Aperiodic arrays of active nanopillars for radiation engineering

Journal of Applied Physics

Volumn 111, Issue 11, 2012, Pages

  Lawrence, Nate ^a   Trevino, Jacob ^b   Dal Negro, Luca ^a,b  

^a Computer Engineering and Photonics Center ^*  (United States)

^b Boston University   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACTIVE STRUCTURES; APERIODIC ARRAYS; APERIODIC STRUCTURE; AZIMUTHAL STRUCTURES; BRAGG SCATTERING; EMISSION ENHANCEMENT; EMISSION PATTERN; ERBIUM DOPED; FINITE DIFFERENCE TIME DOMAINS; FOURIER SPACE; K-SPACE; LIGHT EXTRACTION; NANO-PILLAR ARRAYS; NANOPILLARS; OPTICAL RESONANCE; ORBITAL ANGULAR MOMENTUM; PLANAR DEVICES; RADIATION ENGINEERING; RECIPROCAL SPACE; ROTATIONAL SYMMETRIES; SECURE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION; SI-BASED MATERIALS; STRUCTURED LIGHT;

ERBIUM; FINITE DIFFERENCE TIME DOMAIN METHOD; LIGHT EMISSION; LIGHT SOURCES; NITRIDES; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; PILLAR EXTRACTION; QUANTUM OPTICS; RESONANCE; RESONATORS; SILICON;

LIGHT EMITTING DIODES;

EID: 84863309106     PISSN: 00218979     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.4723564     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (48)

1. D. Steigerwald, J. Bhat, D. Collins, R. Fletcher, M. Holcomb, M. Ludowise, P. Martin, and S. Rudaz, Illumination with solid state lighting technology., IEEE J. Sel. Top.Quantum Electron. 8, 310 (2002). 10.1109/2944.999186
2. R. A. Soref, Silicon-based optoelectronics., Proc. IEEE 81, 1687-1706 (1993). 10.1109/5.248958
3. J. Wierer, Jr., A. David, and M. Megens, III-nitride photonic-crystal light-emitting diodes with high extraction efficiency., Nat. Photonics 3, 163-169 (2009). 10.1038/nphoton.2009.21
4. M. Fujita, S. Takahashi, Y. Tanaka, T. Asano, and S. Noda, Simultaneous inhibition and redistribution of spontaneous light emission in photonic crystals., Science 308, 1296-1298 (2005). 10.1126/science.1110417
5. H. Benisty, J. Danglot, A. Talneau, S. Enoch, J. Pottage, and A. David, Investigation of extracting photonic crystal lattices for guided modes of GaAs-based heterostructures., IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 44, 777-789 (2008). 10.1109/JQE.2008.924819
6. T. Fujii, Y. Gao, R. Sharma, E. Hu, S. DenBaars, and S. Nakamura, Increase in the extraction efficiency of GaN-based light-emitting diodes via surface roughening., Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 855 (2004). 10.1063/1.1645992
7. M. Boroditsky, T. Krauss, R. Coccioli, R. Vrijen, R. Bhat, and E. Yablonovitch, Light extraction from optically pumped light-emitting diode by thin-slab photonic crystals., Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 1036 (1999). 10.1063/1.124588
8. A. David, T. Fujii, E. Matioli, R. Sharma, S. Nakamura, S. DenBaars, C. Weisbuch, and H. Benisty, GaN light-emitting diodes with Archimedean lattice photonic crystals., Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 073510 (2006). 10.1063/1.2168673
9. A. David, C. Meier, R. Sharma, F. Diana, S. DenBaars, E. Hu, S. Nakamura, C. Weisbuch, and H. Benisty, Photonic bands in two-dimensionally patterned multimode GaN waveguides., Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 101107 (2005). 10.1063/1.2039987
10. C. Lai, C. Chao, H. Kuo, H. Yen, C. Lee, and W. Yeh, Directional light extraction enhancement from GaN-based film-transferred photonic crystal light-emitting diodes., Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 123106 (2009). 10.1063/1.3106109
11. K. McGroddy, A. David, E. Matioli, M. Iza, S. Nakamura, S. DenBaars, J. S. Speck, C. Weisbuch, and E. L. Hu, Directional emission control and increased light extraction in GaN photonic crystal light emitting diodes., Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 103502 (2008). 10.1063/1.2978068
12. M. Rattier, H. Benisty, E. Schwoob, C. Weisbuch, T. F. Krauss, C. J. M. Smith, R. Houdre, and U. Oesterle, Omnidirectional and compact guided light extraction from Archimedean photonic lattices., Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 1283 (2003). 10.1063/1.1600831
13. S. David, A. Chelnokov, and J. Lourtioz, Isotropic photonic structures: Archimedean-like tilings and quasi-crystals., IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 37, 1427-1434 (2001). 10.1109/3.958365
14. J. Trevino, H. Cao, and L. Dal Negro, Circularly symmetric light scattering from nanoplasmonic spirals., Nano Lett. 11, 2008 (2011). 10.1021/nl2003736
15. C. Radin, The pinwheel tilings of the plane., Ann. Math. 139, 661-702 (1994). 10.2307/2118575
16. H. Vogel, A better way to construct the sunflower head., Math. Biosci. 44, 179 (1979). 10.1016/0025-5564(79)90080-4
17. G. J. Mitchison, Phyllotaxis and the Fibonacci series., Science 196, 270 (1977). 10.1126/science.196.4287.270
18. E. M. Barber, Aperiodic Structures in Condensed Matter, Fundamentals and Applications (CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 2009).
19. L. Dal Negro and S. V. Boriskina, Deterministic aperiodic nanostructures for photonics and plasmonics applications., Laser Photonics Rev. 6, 178-218 (2012). 10.1002/lpor.201000046
20. S. Y. Lee, C. Forestiere, A. J. Pasquale, J. Trevino, G. Walsh, P. Galli, M. Romagnoli, and L. Dal Negro, Plasmon-enhanced structural coloration of metal films with isotropic Pinwheel nanoparticle arrays., Opt. Express 19, 23819 (2011). 10.1364/OE.19.023818
21. M. L. Wu, Y. C. Lee, S. P. Yang, P. S. Lee, and J. Y. Chang, Azimuthally isotropic irradiance of GaN-based light-emitting diodes with GaN microlens arrays., Opt. Express 17, 6148-6155 (2009). 10.1364/OE.17.006148
22. S. F. Liew, H. Noh, J. Trevino, L. Dal Negro, and H. Cao, Localized photonic band edge modes and orbital angular momenta of light in a golden-angle spiral., Opt. Express 19, 23631-23642 (2011). 10.1364/OE.19.023631
23. J. Scheuer and M. Orenstein, Optical vortices crystals: Spontaneous generation in nonlinear semiconductor microcavities., Science 285, 230-232 (1999). 10.1126/science.285.5425.230
24. Yu. V. Bazhenov, M. V. Vasnetsov, and M. S. Soskin, Laser beams with screw dislocations in their wavefronts., JETP Lett. 52, 429-431 (1990).
25. N. Yu, P. Genevet, M. M. Kats, F. Aieta, J. Tetienne, F. Capasso, and Z. Gaburro, Light propagation with phase discontinuities: Generalized laws of reflection and refraction., Science 334, 333-337 (2011). 10.1126/science.1210713
26. C. Wiesmann, K. Bergenek, N. Linder, and U. T. Schwarz, Photonic crystal LEDs-designing light extraction., Laser Photon. Rev. 3, 262-286 (2009). 10.1002/lpor.200810053
27. M. Senechal, Quasicrystals and Geometry (Cambridge University Press, New York, 1996).
28. J. A. Adam, A Mathematical Nature Walk (Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2009).
29. M. Makarova, V. Sih, J. Warga, R. Li, L. Dal Negro, and J. Vuckovic, Enhanced light emission in photonic crystal nanocavities with erbium-doped silicon nanocrystals., Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 161107 (2008). 10.1063/1.2916711
30. G. Franzò, F. Priolo, S. Coffa, A. Polman, and A. Carnera, Room-temperature electroluminescence from Er-doped crystalline Si., Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 2235 (1994). 10.1063/1.111655
31. F. Priolo, G. Franzò, F. Iacona, D. Pacifici, and V. Vinciguerra, Role of the energy transfer in the optical properties of undoped and Er-doped interacting Si nanocrystals., J. Appl. Phys. 89, 264 (2001). 10.1063/1.1331074
32. D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, and L. Dal Negro, Modeling and perspectives of the Si nanocrystals-Er interaction for optical amplification., Phys. Rev. B 67, 1-13 (2003). 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.245301
33. S. Ossicini, L. Pavesi, and F. Priolo, Light Emitting Silicon for Microphotonics (Springer-Verlag, Berlin 2003).
34. H. Mertens and A. Polman, Plasmon-enhanced erbium luminescence., Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 211107 (2006). 10.1063/1.2392827
35. L. Dal Negro, R. Li, J. Warga, and S. N. Basu, Sensitized erbium emission from silicon-rich nitride/silicon superlattice structures., Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 181105 (2008). 10.1063/1.2920435
36. S. Yerci, R. Li, S. O. Kucheyev, T. van Buuren, S. N. Basu, and L. Dal Negro, Energy transfer and 1.54 μm emission in amorphous silicon nitride films., Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 031107 (2009). 10.1063/1.3184790
37. Y. C. Jun, R. M. Briggs, H. A. Atwater, and M. L. Brongersma, Broadband enhancement of light emission in silicon slot waveguides., Opt. Express 17, 7479-7490 (2009). 10.1364/OE.17.007479
38. S. Yerci, R. Li, and L. Dal Negro, Electroluminescence from Er-doped Si-rich silicon nitride light emitting diodes., Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 081109 (2010). 10.1063/1.3483771
39. Y. Gong, M. Makarova, S. Yerci, R. Li, M. J. Stevens, B. Baek, S. Woo Nam, L. Dal Negro, and J. Vuckovic, Observation of transparency of erbium-doped silicon nitride in photonic crystal nanobeam cavities., Opt. Express 18, 13863 (2010). 10.1364/OE.18.013863
40. A. Gopinath, S. V. Boriskina, S. Yerci, R. Li, and L. Dal Negro, Enhancement of the 1.54 μm Er emission from quasiperiodic plasmonic arrays., Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 071113 (2010). 10.1063/1.3327827
41. E. Schonbrun, M. Tinker, W. Park, and J.-B. Lee, Negative refraction in a Si-polymer photonic crystal membrane., IEEE Photon. Technol. 17, 1196-1198 (2005). 10.1109/LPT.2005.846477
42. See supplementary material at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4723564 E-JAPIAU-111-108211 for fabrication details, expanded description of optical characterization, data on extracted light versus R/A, and explanation of effective index calculation for FEM analysis.
43. N. Le Thomas, R. Houdrè, D. Beggs, and T. Krauss, Fourier space imaging of light localization at a photonic band-edge located below the light cone., Physical Review B 79, 1-4 (2009).
44. See http://www.comsol.com for product details.
45. J. Trevino, S. F. Liew, H. Noh, H. Cao, and L. Dal Negro, Geometrical structure, multifractal spectra and localized optical modes of aperiodic Vogel spirals., Opt. Express 20, 3015-3033 (2012). 10.1364/OE.20.003015
46. D. Andrews, Structured Light and its Applications (Elsevier, London, UK, 2008).
47. L. Allen, S. Barnett, and M. Padgett, Optical Angular Momentum (Institute of Physics, Bristol, UK, 2003).
48. S. Frank-Arnold, L. Allen, and M. Padgett, Laser Photon. Rev. 2, 299-313 (2008). 10.1002/lpor.200810007