메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 248, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 87-103

The genetics of multiple sclerosis: An up-to-date review

Author keywords

Experimental autoimmune encephalitis; Major histocompatibility complex; Multiple sclerosis; Neuroimmunology

Indexed keywords

HLA ANTIGEN CLASS 2; HLA DR ANTIGEN; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN;

EID: 84862747867     PISSN: 01052896     EISSN: 1600065X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2012.01134.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (221)

References (130)
  • 1
    • 0002063324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases
    • Longo DI ed., 18th edn. New York: McGraw-Hill
    • Hauser SL, Goodin DS. Multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases. In: Longo DI ed. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th edn. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2012:3395-3409.
    • (2012) Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine , pp. 3395-3409
    • Hauser, S.L.1    Goodin, D.S.2
  • 2
    • 0015492877 scopus 로고
    • HL-A antigens and multiple sclerosis
    • Jersild C, Svejgaard A, Fog T. HL-A antigens and multiple sclerosis. Lancet 1972;1:1240-1241.
    • (1972) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1240-1241
    • Jersild, C.1    Svejgaard, A.2    Fog, T.3
  • 4
    • 0025767289 scopus 로고
    • HLA class II-associated genetic susceptibility in multiple sclerosis: a critical evaluation
    • Olerup O, Hillert J. HLA class II-associated genetic susceptibility in multiple sclerosis: a critical evaluation. Tissue Antigens 1991;38:1-15.
    • (1991) Tissue Antigens , vol.38 , pp. 1-15
    • Olerup, O.1    Hillert, J.2
  • 5
    • 33748740746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity at the HLA-DRB1 locus and risk for multiple sclerosis
    • Barcellos LF, et al. Heterogeneity at the HLA-DRB1 locus and risk for multiple sclerosis. Hum Mol Genet 2006;15:2813-2824.
    • (2006) Hum Mol Genet , vol.15 , pp. 2813-2824
    • Barcellos, L.F.1
  • 6
    • 80051684615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis
    • Sawcer S, et al. Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis. Nature 2011;476:214-219.
    • (2011) Nature , vol.476 , pp. 214-219
    • Sawcer, S.1
  • 7
    • 38549083107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HLA-A confers an HLA-DRB1 independent influence on the risk of multiple sclerosis
    • Brynedal B, et al. HLA-A confers an HLA-DRB1 independent influence on the risk of multiple sclerosis. PLoS ONE 2007;2:e664.
    • (2007) PLoS ONE , vol.2
    • Brynedal, B.1
  • 8
    • 10744231677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genes in the HLA class I region may contribute to the HLA class II-associated genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis
    • Harbo HF, et al. Genes in the HLA class I region may contribute to the HLA class II-associated genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis. Tissue Antigens 2004;63:237-247.
    • (2004) Tissue Antigens , vol.63 , pp. 237-247
    • Harbo, H.F.1
  • 9
    • 0021028244 scopus 로고
    • A polymorphic DNA marker genetically linked to Huntington's disease
    • Gusella JF, et al. A polymorphic DNA marker genetically linked to Huntington's disease. Nature 1983;306:234-238.
    • (1983) Nature , vol.306 , pp. 234-238
    • Gusella, J.F.1
  • 10
    • 15844366743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A full genome search in multiple sclerosis
    • Ebers GC, et al. A full genome search in multiple sclerosis. Nat Genet 1996;13:472-476.
    • (1996) Nat Genet , vol.13 , pp. 472-476
    • Ebers, G.C.1
  • 11
    • 0009573338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A complete genomic screen for multiple sclerosis underscores a role for the major histocompatability complex. The Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Group
    • Haines JL, et al. A complete genomic screen for multiple sclerosis underscores a role for the major histocompatability complex. The Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Group. Nat Genet 1996;13:469-471.
    • (1996) Nat Genet , vol.13 , pp. 469-471
    • Haines, J.L.1
  • 12
    • 0030017175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A putative vulnerability locus to multiple sclerosis maps to 5p14-p12 in a region syntenic to the murine locus Eae2
    • Kuokkanen S, et al. A putative vulnerability locus to multiple sclerosis maps to 5p14-p12 in a region syntenic to the murine locus Eae2. Nat Genet 1996;13:477-480.
    • (1996) Nat Genet , vol.13 , pp. 477-480
    • Kuokkanen, S.1
  • 13
    • 15844368830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genome screen in multiple sclerosis reveals susceptibility loci on chromosome 6p21 and 17q22
    • Sawcer S, et al. A genome screen in multiple sclerosis reveals susceptibility loci on chromosome 6p21 and 17q22. Nat Genet 1996;13:464-468.
    • (1996) Nat Genet , vol.13 , pp. 464-468
    • Sawcer, S.1
  • 14
    • 23944499790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A high-density screen for linkage in multiple sclerosis
    • Sawcer S, et al. A high-density screen for linkage in multiple sclerosis. Am J Hum Genet 2005;77:454-467.
    • (2005) Am J Hum Genet , vol.77 , pp. 454-467
    • Sawcer, S.1
  • 15
    • 0037312921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of genetic association studies supports a contribution of common variants to susceptibility to common disease
    • Lohmueller KE, Pearce CL, Pike M, Lander ES, Hirschhorn JN. Meta-analysis of genetic association studies supports a contribution of common variants to susceptibility to common disease. Nat Genet 2003;33:177-182.
    • (2003) Nat Genet , vol.33 , pp. 177-182
    • Lohmueller, K.E.1    Pearce, C.L.2    Pike, M.3    Lander, E.S.4    Hirschhorn, J.N.5
  • 16
    • 0035451780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the allelic spectrum of human disease
    • Reich DE, Lander ES. On the allelic spectrum of human disease. Trends Genet 2001;17:502-510.
    • (2001) Trends Genet , vol.17 , pp. 502-510
    • Reich, D.E.1    Lander, E.S.2
  • 17
    • 77953806824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bayes factors in complex genetics
    • Sawcer S. Bayes factors in complex genetics. Eur J Hum Genet 2010;18:746-750.
    • (2010) Eur J Hum Genet , vol.18 , pp. 746-750
    • Sawcer, S.1
  • 18
    • 34548299105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk alleles for multiple sclerosis identified by a genomewide study
    • Hafler DA, et al. Risk alleles for multiple sclerosis identified by a genomewide study. N Engl J Med 2007;357:851-862.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.357 , pp. 851-862
    • Hafler, D.A.1
  • 19
    • 34548351247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin 7 receptor alpha chain (IL7R) shows allelic and functional association with multiple sclerosis
    • Gregory SG, et al. Interleukin 7 receptor alpha chain (IL7R) shows allelic and functional association with multiple sclerosis. Nat Genet 2007;39:1083-1091.
    • (2007) Nat Genet , vol.39 , pp. 1083-1091
    • Gregory, S.G.1
  • 20
    • 34548368541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in interleukin 7 receptor alpha chain (IL7R) influences risk of multiple sclerosis
    • Lundmark F, et al. Variation in interleukin 7 receptor alpha chain (IL7R) influences risk of multiple sclerosis. Nat Genet 2007;39:1108-1113.
    • (2007) Nat Genet , vol.39 , pp. 1108-1113
    • Lundmark, F.1
  • 21
    • 67649881102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association study identifies new multiple sclerosis susceptibility loci on chromosomes 12 and 20
    • ANZgene
    • ANZgene. Genome-wide association study identifies new multiple sclerosis susceptibility loci on chromosomes 12 and 20. Nat Genet 2009;41:824-828.
    • (2009) Nat Genet , vol.41 , pp. 824-828
  • 22
    • 76049083598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association study in a high-risk isolate for multiple sclerosis reveals associated variants in STAT3 gene
    • Jakkula E, et al. Genome-wide association study in a high-risk isolate for multiple sclerosis reveals associated variants in STAT3 gene. Am J Hum Genet 2010;86:285-291.
    • (2010) Am J Hum Genet , vol.86 , pp. 285-291
    • Jakkula, E.1
  • 23
    • 77952884985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variants within the immunoregulatory CBLB gene are associated with multiple sclerosis
    • Sanna S, et al. Variants within the immunoregulatory CBLB gene are associated with multiple sclerosis. Nat Genet 2010;42:495-497.
    • (2010) Nat Genet , vol.42 , pp. 495-497
    • Sanna, S.1
  • 24
    • 77956649792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for VAV2 and ZNF433 as susceptibility genes for multiple sclerosis
    • Nischwitz S, et al. Evidence for VAV2 and ZNF433 as susceptibility genes for multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2010;227:162-166.
    • (2010) J Neuroimmunol , vol.227 , pp. 162-166
    • Nischwitz, S.1
  • 26
    • 67649876123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of genome scans and replication identify CD6, IRF8 and TNFRSF1A as new multiple sclerosis susceptibility loci
    • De Jager PL, et al. Meta-analysis of genome scans and replication identify CD6, IRF8 and TNFRSF1A as new multiple sclerosis susceptibility loci. Nat Genet 2009;41:776-782.
    • (2009) Nat Genet , vol.41 , pp. 776-782
    • De Jager, P.L.1
  • 27
    • 58949099391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association analysis of susceptibility and clinical phenotype in multiple sclerosis
    • Baranzini SE, et al. Genome-wide association analysis of susceptibility and clinical phenotype in multiple sclerosis. Hum Mol Genet 2009;18:767-778.
    • (2009) Hum Mol Genet , vol.18 , pp. 767-778
    • Baranzini, S.E.1
  • 28
    • 55849139823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a novel risk locus for multiple sclerosis at 13q31.3 by a pooled genome-wide scan of 500,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms
    • Comabella M, et al. Identification of a novel risk locus for multiple sclerosis at 13q31.3 by a pooled genome-wide scan of 500, 000 single nucleotide polymorphisms. PLoS ONE 2008;3:e3490.
    • (2008) PLoS ONE , vol.3
    • Comabella, M.1
  • 29
    • 35748981184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association scan of 14,500 nonsynonymous SNPs in four diseases identifies autoimmunity variants
    • Burton PR, et al. Association scan of 14, 500 nonsynonymous SNPs in four diseases identifies autoimmunity variants. Nat Genet 2007;39:1329-1337.
    • (2007) Nat Genet , vol.39 , pp. 1329-1337
    • Burton, P.R.1
  • 30
    • 58949100205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL2RA genetic heterogeneity in multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes susceptibility and soluble interleukin-2 receptor production
    • Maier LM, et al. IL2RA genetic heterogeneity in multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes susceptibility and soluble interleukin-2 receptor production. PLoS Genet 2009;5:e1000322.
    • (2009) PLoS Genet , vol.5
    • Maier, L.M.1
  • 31
    • 70449470314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genetics of autoimmune diseases: a networked perspective
    • Baranzini SE. The genetics of autoimmune diseases: a networked perspective. Curr Opin Immunol 2009;21:596-605.
    • (2009) Curr Opin Immunol , vol.21 , pp. 596-605
    • Baranzini, S.E.1
  • 32
    • 80052325959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pervasive sharing of genetic effects in autoimmune disease
    • Cotsapas C, et al. Pervasive sharing of genetic effects in autoimmune disease. PLoS Genet 2011;7:e1002254.
    • (2011) PLoS Genet , vol.7
    • Cotsapas, C.1
  • 33
    • 77956885532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A ChIP-seq defined genome-wide map of vitamin D receptor binding: associations with disease and evolution
    • Ramagopalan SV, et al. A ChIP-seq defined genome-wide map of vitamin D receptor binding: associations with disease and evolution. Genome Res 2010;20:1352-1360.
    • (2010) Genome Res , vol.20 , pp. 1352-1360
    • Ramagopalan, S.V.1
  • 34
    • 61449102631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of the multiple sclerosis-associated MHC class II Allele HLA-DRB1*1501 is regulated by vitamin D
    • Ramagopalan SV, et al. Expression of the multiple sclerosis-associated MHC class II Allele HLA-DRB1*1501 is regulated by vitamin D. PLoS Genet 2009;5:e1000369.
    • (2009) PLoS Genet , vol.5
    • Ramagopalan, S.V.1
  • 35
    • 84255175933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rare variants in the CYP27B1 gene are associated with multiple sclerosis
    • Ramagopalan SV, et al. Rare variants in the CYP27B1 gene are associated with multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2011;70:881-886.
    • (2011) Ann Neurol , vol.70 , pp. 881-886
    • Ramagopalan, S.V.1
  • 36
    • 77951836633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome, epigenome and RNA sequences of monozygotic twins discordant for multiple sclerosis
    • Baranzini SE, et al. Genome, epigenome and RNA sequences of monozygotic twins discordant for multiple sclerosis. Nature 2010;464:1351-1356.
    • (2010) Nature , vol.464 , pp. 1351-1356
    • Baranzini, S.E.1
  • 37
    • 84862738961 scopus 로고
    • Study of the leukocyte phenotypes in Hodkin's disease. In: Curtoni ES, Mattiuz PL, Tosi RM eds. Histocompatibility Testing 1967 Report of a Conference and Workshop, Torino and Saint-Vincent, Italy, 14-24 June 1967. København: Munksgaard, 458.
    • Amiel JC. Study of the leukocyte phenotypes in Hodkin's disease. In: Curtoni ES, Mattiuz PL, Tosi RM eds. Histocompatibility Testing 1967 Report of a Conference and Workshop, Torino and Saint-Vincent, Italy, 14-24 June 1967. København: Munksgaard, 1967:458.
    • (1967)
    • Amiel, J.C.1
  • 38
    • 0014674247 scopus 로고
    • Genetic control of the antibody response: relationship between immune response and histocompatibility (H-2) type
    • McDevitt HO, Chinitz A. Genetic control of the antibody response: relationship between immune response and histocompatibility (H-2) type. Science 1969;163:1207-1208.
    • (1969) Science , vol.163 , pp. 1207-1208
    • McDevitt, H.O.1    Chinitz, A.2
  • 39
    • 0030903745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invited anniversary review: HLA associated diseases
    • Thorsby E. Invited anniversary review: HLA associated diseases. Hum Immunol 1997;53:1-11.
    • (1997) Hum Immunol , vol.53 , pp. 1-11
    • Thorsby, E.1
  • 40
    • 0015733713 scopus 로고
    • Histocompatibility determinants in multiple sclerosis, with special reference to clinical course
    • Jersild C, Fog T, Hansen GS, Thomsen M, Svejgaard A, Dupont B. Histocompatibility determinants in multiple sclerosis, with special reference to clinical course. Lancet 1973;2:1221-1225.
    • (1973) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1221-1225
    • Jersild, C.1    Fog, T.2    Hansen, G.S.3    Thomsen, M.4    Svejgaard, A.5    Dupont, B.6
  • 41
    • 0017131335 scopus 로고
    • Association of histocompatibility haplotype HLA-A3-B7 with multiple sclerosis
    • Bertrams HJ, Kuwert EK. Association of histocompatibility haplotype HLA-A3-B7 with multiple sclerosis. J Immunol 1976;117:1906-1912.
    • (1976) J Immunol , vol.117 , pp. 1906-1912
    • Bertrams, H.J.1    Kuwert, E.K.2
  • 42
    • 0017109389 scopus 로고
    • B-lymphocyte alloantigens associated with multiple sclerosis
    • Compston DA, Batchelor JR, McDonald WI. B-lymphocyte alloantigens associated with multiple sclerosis. Lancet 1976;2:1261-1265.
    • (1976) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1261-1265
    • Compston, D.A.1    Batchelor, J.R.2    McDonald, W.I.3
  • 43
    • 0024394725 scopus 로고
    • Patients with multiple sclerosis carry DQB1 genes which encode shared polymorphic amino acid sequences
    • Vartdal F, Sollid LM, Vandvik B, Markussen G, Thorsby E. Patients with multiple sclerosis carry DQB1 genes which encode shared polymorphic amino acid sequences. Hum Immunol 1989;25:103-110.
    • (1989) Hum Immunol , vol.25 , pp. 103-110
    • Vartdal, F.1    Sollid, L.M.2    Vandvik, B.3    Markussen, G.4    Thorsby, E.5
  • 44
    • 0030918147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The HLA-DQ(alpha 1*0102, beta 1*0602) heterodimer may confer susceptibility to multiple sclerosis in the absence of the HLA-DR(alpha 1*01, beta 1*1501) heterodimer
    • Spurkland A, Celius EG, Knutsen I, Beiske A, Thorsby E, Vartdal F. The HLA-DQ(alpha 1*0102, beta 1*0602) heterodimer may confer susceptibility to multiple sclerosis in the absence of the HLA-DR(alpha 1*01, beta 1*1501) heterodimer. Tissue Antigens 1997;50:15-22.
    • (1997) Tissue Antigens , vol.50 , pp. 15-22
    • Spurkland, A.1    Celius, E.G.2    Knutsen, I.3    Beiske, A.4    Thorsby, E.5    Vartdal, F.6
  • 46
    • 84856617592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DQB1*0602 rather than DRB1*1501 confers susceptibility to multiple sclerosis-like disease induced by proteolipid protein (PLP)
    • Kaushansky N, Altmann DM, David CS, Lassmann H, Ben-Nun A. DQB1*0602 rather than DRB1*1501 confers susceptibility to multiple sclerosis-like disease induced by proteolipid protein (PLP). J Neuroinflammation 2012;9:29.
    • (2012) J Neuroinflammation , vol.9 , pp. 29
    • Kaushansky, N.1    Altmann, D.M.2    David, C.S.3    Lassmann, H.4    Ben-Nun, A.5
  • 47
    • 77958170205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refining the association of MHC with multiple sclerosis in African Americans
    • McElroy JP, et al. Refining the association of MHC with multiple sclerosis in African Americans. Hum Mol Genet 2010;19:3080-3088.
    • (2010) Hum Mol Genet , vol.19 , pp. 3080-3088
    • McElroy, J.P.1
  • 48
    • 9144269888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping multiple sclerosis susceptibility to the HLA-DR locus in African Americans
    • Oksenberg JR, et al. Mapping multiple sclerosis susceptibility to the HLA-DR locus in African Americans. Am J Hum Genet 2004;74:160-167.
    • (2004) Am J Hum Genet , vol.74 , pp. 160-167
    • Oksenberg, J.R.1
  • 49
    • 54049103212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uncoupling the roles of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DRB5 genes in multiple sclerosis
    • Caillier SJ, et al. Uncoupling the roles of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DRB5 genes in multiple sclerosis. J Immunol 2008;181:5473-5480.
    • (2008) J Immunol , vol.181 , pp. 5473-5480
    • Caillier, S.J.1
  • 50
    • 76249122265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Norwegian Sami differs significantly from other Norwegians according to their HLA profile
    • Harbo HF, et al. Norwegian Sami differs significantly from other Norwegians according to their HLA profile. Tissue Antigens 2010;75:207-217.
    • (2010) Tissue Antigens , vol.75 , pp. 207-217
    • Harbo, H.F.1
  • 51
    • 33947578228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low frequency of the disease-associated DRB1*15-DQB1*06 haplotype may contribute to the low prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Sami
    • Harbo HF, et al. Low frequency of the disease-associated DRB1*15-DQB1*06 haplotype may contribute to the low prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Sami. Tissue Antigens 2007;69:299-304.
    • (2007) Tissue Antigens , vol.69 , pp. 299-304
    • Harbo, H.F.1
  • 52
    • 12544254222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The HLA locus and multiple sclerosis in Sicily
    • Brassat D, et al. The HLA locus and multiple sclerosis in Sicily. Neurology 2005;64:361-363.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.64 , pp. 361-363
    • Brassat, D.1
  • 53
    • 17944373274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genome screen for multiple sclerosis in Sardinian multiplex families
    • Coraddu F, et al. A genome screen for multiple sclerosis in Sardinian multiplex families. Eur J Hum Genet 2001;9:621-626.
    • (2001) Eur J Hum Genet , vol.9 , pp. 621-626
    • Coraddu, F.1
  • 54
    • 0023727531 scopus 로고
    • Sardinian multiple sclerosis is associated with HLA-DR4: a serologic and molecular analysis
    • Marrosu MG, et al. Sardinian multiple sclerosis is associated with HLA-DR4: a serologic and molecular analysis. Neurology 1988;38:1749-1753.
    • (1988) Neurology , vol.38 , pp. 1749-1753
    • Marrosu, M.G.1
  • 55
    • 0031824226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DRB1-DQA1-DQB1 loci and multiple sclerosis predisposition in the Sardinian population
    • Marrosu MG, Murru MR, Costa G, Murru R, Muntoni F, Cucca F. DRB1-DQA1-DQB1 loci and multiple sclerosis predisposition in the Sardinian population. Hum Mol Genet 1998;7:1235-1237.
    • (1998) Hum Mol Genet , vol.7 , pp. 1235-1237
    • Marrosu, M.G.1    Murru, M.R.2    Costa, G.3    Murru, R.4    Muntoni, F.5    Cucca, F.6
  • 56
    • 18244367163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissection of the HLA association with multiple sclerosis in the founder isolated population of Sardinia
    • Marrosu MG, et al. Dissection of the HLA association with multiple sclerosis in the founder isolated population of Sardinia. Hum Mol Genet 2001;10:2907-2916.
    • (2001) Hum Mol Genet , vol.10 , pp. 2907-2916
    • Marrosu, M.G.1
  • 57
    • 0025836053 scopus 로고
    • Different HLA DR2-DQw1 haplotypes in Sardinian and northern Italian populations: implications for multiple sclerosis susceptibility
    • Muntoni F, et al. Different HLA DR2-DQw1 haplotypes in Sardinian and northern Italian populations: implications for multiple sclerosis susceptibility. Tissue Antigens 1991;38:34-36.
    • (1991) Tissue Antigens , vol.38 , pp. 34-36
    • Muntoni, F.1
  • 58
    • 0033975139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple sclerosis: a modifying influence of HLA class I genes in an HLA class II associated autoimmune disease
    • Fogdell-Hahn A, Ligers A, Gronning M, Hillert J, Olerup O. Multiple sclerosis: a modifying influence of HLA class I genes in an HLA class II associated autoimmune disease. Tissue Antigens 2000;55:140-148.
    • (2000) Tissue Antigens , vol.55 , pp. 140-148
    • Fogdell-Hahn, A.1    Ligers, A.2    Gronning, M.3    Hillert, J.4    Olerup, O.5
  • 59
    • 18344385134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic dissection of the human leukocyte antigen region by use of haplotypes of Tasmanians with multiple sclerosis
    • Rubio JP, et al. Genetic dissection of the human leukocyte antigen region by use of haplotypes of Tasmanians with multiple sclerosis. Am J Hum Genet 2002;70:1125-1137.
    • (2002) Am J Hum Genet , vol.70 , pp. 1125-1137
    • Rubio, J.P.1
  • 60
    • 34147167634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A second major histocompatibility complex susceptibility locus for multiple sclerosis
    • Yeo TW, et al. A second major histocompatibility complex susceptibility locus for multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2007;61:228-236.
    • (2007) Ann Neurol , vol.61 , pp. 228-236
    • Yeo, T.W.1
  • 61
    • 77956340532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two HLA class I genes independently associated with multiple sclerosis
    • Link J, et al. Two HLA class I genes independently associated with multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2010;226:172-176.
    • (2010) J Neuroimmunol , vol.226 , pp. 172-176
    • Link, J.1
  • 62
    • 77955854940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HLA B*44: protective effects in MS susceptibility and MRI outcome measures
    • Healy BC, et al. HLA B*44: protective effects in MS susceptibility and MRI outcome measures. Neurology 2010;75:634-640.
    • (2010) Neurology , vol.75 , pp. 634-640
    • Healy, B.C.1
  • 63
    • 79960321603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of HLA class I markers with multiple sclerosis in the Italian and UK population: evidence of two independent protective effects
    • Bergamaschi L, et al. Association of HLA class I markers with multiple sclerosis in the Italian and UK population: evidence of two independent protective effects. J Med Genet 2011;48:485-492.
    • (2011) J Med Genet , vol.48 , pp. 485-492
    • Bergamaschi, L.1
  • 64
    • 67650052034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor ligand HLA-Bw4 protects against multiple sclerosis
    • Lorentzen AR, et al. Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor ligand HLA-Bw4 protects against multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2009;65:658-666.
    • (2009) Ann Neurol , vol.65 , pp. 658-666
    • Lorentzen, A.R.1
  • 65
    • 77956205618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A major histocompatibility Class I locus contributes to multiple sclerosis susceptibility independently from HLA-DRB1*15:01
    • Cree BA, et al. A major histocompatibility Class I locus contributes to multiple sclerosis susceptibility independently from HLA-DRB1*15:01. PLoS ONE 2010;5:e11296.
    • (2010) PLoS ONE , vol.5
    • Cree, B.A.1
  • 66
    • 66149110388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epistasis among HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1, and HLA-DQB1 loci determines multiple sclerosis susceptibility
    • Lincoln MR, et al. Epistasis among HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1, and HLA-DQB1 loci determines multiple sclerosis susceptibility. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009;106:7542-7547.
    • (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.106 , pp. 7542-7547
    • Lincoln, M.R.1
  • 67
    • 33749515298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional epistasis on a common MHC haplotype associated with multiple sclerosis
    • Gregersen JW, et al. Functional epistasis on a common MHC haplotype associated with multiple sclerosis. Nature 2006;443:574-577.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.443 , pp. 574-577
    • Gregersen, J.W.1
  • 68
    • 0036155101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HLA-DR 15 is associated with female sex and younger age at diagnosis in multiple sclerosis
    • Hensiek AE, et al. HLA-DR 15 is associated with female sex and younger age at diagnosis in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2002;72:184-187.
    • (2002) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.72 , pp. 184-187
    • Hensiek, A.E.1
  • 70
    • 0034665457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex and age at diagnosis are correlated with the HLA-DR2, DQ6 haplotype in multiple sclerosis
    • Celius EG, Harbo HF, Egeland T, Vartdal F, Vandvik B, Spurkiand A. Sex and age at diagnosis are correlated with the HLA-DR2, DQ6 haplotype in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2000;178:132-135.
    • (2000) J Neurol Sci , vol.178 , pp. 132-135
    • Celius, E.G.1    Harbo, H.F.2    Egeland, T.3    Vartdal, F.4    Vandvik, B.5    Spurkiand, A.6
  • 71
    • 34547223570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of HLA-A and -DRB1 on age at onset, disease course and severity in Scandinavian multiple sclerosis patients
    • Smestad C, et al. The impact of HLA-A and -DRB1 on age at onset, disease course and severity in Scandinavian multiple sclerosis patients. Eur J Neurol 2007;14:835-840.
    • (2007) Eur J Neurol , vol.14 , pp. 835-840
    • Smestad, C.1
  • 72
    • 77958154257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HLA-DRB1: genetic susceptibility and disability progression in a Spanish multiple sclerosis population
    • Romero-Pinel L, et al. HLA-DRB1: genetic susceptibility and disability progression in a Spanish multiple sclerosis population. Eur J Neurol 2011;18:337-342.
    • (2011) Eur J Neurol , vol.18 , pp. 337-342
    • Romero-Pinel, L.1
  • 73
    • 67349107233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HLA-DRB115 and cerebrospinal-fluid-specific oligoclonal immunoglobulin G bands lower age at attainment of important disease milestones in multiple sclerosis
    • Imrell K, Greiner E, Hillert J, Masterman T. HLA-DRB115 and cerebrospinal-fluid-specific oligoclonal immunoglobulin G bands lower age at attainment of important disease milestones in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2009;210:128-130.
    • (2009) J Neuroimmunol , vol.210 , pp. 128-130
    • Imrell, K.1    Greiner, E.2    Hillert, J.3    Masterman, T.4
  • 74
    • 60549096301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modification of multiple sclerosis phenotypes by African ancestry at HLA
    • Cree BA, et al. Modification of multiple sclerosis phenotypes by African ancestry at HLA. Arch Neurol 2009;66:226-233.
    • (2009) Arch Neurol , vol.66 , pp. 226-233
    • Cree, B.A.1
  • 75
    • 58849146101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotype-phenotype correlations in multiple sclerosis: HLA genes influence disease severity inferred by 1HMR spectroscopy and MRI measures
    • Okuda DT, et al. Genotype-phenotype correlations in multiple sclerosis: HLA genes influence disease severity inferred by 1HMR spectroscopy and MRI measures. Brain 2009;132:250-259.
    • (2009) Brain , vol.132 , pp. 250-259
    • Okuda, D.T.1
  • 76
    • 28444440976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics of autoimmune myasthenia gravis: the multifaceted contribution of the HLA complex
    • Vandiedonck C, Giraud M, Garchon HJ. Genetics of autoimmune myasthenia gravis: the multifaceted contribution of the HLA complex. J Autoimmun 2005;25(Suppl.):6-11.
    • (2005) J Autoimmun , vol.25 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 6-11
    • Vandiedonck, C.1    Giraud, M.2    Garchon, H.J.3
  • 77
    • 80051826776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When is the absence of evidence, evidence of absence? Use of equivalence-based analyses in genetic epidemiology and a conclusion for the KIF1B rs10492972*C allelic association in multiple sclerosis
    • Gourraud PA. When is the absence of evidence, evidence of absence? Use of equivalence-based analyses in genetic epidemiology and a conclusion for the KIF1B rs10492972*C allelic association in multiple sclerosis. Genet Epidemiol 2011;35:568-571.
    • (2011) Genet Epidemiol , vol.35 , pp. 568-571
    • Gourraud, P.A.1
  • 78
    • 80051706384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interrogating the complex role of chromosome 16p13.13 in multiple sclerosis susceptibility: independent genetic signals in the CIITA-CLEC16A-SOCS1 gene complex
    • Zuvich RL, et al. Interrogating the complex role of chromosome 16p13.13 in multiple sclerosis susceptibility: independent genetic signals in the CIITA-CLEC16A-SOCS1 gene complex. Hum Mol Genet 2011;20:3517-3524.
    • (2011) Hum Mol Genet , vol.20 , pp. 3517-3524
    • Zuvich, R.L.1
  • 79
    • 84857194909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of the real effect of genes identified in GWAS: the example of IL2RA in multiple sclerosis
    • Babron MC, et al. Determination of the real effect of genes identified in GWAS: the example of IL2RA in multiple sclerosis. Eur J Hum Genet 2012;20:321-325.
    • (2012) Eur J Hum Genet , vol.20 , pp. 321-325
    • Babron, M.C.1
  • 80
    • 80053067705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The CD6 multiple sclerosis susceptibility allele is associated with alterations in CD4+ T cell proliferation
    • Kofler DM, Severson CA, Mousissian N, De Jager PL, Hafler DA. The CD6 multiple sclerosis susceptibility allele is associated with alterations in CD4+ T cell proliferation. J Immunol 2011;187:3286-3291.
    • (2011) J Immunol , vol.187 , pp. 3286-3291
    • Kofler, D.M.1    Severson, C.A.2    Mousissian, N.3    De Jager, P.L.4    Hafler, D.A.5
  • 81
    • 79952158486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tyrosine kinase 2 variant influences T lymphocyte polarization and multiple sclerosis susceptibility
    • Couturier N, et al. Tyrosine kinase 2 variant influences T lymphocyte polarization and multiple sclerosis susceptibility. Brain 2011;134:693-703.
    • (2011) Brain , vol.134 , pp. 693-703
    • Couturier, N.1
  • 82
    • 0035400165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking and incidence of multiple sclerosis
    • Hernan MA, Olek MJ, Ascherio A. Cigarette smoking and incidence of multiple sclerosis. Am J Epidemiol 2001;154:69-74.
    • (2001) Am J Epidemiol , vol.154 , pp. 69-74
    • Hernan, M.A.1    Olek, M.J.2    Ascherio, A.3
  • 83
    • 85047173391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis
    • Biran I, Steiner I. Smoking is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2004;63:763.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63 , pp. 763
    • Biran, I.1    Steiner, I.2
  • 84
    • 0345327729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis
    • Riise T, Nortvedt MW, Ascherio A. Smoking is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2003;61:1122-1124.
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.61 , pp. 1122-1124
    • Riise, T.1    Nortvedt, M.W.2    Ascherio, A.3
  • 85
    • 79952138032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and two human leukocyte antigen genes interact to increase the risk for multiple sclerosis
    • Hedstrom AK, et al. Smoking and two human leukocyte antigen genes interact to increase the risk for multiple sclerosis. Brain 2011;134:653-664.
    • (2011) Brain , vol.134 , pp. 653-664
    • Hedstrom, A.K.1
  • 86
    • 79952154633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The major histocompatibility complex and multiple sclerosis: a smoking gun?
    • Sawcer S, Hellenthal G. The major histocompatibility complex and multiple sclerosis: a smoking gun? Brain 2011;134:638-640.
    • (2011) Brain , vol.134 , pp. 638-640
    • Sawcer, S.1    Hellenthal, G.2
  • 87
    • 34250672398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis: a metanalysis
    • Hawkes CH. Smoking is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis: a metanalysis. Multiple Sclerosis 2007;13:610-615.
    • (2007) Multiple Sclerosis , vol.13 , pp. 610-615
    • Hawkes, C.H.1
  • 88
    • 79958728985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics and the environment converge to dysregulate N-glycosylation in multiple sclerosis
    • Mkhikian H, et al. Genetics and the environment converge to dysregulate N-glycosylation in multiple sclerosis. Nat Commun 2011;2:334.
    • (2011) Nat Commun , vol.2 , pp. 334
    • Mkhikian, H.1
  • 89
    • 36348954543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-glycan processing deficiency promotes spontaneous inflammatory demyelination and neurodegeneration
    • Lee SU, et al. N-glycan processing deficiency promotes spontaneous inflammatory demyelination and neurodegeneration. J Biol Chem 2007;282:33725-33734.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , pp. 33725-33734
    • Lee, S.U.1
  • 90
    • 78650323671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive, preventive, personalized and participatory medicine: back to the future
    • Auffray C, Charron D, Hood L. Predictive, preventive, personalized and participatory medicine: back to the future. Genome Med 2010;2:57.
    • (2010) Genome Med , vol.2 , pp. 57
    • Auffray, C.1    Charron, D.2    Hood, L.3
  • 91
    • 79952431304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive, personalized, preventive, participatory (P4) cancer medicine
    • Hood L, Friend SH. Predictive, personalized, preventive, participatory (P4) cancer medicine. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2011;8:184-187.
    • (2011) Nat Rev Clin Oncol , vol.8 , pp. 184-187
    • Hood, L.1    Friend, S.H.2
  • 92
    • 50149102578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abrogation of T cell quiescence characterizes patients at high risk for multiple sclerosis after the initial neurological event
    • Corvol JC, et al. Abrogation of T cell quiescence characterizes patients at high risk for multiple sclerosis after the initial neurological event. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008;105:11839-11844.
    • (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.105 , pp. 11839-11844
    • Corvol, J.C.1
  • 93
    • 77952240517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A CD8+ T cell transcription signature predicts prognosis in autoimmune disease
    • McKinney EF, et al. A CD8+ T cell transcription signature predicts prognosis in autoimmune disease. Nat Med 2010;16:586-591.
    • (2010) Nat Med , vol.16 , pp. 586-591
    • McKinney, E.F.1
  • 94
    • 79955768389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics, and individualized medicine
    • Ma Q, Lu AY. Pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics, and individualized medicine. Pharmacol Rev 2011;63:437-459.
    • (2011) Pharmacol Rev , vol.63 , pp. 437-459
    • Ma, Q.1    Lu, A.Y.2
  • 95
    • 79951911231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion pharmacogenomics of drugs of abuse
    • Meyer MR, Maurer HH. Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion pharmacogenomics of drugs of abuse. Pharmacogenomics 2011;12:215-233.
    • (2011) Pharmacogenomics , vol.12 , pp. 215-233
    • Meyer, M.R.1    Maurer, H.H.2
  • 96
    • 20044373640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcription-based prediction of response to IFNbeta using supervised computational methods
    • Baranzini SE, et al. Transcription-based prediction of response to IFNbeta using supervised computational methods. PLoS Biol 2005;3:e2.
    • (2005) PLoS Biol , vol.3
    • Baranzini, S.E.1
  • 97
    • 81355160418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural killer cell phenotype and clinical response to interferon-beta therapy in multiple sclerosis
    • Martinez-Rodriguez JE, et al. Natural killer cell phenotype and clinical response to interferon-beta therapy in multiple sclerosis. Clin Immunol 2011;141:348-356.
    • (2011) Clin Immunol , vol.141 , pp. 348-356
    • Martinez-Rodriguez, J.E.1
  • 98
    • 33645812129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulatory CD56(bright) natural killer cells mediate immunomodulatory effects of IL-2Ralpha-targeted therapy (daclizumab) in multiple sclerosis
    • Bielekova B, et al. Regulatory CD56(bright) natural killer cells mediate immunomodulatory effects of IL-2Ralpha-targeted therapy (daclizumab) in multiple sclerosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006;103:5941-5946.
    • (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.103 , pp. 5941-5946
    • Bielekova, B.1
  • 99
    • 84455168430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implication of the toll-like receptor 4 pathway in the response to interferon-beta in multiple sclerosis
    • Bustamante MF, et al. Implication of the toll-like receptor 4 pathway in the response to interferon-beta in multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2011;70:634-645.
    • (2011) Ann Neurol , vol.70 , pp. 634-645
    • Bustamante, M.F.1
  • 100
    • 0038546727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microarray analysis identifies interferon beta-regulated genes in multiple sclerosis
    • Koike F, et al. Microarray analysis identifies interferon beta-regulated genes in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2003;139:109-118.
    • (2003) J Neuroimmunol , vol.139 , pp. 109-118
    • Koike, F.1
  • 101
    • 0034855936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex immunomodulatory effects of interferon-beta in multiple sclerosis include the upregulation of T helper 1-associated marker genes
    • Wandinger KP, et al. Complex immunomodulatory effects of interferon-beta in multiple sclerosis include the upregulation of T helper 1-associated marker genes. Ann Neurol 2001;50:349-357.
    • (2001) Ann Neurol , vol.50 , pp. 349-357
    • Wandinger, K.P.1
  • 102
    • 12444304354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) as a potential response marker for interferon-beta treatment in multiple sclerosis
    • Wandinger KP, et al. TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) as a potential response marker for interferon-beta treatment in multiple sclerosis. Lancet 2003;361:2036-2043.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.361 , pp. 2036-2043
    • Wandinger, K.P.1
  • 103
    • 44849128066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacogenomics of interferon-beta therapy in multiple sclerosis: baseline IFN signature determines pharmacological differences between patients
    • e1927.
    • van Baarsen LG, et al. Pharmacogenomics of interferon-beta therapy in multiple sclerosis: baseline IFN signature determines pharmacological differences between patients. PLoS ONE 2008;3:e1927.
    • (2008) PLoS ONE , vol.3
    • van Baarsen, L.G.1
  • 104
    • 0038692013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression profiling identifies responder and non-responder phenotypes to interferon-beta in multiple sclerosis
    • Sturzebecher S, et al. Expression profiling identifies responder and non-responder phenotypes to interferon-beta in multiple sclerosis. Brain 2003;126:1419-1429.
    • (2003) Brain , vol.126 , pp. 1419-1429
    • Sturzebecher, S.1
  • 105
    • 70450162691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of new sensitive biomarkers for the in vivo response to interferon-beta treatment in multiple sclerosis using DNA-array evaluation
    • Sellebjerg F, et al. Identification of new sensitive biomarkers for the in vivo response to interferon-beta treatment in multiple sclerosis using DNA-array evaluation. Eur J Neurol 2009;16:1291-1298.
    • (2009) Eur J Neurol , vol.16 , pp. 1291-1298
    • Sellebjerg, F.1
  • 106
    • 46849085156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression analysis of interferon-beta treatment in multiple sclerosis
    • Sellebjerg F, et al. Gene expression analysis of interferon-beta treatment in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis 2008;14:615-621.
    • (2008) Multiple Sclerosis , vol.14 , pp. 615-621
    • Sellebjerg, F.1
  • 107
    • 11144357349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased integrin gene expression in patients with MS responding to interferon-beta treatment
    • Muraro PA, et al. Decreased integrin gene expression in patients with MS responding to interferon-beta treatment. J Neuroimmunol 2004;150:123-131.
    • (2004) J Neuroimmunol , vol.150 , pp. 123-131
    • Muraro, P.A.1
  • 108
    • 79953803423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of interferon beta efficacy in patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Killestein J, Polman CH. Determinants of interferon beta efficacy in patients with multiple sclerosis. Nat Rev Neurol 2011;7:221-228.
    • (2011) Nat Rev Neurol , vol.7 , pp. 221-228
    • Killestein, J.1    Polman, C.H.2
  • 109
    • 77957333021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of differential expression of interferon receptor isoforms on the response of multiple sclerosis patients to therapy with interferon beta
    • Gilli F. Role of differential expression of interferon receptor isoforms on the response of multiple sclerosis patients to therapy with interferon beta. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2010;30:733-741.
    • (2010) J Interferon Cytokine Res , vol.30 , pp. 733-741
    • Gilli, F.1
  • 110
    • 4344660973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological activity of interferon betas in patients with multiple sclerosis is affected by treatment regimen and neutralising antibodies
    • Bertolotto A, et al. Biological activity of interferon betas in patients with multiple sclerosis is affected by treatment regimen and neutralising antibodies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psych 2004;75:1294-1299.
    • (2004) J Neurol Neurosurg Psych , vol.75 , pp. 1294-1299
    • Bertolotto, A.1
  • 111
    • 53649100130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon-beta responders and non-responders. A biological approach
    • Bertolotto A, Gilli F. Interferon-beta responders and non-responders. A biological approach. Neurol Sci 2008;29(Suppl.):S216-S217.
    • (2008) Neurol Sci , vol.29 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Bertolotto, A.1    Gilli, F.2
  • 112
    • 79952991837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Challenges in obtaining adequate genetic sample sets in clinical trials: the perspective of the industry pharmacogenomics working group
    • Warner AW, et al. Challenges in obtaining adequate genetic sample sets in clinical trials: the perspective of the industry pharmacogenomics working group. Clin Pharmacol Therapeut 2011;89:529-536.
    • (2011) Clin Pharmacol Therapeut , vol.89 , pp. 529-536
    • Warner, A.W.1
  • 113
    • 33947410350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microarray analysis of human leucocyte subsets: the advantages of positive selection and rapid purification
    • Lyons PA, et al. Microarray analysis of human leucocyte subsets: the advantages of positive selection and rapid purification. BMC Genomics 2007;8:64.
    • (2007) BMC Genomics , vol.8 , pp. 64
    • Lyons, P.A.1
  • 114
    • 79957939061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computational classifiers for predicting the short-term course of multiple sclerosis
    • Bejarano B, et al. Computational classifiers for predicting the short-term course of multiple sclerosis. BMC Neurol 2011;11:67.
    • (2011) BMC Neurol , vol.11 , pp. 67
    • Bejarano, B.1
  • 115
    • 71849106791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of cardiovascular disease outcomes and established cardiovascular risk factors by genome-wide association markers
    • Ioannidis JP. Prediction of cardiovascular disease outcomes and established cardiovascular risk factors by genome-wide association markers. Circ Cardiovasc Genet 2009;2:7-15.
    • (2009) Circ Cardiovasc Genet , vol.2 , pp. 7-15
    • Ioannidis, J.P.1
  • 116
    • 70350214788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of evidence from multiple meta-analyses: a primer on umbrella reviews, treatment networks and multiple treatments meta-analyses
    • Ioannidis JP. Integration of evidence from multiple meta-analyses: a primer on umbrella reviews, treatment networks and multiple treatments meta-analyses. CMAJ 2009;181:488-493.
    • (2009) CMAJ , vol.181 , pp. 488-493
    • Ioannidis, J.P.1
  • 117
    • 79951809755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sociobiology of molecular systems
    • Foster KR. The sociobiology of molecular systems. Nat Rev Genet 2011;12:193-203.
    • (2011) Nat Rev Genet , vol.12 , pp. 193-203
    • Foster, K.R.1
  • 118
    • 78650373804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Network medicine: a network-based approach to human disease
    • Barabasi AL, Gulbahce N, Loscalzo J. Network medicine: a network-based approach to human disease. Nat Rev Genet 2011;12:56-68.
    • (2011) Nat Rev Genet , vol.12 , pp. 56-68
    • Barabasi, A.L.1    Gulbahce, N.2    Loscalzo, J.3
  • 119
    • 33845716141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systems-based medicine approaches to understand and treat complex diseases. The example of multiple sclerosis
    • Baranzini SE. Systems-based medicine approaches to understand and treat complex diseases. The example of multiple sclerosis. Autoimmunity 2006;39:651-662.
    • (2006) Autoimmunity , vol.39 , pp. 651-662
    • Baranzini, S.E.1
  • 120
    • 0742305866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Network biology: understanding the cell's functional organization
    • Barabasi AL, Oltvai ZN. Network biology: understanding the cell's functional organization. Nat Rev Genet 2004;5:101-113.
    • (2004) Nat Rev Genet , vol.5 , pp. 101-113
    • Barabasi, A.L.1    Oltvai, Z.N.2
  • 121
    • 41649119247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein networks in disease
    • Ideker T, Sharan R. Protein networks in disease. Genome Res 2008;18:644-652.
    • (2008) Genome Res , vol.18 , pp. 644-652
    • Ideker, T.1    Sharan, R.2
  • 124
    • 34548427938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moving toward a system genetics view of disease
    • Sieberts SK, Schadt EE. Moving toward a system genetics view of disease. Mamm Genome 2007;18:389-401.
    • (2007) Mamm Genome , vol.18 , pp. 389-401
    • Sieberts, S.K.1    Schadt, E.E.2
  • 125
    • 79956288696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shared genetics in coeliac disease and other immune-mediated diseases
    • Gutierrez-Achury J, Coutinho de Almeida R, Wijmenga C. Shared genetics in coeliac disease and other immune-mediated diseases. J Int Med 2011;269:591-603.
    • (2011) J Int Med , vol.269 , pp. 591-603
    • Gutierrez-Achury, J.1    Coutinho de Almeida, R.2    Wijmenga, C.3
  • 126
    • 57749193136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting shared pathogenesis from the shared genetics of immune-related diseases
    • Zhernakova A, van Diemen CC, Wijmenga C. Detecting shared pathogenesis from the shared genetics of immune-related diseases. Nat Rev Genet 2009;10:43-55.
    • (2009) Nat Rev Genet , vol.10 , pp. 43-55
    • Zhernakova, A.1    van Diemen, C.C.2    Wijmenga, C.3
  • 127
    • 80053369698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • iCTNet: a Cytoscape plugin to produce and analyze integrative complex traits networks
    • Wang L, Khankhanian P, Baranzini SE, Mousavi P. iCTNet: a Cytoscape plugin to produce and analyze integrative complex traits networks. BMC Bioinformatics 2011;12:380.
    • (2011) BMC Bioinformatics , vol.12 , pp. 380
    • Wang, L.1    Khankhanian, P.2    Baranzini, S.E.3    Mousavi, P.4
  • 128
    • 84255194782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies novel multiple sclerosis susceptibility loci
    • Patsopoulos NA, et al. Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies novel multiple sclerosis susceptibility loci. Ann Neurol 2011;70:897-912.
    • (2011) Ann Neurol , vol.70 , pp. 897-912
    • Patsopoulos, N.A.1
  • 129
    • 0002620256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HLA class II susceptibility to multiple sclerosis among Ashkenazi and non-Ashkenazi Jews
    • Kwon OJ, et al. HLA class II susceptibility to multiple sclerosis among Ashkenazi and non-Ashkenazi Jews. Arch Neurol 1999;56:555-560.
    • (1999) Arch Neurol , vol.56 , pp. 555-560
    • Kwon, O.J.1
  • 130
    • 0030822571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple sclerosis in Sardinia is associated and in linkage disequilibrium with HLA-DR3 and -DR4 alleles
    • Marrosu MG, et al. Multiple sclerosis in Sardinia is associated and in linkage disequilibrium with HLA-DR3 and -DR4 alleles. Am J Hum Genet 1997;61:454-457.
    • (1997) Am J Hum Genet , vol.61 , pp. 454-457
    • Marrosu, M.G.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.