Assessment of black carbon radiative effects in climate models

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change

Volumn 3, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 359-370

  Feichter, Johann ^a   Stier, Philip ^b  

^a MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR METEOROLOGY   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AEROSOLS; ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION; CARBON; FOSSIL FUELS; GREENHOUSE GASES; PARTICULATE EMISSIONS;

AEROSOL ABSORPTION; BLACK CARBON EMISSION; CURRENT MODELING; DIRECT RADIATIVE FORCING; IN-SITU MEASUREMENT; INDIRECT EFFECTS; RADIATIVE EFFECTS; SNOW/ICE SURFACES;

CLIMATE MODELS;

EID: 84863843829     PISSN: 17577780     EISSN: 17577799     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/wcc.180     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Vignati E, Karl M, Krol M, Wilson J, Stier P, Cavalli F. Sources of uncertainties in modelling black carbon at the global scale. Atmos Chem Phys 2010, 10:2595-2611.
2. Bond TC, Bergström RW. Light absorption by carbonaceous particles: an investigative review. Aerosol Sci Tech 2006, 40:27-67. doi:10.1080/02786820500421521.
3. Reisinger P, Wonaschütz A, Hitzenberger R, Petzold A, Bauer H, Jankowski N, Puxbaum H, Chi X, Maenhaut W. Intercomparison of measurement techniques for black or elemental carbon under urban background conditions in wintertime: influence of biomass combustion. Environ Sci Technol 2008, 42:884-889. doi:10.1021/es0715041.
4. Schwarz JP, Gao RS, Spackman JR, Watts LA, Thomson DS, Fahey DW, Ryerson TB, Peischl J, Holloway JS, Trainer M, et al. Measurement of the mixing state, mass, and optical size of individual black carbon particles in urban and biomass burning emissions Geophys Res Lett 2008, 35:L13810. doi:10.1029/2008gl033968.
5. Schwarz JP, Spackman JR, Fahey DW, Gao RS, Lohmann U, Stier P, Watts LA, Thomson DS, Lack DA, Pfister L, et al. Reeves Coatings and their enhancement of black-carbon light absorption in the tropical atmosphere. J Geophys Res 2008, 113:D03203. doi:10.1029/2007JD009042.
6. Weingartner E, Burtscher H. U Baltensperger hygroscopic properties of carbon and diesel soot particles. Atmos Env 1997, 31:2311-2327.
7. Textor C, Schulz M, Guibert S, Kinne S, Balkanski Y, Bauer S, Berntsen T, Berglen T, Boucher O, Chin M, et al. Analysis and quantification of the diversities of aerosol life cycles within AeroCom. Atmos Chem Phys 2006, 6:1777-1813.
8. Bond T, Streets D, Yarber K, Nelson S, Wo J-H, Klimont Z. A technology-based global inventory of black and organic carbon emissions from combustion. J Geophys Res 2004, 109:D14203. doi:10.1029/2003JD003697.
9. Dentener F, Kinne S, Bond T, Boucher O, Cofala J, Generoso S, Ginoux P, Gong S, Hoelzemann JJ, Ito A, et al. Wilson emissions of primary aerosol and precursor gases in the years 2000 and 1750 prescribed data-sets for AeroCom. Atmos Chem Phys 2006, 6:4321-4344.
10. Penner JE, Eddleman HE, Novakov T. Towards the development of a global inventory of black carbon emissions. Atmos Environ 1993, 27A:1277-1295.
11. Schwarz JP, Spackman JR, Gao RS, Watts LA, Stier P, Schulz M, Davis SM, Wofsy SC. DW Fahey Global-scale black carbon profiles observed in the remote atmosphere and compared to models. Geophys Res Lett 2010, 35:L19816. doi:10.1029/2010GL044372.
12. van der Werf GR, Randerson JT, Collatz GJ. L Giglio carbon emissions from fires in tropical and subtropical ecosystems. Global Change Biol 2003, 9:547-562.
13. Moss RH, Edmonds JA, Hibbard KA, Manning MR, Rose SK, van Vuuren DP, Carter TR, Emori S, Kainuma M, Kram T, et al. The next generation of scenarios for climate change research and assessment. Nature 2010, 463:747-756.
14. Chen WT, Lee YH, Adams PJ, Nenes A, Seinfeld JH. Will black carbon mitigation dampen aerosol indirect forcing? Geophys Res Lett 2010, 37:L09801. doi:10.1029/2010GL042886.
15. Schulz M, Textor C, Kinne S, Balkanski Y, Bauer S, Berntsen T, Berglen T, Boucher O, Dentener F, Grini A, et al. Radiative forcing by aerosols as derived from the AeroCom present-day and pre-industrial simulations. Atmos Chem Phys 2006, 6:5225-5246.
16. Haywood JM, Shine K. The effect of anthropogenic sulfate and soot on the clear-sky planetary radiation budget. Geophys Res Lett 1995, 22:603-606.
17. Schult I, Feichter J, Cooke FW. The effect of black carbon and sulfate aerosols on global radiation budget. J Geophys Res 1997, 102:30107-30118.
18. Ackerman TP, Toon OB. Absorption of visible radiation in atmosphere containing mixtures of absorbing and non-absorbing particles. Appl Opt 1981, 20: 3661-3668.
19. Chylek P, Videen G, Ngo D, Pinnick RG. JD Klett effect of black carbon on the optical properties and climate forcing of sulfate aerosols. J Geophys Res 1995, 100:16325-16332.
20. Jacobson MZ. A physically-based treatment of elemental carbon optics: implications for global direct forcing of aerosols. Geophys Res Lett 2000, 27:217-220.
21. Stier P, Seinfeld JH, Kinne S, Feichter J, Boucher O. Impact of nonabsorbing anthropogenic aerosols on clear-sky atmospheric absorption. J Geophys Res 2006, 111:D18201. doi:10.1029/2006JD007147.
22. Hansen J, Sato M, Ruedy R, Lacis A, Oinas V. Global warming in the twenty-first century: An alternative scenario. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000, 97:9875-9880.
23. Ackerman AS, Toon OB, Stevens DE, Heymsfield AJ, Ramanathan V, Welton EJ. Reduction of tropical cloudiness by soot. Science 2000, 288:1042-1047.
24. Lohmann U, Feichter J. Can the direct and semi-direct aerosol effect compete with the indirect effect on a global scale? Geophys Res Lett 2001, 28:159.
25. Koch D, Del Genio AD. Black carbon absorption effects on cloud cover: review and synthesis. Atmos Chem Phys 2010, 10:7685-7696. doi:10.5194/acp-10-7685-2010.
26. Twomey SA. The influence of pollution on the shortwave albedo of clouds. J Atmos Sci 1977, 34: 1149-1152.
27. Albrecht BA. Aerosols, cloud microphysics, and fractional cloudiness. Science 2000, 245:1227-1230. doi:10.1126/science.245.4923.1227.
28. Storelvmo T, Hoose C, Eriksson P. Global modeling of mixed-phase clouds: the albedo and lifetime effects of aerosols. J Geophys Res 2011, 116:ARTN D05207.
29. Lohmann U, Feichter J. Global indirect aerosol effects: a review. Atmos Chem Phys 2005, 5:715-737. SRef-ID: 1680-7324/acp/2005-5-715.
30. Wild M, Gilgen H, Roesch A, Ohmura A, Long CN, Dutton EG, Forgan B, Kallis A, Russak V, Tsvetkov A. From dimming to brightening: decadal changes in solar radiation at Earth's surface. Science 2005, 308:847-850.
31. Ramanathan V, Crutzen PJ, Kiehl JT, Rosenfeld D. Aerosols, climate and the hydrological cycle. Science 2001, 294:2119-2124.
32. Roeckner E, Stier P, Feichter J, Kloster S, Esch M, Fischer-Bruns I. Impact of carbonaceous aerosol emissions on regional climate change. Clim Dyn 2006, 27: 553-571. doi:10.1007/s00382-006-0147-3.
33. Liepert B, Feichter J, Lohmann U, Roeckner E. Can aerosols spin down the water cycle in a warmer and moister world? Geophys Res Lett 2004, 31:L06207.
34. Mitchell JM. Trans-Amer Geophys Union 1971, 52:219.
35. Charlson RS, Pilat MJ. Climate: the influence of aerosols. J Appl Meteor 1969, 8:1001-1002.
36. Russell PA, ed. EPA600/9-76-007a, June Denver Air Pollution Study-1973, Proceedings of a Symposium; 1976.
37. Baumgardner D, Kok G, Raga G. Warming of the Arctic lower stratosphere by light absorbing particles. Geophys Res Lett 2004, 31:L06117. doi:10.1029/2003GL018883.
38. Schwarz JP, Gao RS, Fahey DW, Thomson DS, Watts LA, Wilson JC, Reeves JM, Darbeheshti M, Baumgardner DG, Kok GL, et al. Single-particle measurements of midlatitude black carbon and light-scattering aerosols from the boundary layer to the lower stratosphere J Geophys Res Atmos 2006, 111:Artn D16207. doi:10.1029/2006jd007076
39. Koch D, Schulz M, Kinne S, McNaughton C, Spackman JR, Balkanski Y, Bauer S, Berntsen T, Bond TC, Boucher O, et al. Evaluation of black carbon estimations in global aerosol models. Atmos Chem Phys 2009, 9:9001-9026.
40. Holben BN, Eck TF, Slutsker I, Tanre D, Buis JP, Setzer A, Vermote E, Reagan JA, Kaufman YJ, Nakajima T, et al. AERONET-a federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol characterization. Remote Sensing of Environment 1998, 66:1-16.
41. Jacobson MZ. Control of fossil fuel black carbon and organic matter, possibly the most effective method of slowing global warming J Geophys Res 2002, 107: 4410. doi:10.1029/2001JD001376.
42. Bond TC, Sun H. Can reducing black carbon emissions counteract global warming? Environ Sci Technol 2005, 39:5921-5926.
43. Shindell D, Ramanathan V, Raes F, Cifuentes L, Oanh NTK. 2012, Integrated Assessment of Black Carbon and Tropospheric Ozone: Summary for Decision Makers, United Nations Environment Programme Report.
44. Tanre D, Geleyn und J. JF. Slingo First results of the introduction of an advanced aerosol- radiation interaction in the ECMWF low resolution global model. In: Gerber HF, Deepak A, eds. Aerosols and their Climate Effects. ed. 1984, 133-177.
45. Pittock A, Ackerman T, Crutzen P, MacCracken M, Shapiro C. Environmental Consequences of Nuclear War, Vol. 1: Physical and Atmospheric Effects, Vol. 28 of SCOPE. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons; 1986.
46. Bakan S, Chlond A, Cubasch U, Feichter J, Graf H, Grassl H, Hasselmann K, Kirchner I, Latif M, Roeckner E, et al. Climate response to smoke from the burning oil-wells in Kuwait. Nature 1991, 351:367-371.
47. Cooke WF, Wilson JJ. N A global black carbon aerosol model. J Geophys Res 1996, 101:19395-19410. doi:10.1029/96JD00671.
48. Liousse C, Penner JE, Chuang C, Walton JJ, Eddleman H, Cachier H. A global three-dimensional model study of carbonaceous aerosols. J Geophys Res 1996, 101:19411-19432.
49. o fossil fuel emission dataset for carbonaceous aerosols and implementation into the ECHAM4 model. J Geophys Res 1999, 104:22137-22162.
50. Chung SH, Seinfeld JH. Global distribution and climate forcing of carbonaceous aerosols J Geophys Res 2002, 107:4407. doi:10.1029/2001JD001397
51. Chung SH, Seinfeld JH. Climate response of direct radiative forcing of anthropogenic black carbon. J Geophys Res 2005, 110:D11102. doi:10.1029/2004J D005441.
52. Quaas J, Ming Y, Menon S, Takemura T, Wang M, Penner JE, Gettelman A, Lohmann U, Bellouin N, Boucher O, et al. indirect effects-general circulation model intercomparison and evaluation with satellite data. Atmos Chem Phys 2009, 9:8697-8717.
53. Koch D, Balkanski Y, Bauer SE, Easter RC, Ferrachat S, Ghan SJ, Hoose C, Iversen T, Kirkevåg A, Kristjansson JE, et al. microphysical effects on liquid clouds, a multi-model investigation. Atmos Chem Phys 2011, 11:1051-1064. doi:10.5194/acp-11-1051-2011.
54. Stier P, Feichter J, Kinne S, Kloster S, Vignati E, Wilson J, Ganzeveld L, Tegen I, Werner M, Schulz M, et al. The aerosol-climate model ECHAM5-HAM. Atmos Chem Phys 2005, 5:1125-1156.
55. Ghan SJ, Easter RC. Impact of cloud-borne aerosol representation on aerosol direct and indirect effects. Atmos Chem Phys 2006, 6:4163-4174.
56. Kirkevåg A, Iversen T, Seland Ø, Debernard JB, Storelvmo T, Kristjánsson JE. Aerosol-cloud climate interactions in the climate model CAM-Oslo. Tellus 2008, 60A:492-512.
57. Jones GS, Christidis N, Stott Detecting PA. the influence of fossil fuel and bio-fuel black carbon aerosols on near surface temperature changes. Atmos Chem Phys 2011, 11:799-816.
58. Ramanathan V, Carmichael G. Global and regional climate changes due to black carbon. Nat Geosci 2008, 1:221-227. doi:10.1038/Ngeo156.
59. Andrews T, Forster P, Boucher O, Bellouin N, Jones A. Precipitation, radiative forcing and global temperature change. Geophys Res Lett 2010, 37: ARTN L14701. doi:10.1029/2010GL043991.
60. Bond T, Zarzycki C, Flanner M, Koch D. Quantifying immediate radiative forcing by black carbon and organic matter with the specific forcing pulse. Atmos Chem Phys 2011, 11:1505-1525.
61. Jones A, Haywood JM, Boucher O. Aerosol forcing, climate response and climate sensitivity in the Hadley Centre climate model. J Geophys Res 2007, 112:D20211. doi:10.1029/2007JD008688.
62. Myhre G. Consistency between satellite-derived and modeled estimates of the direct aerosol effect. Science 2009, 325:187-190. doi:10.1126/science.1174461.
63. Zhao TX-P, Loeb NG, Laszlo I, Zhou M. Global component aerosol direct radiative effect at the top of atmosphere. Int J Remote Sens 2011, 32:633-655.
64. Flanner MG, Zender CS, Randerson JT, Rasch PJ. Present-day climate forcing and response from black carbon in snow. J Geophys Res 2007, 112:D11202.
65. Stier P, Seinfeld JH, Kinne S, Boucher O. Aerosol absorption and radiative forcing. Atmos Chem Phys 2007, 7:5237-5261.
66. Ramanathan V, Crutzen PJ, Lelieveld J, Mitra AP, Althausen D, Anderson J, Andreae MO, Cantrell W, Cass GR, Chung CE, et al. Indian Ocean Experiment: an integrated analysis of the climate forcing and effects of the great Indo-Asian haze. J Geophys Res 2001, 106:28371-28398. doi:10.1029/2001JD900133.
67. Sato Mki., Hansen J, Koch D, Lacis A, Ruedy R, Dubovik O, Holben B, Chin M, Novakov T. Global atmospheric black carbon inferred from AERONET. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2003, 100:6319-6324. doi:10. 1073/pnas.0731897100.
68. Chung CE, Ramanathan V, Kim D, Podgorny IA. Global anthropogenic aerosol direct forcing derived from satellite and ground-based observations. J Geophys Res 2005, 110:D24207. doi:10.1029/ 2005JD006356.
69. Jacobson MC, Hansson H-C, Noone KJ, Charlson RJ. Organic atmospheric aerosols: review and state of the science. Rev Geophys 2000, 38:267-294.
70. Stier P, Feichter J, Kloster S, Vignati E, Wilson J. Emission-induced nonlinearities in the global aerosol system: results from the ECHAM5-HAM Aerosol-Climate Model. J Clim 2006, 19:3845-3862.
71. Kloster S, Dentener F, Feichter J, Raes F, van Aardenne J, Roeckner E, Lohmann U, Stier P, Swart R. Influence of future air pollution mitigation strategies on total aerosol radiative forcing. Atmos Chem Phys 2008, 8:6405-6437.
72. Kloster S, Dentener F, Feichter J, Raes F, Lohmann U, Roeckner E, Fischer-Bruns I. A GCM study of future climate response to air pollution reductions. Clim Dyn 2009, 34:1177-1194. doi:10.1007/s00382-009-0573-0.
73. Ramana MV, Ramanathan V, Feng Y, Yoon SC, Kim SW, Carmichael GR, Schauer JJ. Cloud cover increase with increasing aerosol absorptivity: a counterexample to the conventional semidirect aerosol effect. J Geophys Res 2010, 115:ARTN D08203.
74. Shine KP, Fuglestvedt JS, Hailemariam K, Stuber N. Alternatives to the global warming potential for comparing climate impacts of emissions of greenhouse gases. Clim Change 2005, 68:281-302.
75. Brasseur GP, Roeckner E. Impact of improved air quality on the future evolution of climate. Geophys Res Lett 2005, 32:L23704. doi:10.1029/2005GL023902.
76. Koch D, Bond TC, Streets D, Unger N. Linking future aerosol radiative forcing to shifts in source activities. Geophys Res Lett 2007, 34:L05821. doi:10.1029/ 2006GL028360.