid 41170292)
14. Smeets SJ, Hesselink AT, Speel EJ, et al. A novel algorithm for reliable detection of human papillomavirus in paraffin embedded head and neck cancer specimen. Int J Cancer. 2007;121:2465-2472. (Pubitemid 350022416)
15. Freeman A, Morris LS, Mills AD, et al. Minichromosome maintenance proteins as biological markers of dysplasia and malignancy. Clin Cancer Res. 1999;5:2121-2132. (Pubitemid 29399268)
16. Ishimi Y, Okayasu I, Kato C, et al. Enhanced expression of Mcm proteins in cancer cells derived from uterine cervix. Eur J Biochem. 2003;270:1089-1101. (Pubitemid 36384443)
17. Nieh S, Chen SF, Chu TY, et al. Expression of p16 INK4A in Papanicolaou smears containing atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance from the uterine cervix. Gynecol Oncol. 2003;91:201-208. (Pubitemid 37188612)
18. Aximu D, Azad A, Ni R, et al. A pilot evaluation of a novel immunohistochemical assay for topoisomerase II-alpha and minichromosome maintenance protein 2 expression (ProEx C) in cervical adenocarcinoma in situ, adenocarcinoma, and benign glandular mimics. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2009;28:114-119.
19. Badr RE, Walts AE, Chung F, et al. ProEx C: a sensitive and specific marker of HPV-associated squamous lesions of the cervix. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008;32:899-906.
20. Boucher J, Anku-Bertholet C, Temmar R, et al. Evaluation of p16INK4a, minichromosome maintenance protein 2, DNA topoisomerase IIalpha, ProEx C, and p16INK4a/ProEx C in cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions. Hum Pathol. 2009;40:904-905. [Author reply 905-906, 2009].
21. Conesa-Zamora P, Domenech-Peris A, Orantes-Casado FJ, et al. Effect of human papillomavirus on cell cycle-related proteins p16, Ki-67, Cyclin D1, p53, and ProEx C in precursor lesions of cervical carcinoma: a tissue microarray study. Am J Clin Pathol. 2009;132: 378-390.
22. Kelly D, Kincaid E, Fansler Z, et al. Detection of cervical highgrade squamous intraepithelial lesions from cytologic samples using a novel immunocytochemical assay (ProEx C). Cancer. 2006;108: 494-500. (Pubitemid 46076970)
23. Shi J, Liu H, Wilkerson M, et al. Evaluation of p16INK4a, minichromosome maintenance protein 2, DNA topoisomerase IIalpha, ProEX C, and p16INK4a/ProEX C in cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions. Hum Pathol. 2007;38:1335-1344. (Pubitemid 47247476)
24. Walts AE, Bose S. p16, Ki-67, and BD ProExC immunostaining: a practical approach for diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Hum Pathol. 2009;40:957-964.
25. Pinto AP, Schlecht NF, Woo TY, et al. Biomarker (ProEx C, p16(INK4A), and MiB-1) distinction of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion from its mimics. Mod Pathol. 2008;21:1067-1074.
26. Kong CS, Narasimhan B, Cao H, et al. The relationship between human papillomavirus status and other molecular prognostic markers in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009;74:553-561.
27. Liu CL, Prapong W, Natkunam Y, et al. Software tools for highthroughput analysis and archiving of immunohistochemistry staining data obtained with tissue microarrays. Am J Pathol. 2002;161: 1557-1565. (Pubitemid 35265516)
28. Gharizadeh B, Oggionni M, Zheng B, et al. Type-specific multiple sequencing primers: a novel strategy for reliable and rapid genotyping of human papillomaviruses by pyrosequencing technology. J Mol Diagn. 2005;7:198-205. (Pubitemid 40668302)
29. Gharizadeh B, Zheng B, Akhras M, et al. Sentinel-base DNA genotyping using multiple sequencing primers for high-risk human papillomaviruses. Mol Cell Probes. 2006;20:230-238.
30. Conesa-Zamora P, Domenech-Peris A, Ortiz-Reina S, et al. Immunohistochemical evaluation of ProEx C in human papillomavirus-induced lesions of the cervix. J Clin Pathol. 2009;62:159-162.
31. Jannapureddy S, Cohen C, Lau S, et al. Assessing for primary oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma from fine needle aspiration of cervical lymph node metastases. Diagn Cytopathol. 2010;38:795-800.
32. Hashibe M, Brennan P, Benhamou S, et al. Alcohol drinking in never users of tobacco, cigarette smoking in never drinkers, and the risk of head and neck cancer: pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007;99:777-789. (Pubitemid 47073524)
33. Klussmann JP, Gultekin E, Weissenborn SJ, et al. Expression of p16 protein identifies a distinct entity of tonsillar carcinomas associated with human papillomavirus. Am J Pathol. 2003;162:747-753. (Pubitemid 36237483)
34. Reimers N, Kasper HU, Weissenborn SJ, et al. Combined analysis of HPV-DNA, p16 and EGFR expression to predict prognosis in oropharyngeal cancer. Int J Cancer. 2007;120:1731-1738. (Pubitemid 46399359)
35. O'Regan EM, Toner ME, Finn SP, et al. p16(INK4A) genetic and epigenetic profiles differ in relation to age and site in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Hum Pathol. 2008;39:452-458. (Pubitemid 351186693)
36. Wiest T, Schwarz E, Enders C, et al. Involvement of intact HPV16 E6/E7 gene expression in head and neck cancers with unaltered p53 status and perturbed pRb cell cycle control. Oncogene. 2002;21: 1510-1517. (Pubitemid 34226138)
37. Lewis JS Jr, Thorstad WL, Chernock RD, et al. p16 positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma:an entity with a favorable prognosis regardless of tumor HPV status. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010; 34:1088-1096.