GEP constitutes a negative feedback loop with MyoD and acts as a novel mediator in controlling skeletal muscle differentiation

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences

Volumn 69, Issue 11, 2012, Pages 1855-1873

  Wang, Dawei ^a,b   Bai, Xiaohui ^a,b   Tian, Qingyun ^a   Lai, Yongjie ^a   Lin, Edward A ^a   Shi, Yongxiang ^a   Mu, Xiaodong ^c,d   Feng, Jian Q ^e   Carlson, Cathy S ^f   Liu, Chuan Ju ^a,g  

^a NEW YORK UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b SHANDONG PROVINCIAL HOSPITAL AFFILIATED TO SHANDONG UNIVERSITY   (China)

^c CHILDREN S HOSPITAL OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^e BAYLOR COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^g NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

GEP; JunB; MyoD; Myogenesis

Indexed keywords

GRANULIN EPITHELIN PRECURSOR; GROWTH FACTOR; MYOD PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BINDING AFFINITY; BINDING SITE; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DNA FLANKING REGION; FEEDBACK SYSTEM; MOUSE; MUSCLE DEVELOPMENT; MYOBLAST; MYOTUBE; NONHUMAN; POINT MUTATION; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; REPORTER GENE; SKELETAL MUSCLE; UPREGULATION;

ANIMALS; BASE SEQUENCE; BINDING SITES; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL LINE; FEEDBACK, PHYSIOLOGICAL; HEK293 CELLS; HUMANS; INTERCELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS; MICE; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; MUSCLE FIBERS, SKELETAL; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; MYOBLASTS, SKELETAL; MYOD PROTEIN;

MUS;

EID: 84862851509     PISSN: 1420682X     EISSN: 14209071     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-011-0901-5     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. OO Anakwe GL Gerton 1990 Acrosome biogenesis begins during meiosis: evidence from the synthesis and distribution of an acrosomal glycoprotein, acrogranin, during guinea pig spermatogenesis Biol Reprod 42 317 328 1692485 10.1095/biolreprod42.2.317 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXitFCgu74%3D (Pubitemid 20107257)
2. F Aurade C Pinset P Chafey F Gros D Montarras 1994 Myf5, MyoD, myogenin and MRF4 myogenic derivatives of the embryonic mesenchymal cell line C3H10T1/2 exhibit the same adult muscle phenotype Differentiation 55 185 192 8187980 10.1046/j.1432-0436.1994.5530185.x 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXktVGqu7s%3D (Pubitemid 24085523)
3. T Baba HB Hoff 3rd H Nemoto H Lee J Orth Y Arai GL Gerton 1993 Acrogranin, an acrosomal cysteine-rich glycoprotein, is the precursor of the growth-modulating peptides, granulins, and epithelins, and is expressed in somatic as well as male germ cells Mol Reprod Dev 34 233 243 8471244 10.1002/mrd.1080340302 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXks1yqsrc%3D (Pubitemid 23082890)
4. DR Barreda PC Hanington CK Walsh P Wong M Belosevic 2004 Differentially expressed genes that encode potential markers of goldfish macrophage development in vitro Dev Comp Immunol 28 727 746 15043942 10.1016/j.dci.2003.11.005 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXisVaqs78%3D (Pubitemid 38388243)
5. A Bateman D Belcourt H Bennett C Lazure S Solomon 1990 Granulins, a novel class of peptide from leukocytes Biochem Biophys Res Commun 173 1161 1168 2268320 10.1016/S0006-291X(05)80908-8 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXhs1aitrs%3D
6. A Bateman HP Bennett 2009 The granulin gene family: from cancer to dementia Bioessays 31 1245 1254 19795409 10.1002/bies.200900086 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsFSqurnP
7. E Bengal L Ransone R Scharfmann VJ Dwarki SJ Tapscott H Weintraub IM Verma 1992 Functional antagonism between c-Jun and MyoD proteins: a direct physical association Cell 68 507 519 1310896 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90187-H 1:CAS:528:DyaK38XhsVGgtbc%3D
8. T Braun G Buschhausen-Denker E Bober E Tannich HH Arnold 1989 A novel human muscle factor related to but distinct from MyoD1 induces myogenic conversion in 10T1/2 fibroblasts EMBO J 8 701 709 2721498 1:CAS:528: DyaK3cXhslSktg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 19273240)
9. E Chalaux T Lopez-Rovira JL Rosa R Bartrons F Ventura 1998 JunB is involved in the inhibition of myogenic differentiation by bone morphogenetic protein-2 J Biol Chem 273 537 543 9417113 10.1074/jbc.273.1.537 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXjvFCrtQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 28042242)
10. SB Charge AS Brack SA Bayol SM Hughes 2008 MyoD- and nerve-dependent maintenance of MyoD expression in mature muscle fibres acts through the DRR/PRR element BMC Dev Biol 8 5 18215268 10.1186/1471-213X-8-5 (Pubitemid 351328644)
11. X Chen M Baumel DN Mannel OM Howard JJ Oppenheim 2007 Interaction of TNF with TNF receptor type 2 promotes expansion and function of mouse CD4+CD25+T regulatory cells J Immunol 179 154 161 17579033 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXmsF2hsbs%3D (Pubitemid 46986529)
12. J Choi ML Costa CS Mermelstein C Chagas S Holtzer H Holtzer 1990 MyoD converts primary dermal fibroblasts, chondroblasts, smooth muscle, and retinal pigmented epithelial cells into striated mononucleated myoblasts and multinucleated myotubes Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87 7988 7992 2172969 10.1073/pnas.87.20.7988 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXmt1ymt7g%3D
13. R Daniel Z He KP Carmichael J Halper A Bateman 2000 Cellular localization of gene expression for progranulin J Histochem Cytochem 48 999 1009 10858277 10.1177/002215540004800713 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXksFyjtLY%3D (Pubitemid 30421564)
14. B Davidson E Alejandro VA Florenes JM Goderstad B Risberg GB Kristensen CG Trope EC Kohn 2004 Granulin-epithelin precursor is a novel prognostic marker in epithelial ovarian carcinoma Cancer 100 2139 2147 15139056 10.1002/cncr.20219 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXksF2rs7o%3D (Pubitemid 38580332)
15. RL Davis H Weintraub AB Lassar 1987 Expression of a single transfected cDNA converts fibroblasts to myoblasts Cell 51 987 1000 3690668 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90585-X 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXhvF2iurc%3D
16. DG Edmondson EN Olson 1989 A gene with homology to the myc similarity region of MyoD1 is expressed during myogenesis and is sufficient to activate the muscle differentiation program Genes Dev 3 628 640 2473006 10.1101/gad.3.5.628 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXhtlensbs%3D
17. DG Edmondson EN Olson 1993 Helix-loop-helix proteins as regulators of muscle-specific transcription J Biol Chem 268 755 758 8380414 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXpsFWmsQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 23019696)
18. MN Elkasrawy MW Hamrick 2010 Myostatin (GDF-8) as a key factor linking muscle mass and bone structure J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 10 56 63 20190380 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXjtVKhtLY%3D
19. JQ Feng FJ Guo BC Jiang Y Zhang S Frenkel DW Wang W Tang Y Xie CJ Liu 2010 Granulin epithelin precursor: a bone morphogenic protein 2-inducible growth factor that activates Erk1/2 signaling and JunB transcription factor in chondrogenesis FASEB J 24 1879 1892 20124436 10.1096/fj.09-144659 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXnt1Oju7g%3D
20. EM Gonzalez M Mongiat SJ Slater R Baffa RV Iozzo 2003 A novel interaction between perlecan protein core and progranulin: potential effects on tumor growth J Biol Chem 278 38113 38116 12900424 10.1074/jbc.C300310200 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXnslSqtr0%3D (Pubitemid 37221697)
21. F Guo Y Lai Q Tian EA Lin L Kong C Liu 2010 Granulin-epithelin precursor binds directly to ADAMTS-7 and ADAMTS-12 and inhibits their degradation of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein Arthritis Rheum 62 2023 2036 20506400 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXht1aqsLzP
22. H Hayashi S Abdollah Y Qiu J Cai Xu YY BW Grinnell MA Richardson JN Topper MA Gimbrone Jr JL Wrana D Falb 1997 The MAD-related protein Smad7 associates with the TGFbeta receptor and functions as an antagonist of TGFbeta signaling Cell 89 1165 1173 9215638 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80303-7 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXkt1Kks70%3D (Pubitemid 127678749)
23. Z He A Bateman 2003 Progranulin (granulin-epithelin precursor, PC-cell-derived growth factor, acrogranin) mediates tissue repair and tumorigenesis J Mol Med 81 600 612 12928786 10.1007/s00109-003-0474-3 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXotVars7o%3D (Pubitemid 37357675)
24. Z He CH Ong J Halper A Bateman 2003 Progranulin is a mediator of the wound response Nat Med 9 225 229 12524533 10.1038/nm816 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD3sXotlShtQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 36227726)
25. MB Jones M Spooner EC Kohn 2003 The granulin-epithelin precursor: a putative new growth factor for ovarian cancer Gynecol Oncol 88 S136 S139 12586105 10.1006/gyno.2002.6704 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhsVWku7k%3D
26. HP Justen E Grunewald G Totzke I Gouni-Berthold A Sachinidis D Wessinghage H Vetter K Schulze-Osthoff Y Ko 2000 Differential gene expression in synovium of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis Mol Cell Biol Res Commun 3 165 172 10860865 10.1006/mcbr.2000.0211 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXksFOntro%3D (Pubitemid 30430017)
27. T Katagiri S Akiyama M Namiki M Komaki A Yamaguchi V Rosen JM Wozney A Fujisawa-Sehara T Suda 1997 Bone morphogenetic protein-2 inhibits terminal differentiation of myogenic cells by suppressing the transcriptional activity of MyoD and myogenin Exp Cell Res 230 342 351 9024793 10.1006/excr.1996.3432 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXhtVShur0%3D (Pubitemid 27190654)
28. M Kitzmann M Vandromme V Schaeffer G Carnac JC Labbe N Lamb A Fernandez 1999 cdk1- and cdk2-mediated phosphorylation of MyoD Ser200 in growing C2 myoblasts: role in modulating MyoD half-life and myogenic activity Mol Cell Biol 19 3167 3176 10082583 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXit1eis7k%3D (Pubitemid 29144561)
29. HD Kollias JC McDermott 2008 Transforming growth factor-beta and myostatin signaling in skeletal muscle J Appl Physiol 104 579 587 18032576 10.1152/japplphysiol.01091.2007 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXkt1Ohtrw%3D (Pubitemid 351468784)
30. AB Lassar RL Davis WE Wright T Kadesch C Murre A Voronova D Baltimore H Weintraub 1991 Functional activity of myogenic HLH proteins requires hetero-oligomerization with E12/E47-like proteins in vivo Cell 66 305 315 1649701 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90620-E 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXltFWhsbg%3D (Pubitemid 121001368)
31. AB Lassar SX Skapek B Novitch 1994 Regulatory mechanisms that coordinate skeletal muscle differentiation and cell cycle withdrawal Curr Opin Cell Biol 6 788 794 7880524 10.1016/0955-0674(94)90046-9 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXisVSqsr8%3D (Pubitemid 24357907)
32. L Li J Zhou G James R Heller-Harrison MP Czech EN Olson 1992 FGF inactivates myogenic helix-loop-helix proteins through phosphorylation of a conserved protein kinase C site in their DNA-binding domains Cell 71 1181 1194 1335366 10.1016/S0092-8674(05)80066-2 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXhtFOnsLc%3D (Pubitemid 23016552)
33. C Liu H Wang Z Zhao S Yu YB Lu J Meyer G Chatterjee S Deschamps BA Roe P Lengyel 2000 MyoD-dependent induction during myoblast differentiation of p204, a protein also inducible by interferon Mol Cell Biol 20 7024 7036 10958697 10.1128/MCB.20.18.7024-7036.2000 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXmsVamsbg%3D
34. Liu CJ (2008) ADAMTS-7 and ADAMTS-12 in the pathogenesis of arthritis. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol 5(1):38-45
35. CJ Liu 2011 Progranulin: a promising therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis FEBS Lett 585 23 3675 3680 21550343 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.04.065 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhsFSis7%2FJ
36. Liu CJ, Bosch X (2011) Progranulin: a growth factor, a novel TNFR ligand and a drug target. Pharmacol Ther [Epub ahead of print]
37. CJ Liu B Ding H Wang P Lengyel 2002 The MyoD-inducible p204 protein overcomes the inhibition of myoblast differentiation by Id proteins Mol Cell Biol 22 2893 2905 11940648 10.1128/MCB.22.9.2893-2905.2002 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD38XivFylsLo%3D (Pubitemid 34437449)
38. R Lu G Serrero 2000 Inhibition of PC cell-derived growth factor (PCDGF, epithelin/granulin precursor) expression by antisense PCDGF cDNA transfection inhibits tumorigenicity of the human breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-468 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97 3993 3998 10760271 10.1073/pnas.97.8.3993 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXislSgt7o%3D (Pubitemid 30226075)
39. ME Massari C Murre 2000 Helix-loop-helix proteins: regulators of transcription in eucaryotic organisms Mol Cell Biol 20 429 440 10611221 10.1128/MCB.20.2.429-440.2000 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjtVKnsg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 30023084)
40. AC McPherron AM Lawler SJ Lee 1997 Regulation of skeletal muscle mass in mice by a new TGF-beta superfamily member Nature 387 83 90 9139826 10.1038/387083a0 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXivFygur0%3D (Pubitemid 27202654)
41. AC McPherron SJ Lee 2002 Suppression of body fat accumulation in myostatin-deficient mice J Clin Invest 109 595 601 11877467 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD38XitVeqt7Y%3D (Pubitemid 34204838)
42. LA Megeney MA Rudnicki 1995 Determination versus differentiation and the MyoD family of transcription factors Biochem Cell Biol 73 723 732 8714693 10.1139/o95-080 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XhtFOnu7g%3D
43. A Nakao M Afrakhte A Moren T Nakayama JL Christian R Heuchel S Itoh M Kawabata NE Heldin CH Heldin P ten Dijke 1997 Identification of Smad7, a TGFbeta-inducible antagonist of TGF-beta signalling Nature 389 631 635 9335507 10.1038/39369 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmslWksrs%3D (Pubitemid 27446184)
44. EN Olson 1992 Interplay between proliferation and differentiation within the myogenic lineage Dev Biol 154 261 272 1330787 10.1016/0012-1606(92)90066-P 1:STN:280:DyaK3s%2FltVOqsw%3D%3D
45. EN Olson 1990 MyoD family: a paradigm for development? Genes Dev 4 1454 1461 2253873 10.1101/gad.4.9.1454 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXls1KitL4%3D (Pubitemid 20310066)
46. EN Olson WH Klein 1994 bHLH factors in muscle development: dead lines and commitments, what to leave in and what to leave out Genes Dev 8 1 8 8288123 10.1101/gad.8.1.1 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXpsF2jtQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 24032848)
47. GD Plowman JM Green MG Neubauer SD Buckley VL McDonald GJ Todaro M Shoyab 1992 The epithelin precursor encodes two proteins with opposing activities on epithelial cell growth J Biol Chem 267 13073 13078 1618805 1:CAS:528: DyaK3sXisVygtbY%3D
48. EG Reynaud K Pelpel M Guillier MP Leibovitch SA Leibovitch 1999 p57(Kip2) stabilizes the MyoD protein by inhibiting cyclin E-Cdk2 kinase activity in growing myoblasts Mol Cell Biol 19 7621 7629 10523650 1:CAS:528: DyaK1MXmvFektLo%3D (Pubitemid 29493425)
49. SJ Rhodes SF Konieczny 1989 Identification of MRF4: a new member of the muscle regulatory factor gene family Genes Dev 3 2050 2061 2560751 10.1101/gad.3.12b.2050 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXkslaisbg%3D (Pubitemid 20023230)
50. MA Rudnicki R Jaenisch 1995 The MyoD family of transcription factors and skeletal myogenesis Bioessays 17 203 209 7748174 10.1002/bies.950170306 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXlsVersbo%3D
51. V Sartorelli PL Puri Y Hamamori V Ogryzko G Chung Y Nakatani JY Wang L Kedes 1999 Acetylation of MyoD directed by PCAF is necessary for the execution of the muscle program Mol Cell 4 725 734 10619020 10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80383-4 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXnslOju7c%3D
52. BW Schafer BT Blakely GJ Darlington HM Blau 1990 Effect of cell history on response to helix-loop-helix family of myogenic regulators Nature 344 454 458 2157160 10.1038/344454a0 1:STN:280:DyaK3c3gs1SmsA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 20110100)
53. M Schuelke KR Wagner LE Stolz C Hubner T Riebel W Komen T Braun JF Tobin SJ Lee 2004 Myostatin mutation associated with gross muscle hypertrophy in a child N Engl J Med 350 2682 2688 15215484 10.1056/NEJMoa040933 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXltFGns7c%3D (Pubitemid 38788003)
54. C Sell G Dumenil C Deveaud M Miura D Coppola T DeAngelis R Rubin A Efstratiadis R Baserga 1994 Effect of a null mutation of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor gene on growth and transformation of mouse embryo fibroblasts Mol Cell Biol 14 3604 3612 8196606 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXktlaiurY%3D (Pubitemid 24160768)
55. M Shoyab VL McDonald C Byles GJ Todaro GD Plowman 1990 Epithelins 1 and 2: isolation and characterization of two cysteine-rich growth-modulating proteins Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87 7912 7916 2236009 10.1073/pnas.87.20.7912 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXnsFejtg%3D%3D
56. A Song Q Wang MG Goebl MA Harrington 1998 Phosphorylation of nuclear MyoD is required for its rapid degradation Mol Cell Biol 18 4994 4999 9710583 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXls1Sgsbc%3D (Pubitemid 28388082)
57. R Sreeramaneni A Chaudhry M McMahon CJ Sherr K Inoue 2005 Ras-Raf-Arf signaling critically depends on the Dmp1 transcription factor Mol Cell Biol 25 220 232 15601844 10.1128/MCB.25.1.220-232.2005 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXis1Gitw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 40039813)
58. X Sun M Gulyas A Hjerpe 2004 Mesothelial differentiation as reflected by differential gene expression Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 30 510 518 14551161 10.1165/rcmb.2003-0266OC 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjt1yjs7w%3D (Pubitemid 38457184)
59. M Suzuki M Nishiahara 2002 Granulin precursor gene: a sex steroid-inducible gene involved in sexual differentiation of the rat brain Mol Genet Metab 75 31 37 11825061 10.1006/mgme.2001.3274 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD38Xpt1WnsQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 34971532)
60. W Tang Y Lu QY Tian Y Zhang FJ Guo GY Liu NM Syed Y Lai EA Lin L Kong J Su F Yin AH Ding A Zanin-Zhorov ML Dustin J Tao J Craft Z Yin JQ Feng SB Abramson XP Yu CJ Liu 2011 The Growth Factor Progranulin Binds to TNF Receptors and Is Therapeutic Against Inflammatory Arthritis in Mice Science 332 478 484 21393509 10.1126/science.1199214 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXkvValsrY%3D
61. MJ Thayer SJ Tapscott RL Davis WE Wright AB Lassar H Weintraub 1989 Positive autoregulation of the myogenic determination gene MyoD1 Cell 58 241 248 2546677 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90838-6 1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXlt1yjurk%3D (Pubitemid 19191406)
62. W Wang J Hayashi WE Kim G Serrero 2003 PC cell-derived growth factor (granulin precursor) expression and action in human multiple myeloma Clin Cancer Res 9 2221 2228 12796389 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXksVWqu7c%3D (Pubitemid 36687646)
63. H Weintraub R Davis S Tapscott M Thayer M Krause R Benezra TK Blackwell D Turner R Rupp S Hollenberg, et al. 1991 The myoD gene family: nodal point during specification of the muscle cell lineage Science 251 761 766 1846704 10.1126/science.1846704 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXhtFyqtbs%3D (Pubitemid 21926164)
64. WE Wright 1992 Muscle basic helix-loop-helix proteins and the regulation of myogenesis Curr Opin Genet Dev 2 243 248 1638118 10.1016/S0959-437X(05)80280- 1 1:CAS:528:DyaK38Xkt1elsb4%3D
65. WE Wright DA Sassoon VK Lin 1989 Myogenin, a factor regulating myogenesis, has a domain homologous to MyoD Cell 56 607 617 2537150 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90583-7 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXjt1alsw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 19065530)
66. K Xu Y Zhang K Ilalov CS Carlson JQ Feng PE Di Cesare CJ Liu 2007 Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein associates with granulin-epithelin precursor (GEP) and potentiates GEP-stimulated chondrocyte proliferation J Biol Chem 282 11347 11355 17307734 10.1074/jbc.M608744200 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXjvFagt7g%3D (Pubitemid 47100806)
67. SQ Xu D Tang S Chamberlain G Pronk FR Masiarz S Kaur M Prisco T Zanocco-Marani R Baserga 1998 The granulin/epithelin precursor abrogates the requirement for the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor for growth in vitro J Biol Chem 273 20078 20083 9685348 10.1074/jbc.273.32.20078 1:CAS:528: DyaK1cXlsVWgsLY%3D (Pubitemid 28377561)
68. D Yaffe 1968 Retention of differentiation potentialities during prolonged cultivation of myogenic cells Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 61 477 483 5245982 10.1073/pnas.61.2.477 1:STN:280:DyaF1M%2FhsFOrtg%3D%3D
69. D Yaffe O Saxel 1977 Serial passaging and differentiation of myogenic cells isolated from dystrophic mouse muscle Nature 270 725 727 563524 10.1038/270725a0 1:STN:280:DyaE1c%2FntFyjtQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 8239246)
70. N Yamamoto S Akiyama T Katagiri M Namiki T Kurokawa T Suda 1997 Smad1 and smad5 act downstream of intracellular signalings of BMP-2 that inhibits myogenic differentiation and induces osteoblast differentiation in C2C12 myoblasts Biochem Biophys Res Commun 238 574 580 9299554 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7325 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmsVGktLk%3D (Pubitemid 27464430)
71. J Yoo M Ghiassi L Jirmanova AG Balliet B Hoffman AJ Fornace Jr DA Liebermann EP Bottinger AB Roberts 2003 Transforming growth factor-beta-induced apoptosis is mediated by Smad-dependent expression of GADD45b through p38 activation J Biol Chem 278 43001 43007 12933797 10.1074/jbc.M307869200 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXosFSktL8%3D (Pubitemid 37345913)
72. T Zanocco-Marani A Bateman G Romano B Valentinis ZH He R Baserga 1999 Biological activities and signaling pathways of the granulin/epithelin precursor Cancer Res 59 5331 5340 10537317 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmvFeltrw%3D (Pubitemid 29504002)
73. H Zhang G Serrero 1998 Inhibition of tumorigenicity of the teratoma PC cell line by transfection with antisense cDNA for PC cell-derived growth factor (PCDGF, epithelin/granulin precursor) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95 14202 14207 9826678 10.1073/pnas.95.24.14202 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXns1GmurY%3D (Pubitemid 28549345)
74. JM Zhang X Zhao Q Wei BM Paterson 1999 Direct inhibition of G(1) cdk kinase activity by MyoD promotes myoblast cell cycle withdrawal and terminal differentiation EMBO J 18 6983 6993 10601020 10.1093/emboj/18.24.6983 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXhtFemsA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 30000451)
75. J Zhou G Gao JW Crabb G Serrero 1993 Purification of an autocrine growth factor homologous with mouse epithelin precursor from a highly tumorigenic cell line J Biol Chem 268 10863 10869 8496151 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXksVWrsLo%3D (Pubitemid 23162265)
76. J Zhu C Nathan W Jin D Sim GS Ashcroft SM Wahl L Lacomis H Erdjument-Bromage P Tempst CD Wright A Ding 2002 Conversion of proepithelin to epithelins: roles of SLPI and elastase in host defense and wound repair Cell 111 867 878 12526812 10.1016/S0092-8674(02)01141-8 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhtVyksw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 36106407)