Media effects in an era of rapid technological transformation: A case of user-generated content and political participation

Communication Theory

Volumn 22, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 250-278

  Dylko, Ivan ^a   Mccluskey, Michael ^b  

^a NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMMUNICATION; MEDIA ROLE; POLITICAL PARTICIPATION; TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE; TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT;

EID: 84863732208     PISSN: 10503293     EISSN: 14682885     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2885.2012.01409.x     Document Type: Article

References (109)

1. Anderson, J. R., & Reder, L. M. (1979). An elaborative processing explanation of depth of processing. In L. S. Cermak & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), Levels of processing in human memory (pp. 385-403). New York, NY: Wiley.
2. Bachen, C., Raphael, C., Lynn, K. M., McKee, K., & Philippi, J. (2008). Civic engagement, pedagogy, and information technology on Web sites for youth. Political Communication, 25, 290-310.
3. Barber, B. R. (2003). Strong democracy: Participatory politics for a new age. Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press.
4. Belkin, N. J., & Croft, W. B. (1992). Information filtering and information retrieval: Two sides of the same coin? Communications of the ACM, 35(12), 29-38.
5. Bennett, W. L., & Iyengar, S. (2008). A new era of minimal effects? The changing foundations of political communication. Journal of Communication, 58, 707-731.
6. Bimber, B. (1998). The Internet and political transformation: Populism, community, and accelerated pluralism. Polity, 31, 133-160.
7. Bimber, B. (2003). Information and American democracy: Technology in the evolution of political power. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
8. Boyd, D. M., & Ellison, N. B. (2008). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13, 210-230.
9. Briggs, A., & Burke, P. (2002). A social history of the media: From Guttenberg to the Internet. Cambridge, England: Polity Press.
10. Bruns, A. (2005). Gatewatching: Collaborative online news production. New York, NY: Peter Lang.
11. Bruns, A. (2008). Blogs, Wikipedia, Second Life, and beyond: From production to produsage. New York, NY: Peter Lang.
12. Bucy, E. P., & Newhagen, J. E. (2004). Media access: Social and psychological dimensions of new technology use. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
13. Can, F., Nuray, R., & Sevdik, A. B. (2004). Automatic performance evaluation of Web search engines. Information Processing and Management, 40, 495-514.
14. Cao, X., & Brewer, P. R. (2008). Political comedy shows and public participation in politics. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 20(1), 90-99.
15. Chadwick, A. (2006). Internet politics: States, citizens, and new communication technologies. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
16. Chadwick, A., & Howard, P. N. (2009). Introduction: New directions in Internet politics research. In A. Chadwick & P. N. Howard (Eds.). Routledge handbook of internet politics (pp. 1-12).New York, NY: Routledge.
17. Chaffee, S. H. (1991). Explication. Newsbury Park, CA: Sage.
18. Chaffee, S. H., & Metzger, M. J. (2001). The end of mass communication? Mass Communication & Society, 4(4), 365-379.
19. Chambers, C., & Kopstein, J. (2001). Bad civil society. Political Theory, 29(6), 837-865.
20. Chung, D. S. (2008). Interactive features of online newspapers: Identifying patterns and predicting use of engaged readers. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13, 658-679.
21. Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. S. (2003). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
22. Coleman, J. C. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94, 95-120.
23. Dahl, R. A. (1989). Democracy and its critics. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
24. Davis, R. (2009). Typing politics: The role of blogs in American politics. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
25. Delli Carpini, M. X., & Keeter, S. (1996). What Americans know about politics and why it matters. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
26. DeSanctis, G., & Poole, M. S. (1994). Capturing the complexity in advanced technology use: Adaptive structuration theory. Organization Science, 5(2), 121-147.
27. Deuze, M. (2003). The Web and its journalisms: Considering the consequences of different types of newsmedia online. New Media & Society, 5(2), 203-230.
28. Deuze, M., Bruns, A., & Neuberger, C. (2007). Preparing for an age of participatory news. Journalism Practice, 1(3), 322-338.
29. Domingo, D., Quandt, T., Heinonen, A., Paulussen, S., Singer, J. B., & Vujnovic, M. (2009). Participatory journalism practices in the media and beyond. Journalism Practice, 2(3), 326-342.
30. Downs, A. (1957). An economic theory of democracy. New York, NY: HarperCollins.
31. Dumont, R. G. (1967). Aspects of concept formation, explication, and theory construction in sociology. American Sociological Review, 32(6), 985-995.
32. Dylko, I. B., Beam, M. A., Landreville, K. D., & Geidner, N. (2012). Filtering 2008 US presidential election news on YouTube by elites and nonelites: An examination of the democratizing potential of the Internet. New Media & Society. Advance online publication. DOI: 10.1177/1461444811428899.
33. Dylko, I. B., & Kosicki, G. M. (2006, August). Sociology of news and new media: How the blogosphere transforms our understanding of journalism and changes news. Paper presented at Communication Technology Division at the 2006 Association for Education in Journalism & Mass Communication Annual Convention, San Francisco, CA.
34. Ellison, N., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2007). The benefits of Facebook "friends": Social capital and college students' use of online social-network websites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12(4), 1143-1168.
35. Eveland, W. P. (2003). A "mix of attributes" approach to the study of media effects and new communication technologies. Journal of Communication, 53(3), 395-410.
36. Eveland, W. P., Jr. (2004). The effect of political discussion in producing informed citizens: The roles of information, motivation, and elaboration. Political Communication, 21, 177-193.
37. Eveland, W. P., Jr., & Dylko, I. (2007). Reading political blogs during the 2004 election campaign: Correlates and consequences. In M. Tremayne (Ed.), Blogging, citizenship and the future of media. New York: Routledge.
38. Eveland, W. P., Jr., & Hively, M. H. (2009). Political discussion frequency, network size, and "heterogeneity" of discussion as predictors of political knowledge and participation. Journal of Communication, 59(2), 205-224.
39. Eveland, W. P., Jr., & Scheufele, D. (2000). Connecting news media use with gaps in knowledge and participation. Political Communication, 17, 215-237.
40. Fang, I. (1997). A history of information revolutions. Newton, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann.
41. Fang, I. (2008). Alphabet to Internet: Mediated communication in our lives. St. Paul, MN: Rada Press.
42. Finkel, S. E. (1985). Reciprocal effects of participation and political efficacy: A panel analysis. American Journal of Political Science, 29(4), 891-913.
43. Fishkin, J. S. (1997). The voice of the people: Public opinion and democracy. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press
44. Fulk, J., & Boyd, B. (1991). Emerging theories of communication in organizations. Journal of Management, 17(2), 407-446.
45. Gamson, W. A., & Wolfsfeld, G. (1993) Movements and media as interacting systems. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 528(1), 114-125.
46. Gans, H. J. (1979). Deciding what's news: A study of CBS Evening News, NBC Nightly News, Newsweek and Time. New York, NY: Pantheon Books.
47. Garrett, R. K. (2006). Protest in an information society: A review of literature on social movements and new ICTs. Information, Communication & Society, 9(2), 202-224.
48. Garrett, K. R. (2009). Echo chambers online? Politically motivated selective exposure among Internet news users. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 14, 265-285.
49. Graber, D. A. (1988). Processing the news. New York, NY: Longman.
50. Harrison, T. M., & Barthel, B. (2009). Wielding new media in web 2.0: Exploring the history of engagement with the collaborative construction of media products. New Media & Society, 11(1&2), 155-178.
51. Herring, S. C., Scheidt, L. A., Kouper, I., & Wright, E. (2007). Longitudianl content analysis of blogs: 2003-2004. In M. Tremayne (Ed.), Blogging, citizenship and the future of media. New York, NY: Routledge.
52. Hindman, M. S. (2009). The myth of digital democracy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
53. Iyengar, S., & Hahn, K. S. (2009). Red media, blue media: Evidence of ideological selectivity in media use. Journal of Communication, 59, 19-39.
54. Jacobs, L. R., Cook, F. L., & Delli Carpini, M. X. (2009). Talking together: Public deliberation and political participation in America. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
55. Jarvis, J. (2009). What would Google do? England: Harper Collins.
56. Kalyanaraman, S., & Sundar, S. S. (2006). The psychological appeal of personalized content in Web portals: Does customization affect attitudes and behavior? Journal of Communication, 56, 110-132.
57. Keen, A. (2008). The cult of the amateur: How blogs, MySpace, YouTube, and the rest of today's user-generated media are destroying our economy, our culture, and our values. New York, NY: Doubleday.
58. Kerbel, M. R., & Bloom, J. D. (2005). Blog for American and civic involvement. Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 10(4), 3-27.
59. Kiousis, S. (2002). Interactivity: A concept explication. New Media & Society, 4(3), 355-383.
60. Lang, A. (2000). The limited capacity model of mediated message processing. Journal of Communication, 50(1), 46-70.
61. Lemert, J. B. (1984). News context and the elimination of mobilizing information: An experiment. Journalism Quarterly, 61(2), 243-259.
62. Leung, L. (2009). User-generated content on the Internet: An examination of gratifications, civic engagement and psychological empowerment. New Media & Society, 11(8), 1327-1347.
63. Liu, F., Yu, C., & Meng, W. (2004). Personalized Web search for improving retrieval effectiveness. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 16(1), 28-40.
64. Marvin, C. (1988). When old technologies were new: Thinking about electric communication in the late nineteenth century. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
65. McLeod, J. M., Scheufele, D. A., & Moy, P. (1999). Community, communication, and participation: The role of mass media and interpersonal discussion in local political participation. Political Communication, 16, 315-336.
66. Mill, J. S. (1859/1999) On liberty. Peterborough, Canada: Broadview Press.
67. Milton, J. (1644/1909) Areopagitica: A speech of Mr. John Milton for the liberty of unlicensed printing to the parliament of England. New York, NY: Collier.
68. Morgan, D. L. (1998). The focus group guidebook: Focus Group Kit 2. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
69. Moy, P., McCluskey, M. R., McCoy, K., & Spratt, M. (2004). Political correlates of local news use. Journal of Communication, 54(3), 532-546.
70. Moy, P., Tanaka, K., Torres, M., & McCluskey, M. (2005). Knowledge or trust? Investigating linkages between media use and political participation. Communication Research, 32(1), 59-86.
71. Mutz, D. C. (2002). The consequences of cross-cutting networks for political participation. American Journal of Political Science, 46(4), 838-855.
72. Mutz, D. C. (2006). Hearing the other side: Deliberative versus participatory democracy. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
73. Mutz, D. C. (2008). Is deliberative democracy a falsifiable theory? Annual Review of Political Science, 11, 521-538.
74. Norris, P. (2005). The impact of the Internet on political activism: Evidence from Europe. International Journal of Electronic Government Research, 1(1), 20-39.
75. OECD. (2007). Participative web and user-created content: Web 2.0, wikis and social networking. Retrieved November 4, 2009 from
76. O'Reilly, T. (2005). What is web 2.0: Design patterns and business models for the next generation of software. Retrieved November 4, 2009 from
77. Pateman, C. (1970). Participation and democratic theory. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
78. Perlmutter, D. D. (2008). Blogwars. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
79. Pew Internet and American Life Project. (2010). Understanding the participatory news consumer. Retrieved March 1, 2010, from
80. Pingree, R. J. (2007). How messages affect their senders: A more general model of message effects and implications for deliberation. Communication Theory, 17, 439-461.
81. Prior, M. (2007). Post-broadcast democracy: How media choice increases inequality in political involvement and polarizes elections. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
82. Putnam, R. D. (1995). Tuning in, tuning out: The strange disappearance of social capital in America. PS: Political Science and Politics, 284, 664-683.
83. Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.
84. Resnick, P. (2002). Beyond bowling together: Sociotechnical capital. In J. M. Carroll (Ed.), Human-computer interaction in the new millennium. Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley
85. Salomon, G. (1983). The differential investment of mental effort in learning from different sources. Educational Psychologist, 18, 42-50.
86. Sanders, L. M. (1997). Against deliberation. Political Theory, 25(3), 347-376.
87. Schaller, R. R. (1997). Moore's law: Past, present, and future. IEEE Spectrum, 34(6), 52-59.
88. Scheufele, D. A., Nisbet, M. C., & Brossard, D. (2003). Pathways to political participation? Religion, communication contexts, and mass media. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 15(3), 300-324.
89. Shah, D. V., Kwak, N., & Holbert, R. L. (2001). 'Connecting' and 'disconnecting' with civic life: Patterns of Internet use and the production of social capital. Political Communication, 18, 141-162.
90. Shao, G. (2009). Understanding the appeal of user-generated media: A uses and gratification perspective. Internet Research, 19(1), 7-25.
91. Skoric, M. M., Ying, D., & Ng, N. (2009). Bowling online, not alone: Online social capital and political participation in Singapore. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 14, 414-433.
92. Slater M. D. (2007). Reinforcing spirals: The mutual influence of media selectivity and media effects and their impact on individual behavior and social identity. Communication Theory, 17, 281-303.
93. Stein, L. (2009). Social movement web use in theory and practice: A content analysis of US movement websites. New Media & Society, 11(5), 749-771.
94. Sundar, S. S. (2004). Theorizing interactivity's effects. The Information Society, 20, 385-389.
95. Sunstein, C. R. (2002). The law of group polarization. Journal of Political Philosophy, 10, 175-195.
96. Sunstein, C. R. (2006). Infotopia: How many minds produce knowledge. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
97. Taber, C. S., & Lodge, M. (2006). Motivated skepticism in the evaluation of political beliefs. American Journal of Political Science, 50(3), 755-769.
98. Trippi, J. (2004). The revolution will not be televised: Democracy, the Internet, and the overthrow of everything. New York, NY: HarperCollins.
99. Valentino, N. A., Banks, A. J., Hutchings, V. L., & Davis, A. K. (2009). Selective exposure in the Internet age: The interaction between anxiety and information utility. Political Psychology, 30(4), 591-613.
100. Valenzuela, S., Park, N., & Kee, K. F. (2009). Is there social capital in a social network site? Facebook use and college students' life satisfaction, trust, and participation. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 14, 875-901.
101. Van Dijck J. (2009). Users like you? Theorizing agency in user-generated content. Media, Culture & Society, 31(1), 41-58.
102. Verba, S., Schlozman, K. L., & Brady, H. E. (1995). Voice and equality: Civic volunteerism in American politics. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
103. Wellman, B., Quan-Haase, A., Witte, J., & Hampton, K. (2001). Does the Internet increase, decrease, or supplement social capital? Social network, participation, and community commitment. American Behavioral Scientist, 45(3), 436-455.
104. Wellman, B., Quan-Haase, A., Boase, J., Chen, W., Hampton, K., de Diaz, I. I., Miyata, K. (2003). The social affordances of the Internet for networked individualism. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 8(3). Retrieved October 26, 2009 from
105. Wise, K., Bolls, P. D., & Schaefer, S. R. (2008). Choosing and reading online news: How available choice affects cognitive processing. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 52(1), 69-85.
106. Wojcieszak, M. E., & Mutz, D. C. (2009). Online groups and political discourse: Do online discussion spaces facilitate exposure to political disagreement? Journal of Communication, 59, 40-56.
107. Woodly, D. (2008). New competencies in democratic communication? Blogs, agenda setting and political participation. Public Choice, 134, 109-123.
108. Zimmerman, J. F. (1986). Participatory democracy: Populism revived. New York, NY: Praeger.
109. Zukin, C., Keeter, S., Andolina, M., Jenkins, K., & Delli Carpini, M. X. (2006). A new engagement? Political participation, civic life, and the changing American citizen. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.